- Poem Guides
- Poem of the Day
- Collections
- Harriet Books
- Featured Blogger
- Articles Home
- All Articles
- Podcasts Home
- All Podcasts
- Glossary of Poetic Terms
- Poetry Out Loud
- Upcoming Events
- All Past Events
- Exhibitions
- Poetry Magazine Home
- Current Issue
- Poetry Magazine Archive
- Subscriptions
- About the Magazine
- How to Submit
- Advertise with Us
- About Us Home
- Foundation News
- Awards & Grants
- Media Partnerships
- Press Releases
- Newsletters
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://www.poetryfoundation.org/assets/media/images/logo-print.png)
![](http://pechenka.online/777/templates/cheerup1/res/banner1.gif)
Speech: “ Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears ”
(from Julius Caesar , spoken by Marc Antony)
- Share on Twitter
- Share on Facebook
- Print this page
- Email this page
Song of the Witches: “Double, double toil and trouble”
The phoenix and the turtle, sonnet 15: when i consider everything that grows, sonnet 18: shall i compare thee to a summer’s day, sonnet 19: devouring time, blunt thou the lion's paws.
- Audio Poems
- Audio Poem of the Day
- Twitter Find us on Twitter
- Facebook Find us on Facebook
- Instagram Find us on Instagram
- Facebook Find us on Facebook Poetry Foundation Children
- Twitter Find us on Twitter Poetry Magazine
- Privacy Policy
- Terms of Use
- Poetry Mobile App
- 61 West Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60654
- © 2024 Poetry Foundation
While William Shakespeare’s reputation is based primarily on his plays, he became famous first as a poet. With the partial exception of the Sonnets (1609), quarried since the early 19th century for autobiographical secrets allegedly encoded in them, the nondramatic writings have traditionally been pushed...
- Renaissance
![caesar speech Interesting Literature](https://i0.wp.com/interestingliterature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/cropped-IL-logo-final-2.png?fit=499%2C79&ssl=1)
A Short Analysis of Mark Antony’s ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ Speech
By Dr Oliver Tearle (Loughborough University)
Mark Antony’s ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ speech from Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar is a masterclass of irony and the way rhetoric can be used to say one thing but imply something quite different without ever naming it . Mark Antony delivers a funeral speech for Julius Caesar following Caesar’s assassination at the hands of Brutus and the conspirators, but he is only allowed to do so as long as he does not badmouth the conspirators for their role in Caesar’s death.
Antony’s references to Brutus as an honourable man subtly and ingeniously show that Brutus is anything but honourable, while also serving to show that Caesar was not the ambitious man Brutus has painted him to be.
The best way to analyse this key speech from the play is to go through it, summarising it section by section.
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
Mark Antony has ‘read the room’ and knows the mood among the crowd: they still support the assassination of Julius Caesar and so side with Brutus and the other conspirators.
Mark Antony treads carefully, brilliantly going against their expectations and reassuring him that he is simply there to deliver a funeral oration, not to take the dead general’s side (it’s worth remembering that Julius Caesar was a general, not an emperor: although he was called Caesar, he wasn’t ‘a’ Caesar, the name given to later emperors of Rome in his honour).
The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones;
Daniell notes helpfully that these lines, which have become much more famous thanks to Shakespeare’s play, are proverbial and their sentiment (albeit with different wording) predate Shakespeare.
The meaning is obvious enough: when people die, the bad things they did often stick in people’s memories, while their good deeds are forgotten. As Antony goes on to say, ‘So let it be with Caesar’.
Immediately, then, he is cleverly saying that he is happy for everyone to focus on Caesar’s bad points and forget the good the man did; but in referring to the latter, he is subtly reminding them that Caesar did good as well as evil things. (By the way, a note on scansion or metre: because Mark Antony is addressing the crowd using blank verse or unrhymed iambic pentameter , ‘interred’ should be pronounced as three syllables, not two.)
So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it.
Mark Antony now takes up Brutus’ words about Julius Caesar and responds to them. He doesn’t contradict Brutus, but instead uses the subjunctive ‘If’: ‘If it were so’. He refuses to say that Caesar was ambitious, but grants that if it were true, it was a terrible fault.
The purpose of this is to cast doubt on the very idea that Caesar was ambitious (supposedly the very reason for his assassination), but in such a way that doesn’t rub the crowd (which still supports Brutus) up the wrong way. He then goes on to point out, however, that if Caesar was ambitious, he’s now dead, so has ‘answer’d’ or paid the penalty for his fault.
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest– (For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men) Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral.
Mark Antony makes a performative gesture to Brutus’ supposed generosity in letting him, Mark Antony, speak at Caesar’s funeral. He says that such generosity is a sign of Brutus’ honour: he, and the rest of the conspirators, are ‘honourable men’.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man.
Antony now slowly begins to ease in some praise for Caesar, but keeps it personal to him, rather than making grand, universal statements about Caesar’s good qualities: he was his friend, and faithful and just to him . But then, Brutus says Caesar was ambitious, and Brutus is honourable, so ‘I guess I was wrong (but I know I’m not)’. Obviously this last bit is implied, not spoken aloud – but that’s what Mark Antony is building towards.
He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?
Let’s look at what Caesar did: he took many enemies prisoner and brought them here to Rome, and these captives’ ransoms, when paid, helped to make Rome rich. Does this seem ‘ambitious’ behaviour to you?
When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man.
When the poor of the city suffered, Caesar wept with pity for them. Hardly the actions of an ambitious man, who should be harder-hearted than this! But Brutus says Caesar was ambitious, and Brutus is honourable, so … it must be true … right? Note how Antony continues to sow the seeds of doubt in the crowd’s mind.
You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man.
Antony reminds the Romans that at the festival of Lupercalia (held in mid-February, around the same time as our modern Valentine’s Day; so just a month before Caesar was assassinated), he publicly presented Julius Caesar with a crown, but Caesar refused it three times (remember, he was ‘just’ a general, a military leader: not an emperor). Again, Antony appeals to the crowd: does this seem like the action of an ambitious man?
I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know.
Although he clearly is disproving what Brutus claimed of Caesar, Antony maintains that this isn’t his aim: he’s merely telling the truth based on what he knows of Caesar.
You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?
Antony reminds the crowd of Romans that they all loved Caesar once too, and they had reasons for doing so: Caesar was clearly a good leader. So why do they now not mourn for him in death? (Note Antony’s skilful use of ‘cause’ twice here: they loved Caesar with good cause, but what cause is responsible for their failure to shed a tear at his passing?)
O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me.
Observe the clever pun on Brutus’ name in ‘brutish beasts’: Antony stops short of calling Brutus a beast, but it’s clear enough that he thinks the crowd has been manipulated with violent thugs and everyone has lost their ability to think rationally about Caesar. The mob spirit has been fomented and everyone has made Caesar, even in death, the target of their hatred.
Mark Antony brings his ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ speech, a masterly piece of oratory, to a rousing end with an appeal to personal emotion, claiming that seeing Rome so corrupted by hatred and blinded by unreason has broken his heart. He concludes, however, with a final line that offers a glimmer of hope, implying that if Rome would only recover itself, he would be all right again.
You can watch Damian Lewis reciting this famous speech here .
Discover more from Interesting Literature
Subscribe to get the latest posts to your email.
Type your email…
2 thoughts on “A Short Analysis of Mark Antony’s ‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ Speech”
We are going into drama soon and will be studying this speech. You have brought to my attention aspects I had noticed, even though I have taught it for years. Thanks!
Thanks for the comment, Pam – that’s praise indeed! I hope you have a fruitful discussion :)
Comments are closed.
Subscribe now to keep reading and get access to the full archive.
Continue reading
Friends, Romans, countrymen
“Friends, Romans, countrymen” is a quote William Shakespeare used in Act III, Scene 2 of Julius Caesar, his most commonly read history play.
These three lines are perhaps the three most famous in all of Shakespeare’s dramatic works. They are filled with emotion and begin a speech that has commonly been compared to the most effective real-world political speeches in history.
Explore Friends, Romans, countrymen
- 1 “Friends, Romans, countrymen” Meaning
- 2 Where Does Shakespeare Use “Friends, Romans, countrymen?”
- 3 Why Does Shakespeare Use “Friends, Romans, countrymen?”
- 4 Other Julius Caesar Quotes
- 5 Other Resources
![Friends, Romans, countrymen Friends, Romans, countrymen](https://ei7cr2pn3uw.exactdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Friends-Romans-countrymen-1024x512.jpg?strip=all&lossy=1&ssl=1)
“Friends, Romans, countrymen” Meaning
“Friends, Romans, countrymen” is an address that Mark Antony uses in the history play , Julius Caesar . It begins with one of the most famous speeches in all of William Shakespeare’s dramatic works.
He uses the three-word opener to unify the crowd before he begins to describe Caesar’s death, purported ambition, and his opinion of Brutus. The crowd is immediately drawn to his side after he addresses them as equals.
Where Does Shakespeare Use “Friends, Romans, countrymen?”
William Shakespeare used this quote in Act III, Scene 2 of Julius Caesar. It appears in line 82 of that act and is spoken by Mark Antony at the beginning of his famous eulogy . He is speaking at Julius Caesar’s funeral, attempting to share his beliefs about the leader’s death and rouse the crowd against the conspirators who assassinated him, while at the same time not appearing to do so.
Here is the quote in context :
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interrèd with their bones. So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious. If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answered it.
In the next lines, Antony shares his opinion of Brutus, albeit sarcastically. He says:
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest (For Brutus is an honorable man; So are they all, all honorable men), Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral.
His description of Brutus’ honor continues. He adds (first about Caesar), “He was my friend, faithful and just to me, / But Brutus says he was ambitious, / And Brutus is an honorable man.” His repetition of the word “honor” is quite obvious, even to the crowd listening to the speech. As he progresses, it becomes clear that he’s using the word sarcastically. He also says:
When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man.
Here, he reminds the crowd that everything Caesar did, he did for Rome. He cried when the public cried, and he wanted the best for his people. Yet, he adds, “Brutus says he was ambitious.” He is putting Brutus’ statements at odds with what the crowd knows for a fact about Caesar. The final lines of the speech read:
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him? O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me.
Once again, Antony uses the word “honorable.” He tells the crowd, sarcastically, that he is not there to “disprove what Brutus spoke.” He’s there to speak about Caesar and honor his legacy. It is the latter who had true honor, he’s implying, not his assassins.
Antony’s emotions in this speech come through quite clearly. They are honest, and the crowd interprets them as such. This presents a strong contrast against Brutus’ flimsy depiction of Caesar as “ambitious.” The speech ends in line 108 when Antony says that he has to pause for a moment in order to regain his composure. He says he has to wait till his heart comes back to him, as it is too tied up in his love for Caesar and is resting along with the leader in his coffin.
Why Does Shakespeare Use “Friends, Romans, countrymen?”
Shakespeare includes these words at the beginning of a speech delivered by Mark Antony at Caesar’s funeral. Although Antony is at odds with Brutus (and the conspirators) who murdered his friend and the leader of Rome, he’s allowed to speak (as long as he doesn’t blame those truly responsible for Caesar’s death in the speech). He immediately unites the crowd by saying that they are all “Friends,” “Romans,” and “countrymen.” They should be united in the same purpose, just not the one Brutus believes in.
Brutus believes that letting Antony, someone who was close to Caesar, speak at his funeral will make the country’s leadership appear unified. But, Antony is far cleverer than Brutus believed. Through the speech, Antony proves his resilience and wit . As the speech progresses and he continues to call Brutus and the conspirators “honorable men,” it becomes increasingly obvious that he is being sarcastic .
Following the opening lines of the speech, Antony refutes the idea that Caesar was rightfully killed due to his ambition. He says that the leader’s actions were only for the good of the Roman people. A few lines later, as he becomes overwhelmed in his grief for his lost friend and the crowd begins to turn against the conspirators.
This is all within Antony’s plan. Previously, he revealed through a monologue (one that the audience watching the play would be aware of, but Brutus would not be) that he intended to rouse the crowd against the conspirators. In this previous impassioned soliloquy , he used the famous lines:
Cry ‘Havoc,’ and let slip the dogs of war; That this foul deed shall smell above the earth.
Other Julius Caesar Quotes
- “ Cowards die many times before their deaths; the valiant never taste of death but once ” – a quote used in William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar , in Act II, Scene 2.
- “ The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interrèd with their bones ” – a quote spoken by Mark Antony. It is appears to be about Caesar but is actually about Brutus. It is used in Act III, Scene 2 of Julius Caesar.
- “ Beware the ides of March ” – a quote spoken by the Soothsayer to Julius Caesar in regard to his fate. It is used in Act I, Scene 2 of Julius Caesar. “ Cry ‘Havoc,’ and let slip the dogs of war ” – a quote used in Act III, Scene 1 of Julius Caesar . Mark Antony speaks it in regard to his plans to rouse the crowd against the men who killed Caesar.
Other Resources
- Read: Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare
- Read: Beware the Ides of march. But Why?
- Watch: Julius Caesar 1970 Film
Home » Shakespeare Quotes » Friends, Romans, countrymen
The Definitive Literary Glossary Crafted by Experts
All terms defined are created by a team of talented literary experts, to provide an in-depth look into literary terms and poetry, like no other.
Cite This Page
Baldwin, Emma. "Friends, Romans, countrymen". Poem Analysis , https://poemanalysis.com/shakespeare-quotes/friends-romans-countrymen/ . Accessed 21 June 2024.
![caesar speech Poem Analysis Logo](https://ei7cr2pn3uw.exactdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Poem-Analysis-Logo-Sized.png?strip=all&lossy=1&ssl=1)
Help Center
Request an Analysis
(not a member? Join now)
Poem PDF Guides
PDF Learning Library
Poetry + Newsletter
Poetry Archives
Poetry Explained
Poet Biographies
Useful Links
Poem Explorer
Poem Generator
Poem Solutions Limited, International House, 36-38 Cornhill, London, EC3V 3NG, United Kingdom
Discover and learn about the greatest poetry, straight to your inbox
Unlock the Secrets to Poetry
![caesar speech No Sweat Shakespeare](https://nosweatshakespeare.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/NSS-logo-V4.png)
‘Friends, Romans, Countrymen’ Speech Analysis
Read the ‘ Friends, Romans, countrymen’ Julius Caesar monologue below with a modern English translation & analysis:
Spoken by Marc Antony, Julius Caesar, Act 3 Scene 2
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest– For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men– Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him? O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me.
‘Friends, Romans, countrymen’ Monologue Translation
Friends, Romans and countrymen, please give me your close attention. I’ve come to attend Caesar’s funeral, not to praise him. I would like to say that the bad things one does live on in people’s memories; the good is often buried with their bodies. Let that be the Case with Caesar.
The noble Brutus has told you that Caesar was ambitious. If that was so it was a very serious failing, and it has had a serious consequence for him.
With Brutus and the others’ permission – for Brutus is an honourable man, and all the others are too – I have come to speak at Caesar’s funeral
He was a faithful and honest friend to me: but Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honourable man. He brought many captive prisoners back to Rome, whose ransoms filled the treasury. Does that seem like ambition?
When the poor have cried, Caesar has wept. Ambition is supposed to be something harder than that. Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honourable man.
You all saw how, on the Lupercal public holiday, I offered him a royal crown three times, which he rejected each time. Was that ambition? And yet Brutus says he was ambitious, and one sure thing is that Brutus is an honourable man.
I’m not trying to contradict the things Brutus said, but I’m here to speak about what I know.
You all loved him once, with good reason. What reason now stops you from mourning for him? Oh, what’s happened to judgment? It’s gone to wild animals and men have lost their reason. Excuse me, give me a moment. My emotions are overwhelming at the sight of Caesar’s body and I must pause till I’ve recovered.
Read Shakespeare monologues >> Read Shakespeare soliloquies >>
Watch & Listen To Marc Antony’s ‘Friends, Romans, Countrymen’ Speech
See All Julius Caesar Resources
Julius Caesar | Julius Caesar summary | Julius Caesar characters | Julius Caesar settings | Julius Caesar in modern English | Julius Caesar full text | Modern Julius Caesar ebook | Julius Caesar for kids ebooks | Julius Caesar quotes | Julius Caesar quote translations | Julius Caesar monologues | Julius Caesar soliloquies
this quote is one of the best quote by shakespeare…………
This is a monologue but does ‘t suit for character enactment. Yet it is better than other sources if compared….but still it gives me idea of what i can imagine about mark antony
The information you have posted is very useful. The sites you have referred was good. Thanks for sharing
Leave a Reply
Leave a reply cancel reply.
Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *
Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
![caesar speech follow on facebook](https://nosweatshakespeare.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/follow_facebook-e1600705223222.jpg)
- National Poetry Month
- Materials for Teachers
- Literary Seminars
- American Poets Magazine
![](http://pechenka.online/777/templates/cheerup1/res/banner1.gif)
Main navigation
- Academy of American Poets
User account menu
![caesar speech Poets.org](https://poets.org/themes/custom/stanza/assets/images/optimized/hero/Large-White-RGB-Poets.org-Logo.png)
Find and share the perfect poems.
Page submenu block
- literary seminars
- materials for teachers
- poetry near you
Julius Caesar, Act III, Scene II [Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears]
Add to anthology.
Antony speaks at Caesar’s funeral
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. I have come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interrèd with their bones. So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious. If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answered it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest (For Brutus is an honorable man; So are they all, all honorable men), Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me, But Brutus says he was ambitious, And Brutus is an honorable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome, Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill. Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept; Ambition should be made of sterner stuff. Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, And Brutus is an honorable man. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse. Was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, And sure he is an honorable man. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. You all did love him once, not without cause. What cause withholds you, then, to mourn for him?— O judgment, thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason!—Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me.
This poem is in the public domain.
More by this poet
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun (sonnet 130).
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight
Julius Caesar, Act III, Scene I [O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth]
Antony speaks over Caesar's body
The Merchant of Venice, Act IV, Scene I [The quality of mercy is not strained]
The quality of mercy is not strained; It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven Upon the place beneath. It is twice blest; It blesseth him that gives and him that takes: 'T is mightiest in the mightiest; it becomes The throned monarch better than his crown: His sceptre shows the force of temporal power,
Newsletter Sign Up
- Academy of American Poets Newsletter
- Academy of American Poets Educator Newsletter
- Teach This Poem
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://www.americanrhetoric.com/images/ARLogoMovieSpeeches.jpg)
:
: Gentle Romans. Gentle Romans, hear me. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears! I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them. The good is oft interred with their bones. So let it be with Caesar. The noble Caesar was ambitious. If it were so, it was a grievous fault, and grievously hath Caesar answered it.
I thrice presented him a kingly crown -- which he did thrice refuse! Was this ambition?
: Methinks there is much reason in his saying. : If thou consider rightly of the matter, Caesar has had great wrong. : Has he, masters? I fear there will a worse come in his place. : Marked ye his words? He would not take the crown. Therefore 'tis certain he was not ambitious. : If it be found so, some will dear abide it. : Poor soul. His eyes are red as fire with weeping.
: But yesterday the word of Caesar might have stood against the world. Now lies he there and none so poor to do him reverence. Oh masters, if I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong -- who, you all know, are honorable men. I will not do them wrong. I rather choose to wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you, than I will wrong such honorable men. But here's the parchment with the seal of Caesar. I found it in his closet. 'Tis his will. Let but the commons hear this testament which, pardon me, I do not mean to read -- and they would go and kiss dead Caesar's wounds, and dip their napkins in his sacred blood; yea, beg a hair of him for memory, and, dying, mention it within their wills, bequeathing it as a rich legacy unto their issue.
: We'll hear the will. Read it, Mark Antony. : We will hear Caesar's will. The will, the will! We will hear Caesar's will. : Have patience, gentle friends. I must not read it. It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you. You are not wood; you are not stones, but men; and, being men, hearing the will of Caesar, it will inflame you; it will make you mad. 'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs. For, if you should, oh, what would come of it! : Read the will; we'll hear it, Antony. You shall read us the will, Caesar's will. : Will you be patient? Will you stay awhile? I have o'ershot myself to tell you of it. I fear I wrong the honorable men whose daggers have stabbed Caesar. : They were traitors! "Honorable men." : You will compel me, then, to read the will? Then make a ring around the corpse of Caesar, and let me show you him that made the will. Shall I descend, and will you give me leave? : Come down. : If you have tears, prepare to shed them now. You all do know this mantle. I remember the first time ever Caesar put it on. 'Twas on a summer's evening in his tent, that day he overcame the . Look, in this place ran Cassius' dagger through. See what a rent the envious made. Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabbed, and as he plucked his cursed steel away, mark how the blood of Caesar followed it, as rushing out of doors, to be resolved if Brutus so unkindly knocked, or no. For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel. Judge, oh ye gods, how dearly Caesar loved him. This was the most unkindest cut of all. For when the noble Caesar saw him stab, ingratitude, more strong than traitors' arms, quite vanquished him. Then burst his mighty heart. And in his mantle muffling up his face, even at the base of Pompey's statue, which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell. Oh, what a fall was there, my countrymen. Then I, and you, and all of us fell down, whilst bloody treason flourished over us.
: Oh, noble Caesar! : Oh, most bloody sight! : Traitors. Villains. : We will be revenged! : Let not a traitor live! : Stay, countrymen! Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up to such a sudden flood of mutiny. They that have done this deed are honorable. What private griefs they have, alas, I know not that made them do it. They are wise and honorable, and will, no doubt, with reasons answer you. I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts. I am no orator, as Brutus is; but, as you know me all, a plain blunt man that loved my friend. And that they know full well that gave me public leave to speak of him. For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth, action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech to stir men's blood. I only speak right on. I tell you that which you yourselves do know. Show you sweet Caesar's wounds, poor poor dumb mouths, and bid them speak for me. But were I Brutus, and Brutus Antony, there were an Antony would ruffle up your spirits and put a tongue in every wound of Caesar that should move the stones of Rome to rise in mutiny. : Mutiny! : Yet hear me, countrymen. Yet hear me speak. Why, friends, you go to do you know not what. Wherein hath Caesar thus deserved your loves? Alas, you know not. I must tell you then, you've forgot the will I told you of. Here is the will, and under Caesar's seal. To every Roman citizen he gives, to every several man, seventy-five drachmas.
|
|
![caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/cropped-cropped-ayli_poss_life_schooldays1-1jpeg.jpeg?w=300)
The Shakespearean Student
For shakespeare lovers of any age.
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/cropped-ayli_poss_life_schooldays1-1jpeg.jpeg)
Close Reading: Friends, Romans, Countrymen
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/1190d254-bbd0-4cd2-8208-2c3c1988be9b-1302-000001310864f7fd.jpg?w=764)
Today I’m going to do an analysis of one of the most famous speeches in all of Shakespeare: Antony’s Funeral Speech in Act III, Scene ii of Julius Caesar, commonly known as the “Friends, Romans, Countrymen” speech.
I. Given Circumstances
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/eb1acd48-eb6f-4aee-ba8b-2bd25a4d7456-1302-000001336c45e8d1-1.jpg?w=764)
Antony is already in a very precarious position. His best friend Julius Caesar was murdered by the senators of Rome. Antony wants vengeance, but he can’t do so by himself. He’s also surrounded by a mob, and Brutus just got them on his side with a very convincing speech. They already hate Antony and Caesar. His goal- win them back. Here is a clip of Brutus (James Mason) speaking to the crowd from the Joseph Mankewitz movie version of Julius Caesar:
So the stakes are very high for Antony: If he succeeds, the crowd will avenge Caesar, and Antony will take control of Rome. If he fails, he will be lynched by an angry mob.
II. Textual Clues
If you notice in the text of the speech below, Antony never overtly says: “Brutus was a liar and a traitor, and Caesar must be avenged,” but that is exactly what he gets the crowd to do. So how does he get them to do so, right after Brutus got them on his side?
Antony . You gentle Romans,— 1615 Citizens . Peace, ho! let us hear him. Antony . Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; 1620 So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer’d it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest— 1625 For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men— Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; 1630 And Brutus is an honourable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: 1635 Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, 1640 Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. 1645 You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him? O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, 1650 And I must pause till it come back to me. First Citizen . Methinks there is much reason in his sayings. Julius Caesar Act III, Scene ii.
The two main methods Shakespeare uses to infuse Antony’s speech with powerful persuasive energy are the way he writes the verse, and his command of rhetoric.
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/img_7458.jpg?w=84&h=150)
The greatest gift Shakespeare ever gave his actors was to write his plays in blank verse. It not only tells you which words are important to stress, it gives you clues about the character’s emotional journey; just as a person’s heartbeat can indicate their changes in mood, a subtle change in verse often betrays the character’s pulse and state of mind. Antony uses his own emotions and his powers of persuasion to manipulate the crowd, so his verse helps show how he changes the pulse of the Roman mob.
I could write a whole post on the verse in this page, which I don’t need to do, since The Shakespeare Resource Center did it for me: http://www.bardweb.net/content/readings/caesar/lines.html What I will do is draw attention to some major changes in the verse and put my own interpretations on how Antony is using the verse to persuade the crowd:
- The first line of the speech grabs your attention. It is not a standard iambic pentameter line, which makes it rhythmically more interesting. In the movie version, Marlin Brando as Antony shouts each word to demand the crowd to just lend him their attention for a little while. He uses the verse to emphasize Antony’s frustration.
- “The Evil that men do, lives after them”- Notice that the words evil and men are in the stressed position. Antony might be making a subconscious attempt to say Brutus and the other evil men who took the life of Caesar are living, when they deserve to die.
- “ If it were so..” Again, Antony might be making a subtle jab at the conspirators. Brutus said Caesar was ambitious and Antony agrees that ambition is worthy of death, but he also adds an If, to plant the seeds of doubt in the crowd’s minds. To drive it home, the word if is in the stressed position, making it impossible for the crowd to not consider the possibility that Caesar wasn’t ambitious, and thus, didn’t deserve to be murdered.
B. Rhetoric
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/9711efa7-e2db-4f9e-b5db-d8feedde7119-1302-000001312dbb8175.jpg?w=764)
One reason why this speech is so famous is its clever use of rhetoric, the art of persuasive speaking. Back in ancient Rome, aristocrats like Antony were groomed since birth in the art of persuasive speech. Shakespeare himself studied rhetoric at school, so he knew how to write powerful persuasive speeches. Here’s a basic breakdown of the tactics Antony and Shakespeare use in the speech:
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/9cb3b3d1-b46d-42e4-9111-8f7949034f1f-2865-000002664e5e0a6b.jpg?w=764)
Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
The three basic ingredients of any persuasive speech are Ethos, Pathos, and Logos. Ethos is an appeal to the audience based on the speaker’s authority. Pathos is an appeal to the emotions of the crowd, and Logos is an appeal to facts and or reason. Both Brutus and Antony employ these three rhetorical tactics, but Antony doesn’t just appeal to his audience, he manipulates them to commit mutiny and mob rule.
Logos Antony has very few facts or logical information in his speech. His major argument is that again, since Caesar wasn’t ambitious, (which is very hard to prove), his death was a crime. Antony cites as proof the time Cæsar refused a crown at the Lupercal, but since that was a public performance, it’s hardly a reliable indication of Caesar’s true feelings.
You see logos as a rhetorical technique all the time whenever you watch a commercial citing leading medical studies, or a political debate where one person uses facts to justify his or her position. If you look at Hillary Clinton during the 2016 Presidental Debate, she frequently cited statistics to back up her political positions
Ethos is an argument based on the speaker’s authority. Brutus’ main tactic in his speech is to establish himself as Caesar’s friend and Rome’s. He says that he didn’t kill Caesar out of malice, but because he cared more about the people of Rome.
BRUTUS: If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Caesar’s, to him I say, that Brutus’ love to Caesar was no less than his. If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: –Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. JC, III.ii.
Antony employs the exact same tactics, establishing himself as Caesar’s friend and telling the crowd that, as Caesar’s friend, Antony believes that Caesar did not deserve his murder. His use of Ethos therefore, helps Antony refute Brutus’ main claim.
Again, the 2016 debate is another excellent way of showing ethos in action. Hillary Clinton and Brutus frequently cited their political experience and their strength of character to justify their views. There’s an excellent article that examines Hillary’s use of Ethos in her political rhetoric: https://eidolon.pub/hillary-clintons-rhetorical-persona-9af06a3c4b03
Pathos is the most frequently used rhetorical tactic: the appeal to emotion. Donald Trump uses this constantly, as you can see in this clip from the 2016 debate:
https://youtu.be/wMuyBOeSQVs
Pathos is bit more of a dirty trick than Ethos and Logos, which is why Brutus doesn’t use it much. As scholar Andy Gurr writes:
Brutus is a stern philosopher and thinker. His faith in reason fails to secure the crowd from Antony’s disingenuous appeal to their affections, which uses sharp sarcasm and some twisted facts.
Antony’s major appeals to emotion:
- His grief over losing Caesar
- His painting of Cæsar as a generous, faithful friend
- Shaming the crowd for not mourning Caesar’s death
- Appeal to piety by showing the body funeral reverence.
- His use of Caesar’s bloody body and mantle to provoke outrage from the citizens.
- His use of Caesar’s will to make the crowd grateful to Caesar, and furious at Brutus.
Rhetorical Devices
If Ethos, Pathos, and Logos are the strategies of rhetorical arguments, rhetorical devices are the artillery. If you check out the website Silva Rhetoricae, (The Forest Of Rhetoric), you can read about the hundreds of individual rhetorical devices that politicians have used in speeches and debates since ancient history. I will summarize here the main ones Antony uses over and over again in “Friends, Romans, Countrymen.” For another more compete analysis, click here: https://eavice.wordpress.com/2011/02/05/jv-rhetorical-devices-in-antonys-funerary-speech-from-shakespeares-julius-caesar/
- Irony The way Antony keeps repeating “Brutus is an honorable man,” is a particularly sinister form of irony, which here means to imply the opposite of what you have said to mock or discredit your opponent. The irony is that the more Antony repeats this idea that Brutus is honorable, the more the crowd will question it. If Brutus were truly honorable, he would not need Antony to remind them. Of course, Brutus can still be honorable whether Anthony mentions it or not, but this repetition, coupled with Antony’s subtle rebuttals Of Brutus’ arguments, manages to shatter both Brutus’ motives, and his good name, at least in the eyes of his countrymen.
- Antimetabole is the clever use of the same word in two different ways. Antony manages to work it in twice in this speech:
- “If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
- And grievou sly hath Caesar answer’d it.”
- “You all did love him once, not without cause : What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him?”
- Rhetorical question This is the most famous rhetorical device which by the way in Antony’s day would have been known as Erotema. Antony asks a series of questions designed to refute the notion that Caesar was ambitious, from his mercy to his captives, to Caesar’s tenderness to the poor, and of course his refusal to take the crown during the Lupercal. Each question calls Brutus’ claims into question and seeds doubt in the crowd.
Performance Notes with link to Globe performance
https://youtu.be/1RL8Wg-b8k
Unlike most Shakespearean plays, with Julius Caesar, we have an eyewitness account of how the play was originally performed. Swiss student Thomas Platter wrote a long description of watching the play at the original Globe Theatre in 1599. This is a translation that I found on The Shakespeare Blog:
On September 21st after lunch, about two o’clock, I and my party crossed the water, and there in the house with the thatched roof witnessed an excellent performance of the tragedy of the first Emperor Julius Caesar, with a cast of some fifteen people; when the play was over they danced very marvellously and gracefully together as is their wont, two dressed as men and two as women… Thus daily at two in the afternoon, London has sometimes three plays running in different places, competing with each other, and those which play best obtain most spectators. The playhouses are so constructed that they play on a raised platform, so that everyone has a good view. There are different galleries and places, however, where the seating is better and more comfortable and therefore more expensive. For whoever cares to stand below only pays one English penny, but if he wishes to sit he enters by another door, and pays another penny, while if he desires to sit in the most comfortable seats which are cushioned, where he not only sees everything well, but can also be seen, then he pays yet another English penny at another door. And during the performance food and drink are carried round the audience, so that for what one cares to pay one may also have refreshment. The actors are most expensively costumed for it is the English usage for eminent Lords or Knights at their decease to bequeath and leave almost the best of their clothes to their serving men, which it is unseemly for the latter to wear, so that they offer them for sale for a small sum of money to the actors. Thomas Platter, 1599, reprinted from: http://theshakespeareblog.com/2012/09/thomas-platters-visit-to-shakespeares-theatre/
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/11e34777-81fa-4026-8ed0-64711385cc4b-566-000000250ee0018a.jpg?w=764)
So the conclusions we can draw based on Platter’s account include that Antony was standing on a mostly bare stage with a thatched roof, raised slightly off the ground. We can also guess that, since the merchants were selling beer, fruits, and ale, that the audience might have been drunk or throwing things at the actors.
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/f09f73eb-7f14-4be9-903f-f1137e4b046b-566-00000026fe81287a.jpg?w=764)
As Platter notes, and this page from Shakespeare’s First Folio confirms, there were only 15 actors in the original cast, so Shakespeare’s company didn’t have a huge cast to play the gigantic crowd in the Roman street. In all probability, the audience is the mob, and Antony is talking right to them when he calls them “Friends, Romans, Countrymen.” I believe that the audience was probably encouraged to shout, chant, boo, cheer, and become a part of the performance which is important to emphasize when talking about how to portray this scene onstage. A director can choose whether or not to make the audience part of the action in a production of Julius Caesar , which can allow the audience to get a visceral understanding of the persuasive power of politicians like Brutus and Antony. Alternatively, the director can choose instead to have actors play the crowd, and allow the audience to scrutinize the crowd as well as the politicians.
In conclusion, the reason this speech is famous is Shakespeare did an excellent job of encapsulating the power of persuassive speech that the real Antony must have had, as he in no small way used that power to spur the Roman crowd to mutiny and vengeance, and began to turn his country from a dying republic into a mighty empire.
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/the-violent-rehtoric-of.png?w=764)
If you liked this post, please consider signing up for my online class where I cover the rhetorical devices in Julius Caesar and compare them with several other famous speeches. Register now at http://www.outschool.com
◦ Interview with Patterson Joseph and Ray Fearon RSC: https://youtu.be/v5UTRSzuajo
1. Annotated Julius Caesar: https://sites.google.com/site/annotatedjuliuscaesar/act-3/3-2-57-109
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/img_7456.jpg?w=764)
2. Folger Shakespeare Library: Julius Caesar Lesson Plan: https://teachingshakespeareblog.folger.edu/2014/04/29/friends-romans-teachers-send-me-your-speeches/
3. Silva Rhetoric http://rhetoric.byu.edu/
3. Rhetoric in Marc Antony Speech
https://www.google.com/amp/s/eavice.wordpress.com/2011/02/05/jv-rhetorical-devices-in-antonys-funerary-speech-from-shakespeares-julius-caesar/amp/
4. Shakespeare Resource Center: http://www.bardweb.net/content/readings/caesar/lines.html
Share this:
4 thoughts on “ close reading: friends, romans, countrymen ”.
I learned a lot from this! I especially liked the examples of rethoric in the Pres debate and the RSC African version of JC.
If you liked this post, you can learn more about Julius Caesar in my online course: “The Violent Rhetoric Of Julius Caesar.” Register now at Outschool.com.
Like Liked by 1 person
- Pingback: Announcing ROMAN MONTH! – The Shakespearean Student
- Pingback: New Class: THe Violent Rhetoric Of “Julius CaeasAr” (Flex Schedule Edition – The Shakespearean Student
Leave a comment Cancel reply
![caesar speech ' src=](https://shakespeareanstudent.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/7d80c6a1-ca23-4ddc-8dc9-ce55f3d45ce0.jpg?w=50)
- Already have a WordPress.com account? Log in now.
- Subscribe Subscribed
- Copy shortlink
- Report this content
- View post in Reader
- Manage subscriptions
- Collapse this bar
Julius Caesar Act 3 Scene 2
Julius caesar act 3 scene 2 lyrics.
How to Format Lyrics:
- Type out all lyrics, even repeating song parts like the chorus
- Lyrics should be broken down into individual lines
- Use section headers above different song parts like [Verse], [Chorus], etc.
- Use italics ( <i>lyric</i> ) and bold ( <b>lyric</b> ) to distinguish between different vocalists in the same song part
- If you don’t understand a lyric, use [?]
To learn more, check out our transcription guide or visit our transcribers forum
Brutus delivers a speech justifying the murder of Caesar to the Roman public, which applauds him and offers to crown him as they wished to crown Caesar. Antony arrives, and Brutus asks the crowd to hear him speak.
In the famous “Friends, Romans, countrymen” speech, Antony walks a fine line, insisting that the assassins are all “honorable men” while keeping the emphasis on Caesar’s virtue, compassion, and supposed lack of ambition. The crowd begins to turn against the assassins. Antony mourns over Caesar’s wounded body (“This was the most unkindest cut of all”), further firing up the crowd.
With a flourish, Antony then reads from Caesar’s will, which bequeaths money to every citizen of Rome. The crowd begins to riot and goes off to burn the assassins' homes.
A servant informs Antony that Octavius Caesar has arrived in Rome, and that Brutus and Cassius have been driven out of the city. A triumphant Antony goes to join Octavius.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7X9C55TkUP8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bi1PvXCbr8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Q7apiYunEU
Find answers to frequently asked questions about the song and explore its deeper meaning
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://images.genius.com/09817064d23d7d759378e5b59b04199d.615x1000x1.jpg)
- 1. Julius Caesar (Characters of the Play)
- 2. Julius Caesar Act 1 Scene 1
- 3. Julius Caesar Act 1 Scene 2
- 4. Julius Caesar Act 1 Scene 3
- 5. Julius Caesar Act 2 Scene 1
- 6. Julius Caesar Act 2 Scene 2
- 7. Julius Caesar Act 2 Scene 3
- 8. Julius Caesar Act 2 Scene 4
- 9. Julius Caesar Act 3 Scene 1
- 10. Julius Caesar Act 3 Scene 2
- 11. Julius Caesar Act 3 Scene 3
- 12. Julius Caesar Act 4 Scene 1
- 13. Julius Caesar Act 4 Scene 2
- 14. Julius Caesar Act 4 Scene 3
- 15. Julius Caesar Act 5 Scene 1
- 16. Julius Caesar Act 5 Scene 2
- 17. Julius Caesar Act 5 Scene 3
- 18. Julius Caesar Act 5 Scene 4
- 19. Julius Caesar Act 5 Scene 5
- Friends, Romans, Countrymen
Genius is the world’s biggest collection of song lyrics and musical knowledge
Julius Caesar
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://assets.litcharts.com/assets/reskin/mobile-menu/pdf-fan-dfd1c1a7ddc45b11f06d3dcff0a4d52c148abd2b517bf3a410f632ecb66bd51d.png)
Julius Caesar Shakescleare Translation
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://assets.litcharts.com/shakespeare-translations/pdf-fan-images/julius-caesar.png)
LitCharts |
![caesar speech The LitCharts Shakespeare translation of Julius Caesar](https://assets.litcharts.com/shakespeare-translations/pdf-fan-images/julius-caesar.png)
- Downloadable translations of all 37 Shakespeare plays (plus his sonnets).
- Downloads of 1,953 LitCharts Lit Guides.
- Teacher Editions for every Lit Guide.
- Explanations and citation info for 43,190 quotes across 1953 books.
- PDFs explaining 136 Literary Terms.
Julius Caesar Translation Table of Contents
“Beware the Ides of March!” the Soothsayer warns Caesar in one of Shakespeare’s most famous lines. In Julius Caesar , a historical tragedy, Shakespeare recounts the fall of one of Ancient Rome’s most famous generals, who was instrumental in creating the Roman Empire. Brutus and Cassius hatch a deadly plot against Caesar, and not even Caesar’s champion, Mark Antony, can save him. Julius Caesar features political rivalry and intrigue, and culminates with Antony and Octavius’ final triumph over the rebellious plotters. The Shakescleare modern English translation of Julius Caesar will help you understand the play’s most notable lines, like “The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, / But in ourselves” and Antony’s famous speech “Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.”
Act 1, Scene 1
Act 1, scene 2, act 1, scene 3, act 2, scene 1, act 2, scene 2, act 2, scene 3, act 2, scene 4, act 3, scene 1, act 3, scene 2, act 3, scene 3, act 4, scene 1, act 4, scene 2, act 4, scene 3, act 5, scene 1, act 5, scene 2, act 5, scene 3, act 5, scene 4, act 5, scene 5.
![caesar speech The LitCharts.com logo.](https://assets.litcharts.com/assets/reskin/small-logo-and-wordmark-a-plus-83548be00983d87610186203b69ca75b45d421f8322f657c1cbfcae18e35bbe3.png)
Website navigation
![caesar speech The Folger Shakespeare](https://www.folger.edu/themes/childtheme//assets/images/fs-logo.png)
Julius Caesar - Entire Play
Download julius caesar.
Last updated: Fri, Jul 31, 2015
- PDF Download as PDF
- DOC (for MS Word, Apple Pages, Open Office, etc.) without line numbers Download as DOC (for MS Word, Apple Pages, Open Office, etc.) without line numbers
- DOC (for MS Word, Apple Pages, Open Office, etc.) with line numbers Download as DOC (for MS Word, Apple Pages, Open Office, etc.) with line numbers
- HTML Download as HTML
- TXT Download as TXT
- XML Download as XML
- TEISimple XML (annotated with MorphAdorner for part-of-speech analysis) Download as TEISimple XML (annotated with MorphAdorner for part-of-speech analysis)
Navigate this work
Caesar’s assassination is just the halfway point of Julius Caesar . The first part of the play leads to his death; the second portrays the consequences. As the action begins, Rome prepares for Caesar’s triumphal entrance. Brutus, Caesar’s friend and ally, fears that Caesar will become king, destroying the republic. Cassius and others convince Brutus to join a conspiracy to kill Caesar.
On the day of the assassination, Caesar plans to stay home at the urging of his wife, Calphurnia. A conspirator, Decius Brutus, persuades him to go to the Senate with the other conspirators and his friend, Mark Antony. At the Senate, the conspirators stab Caesar to death. Antony uses a funeral oration to turn the citizens of Rome against them. Brutus and Cassius escape as Antony joins forces with Octavius Caesar.
Encamped with their armies, Brutus and Cassius quarrel, then agree to march on Antony and Octavius. In the battle which follows, Cassius, misled by erroneous reports of loss, persuades a slave to kill him; Brutus’s army is defeated. Brutus commits suicide, praised by Antony as “the noblest Roman of them all.”
Stay connected
Find out what’s on, read our latest stories, and learn how you can get involved.
| |
|
Total: 194 • • | ||
(Click to see in context) | ||
|
| What man is that? A soothsayer bids you beware the ides of March. |
|
| Will you go see the order of the course? Not I. |
|
| I pray you, do. I am not gamesome: I do lack some part |
|
| Brutus, I do observe you now of late: Cassius, |
|
| Then, Brutus, I have much mistook your passion; No, Cassius; for the eye sees not itself, |
|
| 'Tis just: Into what dangers would you lead me, Cassius, |
|
| Flourish, and shout What means this shouting? I do fear, the people |
|
| Ay, do you fear it? I would not, Cassius; yet I love him well. |
|
| Shout. Flourish Another general shout! |
|
| Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world That you do love me, I am nothing jealous; |
|
| I am glad that my weak words The games are done and Caesar is returning. |
|
| Re-enter CAESAR and his Train I will do so. But, look you, Cassius, |
|
| You pull'd me by the cloak; would you speak with me? Ay, Casca; tell us what hath chanced to-day, |
|
| Why, you were with him, were you not? I should not then ask Casca what had chanced. |
|
| Why, there was a crown offered him: and being What was the second noise for? |
|
| Why, for that too. Was the crown offered him thrice? |
|
| Why, Antony. Tell us the manner of it, gentle Casca. |
|
| He fell down in the market-place, and foamed at 'Tis very like: he hath the failing sickness. |
|
| I know not what you mean by that; but, I am sure, What said he when he came unto himself? |
|
| Marry, before he fell down, when he perceived the And after that, he came, thus sad, away? |
|
| Exit What a blunt fellow is this grown to be! |
|
| So is he now in execution And so it is. For this time I will leave you: |
|
| Enter BRUTUS What, Lucius, ho! |
|
| Call'd you, my lord? Get me a taper in my study, Lucius: |
|
| Exit It must be by his death: and for my part, |
|
| Gives him the letter Get you to bed again; it is not day. |
|
| I know not, sir. Look in the calendar, and bring me word. |
|
| Exit The exhalations whizzing in the air |
|
| Knocking within 'Tis good. Go to the gate; somebody knocks. |
|
| Sir, 'tis your brother Cassius at the door, Is he alone? |
|
| No, sir, there are moe with him. Do you know them? |
|
| No, sir; their hats are pluck'd about their ears, Let 'em enter. |
|
| I think we are too bold upon your rest: I have been up this hour, awake all night. |
|
| Yes, every man of them, and no man here He is welcome hither. |
|
| This, Decius Brutus. He is welcome too. |
|
| This, Casca; this, Cinna; and this, Metellus Cimber. They are all welcome. |
|
| You shall confess that you are both deceived. Give me your hands all over, one by one. |
|
| And let us swear our resolution. No, not an oath: if not the face of men, |
|
| O, let us have him, for his silver hairs O, name him not: let us not break with him; |
|
| Decius, well urged: I think it is not meet, Our course will seem too bloody, Caius Cassius, |
|
| Yet I fear him; Alas, good Cassius, do not think of him: |
|
| Clock strikes Peace! count the clock. |
|
| Nay, we will all of us be there to fetch him. By the eighth hour: is that the uttermost? |
|
| Caius Ligarius doth bear Caesar hard, Now, good Metellus, go along by him: |
|
| The morning comes upon 's: we'll leave you, Brutus. Good gentlemen, look fresh and merrily; |
|
| Brutus, my lord! Portia, what mean you? wherefore rise you now? |
|
| Nor for yours neither. You've ungently, Brutus, I am not well in health, and that is all. |
|
| Brutus is wise, and, were he not in health, Why, so I do. Good Portia, go to bed. |
|
| Is Brutus sick? and is it physical Kneel not, gentle Portia. |
|
| I should not need, if you were gentle Brutus. You are my true and honourable wife, |
|
| If this were true, then should I know this secret. O ye gods, |
|
| He is a sick man that would speak with you. Caius Ligarius, that Metellus spake of. |
|
| Vouchsafe good morrow from a feeble tongue. O, what a time have you chose out, brave Caius, |
|
| I am not sick, if Brutus have in hand Such an exploit have I in hand, Ligarius, |
|
| By all the gods that Romans bow before, A piece of work that will make sick men whole. |
|
| But are not some whole that we must make sick? That must we also. What it is, my Caius, |
|
| Set on your foot, Follow me, then. |
|
| Welcome, Publius. Caesar, 'tis strucken eight. |
|
| Good friends, go in, and taste some wine with me; That every like is not the same, O Caesar, |
|
| Advances to CAESAR What said Popilius Lena? |
|
| He wish'd to-day our enterprise might thrive. Look, how he makes to Caesar; mark him. |
|
| Casca, be sudden, for we fear prevention. Cassius, be constant: |
|
| Where is Metellus Cimber? Let him go, He is address'd: press near and second him. |
|
| Is there no voice more worthy than my own I kiss thy hand, but not in flattery, Caesar; |
|
| Some to the common pulpits, and cry out People and senators, be not affrighted; |
|
| And Cassius too. Where's Publius? |
|
| Stand fast together, lest some friend of Caesar's Talk not of standing. Publius, good cheer; |
|
| And leave us, Publius; lest that the people, Do so: and let no man abide this deed, |
|
| Fled to his house amazed: Fates, we will know your pleasures: |
|
| Why, he that cuts off twenty years of life Grant that, and then is death a benefit: |
|
| Stoop, then, and wash. How many ages hence How many times shall Caesar bleed in sport, |
|
| Enter a Servant Soft! who comes here? A friend of Antony's. |
|
| Thus, Brutus, did my master bid me kneel: Thy master is a wise and valiant Roman; |
|
| Exit I know that we shall have him well to friend. |
|
| I wish we may: but yet have I a mind But here comes Antony. |
|
| O mighty Caesar! dost thou lie so low? O Antony, beg not your death of us. |
|
| Your voice shall be as strong as any man's Only be patient till we have appeased |
|
| Therefore I took your hands, but was, indeed, Or else were this a savage spectacle: |
|
| That's all I seek: You shall, Mark Antony. |
|
| Brutus, a word with you. By your pardon; |
|
| I know not what may fall; I like it not. Mark Antony, here, take you Caesar's body. |
|
| Be it so. Prepare the body then, and follow us. |
|
| We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied. Then follow me, and give me audience, friends. |
|
| The noble Brutus is ascended: silence! Be patient till the last. |
|
| None, Brutus, none. Then none have I offended. I have done no more to |
|
| We'll bring him to his house My countrymen,— |
|
| Peace, ho! Good countrymen, let me depart alone, |
|
| Drum. Enter BRUTUS, LUCILIUS, LUCIUS, and Soldiers; Tintinius and PINDARUS meeting them Stand, ho! |
|
| Give the word, ho! and stand. What now, Lucilius! is Cassius near? |
|
| He is at hand; and Pindarus is come He greets me well. Your master, Pindarus, |
|
| I do not doubt He is not doubted. A word, Lucilius; |
|
| With courtesy and with respect enough; Thou hast described |
|
| They mean this night in Sardis to be quarter'd; Hark! he is arrived. |
|
| Stand, ho! Stand, ho! Speak the word along. |
|
| Most noble brother, you have done me wrong. Judge me, you gods! wrong I mine enemies? |
|
| Brutus, this sober form of yours hides wrongs; Cassius, be content. |
|
| Pindarus, Lucilius, do you the like; and let no man |
|
| That you have wrong'd me doth appear in this: You wronged yourself to write in such a case. |
|
| In such a time as this it is not meet Let me tell you, Cassius, you yourself |
|
| I an itching palm! The name of Cassius honours this corruption, |
|
| Chastisement! Remember March, the ides of March remember: |
|
| Brutus, bay not me; Go to; you are not, Cassius. |
|
| I am. I say you are not. |
|
| Urge me no more, I shall forget myself; Away, slight man! |
|
| Is't possible? Hear me, for I will speak. |
|
| O ye gods, ye gods! must I endure all this? All this! ay, more: fret till your proud heart break; |
|
| Is it come to this? You say you are a better soldier: |
|
| You wrong me every way; you wrong me, Brutus; If you did, I care not. |
|
| When Caesar lived, he durst not thus have moved me. Peace, peace! you durst not so have tempted him. |
|
| I durst not! No. |
|
| What, durst not tempt him! For your life you durst not! |
|
| Do not presume too much upon my love; You have done that you should be sorry for. |
|
| I denied you not. You did. |
|
| I did not: he was but a fool that brought I do not, till you practise them on me. |
|
| You love me not. I do not like your faults. |
|
| A friendly eye could never see such faults. A flatterer's would not, though they do appear |
|
| Come, Antony, and young Octavius, come, Sheathe your dagger: |
|
| Hath Cassius lived When I spoke that, I was ill-temper'd too. |
|
| Do you confess so much? Give me your hand. And my heart too. |
|
| O Brutus! What's the matter? |
|
| Have not you love enough to bear with me, Yes, Cassius; and, from henceforth, |
|
| Ha, ha! how vilely doth this cynic rhyme! Get you hence, sirrah; saucy fellow, hence! |
|
| Bear with him, Brutus; 'tis his fashion. I'll know his humour, when he knows his time: |
|
| Exit Poet Lucilius and Tintinius, bid the commanders |
|
| Exeunt LUCILIUS and Tintinius Lucius, a bowl of wine! |
|
| I did not think you could have been so angry. O Cassius, I am sick of many griefs. |
|
| Of your philosophy you make no use, No man bears sorrow better. Portia is dead. |
|
| Ha! Portia! She is dead. |
|
| How 'scaped I killing when I cross'd you so? Impatient of my absence, |
|
| And died so? Even so. |
|
| Re-enter LUCIUS, with wine and taper Speak no more of her. Give me a bowl of wine. |
|
| My heart is thirsty for that noble pledge. Come in, Tintinius! |
|
| Portia, art thou gone? No more, I pray you. |
|
| Myself have letters of the selfsame tenor. With what addition? |
|
| That by proscription and bills of outlawry, Therein our letters do not well agree; |
|
| Cicero is dead, No, Messala. |
|
| Nor nothing in your letters writ of her? Nothing, Messala. |
|
| That, methinks, is strange. Why ask you? hear you aught of her in yours? |
|
| No, my lord. Now, as you are a Roman, tell me true. |
|
| Then like a Roman bear the truth I tell: Why, farewell, Portia. We must die, Messala: |
|
| I have as much of this in art as you, Well, to our work alive. What do you think |
|
| I do not think it good. Your reason? |
|
| This it is: Good reasons must, of force, give place to better. |
|
| Hear me, good brother. Under your pardon. You must note beside, |
|
| Then, with your will, go on; The deep of night is crept upon our talk, |
|
| No more. Good night: Lucius! |
|
| O my dear brother! Every thing is well. |
|
| Good night, my lord. Good night, good brother. |
|
| Good night, Lord Brutus. Farewell, every one. |
|
| Here in the tent. What, thou speak'st drowsily? |
|
| Calls my lord? I pray you, sirs, lie in my tent and sleep; |
|
| So please you, we will stand and watch your pleasure. I will not have it so: lie down, good sirs; |
|
| I was sure your lordship did not give it me. Bear with me, good boy, I am much forgetful. |
|
| Ay, my lord, an't please you. It does, my boy: |
|
| It is my duty, sir. I should not urge thy duty past thy might; |
|
| I have slept, my lord, already. It was well done; and thou shalt sleep again; |
|
| Thy evil spirit, Brutus. Why comest thou? |
|
| To tell thee thou shalt see me at Philippi. Well; then I shall see thee again? |
|
| Ay, at Philippi. Why, I will see thee at Philippi, then. |
|
| The strings, my lord, are false. He thinks he still is at his instrument. |
|
| My lord? Didst thou dream, Lucius, that thou so criedst out? |
|
| My lord, I do not know that I did cry. Yes, that thou didst: didst thou see any thing? |
|
| Nothing, my lord. Sleep again, Lucius. Sirrah Claudius! |
|
| My lord? Why did you so cry out, sirs, in your sleep? |
|
| Did we, my lord? Ay: saw you any thing? |
|
| Nor I, my lord. Go and commend me to my brother Cassius; |
|
| I do not cross you; but I will do so. They stand, and would have parley. |
|
| Stir not until the signal. Words before blows: is it so, countrymen? |
|
| Not that we love words better, as you do. Good words are better than bad strokes, Octavius. |
|
| Not stingless too. O, yes, and soundless too; |
|
| Come, come, the cause: if arguing make us sweat, Caesar, thou canst not die by traitors' hands, |
|
| So I hope; O, if thou wert the noblest of thy strain, |
|
| Why, now, blow wind, swell billow and swim bark! Ho, Lucilius! hark, a word with you. |
|
| I but believe it partly; Even so, Lucilius. |
|
| Now, most noble Brutus, Even by the rule of that philosophy |
|
| Then, if we lose this battle, No, Cassius, no: think not, thou noble Roman, |
|
| For ever, and for ever, farewell, Brutus! Why, then, lead on. O, that a man might know |
|
| Alarum. Enter BRUTUS and MESSALA Ride, ride, Messala, ride, and give these bills |
|
| Hie you, Messala, Where, where, Messala, doth his body lie? |
|
| Lo, yonder, and Tintinius mourning it. Tintinius' face is upward. |
|
| He is slain. O Julius Caesar, thou art mighty yet! |
|
| Brave Tintinius! Are yet two Romans living such as these? |
|
|
Yet, countrymen, O, yet hold up your heads! |
|
| What bastard doth not? Who will go with me? And I am Brutus, Marcus Brutus, I; |
|
|
Come, poor remains of friends, rest on this rock. |
|
| Statilius show'd the torch-light, but, my lord, Sit thee down, Clitus: slaying is the word; |
|
| What, I, my lord? No, not for all the world. Peace then! no words. |
|
| I'll rather kill myself. Hark thee, Dardanius. |
|
| Now is that noble vessel full of grief, Come hither, good Volumnius; list a word. |
|
| What says my lord? Why, this, Volumnius: |
|
| Not so, my lord. Nay, I am sure it is, Volumnius. |
|
| Fly, fly, my lord; there is no tarrying here. Farewell to you; and you; and you, Volumnius. |
|
| Fly, my lord, fly. Hence! I will follow. |
|
| Give me your hand first. Fare you well, my lord. Farewell, good Strato. |
Return to the "Julius Caesar" menu
![caesar speech caesar speech](https://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/images/gmu_logo_oss_background.png)
Program code and database © 2003-2024 George Mason University . All texts are in the public domain and can be used freely for any purpose. Privacy policy
![](http://pechenka.online/777/templates/cheerup1/res/banner1.gif)
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. ". By William Shakespeare. (from Julius Caesar, spoken by Marc Antony) Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar.
"Friends, Romans": Orson Welles' Broadway production of Caesar (1937), a modern-dress production that evoked comparison to contemporary Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears" is the first line of a speech by Mark Antony in the play Julius Caesar, by William Shakespeare.Occurring in Act III, scene II, it is one of the most famous lines in all of ...
By Dr Oliver Tearle (Loughborough University) Mark Antony's 'Friends, Romans, countrymen' speech from Shakespeare's Julius Caesar is a masterclass of irony and the way rhetoric can be used to say one thing but imply something quite different without ever naming it.Mark Antony delivers a funeral speech for Julius Caesar following Caesar's assassination at the hands of Brutus and the ...
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar ...
Friends, Romans, countrymen. "Friends, Romans, countrymen" is a quote William Shakespeare used in Act III, Scene 2 of Julius Caesar, his most commonly read history play. These three lines are perhaps the three most famous in all of Shakespeare's dramatic works. They are filled with emotion and begin a speech that has commonly been ...
Spoken by Marc Antony, Julius Caesar, Act 3 Scene 2. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
Julius Caesar, Act III, Scene II [Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears] - The Academy of American Poets is the largest membership-based nonprofit organization fostering an appreciation for contemporary poetry and supporting American poets. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.
Full text and audio mp3 of movie Julius Caesar - Marc Antony Addresses Rome on the Death of Julius Caesar American Rhetoric ... For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth, action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech to stir men's blood. I only speak right on. I tell you that which you yourselves do know. Show you sweet Caesar's wounds ...
Do grace to Caesar's corpse, and grace his speech Tending to Caesar's glories; which Mark Antony, By our permission, is allow'd to make. I do entreat you, not a man depart, Save I alone, till Antony have spoke. 1600; Exit First Citizen. Stay, ho! and let us hear Mark Antony. Third Citizen. Let him go up into the public chair; We'll hear him.
Speeches (Lines) for Caesar in "Julius Caesar" Total: 42. print/save view. OPTIONS: Show cue speeches • Show full speeches # Act, Scene, Line (Click to see in context) Speech text: 1. I,2,82. Calpurnia! 2. I,2,84. Calpurnia! 3. I,2,86. Stand you directly in Antonius' way, When he doth run his course. Antonius!
Today I'm going to do an analysis of one of the most famous speeches in all of Shakespeare: Antony's Funeral Speech in Act III, Scene ii of Julius Caesar, commonly known as the "Friends, Romans, Countrymen" speech. I. Given Circumstances. Antony is already in a very precarious position. His best friend Julius Caesar was murdered by the ...
Caesar, all hail! good morrow, worthy Caesar: I come to fetch you to the senate-house. Caesar. And you are come in very happy time, To bear my greeting to the senators. And tell them that I will not come to-day: Cannot, is false, and that I dare not, falser: I will not come to-day: tell them so, Decius. 23.
We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied. BRUTUS. Then follow me, and give me audience, friends. Cassius, go you into the other street, And part the numbers. Those that will hear me speak, let ...
Then follow me and give me audience, friends. —Cassius, go you into the other street And part the numbers. 5 —Those that will hear me speak, let 'em stay here. Those that will follow Cassius, go with him, And public reasons shall be renderèd Of Caesar's death. BRUTUS. Then follow me and listen to what I say, friends.
Act 3, scene 1. ⌜ Scene 1 ⌝. Synopsis: In the street Caesar brushes aside Artemidorus's attempt to warn him of the conspiracy. Once inside the Capitol, the conspirators gather around Caesar under the guise of pleading for the return of an exile. Beginning with Casca they stab Caesar to death and bathe their arms and hands in his blood.
From HBO's Rome, it gives a good cinematic depiction of the Oratory Skills of Cicero and Julius Caesar as mentioned in the ancient writings of Plutarch and S...
Act 3, scene 2. Brutus explains to the people that the cause of Caesar's assassination was the preservation of the Roman Republic from Caesar's ambition to be king. Mark Antony, bringing in Caesar's body, refutes Brutus's charge of ambition against Caesar, displays Caesar's wounds, and reveals that Caesar had made the common people ...
About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...
That you might see your shadow. I have heard, Where many of the best respect in Rome, Except immortal Caesar, speaking of Brutus. And groaning underneath this age's yoke, Have wish'd that noble Brutus had his eyes. 150. Brutus. Into what dangers would you lead me, Cassius, That you would have me seek into myself.
Julius Caesar features political rivalry and intrigue, and culminates with Antony and Octavius' final triumph over the rebellious plotters. The Shakescleare modern English translation of Julius Caesar will help you understand the play's most notable lines, like "The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, / But in ourselves" and Antony ...
Synopsis: Caesar's assassination is just the halfway point of Julius Caesar. The first part of the play leads to his death; the second portrays the consequences. As the action begins, Rome prepares for Caesar's triumphal entrance. Brutus, Caesar's friend and ally, fears that Caesar will become king, destroying the republic.
About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright ...
Julius Caesar is thought to have stomped across its pebbles in 55BC; and in 1784 prime minister William Pitt sent soldiers in to burn the smugglers' boats because the town was so unlawful. The ...
Brutus, I do observe you now of late: I have not from your eyes that gentleness. And show of love as I was wont to have: You bear too stubborn and too strange a hand. Over your friend that loves you. Brutus. Cassius, Be not deceived: if I have veil'd my look, I turn the trouble of my countenance.