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How to Write a TV Show Title in an Essay: In APA, MLA, and more
Writing TV Show Title in Different Formats
Precision and adherence to formatting styles are paramount in the academic writing arena. One often overlooked aspect is how to write a TV show title within an essay while following specific style guidelines, such as APA, MLA, and more.
Mostly, this guide will illuminate the importance of proper formatting and how to incorporate captivating TV show titles into your essays seamlessly. It ensures your writing is academically sound and engaging for your readers.
Now, let’s dive into the nuances of formatting TV show titles in different styles, ensuring your essays shine clearly and professionally.
Basic Rules for TV Show Title Formatting
1. capitalization rules.
Regardless of the formatting style (APA, MLA, etc.), always capitalize the first and last words of the TV show title. For example, in the title “Breaking Bad,” both “Breaking” and “Bad” would be capitalized.
Major words within the TV show title should also be capitalized. These include nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. In “Game of Thrones,” “Game” and “Thrones” are major words and should be capitalized.
In most formatting styles, small words like conjunctions (e.g., “and,” “or”), prepositions (e.g., “in,” “on”), and articles (e.g., “the,” “a”) are not capitalized unless they are the first or last words of the title. For example, “The Office” follows this rule.
2. Use of Italics
Using italics correctly for TV show titles in your essays is crucial to distinguish them from the rest of the text. Here’s when and how to use italics:
When to Use Italics:
- Total Titles: Italicize the full title of a TV show when mentioned in your essay. For example, “Friends” should be written as Friends.
- Episode Titles: Italicize individual episode titles when discussing specific episodes within the TV show. For example, “The One with the Prom Video” from Friends.
- Series Names: When you refer to the name of the TV series as a whole, it should also be italicized. For example, “The overarching storyline in Game of Thrones is captivating.”
- Titles within Titles: If a TV show title appears within the title of another work, italicize both. For example, “The Simpsons parody in Family Guy was hilarious.”
3. Using Quotation Marks
Quotation marks are used for specific instances when referencing TV show titles in your essays. So, when do you use quotation marks?
Episode Titles: Use double quotation marks to enclose the titles of individual TV show episodes, like “The One with the Prom Video” from “Friends.”
If a character within a TV show quotes something or if you’re discussing dialogue from the show, use single quotation marks inside double quotation marks.
4. Punctuation and TV Show Titles
When it comes to punctuation and TV show titles in your essays, it’s essential to handle them correctly for clarity and consistency:
Punctuation marks that are part of the TV show’s title should be included. For example, “Grey’s Anatomy.”
When using a TV show title at the end of a sentence, the ending punctuation (such as a period or comma) comes after the title. For instance, “I enjoy watching ‘Breaking Bad’.”
Special characters and symbols within TV show titles should be retained as they appear in the original title.
For example, “Law & Order: SVU” should be written exactly as shown, including the ampersand (&).
Tips when Incorporating TV Show Titles in Essay Text
Proper integration.
Properly integrating TV show titles into your essay is essential for a seamless and grammatically correct presentation. To achieve this:
Introduce the title with a clear context, such as “In the popular TV show ‘Breaking Bad,’…”
Ensure that the title is grammatically integrated into your sentence structure. For example, “The characters of ‘Friends’ exhibit various personality traits.”
Verb Tense and TV Show Titles
Matching verb tense with the timing of TV show titles is essential to maintain consistency and clarity in your writing:
Use the present tense when discussing events or actions in the TV show. For example, “In ‘The Office,’ Jim pranks Dwight.”
Use the past tense when referring to events or actions within the show. For instance, “In the last episode of ‘Breaking Bad,’ Walter White faced a crucial decision.”
Citing TV Shows in Different Citation Styles
Structure of the citation: In an MLA citation , include the TV show’s title in italics, the season and episode number (if applicable), the director’s name, the production company, and the broadcast year. For example: “Breaking Bad, created by Vince Gilligan, AMC, 2008-2013.”
In-text citations: In MLA, parenthetical in-text citations should include the title of the episode or TV show in quotation marks.
Citing TV shows in APA style: In APA, reference TV shows as part of the broader category of audiovisual materials. Include the title in italics, the production company, and the year. For example: “The Crown, Left Bank Pictures, 2016-present.”
Including TV show titles in the reference list: In your reference list, TV show titles should be italicized, and the format should follow APA guidelines for audiovisual materials.
Chicago Style
In Chicago style, you can use footnotes or endnotes to cite TV shows. Include the title in italics, the episode title (if applicable), the production company, and the year. In your bibliography, list the TV show similarly.
Common Mistakes to Avoid when Writing Film Titles
When writing film titles, there are common mistakes that writers should avoid to maintain clarity and accuracy in their work:
Incorrect Capitalization
One of the most prevalent errors is failing to capitalize words appropriately within film titles. Writers may capitalize minor words like prepositions or articles when they should not be.
For example, writing “The Lord of The Rings” instead of “The Lord of the Rings” is a common mistake.
Misuse of Italics or Quotation Marks
It is essential to use either italics or quotation marks consistently, depending on your style guide. Mixing them or omitting them altogether can lead to confusion.
For instance, writing “Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban” instead of “Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban” or “Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban” is incorrect.
Inconsistent Formatting
Ensuring uniformity in formatting is crucial. Writers sometimes use different styles for the same film title throughout their work, which can be distracting. Consistency is key.
Ignoring Special Characters
Some films include special characters or symbols in their titles, such as “&” or “-” (“Men in Black” or “Spider-Man”). Neglecting these characters can result in inaccuracies.
Omitting Necessary Details
Failing to provide additional details like release years or directors for clarity can be a mistake. For example, “The Matrix” could refer to the original 1999 film or its sequels.
Improper Punctuation
Please place punctuation marks within film titles, such as commas or colons, to avoid misunderstandings. Writers should follow the proper punctuation rules for titles.
Incomplete Titles
Abbreviating film titles without clear context can confuse readers. For example, “The Empire Strikes Back” should not be shortened to “Empire Strikes Back” without proper introduction.
Understanding how to format and integrate TV show titles in your essays is vital for precise and consistent writing. Proper capitalization, italics or quotation marks, verb tense, and citation styles are crucial.
Avoiding common mistakes, such as inconsistent formatting or ignoring special characters, ensures accuracy.
As you navigate the world of TV show titles in academic writing, remember to adhere to the style guide you use, whether it’s MLA, APA, or Chicago.
You not only maintain academic integrity but also enhance the readability and professionalism of your essays. So, use TV show titles effectively to elevate the quality of your academic work.
Josh Jasen or JJ as we fondly call him, is a senior academic editor at Grade Bees in charge of the writing department. When not managing complex essays and academic writing tasks, Josh is busy advising students on how to pass assignments. In his spare time, he loves playing football or walking with his dog around the park.
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Are TV Shows Italicized? (APA, AP, MLA, and Chicago)
Choosing whether to use italics or not when citing a TV show in formal writing can be difficult. This page explains how to write a TV show in a paper and provides examples for you to see the different style formats.
Are TV Shows Italicized?
If you are citing a TV show in an essay that follows APA, MLA, or Chicago Style formatting, the names of TV shows should be in italics. For MLA and Chicago styles, the episodes are in quotation marks. Furthermore, in AP Style, TV shows appear in quotation marks, not italics.
For MLA and Chicago styles, when making an in-text citation, you should mention the name of the TV show. As shown in the examples below:
Chicago Style
- The TV series Black Mirror first aired in 2011, and the first episode was about a member of the British Royal family being kidnapped (“The National Anthem” 2011).
- The TV series Black Mirror first aired in 2011, and the first episode was about a member of the British Royal family being kidnapped (“The National Anthem”).
For APA Style, you should list the writer of the show rather than the show itself for an in-text citation.
- The TV series Black Mirror first aired in 2011, and the first episode was written and conceived by former journalist Charlie Brooker (Brooker, 2011).
For AP Style, you should use quotation marks instead of italics.
- The TV series “Black Mirror” first aired in 2011 and is about to enter its sixth season.
Are TV Shows Quoted?
When citing TV shows in formal writing, you do not need to use quotation marks for APA, MLA, or Chicago styles for the primary name of the show. However, in MLA and Chicago, the individual episodes of a TV series are in quotation marks.
Also, in AP Style, the name of the show or the individual episodes should be in quotation marks.
Here are some examples of TV show in-text citations:
- The TV series “Black Mirror”, created by Charlie Brooker, has been bought by Netflix.
- “Bandersnatch” was an episode of “Black Mirror” in which viewers could choose from different scenarios.
Are TV Shows Italicized in APA Style?
When citing a TV show in APA Style, the show’s main title should be in italics, and the individual episodes should be in quotation marks.
Also, when making an in-text citation, you should list the author rather than the show, which would be listed in the references.
Here are some examples of APA Style citations for TV shows:
- In-text – The second episode of Black Mirror , “15 Million Merits”, highlighted the materialistic nature of modern-day society (Brooker & Huq, 2011).
- Reference: “15 Million Merits.” Black Mirror , created by Charlie Brooker, season 1, episode 2, Zeppotron, 2011.
Are TV Shows Italicized in AP Style?
In AP Style, it is not common practice to use italics for any part of the text, and instead, quotation marks are used for works such as films and TV shows.
Quotation marks should be used when mentioning the main title of the series and the episodes in AP Style.
As shown in the examples below:
- Charlie Brooker was the sole writer of the second series of “Black Mirror.”
- The Christmas special of Black Mirror, which aired in 2014, was called “White Christmas.”
Are TV Shows Italicized in Chicago Style?
In Chicago Style, it is necessary to use italics for the main title of TV shows, and any specific episodes should appear in quotation marks .
Also, when making an in-text citation, you can list the whole show and date if that is what you are referring to, or you can list the individual episode if that is more suitable.
Here are some examples of citations for a TV show in Chicago Style:
- In-text – Some TV shows try to highlight the dangers of social media and technology to society ( Black Mirror , 2011).
- In-text – The concept of a system where people rate each other based on their looks and actions, first popularized in the TV Black Mirror , is not a million miles away from reality (“Nosedive”, 2014).
- Reference: Black Mirror, “Nosedive,” Netflix video, 63m, October 21 st 2016, https://www.netflix.com/watch/80104627?trackId=255824129
Are TV Shows Italicized in MLA Style?
In MLA Style, you should use italics for citing TV shows and quotation marks for individual episodes .
It is not necessary to insert the date for an in-text reference. Also, you can either include the TV show as a whole, or individual episodes, as shown in the examples below:
- In-text – Channel 4 in the UK has always been a leader in promoting new and innovative shows that deal with societal issues ( Black Mirror ).
- In-text – The concept of a system where people rate each other based on their behaviour, now being actioned in China, is frighteningly similar to an episode of Black Mirror (“Nosedive”).
- Reference – “Nosedive.” Black Mirror , created by Charlie Brooker, Rashida Jones, & Michael Schur, season 3, episode 1, House of Tomorrow, 2014.
Final Thoughts
When inserting a TV show reference into formal writing, you should use italics in MLA, APA, and Chicago styles. The show’s episodes should be in quotes for Chicago and MLA, and for AP Style, the TV show and the episodes are both in quotation marks instead of italics.
Martin holds a Master’s degree in Finance and International Business. He has six years of experience in professional communication with clients, executives, and colleagues. Furthermore, he has teaching experience from Aarhus University. Martin has been featured as an expert in communication and teaching on Forbes and Shopify. Read more about Martin here .
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- MLA titles: Formatting and capitalization rules
MLA Titles | How to Format & Capitalize Source Titles
Published on April 2, 2019 by Courtney Gahan . Revised on March 5, 2024.
In MLA style , source titles appear either in italics or in quotation marks:
- Italicize the title of a self-contained whole (e.g. a book, film, journal, or website).
- Use quotation marks around the title if it is part of a larger work (e.g. a chapter of a book, an article in a journal, or a page on a website).
All major words in a title are capitalized . The same format is used in the Works Cited list and in the text itself.
Place in quotation marks | Italicize |
---|---|
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Table of contents
Capitalization in mla titles, punctuation in mla titles, titles within titles, exceptions to mla title formatting, sources with no title, abbreviating titles, titles in foreign languages, frequently asked questions about mla titles.
In all titles and subtitles, capitalize the first and last words, as well as any other principal words.
What to capitalize
Part of speech | Example |
---|---|
in Time | |
and Me | |
for It | |
Girl | |
in Love | |
of You |
What not to capitalize
Part of speech | Example |
---|---|
(a, an, the) | Road |
(against, as, between, of, to) | Africa |
(and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet) | the Chocolate Factory |
“To” in infinitives | Run |
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Use the same punctuation as appears in the source title. However, if there is a subtitle, separate it from the main title with a colon and a space, even if different (or no) punctuation is used in the source.
Example of a work with a subtitle
The exception is when the title ends in a question mark, exclamation point or dash, in which case you keep the original punctuation:
Sometimes a title contains another title—for example, the title of an article about a novel might contain that novel’s title.
For titles within titles, in general, maintain the same formatting as you would if the title stood on its own.
Type of title | Format | Example |
---|---|---|
Longer works within shorter works | Italicize the inner work’s title | → “ and the Cacophony of the American Dream” |
Shorter works within shorter works | Use single quotation marks for the inner title | “The Red Wedding” → “‘The Red Wedding’ at 5: Why Game of Thrones Most Notorious Scene Shocked Us to the Core” |
Shorter works within longer works | Enclose the inner title in quotation marks, and italicize the entire title | “The Garden Party” → & Other Stories |
Longer works within longer works | Remove the italicization from the inner title | and → Richard II Henry V |
Titles and names that fall into the following categories are not italicized or enclosed in quotation marks:
- Scripture (e.g. the Bible, the Koran, the Gospel)
- Laws, acts and related documents (e.g. the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution , the Paris Agreement)
- Musical compositions identified by form, number and key (e.g. Beethoven’s Symphony no. 5 in C minor, op. 67)
- Conferences, seminars, workshops and courses (e.g. MLA Annual Convention)
Sections of a work
Words that indicate a particular section of a work are not italicized or placed within quotation marks. They are also not capitalized when mentioned in the text.
Examples of such sections include:
- introduction
- list of works cited
- bibliography
Introductions, prefaces, forewords and afterwords
Descriptive terms such as “introduction”, “preface”, “foreword” and “afterword” are capitalized if mentioned in an MLA in-text citation or in the Works Cited list, but not when mentioned in the text itself.
Example of descriptive term capitalization
In-text citation: (Brontë, Preface )
In text: In her preface to the work, added in a later edition, Brontë debates the morality of creating characters such as those featured in Wuthering Heights .
If there is a unique title for the introduction, preface, foreword or afterword, include that title in quotation marks instead of the generic section name when referencing the source in the Works Cited list or an in-text citation.
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For sources with no title, a brief description of the source acts as the title.
Example of a source reference with no title
Follow these rules for capitalization:
- Capitalize the first word
- Capitalize proper nouns
- Ignore other MLA rules for capitalization
There are some exceptions to this general format: descriptions including titles of other works, such as comments on articles or reviews of movies; untitled short messages, like tweets; email messages; and untitled poems.
Exceptions to general format for sources with no title
Source type | Rules | Example |
---|---|---|
Comment/review of a work | Sam. Comment on “The Patriot’s Guide to Election Fraud.” , 26 Mar. 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/03/26/opinion | |
Tweet or other short untitled message | @realDonaldTrump. “No Collusion, No Obstruction, Complete and Total EXONERATION. KEEP AMERICA GREAT!” , 24 Mar. 2019, 1:42 p.m., twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status | |
Labrode, Molly. “Re: National Cleanup Day.” Received by Courtney Gahan, 20 Mar. 2019. | ||
Untitled poem | Shelley, Percy Bysshe. “O! there are spirits of the air.” , edited by Zachary Leader and Michael O’Neill, Oxford UP, 2003, pp. 89–90. |
If you need to mention the name of a work in the text itself, state the full title, but omit the subtitle.
If you need to refer to the work multiple times, you may shorten the title to something familiar or obvious to the reader. For example, Huckleberry Finn for The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn . If in doubt, prefer the noun phrase.
If the standalone abbreviation may not be clear, you can introduce it in parentheses, following the standard guidelines for abbreviations. For example, The Merchant of Venice ( MV ) . For Shakespeare and the Bible , there are well-established abbreviations you can use.
When you abbreviate a title, make sure you keep the formatting consistent. Even if the abbreviation consists only of letters, as in the MV example, it must be italicized or placed within quotation marks in the same way as it would be when written in full.
Abbreviating very long titles in the Works Cited list
Titles should normally be given in full in the Works Cited list, but if any of your sources has a particularly long title (often the case with older works), you can use an ellipsis to shorten it here. This is only necessary with extremely long titles such as the example below.
In the Works Cited list, if you are listing a work with a title in a language other than English, you can add the translated title in square brackets.
Example of a reference with a translated title
If you are using the foreign-language title in the text itself, you can also include the translation in parenthesis. For example, O Alquimista ( The Alchemist ) .
You don’t need to include a translation in your reference list or in the text if you expect your readers to be familiar with the original language. For example, you wouldn’t translate the title of a French novel you were writing about in the context of a French degree.
Non-Latin script languages
For works in a language that does not use the Latin alphabet, such as Arabic, Chinese, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, or Russian, be consistent with how you mention the source titles and also quotations from within them.
For example, if you choose to write a Russian title in the Cyrillic form, do that throughout the document. If you choose to use the Romanized form, stick with that. Do not alternate between the two.
Yes. MLA style uses title case, which means that all principal words (nouns, pronouns , verbs, adjectives , adverbs , and some conjunctions ) are capitalized.
This applies to titles of sources as well as the title of, and subheadings in, your paper. Use MLA capitalization style even when the original source title uses different capitalization .
In MLA style , book titles appear in italics, with all major words capitalized. If there is a subtitle, separate it from the main title with a colon and a space (even if no colon appears in the source). For example:
The format is the same in the Works Cited list and in the text itself. However, when you mention the book title in the text, you don’t have to include the subtitle.
The title of a part of a book—such as a chapter, or a short story or poem in a collection—is not italicized, but instead placed in quotation marks.
When a book’s chapters are written by different authors, you should cite the specific chapter you are referring to.
When all the chapters are written by the same author (or group of authors), you should usually cite the entire book, but some styles include exceptions to this.
- In APA Style , single-author books should always be cited as a whole, even if you only quote or paraphrase from one chapter.
- In MLA Style , if a single-author book is a collection of stand-alone works (e.g. short stories ), you should cite the individual work.
- In Chicago Style , you may choose to cite a single chapter of a single-author book if you feel it is more appropriate than citing the whole book.
The title of an article is not italicized in MLA style , but placed in quotation marks. This applies to articles from journals , newspapers , websites , or any other publication. Use italics for the title of the source where the article was published. For example:
Use the same formatting in the Works Cited entry and when referring to the article in the text itself.
The MLA Handbook is currently in its 9th edition , published in 2021.
This quick guide to MLA style explains the latest guidelines for citing sources and formatting papers according to MLA.
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APA Style (7th Edition) Citation Guide: Films/Videos/TV Shows
- Introduction
- Journal Articles
- Magazine/Newspaper Articles
- Books & Ebooks
- Government & Legal Documents
- Biblical Sources
- Secondary Sources
- Films/Videos/TV Shows
- How to Cite: Other
- Additional Help
Table of Contents
Film or Video
Streaming Video From a Website (YouTube, Vimeo, etc.)
Streaming video from a subscription media website (netflix, amazon prime, hulu, etc.), streaming video from a library database, television series episode.
Note: All citations should be double spaced and have a hanging indent in a Reference List.
A "hanging indent" means that each subsequent line after the first line of your citation should be indented by 0.5 inches.
This Microsoft support page contains instructions about how to format a hanging indent in a paper.
Who to Credit - Film or Video
The director should be credited as the author of a film. If the director is unknown, someone in a similar role, such as a producer and/or writer, can be credited. To clarify what role the person has in the production, their job title such as Director is put after their name in round brackets if the job title is known.
Who to Credit - Streaming Video from a Website
For videos from websites such as YouTube or Vimeo, credit the person who posted the content. If a real name is provided, use that followed by the person's user name in square brackets. If the real name of the person who posted the content is not known, just use their user name without brackets.
Note : It is not necessary to specify how you watched a film or video (e.g. motion picture, DVD, streaming online).
In the Body of a Paper
Books, Journals, Reports, Webpages, etc.: When you refer to titles of a “stand-alone work,” as the APA calls them on their APA Style website, such as books, journals, reports, and webpages, you should italicize them. Capitalize words as you would for an article title in a reference, e.g., In the book Crying in H Mart: A memoir , author Michelle Zauner (2021) describes her biracial origin and its impact on her identity.
Article or Chapter: When you refer to the title of a part of a work, such as an article or a chapter, put quotation marks around the title and capitalize it as you would for a journal title in a reference, e.g., In the chapter “Where’s the Wine,” Zauner (2021) describes how she decided to become a musician.
The APA Sample Paper below has more information about formatting your paper.
- APA 7th ed. Sample Paper
Film or Video
When the Director, Producer and/or Writer is known:
Director/Producer/Writer's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if given. (Job Title). (Year film was produced). Title of film: Subtitle if any [Film]. Production Company.
Note: If not produced in the United States, list the city name and the country.
Hallam, J. (Producer, Writer), & Lam, K. (Producer, Director). (2010). Staff relations in healthcare: Working as a team [Film]. Insight Media.
- When you have more than one producer, writer and/or writer to credit, separate the names with a comma and put an ampersand (&) before the last person's last name.
- Serling, R. (Executive Producer). (1959–1964). The twilight zone [TV series]. Cayuga Productions; CBS Productions.
In-Text Paraphrase:
(Producer/Director/Writer's Last Name, Year)
Example: (Hallam & Lam, 2010)
Note: This example has two people to credit, so both last names are given)
In-Text Quote:
(Producer/Director/Writer's Last Name, Year, Timestamp)
Example: (Hallam & Lam, 2010, 2:30)
Note: Because the timestamp serves the same purpose in a video as page numbers, paragraph numbers or section headings, you include it in the in-text citation. Include only the beginning timestamp.
When the Director, Producer and/or Writer is not known: Start the citation with the film title.
Title of film: Subtitle if any [Film]. (Year film was produced). Production Company if Known.
Era of viruses [Film]. (2006). Films for the Humanities and Sciences.
( Title of Film , Year)
Example: ( Era of Viruses , 2006)
Note: Italicize the title of the film and capitalize the words for the in-text citation.
( Title of Film , Year, Timestamp)
Example: ( Era of Viruses , 2006, 40:00)
When the Poster's Name is known:
Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial. of person who posted the video if known. [User name that posted the video]. (Year video was posted, Month Day). Title of video [Video]. Website Name. URL
Note: According to APA, for citing purposes the person who posted the video is credited as the author.
Nye, B. [TheRealBillNye]. (2009, April 8). Bill Nye the science guy on energy [Video]. YouTube. http://youtu.be/0ASLLiuejAo
(Creator's Last Name, Year)
Example: (Nye, 2009)
(Creator's Last Name, Year, timestamp)
Example: (Nye, 2009, 0:55)
When the Poster's Name is not known:
User name that posted the video. (Year video was posted, Month Day). Title of video [Video]. Website Name. URL
All Aces Media. (2012, January 19). Often awesome the series [Video]. Vimeo. http://vimeo.com/35311255
(User name, Year)
Example: (All Aces Media, 2012)
Example: (All Aces Media, 2012, timestamp)
Producer's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if Given. (Producer). (Year of Publication). Title of Video [Video]. Website Name. URL
Note: When you have one producer (Producer) is used after the producer's name. If you have more than one producer use (Producers) instead.
Allen, T., et. al. (Producers). (2017). The story of Diana [Video]. Netflix. http://www.netflix.com
(Producer Last name, Year)
Example: (Allen, et. al., 2017)
(Producer Last name, Year, Timestamp)
Example: (Allen, et. al., 2017, 6:45)
Name of Company/Organization that Provided Content or Creator's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial. if known. (Year video was created, Month Day if known). Title of video [Video]. Database Name.
National Film Board of Canada. (2014). Making movie history: The women [Video]. NFB Campus.
(Name of Company/Organization, Year)
Example: (National Film Board of Canada, 2014)
(Name of Company/Organization, Year, Timestamp)
Writer, Producer and/or Director's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if given. (Job Title) if known. (Year the episode was originally aired). Title of episode (Season No., Episode No.) [TV series episode]. In Executive Producer's First Initial. Last Name (Executive producer) if known, Television series name . Production Company.
Note: For other countries, list the city name and the country.
Young, R. (Writer, Producer, Director). (2010). Flying cheap (Season 2010, Episode 2) [TV series episode]. In Frontline . American University School of Communication's Investigative Reporting Workshop.
(Writer, Producer and/or Director's Last Name, Year)
Example: (Young, 2010)
(Writer, Producer and/or Director's Last Name, Year, Timestamp)
Example: (Young, 2010, 15:38)
Television Series Episode Viewed on a Subscription Media Website
Writer, Producer and/or Director's Last Name, First Initial. Second Initial if given. (Job Title) if known. (Year the episode was originally aired). Title of episode (Season No., Episode No.) [TV series episode]. In Executive Producer's First Initial. Last Name (Executive producer) if known, Television series name . Streaming Video Site. URL
Attenborough, D. (Writer). (2001). Ocean world (Season 1, Episode 1) [TV series episode]. In A. Fothergill (Executive producer), Blue planet: A natural history of the oceans . Netflix. http://www.netflix.com
Example: (Attenborough, 2001)
(Writer, Producer and/or Director's Last Name, Year, Timestamp)
Example: (Attenborough, 2001, 10:12)
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