To sum up: place the thesis statement toward the end of your introduction, state your angle on the topic, and provide your reasoning with evidence. Since you only get 20–50 words to work with, make sure to use them wisely!
Keep reading with more resources from your loyal editors and proofreaders:
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A thesis is a comprehensive academic paper based on your original research that presents new findings, arguments, and ideas of your study. It’s typically submitted at the end of your master’s degree or as a capstone of your bachelor’s degree.
However, writing a thesis can be laborious, especially for beginners. From the initial challenge of pinpointing a compelling research topic to organizing and presenting findings, the process is filled with potential pitfalls.
Therefore, to help you, this guide talks about what is a thesis. Additionally, it offers revelations and methodologies to transform it from an overwhelming task to a manageable and rewarding academic milestone.
A thesis is an in-depth research study that identifies a particular topic of inquiry and presents a clear argument or perspective about that topic using evidence and logic.
Writing a thesis showcases your ability of critical thinking, gathering evidence, and making a compelling argument. Integral to these competencies is thorough research, which not only fortifies your propositions but also confers credibility to your entire study.
Furthermore, there's another phenomenon you might often confuse with the thesis: the ' working thesis .' However, they aren't similar and shouldn't be used interchangeably.
A working thesis, often referred to as a preliminary or tentative thesis, is an initial version of your thesis statement. It serves as a draft or a starting point that guides your research in its early stages.
As you research more and gather more evidence, your initial thesis (aka working thesis) might change. It's like a starting point that can be adjusted as you learn more. It's normal for your main topic to change a few times before you finalize it.
While a thesis identifies and provides an overarching argument, the key to clearly communicating the central point of that argument lies in writing a strong thesis statement.
A strong thesis statement (aka thesis sentence) is a concise summary of the main argument or claim of the paper. It serves as a critical anchor in any academic work, succinctly encapsulating the primary argument or main idea of the entire paper.
Typically found within the introductory section, a strong thesis statement acts as a roadmap of your thesis, directing readers through your arguments and findings. By delineating the core focus of your investigation, it offers readers an immediate understanding of the context and the gravity of your study.
Furthermore, an effectively crafted thesis statement can set forth the boundaries of your research, helping readers anticipate the specific areas of inquiry you are addressing.
A good thesis statement is clear, specific, and arguable. Therefore, it is necessary for you to choose the right type of thesis statement for your academic papers.
Thesis statements can be classified based on their purpose and structure. Here are the primary types of thesis statements:
Purpose : To convince the reader of a particular stance or point of view by presenting evidence and formulating a compelling argument.
Example : Reducing plastic use in daily life is essential for environmental health.
Purpose : To break down an idea or issue into its components and evaluate it.
Example : By examining the long-term effects, social implications, and economic impact of climate change, it becomes evident that immediate global action is necessary.
Purpose : To explain a topic or subject to the reader.
Example : The Great Depression, spanning the 1930s, was a severe worldwide economic downturn triggered by a stock market crash, bank failures, and reduced consumer spending.
Purpose : To demonstrate a cause and its resulting effect.
Example : Overuse of smartphones can lead to impaired sleep patterns, reduced face-to-face social interactions, and increased levels of anxiety.
Purpose : To highlight similarities and differences between two subjects.
Example : "While both novels '1984' and 'Brave New World' delve into dystopian futures, they differ in their portrayal of individual freedom, societal control, and the role of technology."
When you write a thesis statement , it's important to ensure clarity and precision, so the reader immediately understands the central focus of your work.
While both terms are frequently used interchangeably, they have distinct meanings.
A thesis refers to the entire research document, encompassing all its chapters and sections. In contrast, a thesis statement is a brief assertion that encapsulates the central argument of the research.
Here’s an in-depth differentiation table of a thesis and a thesis statement.
Aspect | Thesis | Thesis Statement |
Definition | An extensive document presenting the author's research and findings, typically for a degree or professional qualification. | A concise sentence or two in an essay or research paper that outlines the main idea or argument. |
Position | It’s the entire document on its own. | Typically found at the end of the introduction of an essay, research paper, or thesis. |
Components | Introduction, methodology, results, conclusions, and bibliography or references. | Doesn't include any specific components |
Purpose | Provides detailed research, presents findings, and contributes to a field of study. | To guide the reader about the main point or argument of the paper or essay. |
Now, to craft a compelling thesis, it's crucial to adhere to a specific structure. Let’s break down these essential components that make up a thesis structure
Navigating a thesis can be daunting. However, understanding its structure can make the process more manageable.
Here are the key components or different sections of a thesis structure:
Your thesis begins with the title page. It's not just a formality but the gateway to your research.
Here, you'll prominently display the necessary information about you (the author) and your institutional details.
In a concise manner, you'll have to summarize the critical aspects of your research in typically no more than 200-300 words.
This includes the problem statement, methodology, key findings, and conclusions. For many, the abstract will determine if they delve deeper into your work, so ensure it's clear and compelling.
Research is rarely a solitary endeavor. In the acknowledgments section, you have the chance to express gratitude to those who've supported your journey.
This might include advisors, peers, institutions, or even personal sources of inspiration and support. It's a personal touch, reflecting the humanity behind the academic rigor.
A roadmap for your readers, the table of contents lists the chapters, sections, and subsections of your thesis.
By providing page numbers, you allow readers to navigate your work easily, jumping to sections that pique their interest.
Research often involves data, and presenting this data visually can enhance understanding. This section provides an organized listing of all figures and tables in your thesis.
It's a visual index, ensuring that readers can quickly locate and reference your graphical data.
Here's where you introduce your research topic, articulate the research question or objective, and outline the significance of your study.
The introduction should captivate your readers, making them eager to delve deeper into your research journey.
Your study correlates with existing research. Therefore, in the literature review section, you'll engage in a dialogue with existing knowledge, highlighting relevant studies, theories, and findings.
It's here that you identify gaps in the current knowledge, positioning your research as a bridge to new insights.
To streamline this process, consider leveraging AI tools. For example, the SciSpace literature review tool enables you to efficiently explore and delve into research papers, simplifying your literature review journey.
In the research methodology section, you’ll detail the tools, techniques, and processes you employed to gather and analyze data. This section will inform the readers about how you approached your research questions and ensures the reproducibility of your study.
Here's a breakdown of what it should encompass:
Moreover, different research questions necessitate different types of methodologies. For instance:
The Methodology section isn’t just about detailing the methods but also justifying why they were chosen. The appropriateness of the methods in addressing your research question can significantly impact the credibility of your findings.
This section presents the outcomes of your research. It's crucial to note that the nature of your results may vary; they could be quantitative, qualitative, or a mix of both.
Quantitative results often present statistical data, showcasing measurable outcomes, and they benefit from tables, graphs, and figures to depict these data points.
Qualitative results , on the other hand, might delve into patterns, themes, or narratives derived from non-numerical data, such as interviews or observations.
Regardless of the nature of your results, clarity is essential. This section is purely about presenting the data without offering interpretations — that comes later in the discussion.
In the discussion section, the raw data transforms into valuable insights.
Start by revisiting your research question and contrast it with the findings. How do your results expand, constrict, or challenge current academic conversations?
Dive into the intricacies of the data, guiding the reader through its implications. Detail potential limitations transparently, signaling your awareness of the research's boundaries. This is where your academic voice should be resonant and confident.
Based on the insights derived from your research, this section provides actionable suggestions or proposed solutions.
Whether aimed at industry professionals or the general public, recommendations translate your academic findings into potential real-world actions. They help readers understand the practical implications of your work and how it can be applied to effect change or improvement in a given field.
When crafting recommendations, it's essential to ensure they're feasible and rooted in the evidence provided by your research. They shouldn't merely be aspirational but should offer a clear path forward, grounded in your findings.
The conclusion provides closure to your research narrative.
It's not merely a recap but a synthesis of your main findings and their broader implications. Reconnect with the research questions or hypotheses posited at the beginning, offering clear answers based on your findings.
Reflect on the broader contributions of your study, considering its impact on the academic community and potential real-world applications.
Lastly, the conclusion should leave your readers with a clear understanding of the value and impact of your study.
Every theory you've expounded upon, every data point you've cited, and every methodological precedent you've followed finds its acknowledgment here.
In references, it's crucial to ensure meticulous consistency in formatting, mirroring the specific guidelines of the chosen citation style .
Proper referencing helps to avoid plagiarism , gives credit to original ideas, and allows readers to explore topics of interest. Moreover, it situates your work within the continuum of academic knowledge.
To properly cite the sources used in the study, you can rely on online citation generator tools to generate accurate citations!
Here’s more on how you can cite your sources.
Often, the depth of research produces a wealth of material that, while crucial, can make the core content of the thesis cumbersome. The appendix is where you mention extra information that supports your research but isn't central to the main text.
Whether it's raw datasets, detailed procedural methodologies, extended case studies, or any other ancillary material, the appendices ensure that these elements are archived for reference without breaking the main narrative's flow.
For thorough researchers and readers keen on meticulous details, the appendices provide a treasure trove of insights.
In academics, specialized terminologies, and jargon are inevitable. However, not every reader is versed in every term.
The glossary, while optional, is a critical tool for accessibility. It's a bridge ensuring that even readers from outside the discipline can access, understand, and appreciate your work.
By defining complex terms and providing context, you're inviting a wider audience to engage with your research, enhancing its reach and impact.
Remember, while these components provide a structured framework, the essence of your thesis lies in the originality of your ideas, the rigor of your research, and the clarity of your presentation.
As you craft each section, keep your readers in mind, ensuring that your passion and dedication shine through every page.
To further elucidate the concept of a thesis, here are illustrative examples from various fields:
Example 1 (History): Abolition, Africans, and Abstraction: the Influence of the ‘Noble Savage’ on British and French Antislavery Thought, 1787-1807 by Suchait Kahlon.
Example 2 (Climate Dynamics): Influence of external forcings on abrupt millennial-scale climate changes: a statistical modelling study by Takahito Mitsui · Michel Crucifix
Evaluating your thesis ensures that your research meets the standards of academia. Here's an elaborate checklist to guide you through this critical process.
Content and structure
Clarity and coherence
Research quality
Originality and significance
Formatting and presentation
Grammar and language
Feedback and revision
Overall assessment
Ensure to use this checklist to leave no ground for doubt or missed information in your thesis.
After writing your thesis, the next step is to discuss and defend your findings verbally in front of a knowledgeable panel. You’ve to be well prepared as your professors may grade your presentation abilities.
A thesis defense, also known as "defending the thesis," is the culmination of a scholar's research journey. It's the final frontier, where you’ll present their findings and face scrutiny from a panel of experts.
Typically, the defense involves a public presentation where you’ll have to outline your study, followed by a question-and-answer session with a committee of experts. This committee assesses the validity, originality, and significance of the research.
The defense serves as a rite of passage for scholars. It's an opportunity to showcase expertise, address criticisms, and refine arguments. A successful defense not only validates the research but also establishes your authority as a researcher in your field.
Here’s how you can effectively prepare for your thesis defense .
Now, having touched upon the process of defending a thesis, it's worth noting that scholarly work can take various forms, depending on academic and regional practices.
One such form, often paralleled with the thesis, is the 'dissertation.' But what differentiates the two?
Often used interchangeably in casual discourse, they refer to distinct research projects undertaken at different levels of higher education.
To the uninitiated, understanding their meaning might be elusive. So, let's demystify these terms and delve into their core differences.
Here's a table differentiating between the two.
Aspect | Thesis | Dissertation |
Purpose | Often for a master's degree, showcasing a grasp of existing research | Primarily for a doctoral degree, contributing new knowledge to the field |
Length | 100 pages, focusing on a specific topic or question. | 400-500 pages, involving deep research and comprehensive findings |
Research Depth | Builds upon existing research | Involves original and groundbreaking research |
Advisor's Role | Guides the research process | Acts more as a consultant, allowing the student to take the lead |
Outcome | Demonstrates understanding of the subject | Proves capability to conduct independent and original research |
From understanding the foundational concept of a thesis to navigating its various components, differentiating it from a dissertation, and recognizing the importance of proper citation — this guide covers it all.
As scholars and readers, understanding these nuances not only aids in academic pursuits but also fosters a deeper appreciation for the relentless quest for knowledge that drives academia.
It’s important to remember that every thesis is a testament to curiosity, dedication, and the indomitable spirit of discovery.
Good luck with your thesis writing!
A thesis typically ranges between 40-80 pages, but its length can vary based on the research topic, institution guidelines, and level of study.
A PhD thesis usually spans 200-300 pages, though this can vary based on the discipline, complexity of the research, and institutional requirements.
To identify a thesis topic, consider current trends in your field, gaps in existing literature, personal interests, and discussions with advisors or mentors. Additionally, reviewing related journals and conference proceedings can provide insights into potential areas of exploration.
The conceptual framework is often situated in the literature review or theoretical framework section of a thesis. It helps set the stage by providing the context, defining key concepts, and explaining the relationships between variables.
A thesis statement should be concise, clear, and specific. It should state the main argument or point of your research. Start by pinpointing the central question or issue your research addresses, then condense that into a single statement, ensuring it reflects the essence of your paper.
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An argumentative or persuasive piece of writing must begin with a debatable thesis or claim. In other words, the thesis must be something that people could reasonably have differing opinions on. If your thesis is something that is generally agreed upon or accepted as fact then there is no reason to try to persuade people.
Example of a non-debatable thesis statement:
This thesis statement is not debatable. First, the word pollution implies that something is bad or negative in some way. Furthermore, all studies agree that pollution is a problem; they simply disagree on the impact it will have or the scope of the problem. No one could reasonably argue that pollution is unambiguously good.
Example of a debatable thesis statement:
This is an example of a debatable thesis because reasonable people could disagree with it. Some people might think that this is how we should spend the nation's money. Others might feel that we should be spending more money on education. Still others could argue that corporations, not the government, should be paying to limit pollution.
Another example of a debatable thesis statement:
In this example there is also room for disagreement between rational individuals. Some citizens might think focusing on recycling programs rather than private automobiles is the most effective strategy.
Although the scope of your paper might seem overwhelming at the start, generally the narrower the thesis the more effective your argument will be. Your thesis or claim must be supported by evidence. The broader your claim is, the more evidence you will need to convince readers that your position is right.
Example of a thesis that is too broad:
There are several reasons this statement is too broad to argue. First, what is included in the category "drugs"? Is the author talking about illegal drug use, recreational drug use (which might include alcohol and cigarettes), or all uses of medication in general? Second, in what ways are drugs detrimental? Is drug use causing deaths (and is the author equating deaths from overdoses and deaths from drug related violence)? Is drug use changing the moral climate or causing the economy to decline? Finally, what does the author mean by "society"? Is the author referring only to America or to the global population? Does the author make any distinction between the effects on children and adults? There are just too many questions that the claim leaves open. The author could not cover all of the topics listed above, yet the generality of the claim leaves all of these possibilities open to debate.
Example of a narrow or focused thesis:
In this example the topic of drugs has been narrowed down to illegal drugs and the detriment has been narrowed down to gang violence. This is a much more manageable topic.
We could narrow each debatable thesis from the previous examples in the following way:
Narrowed debatable thesis 1:
This thesis narrows the scope of the argument by specifying not just the amount of money used but also how the money could actually help to control pollution.
Narrowed debatable thesis 2:
This thesis narrows the scope of the argument by specifying not just what the focus of a national anti-pollution campaign should be but also why this is the appropriate focus.
Qualifiers such as " typically ," " generally ," " usually ," or " on average " also help to limit the scope of your claim by allowing for the almost inevitable exception to the rule.
Claims typically fall into one of four categories. Thinking about how you want to approach your topic, or, in other words, what type of claim you want to make, is one way to focus your thesis on one particular aspect of your broader topic.
Claims of fact or definition: These claims argue about what the definition of something is or whether something is a settled fact. Example:
Claims of cause and effect: These claims argue that one person, thing, or event caused another thing or event to occur. Example:
Claims about value: These are claims made of what something is worth, whether we value it or not, how we would rate or categorize something. Example:
Claims about solutions or policies: These are claims that argue for or against a certain solution or policy approach to a problem. Example:
Which type of claim is right for your argument? Which type of thesis or claim you use for your argument will depend on your position and knowledge of the topic, your audience, and the context of your paper. You might want to think about where you imagine your audience to be on this topic and pinpoint where you think the biggest difference in viewpoints might be. Even if you start with one type of claim you probably will be using several within the paper. Regardless of the type of claim you choose to utilize it is key to identify the controversy or debate you are addressing and to define your position early on in the paper.
Features of a successful thesis.
This handout is available for download in DOCX format and PDF format .
University Writing Program Brandeis University
What is a thesis statement? How should it look like? Newbies are sick and tired of answering those questions. A thesis statement is actually a movie trailer for your major work. It highlights the key ideas and aspects of the topic. Although it may seem easy to write, a thesis statement becomes a major challenge for 100% of students no matter how good they are at essay writing . Our tips will make the process simpler and less time-consuming. We do hope you will find them handy.
Here are the key points that describe the importance of the thesis statement:
All thesis statements can be divided into two main types: debatable and non-debatable . Make sure you clearly understand the difference before you use any of those types:
Avoid writing too long thesis statements. Most students get into a trap when writing huge papers. They think that the length of the thesis statement depends on the volume of a general paper. Well, it does not. The shorter and narrower your thesis, the better. Two or three sentences are more than enough to get your readers intrigued. The thesis should have a claim for a future dispute.
Each claim refers to a particular type and category. They are as follows:
Include the claim depending on your readers’ type. The audience always matters when it comes to choosing the right claim for your thesis statement.
Follow our easy tips to construct a solid thesis statement that will grab readers’ attention:
To know if your thesis is good, try to answer some of the following questions:
If the answers are “Yes”, you have done a great job!
Home » Thesis – Structure, Example and Writing Guide
Table of contents.
Definition:
Thesis is a scholarly document that presents a student’s original research and findings on a particular topic or question. It is usually written as a requirement for a graduate degree program and is intended to demonstrate the student’s mastery of the subject matter and their ability to conduct independent research.
The concept of a thesis can be traced back to ancient Greece, where it was used as a way for students to demonstrate their knowledge of a particular subject. However, the modern form of the thesis as a scholarly document used to earn a degree is a relatively recent development.
The origin of the modern thesis can be traced back to medieval universities in Europe. During this time, students were required to present a “disputation” in which they would defend a particular thesis in front of their peers and faculty members. These disputations served as a way to demonstrate the student’s mastery of the subject matter and were often the final requirement for earning a degree.
In the 17th century, the concept of the thesis was formalized further with the creation of the modern research university. Students were now required to complete a research project and present their findings in a written document, which would serve as the basis for their degree.
The modern thesis as we know it today has evolved over time, with different disciplines and institutions adopting their own standards and formats. However, the basic elements of a thesis – original research, a clear research question, a thorough review of the literature, and a well-argued conclusion – remain the same.
The structure of a thesis may vary slightly depending on the specific requirements of the institution, department, or field of study, but generally, it follows a specific format.
Here’s a breakdown of the structure of a thesis:
This is the first page of the thesis that includes the title of the thesis, the name of the author, the name of the institution, the department, the date, and any other relevant information required by the institution.
This is a brief summary of the thesis that provides an overview of the research question, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
This page provides a list of all the chapters and sections in the thesis and their page numbers.
This chapter provides an overview of the research question, the context of the research, and the purpose of the study. The introduction should also outline the methodology and the scope of the research.
This chapter provides a critical analysis of the relevant literature on the research topic. It should demonstrate the gap in the existing knowledge and justify the need for the research.
This chapter provides a detailed description of the research methods used to gather and analyze data. It should explain the research design, the sampling method, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures.
This chapter presents the findings of the research. It should include tables, graphs, and charts to illustrate the results.
This chapter interprets the results and relates them to the research question. It should explain the significance of the findings and their implications for the research topic.
This chapter summarizes the key findings and the main conclusions of the research. It should also provide recommendations for future research.
This section provides a list of all the sources cited in the thesis. The citation style may vary depending on the requirements of the institution or the field of study.
This section includes any additional material that supports the research, such as raw data, survey questionnaires, or other relevant documents.
Here are some steps to help you write a thesis:
Example of Thesis template for Students:
Title of Thesis
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
Chapter 4: Results
Chapter 5: Discussion
Chapter 6: Conclusion
References:
Appendices:
Note: That’s just a basic template, but it should give you an idea of the structure and content that a typical thesis might include. Be sure to consult with your department or supervisor for any specific formatting requirements they may have. Good luck with your thesis!
Thesis is an important academic document that serves several purposes. Here are some of the applications of thesis:
The purpose of a thesis is to present original research findings in a clear and organized manner. It is a formal document that demonstrates a student’s ability to conduct independent research and contribute to the knowledge in their field of study. The primary purposes of a thesis are:
The timing for writing a thesis depends on the specific requirements of the academic program or institution. In most cases, the opportunity to write a thesis is typically offered at the graduate level, but there may be exceptions.
Generally, students should plan to write their thesis during the final year of their graduate program. This allows sufficient time for conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis. It is important to start planning the thesis early and to identify a research topic and research advisor as soon as possible.
In some cases, students may be able to write a thesis as part of an undergraduate program or as an independent research project outside of an academic program. In such cases, it is important to consult with faculty advisors or mentors to ensure that the research is appropriately designed and executed.
It is important to note that the process of writing a thesis can be time-consuming and requires a significant amount of effort and dedication. It is important to plan accordingly and to allocate sufficient time for conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis.
The characteristics of a thesis vary depending on the specific academic program or institution. However, some general characteristics of a thesis include:
There are several advantages to writing a thesis, including:
There are also some limitations to writing a thesis, including:
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Here are some useful tips for writing a thesis
Start Early: Begin your thesis writing process as soon as possible to allow ample time for research, drafting, revisions, and proofreading.
Choose a Manageable Topic: Select a topic that interests you and is manageable in scope for a thesis. Ensure it aligns with your academic goals and resources.
Develop a Strong Thesis Statement: Craft a clear and focused thesis statement that outlines the main argument or research question of your thesis.
Create a Detailed Outline: Outline the structure of your thesis, including chapters, sections, and subsections. This will provide a roadmap for your writing and organisation.
Conduct Thorough Research: Use a variety of reputable sources, including academic journals, books, and credible websites, to gather relevant information and support your arguments.
Organise Your Writing: Divide your writing into manageable sections or chapters. Write consistently and regularly to maintain momentum and progress.
Seek Feedback: Share your work with peers, professors, or advisors to receive feedback and suggestions for improvement. Incorporate constructive criticism into your revisions.
Revise and Edit: Revise your thesis multiple times for clarity, coherence, and consistency. Edit for grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors.
Stay Focused and Motivated: Set goals, deadlines, and milestones to stay on track with your writing. Take breaks, practice self-care, and seek support when needed.
Proofread Carefully: Before submission, carefully proofread your thesis for typos, spelling mistakes, and formatting errors. Consider using professional proofreading services for a final review.
By following these tips, you can enhance the quality of your thesis writing process and produce a well-structured, well-researched, and impactful thesis document.
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When it comes to bright ideas, our Life Kit experts have a lot of them. This month, they offered timely guidance on summer safety, science-backed strategies on how to boost memory and improve sleep, and relationship advice (like how to get over a pesky crush).
Here are seven tips from Life Kit's June episodes that our editors and producers are most excited to put into practice in daily life.
1. If you need a creative breakthrough at work, move to a different location. One study found that "if you change your environment in a very simple way, like getting out of your office to work in the kitchen or go for a walk, you become more creative," says cognitive neuroscientist Tali Sharot. "Now, the creativity boost that you get from simply changing your environment lasts for only about six minutes. However, those six minutes could be quite important. That could be the big eureka moment."
2. If you have a ton on your mind as you're trying to fall asleep, quiet the chatter by writing a to-do list. Write out each issue or task and a specific next step that you will take tomorrow to address it, says Allison Harvey , a professor and clinical psychologist. Don’t try to actually solve the problem, though. “Once people get into problem-solving, that becomes arousing.”
3. Need to get over an old crush? Reach out to them. "A lot of time has passed, so you're crushing on the perception of this person that may not actually align with reality," says sex educator Shan Boodram. "There's so much unknown about who that person is now. You have to collect a lot more information."
4. When kids are in the water, designate a "water watcher" to monitor them at all times. It should be an adult who is sober and fully focused. They should have their phone nearby in case they need to call 911. To avoid fatigue, they should assign another adult to watch the water after a set period of time.
5. If the temperature is in the high 90s and you don't have air conditioning at home, go to a cooling center. If you're having trouble staying cool at home for any reason, don't hesitate to look for a cooling center nearby. "That might be something like a community center, a public library, a coffee shop, a movie theater or a mall," says Paul Schramm with the Climate Health Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Electric fans are not enough — they will just move around hot air.
6. Don't want to forget where you parked your car? Slow down and focus on what you want to remember , says neuroscientist Lisa Genova. When people gripe about having memory problems, they're often having attention problems. "The first necessary ingredient in creating a longer-lasting memory is attention. We need that input — otherwise that memory doesn’t get made." So if you can't find your parking spot, you probably weren't paying attention to it in the first place.
7. To protect your home and loved ones, position your gas or charcoal grill in an open environment. "You don't want anything above your grill, like a balcony. And don't place your grill along your house siding. Keep the back of the grill positioned in open air," says Jess Larson, founder of the food blog Plays Well with Butter . Double-check your grill's manual for more details. "Some grills say they're deck friendly. Some say you should be really grilling on cement or pavement."
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The digital story was written by Malaka Gharib and edited by Meghan Keane. The visual editor is Beck Harlan. We'd love to hear from you. Leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823, or email us at [email protected].
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Announcing master's degree thesis defense seminar for maria kenneth lane s. bears.
Dept of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences - June 28, 2024
Understanding winter wheat and sugarbeet yield, growth, and quality through intensive management
PLANT, SOIL & MICROBIAL SCIENCES
Announcement of Final Thesis Defense
Crop and Soil Science M.S. Degree
Candidate’s Name: Maria Kenneth Lane S. Bearss
Seminar/Examination Information:
Date: July 11, 2024 Time: 9:00 AM Place: A271 PSSB
FOR ZOOM INFO CONTACT LAUREN COLBY
Title of Thesis
UNDERSTANDING WINTER WHEAT AND SUGARBEET YIELD, GROWTH, AND QUALITY THROUGH INTENSIVE MANAGEMENT
Members of the Examining Committee and their Department:
The seminar precedes the examination, at the time above
ABSTRACT
Increased global demand for small grains emphasizes the need for intensified management strategies and future yield gains. While nutrients and fungicides can individually improve winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield, the synergism between early and late-season fertilizer with multiple fungicide strategies is less understood. This study investigated the influence of various fertilizer and fungicide strategies and effects on winter wheat growth and development. Treatments were arranged as a full-factorial, randomized complete block design with two rates of autumn starter (AS), five fungicide timings (FT), and two rates of late-season nitrogen (LN) applied at Feekes 7 following both silage corn (SC) and soybean (SB). All treatments received a blanket N application [84 (SB) or 112 (SC) kg ha⁻¹] at Feekes 5, except for check plots. Following SC, AS increased mean grain yield by 2.2 Mg ha⁻¹ in 2022. The interaction of AS and FT significantly influenced grain yield in SC 2023. Across FT, AS consistently increased mean grain yield by 1.4 – 2.6 Mg ha -1 . Following SB, AS increased straw yield by 0.4, and 0.7 MT ha⁻¹, respectively in 2022 and 2023. An interaction between AS and LN significantly influenced straw yield with AS increasing straw yield both with and without LN application in SC 2022. Autumn starter fertilizer increased mean straw yield by 1.3 MT ha -1 compared to no AS in SC 2023. The interaction of AS and LN significantly influenced grain protein content (SC 2023, SB 2022). Autumn starter decreased grain protein content when LN was not applied. Late-season N at Feekes 7 occasionally increased grain protein content (SC 2022 and SB 2023). Plant height was most correlated with grain yield while headcount and flag leaf S level were moderate modulators of straw production. Further, grain N was most correlated with grain protein content. Results emphasize the positive impacts that early-applied fertilizer can have on yield potential but changes in plant growth and development may impact grain quality.
Michigan sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) nutrient management recommendations include 157-179 kg N ha -1 with an initial 45 kg N ha -1 applied at planting to promote canopy closure. While individually added inputs associated with yield gaps were previously investigated, synergistic influences when combined with a standard N program (SN) within an integrated management perspective have not been explored. This study investigated sugarbeet root yield and recoverable sucrose response to different fertilizer strategies along a stepwise increase in management intensity. In 2022, SN treatment averaged 90.1 Mg ha -1 , 148.4 kg Mg -1, and 13,327.9 kg ha -1 . The addition of in-furrow P negatively impacted root yield and recoverable sugar by -15.5 Mg ha -1 and - 2,325.7 kg ha -1 , respectively. In 2023, pre-plant broadcast lime, in-furrow P, and intensive management increased root yield by 13.7, 11.9, and 13.2 Mg ha -1 , respectively. The intensive management and pre-plant broadcast lime increased recoverable sugar per Mg by +7.1 and +8.4 kg Mg -1 , respectively, while also improving recoverable sugar per hectare by +2,329.8 and +2,278.0 kg ha -1 , respectively . In-furrow P increased sugar per hectare by 2,186.3 kg ha -1 . The inconsistent root yield and recoverable sucrose response to marketed inputs accentuate the importance of pre-plant soil analysis, in-season weather monitoring, and the use of disease models for developing a climate-smart agricultural system.
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Step 2: Write your initial answer. After some initial research, you can formulate a tentative answer to this question. At this stage it can be simple, and it should guide the research process and writing process. The internet has had more of a positive than a negative effect on education.
Tips for Writing Your Thesis Statement. 1. Determine what kind of paper you are writing: An analytical paper breaks down an issue or an idea into its component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this breakdown and evaluation to the audience. An expository (explanatory) paper explains something to the audience.
A good thesis has two parts. It should tell what you plan to argue, and it should "telegraph" how you plan to argue—that is, what particular support for your claim is going where in your essay. Steps in Constructing a Thesis. First, analyze your primary sources. Look for tension, interest, ambiguity, controversy, and/or complication.
A thesis statement: tells the reader how you will interpret the significance of the subject matter under discussion. is a road map for the paper; in other words, it tells the reader what to expect from the rest of the paper. directly answers the question asked of you. A thesis is an interpretation of a question or subject, not the subject itself.
Make sure that the thesis statement does not exceed two sentences. Avoid making obvious statements such as 'this is an essay about….' or 'the point of this paper is….'. The thesis statement should be able to convey this without using such up-front language. Write clearly and articulately.
Step 4: Revise and refine your thesis statement before you start writing. Read through your thesis statement several times before you begin to compose your full essay. You need to make sure the statement is ironclad, since it is the foundation of the entire paper. Edit it or have a peer review it for you to make sure everything makes sense and ...
A thesis statement . . . Makes an argumentative assertion about a topic; it states the conclusions that you have reached about your topic. Makes a promise to the reader about the scope, purpose, and direction of your paper. Is focused and specific enough to be "proven" within the boundaries of your paper. Is generally located near the end ...
Ultimately, you should use as many words as you need to for your thesis, as long as you avoid sounding repetitive or self-contradictory. Remember that clarity is key. The more work you do in your introduction, the clearer your thesis will be to you and your reader — and the more focused the rest of your essay will be.
Sometimes it is useful to mention your supporting points in your thesis. ... Quick Tips for Writing Thesis Statements. If you're struggling to come up with a thesis statement, here are a few tips you can use to help: Know the topic. The topic should be something you know or can learn about. It is difficult to write a thesis statement, let ...
Wondering how to write a thesis statement? Our guided tips can help. Wondering how to write a thesis statement? Our guided tips can help. Dictionary Thesaurus Sentences ... A thesis statement is a single sentence that identifies the main idea or argument of the paper, including an overview of what you'll specifically talk about in your essay. ...
Analytical - Shakespeare uses the "play within a play" in Hamlet to explore the relationship between performance and authenticity. This will become the basic thesis you will expand on or defend in your paper. 4. Summarize Your Key Arguments. A strong thesis statement will be clear and concise (a sentence or two at most).
Tips for Writing an Effective Thesis Statement. This handout is available for download in DOCX format and PDF format. Thesis statements are essentially the driving force and backbone of an academic essay. Without a thesis statement, your essay will lack a cohesive argument and will read more like a list of statistics, quotations or connecting ...
Here are some basic guidelines for writing a thesis statement: Present your point of view in two sentences. Clearly indicate the logical progression of your research. Always take a case-by-case approach. Based on your research, you may also opt for a 3-part thesis statement. Clearly dictate your assertion on the topic.
A thesis is an in-depth research study that identifies a particular topic of inquiry and presents a clear argument or perspective about that topic using evidence and logic. Writing a thesis showcases your ability of critical thinking, gathering evidence, and making a compelling argument. Integral to these competencies is thorough research ...
Have a notepad next to your computer. Write down thoughts that pop into your head, things you remember you need to do, and anything else unrelated to your thesis that crosses your mind. This way, you don't forget about these thoughts, but you can keep writing. I find this really helps me because I tend to remember that I need to book 8 ...
The thesis needs to be narrow. Although the scope of your paper might seem overwhelming at the start, generally the narrower the thesis the more effective your argument will be. Your thesis or claim must be supported by evidence. The broader your claim is, the more evidence you will need to convince readers that your position is right.
Features of A Successful Thesis. This handout is available for download in DOCX format and PDF format. A thesis must consist of a claim. Questions are not claims; nor are simple descriptions. A thesis is not a topic or theme, either. It is a contention—something to be argued. A thesis should not be obviously true or false.
Todoist: A to-do list app that works across platforms and can integrate with other tools, NYT calls Todoist "one of the most well-known to-do list apps, and for a good reason.". Asana: Equal parts time management and workflow, Asana helps you break your thesis-writing process into manageable parts, and even assigns yourself tasks one at a time.
Useful Tips on Writing a Good Thesis Statement for an Essay. What is a thesis statement? How should it look like? Newbies are sick and tired of answering those questions. A thesis statement is actually a movie trailer for your major work. It highlights the key ideas and aspects of the topic.
Thesis Tips. Here are a few useful tips and pieces of advice based on the experiences of past seniors to help you navigate the process of writing your thesis. Advance preparation, planning, and organization will be your best friends as you begin your work, and careful prior thought and consideration will make your life much easier.
Thesis is a scholarly document that presents a student's original research and findings on a particular topic or question. It is usually written as a requirement for a graduate degree program and is intended to demonstrate the student's mastery of the subject matter and their ability to conduct independent research.
Here are some useful tips for writing a thesis. Start Early: Begin your thesis writing process as soon as possible to allow ample time for research, drafting, revisions, and proofreading. Choose a Manageable Topic: Select a topic that interests you and is manageable in scope for a thesis. Ensure it aligns with your academic goals and resources.
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Try These Useful Tips appeared first on Kellys Thoughts On Things. Kelly's Thoughts On Things. Writing A Recipe Online? Try These Useful Tips. Story by Devante • 5mo. When a cookbook is out of ...
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A roundup of useful advice from our June episodes: how to reach a "eureka moment" at work, the safest place to put a grill (not against the house!), and a counterintuitive way to get over your crush.
Announcement of Final Thesis Defense. Crop and Soil Science M.S. Degree . Candidate's Name: Maria Kenneth Lane S. Bearss. Seminar/Examination Information: Date: July 11, 2024 Time: 9:00 AM Place: A271 PSSB . FOR ZOOM INFO CONTACT LAUREN COLBY. Title of Thesis