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Research Projects

The UITM has a great experience in the implementation of external research grants, including international projects, most of which are funded by various EU programmes, as well as domestic projects funded by the Polish government and research institutions, in particular, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Centre in Poland.

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Research projects will partner students with DOE national labs to help students develop hands-on research experience

WASHINGTON, D.C . - Today, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)  announced $16 million in funding for four projects providing classroom training and research opportunities to train the next generation of accelerator scientists and engineers needed to deliver scientific discoveries. 

U.S. global competitiveness in discovery science relies on increasingly complex charged particle accelerator systems that require world-leading expertise to develop and operate. These programs will train the next generation of scientists and engineers, providing the expertise needed to lead activities supported by the DOE Office of Science. These programs will develop new curricula and guide a diverse cadre of graduate students working towards a master’s or Ph.D. thesis in accelerator science and engineering.

“Particle accelerator technology enables us to tackle challenges at the frontiers of science and benefits our nation’s high-tech industries, modern medicine, and national security,” said Regina Rameika, DOE Associate Director of Science for High Energy Physics. “The awards announced today will help to develop the workforce to advance the state-of-the-art in accelerator technology while helping deploy these technologies in commercial applications in the health, security, environmental, and industrial sectors. These programs at American universities will help ensure that our nation has a skilled and diverse workforce to develop the accelerator technology needed to meet the scientific challenges of the future.”

Research projects will partner students with DOE national labs to help students develop hands-on research experience. These projects include opportunities for graduate research across a broad range including beam physics at the systems level, technologies of large accelerators, high reliability design and failure analysis, and the fundamentals of project management. Students may also explore the material science, design methodology, fabrication techniques, and operations constraints needed to produce and operate superconducting radiofrequency accelerators. Additional research opportunities in the areas of high-reliability, high-power radiofrequency systems and large-scale cryogenic systems, particularly liquid helium systems, are available through these programs.

The projects were selected by competitive peer review under the DOE Funding Opportunity Announcement for DOE Traineeship in Accelerator Science & Engineering. 

Total funding is $16 million for projects lasting up to five years in duration, with $3 million in Fiscal Year 2024 dollars and outyear funding contingent on congressional appropriations. Funding is provided by the  High Energy Physics and the  Accelerator R&D and Production programs. The list of projects and more information can be found on the  High Energy Physics program homepage and the  Accelerator R&D and Production program homepage.

Selection for award negotiations is not a commitment by DOE to issue an award or provide funding. Before funding is issued, DOE and the applicants will undergo a negotiation process, and DOE may cancel negotiations and rescind the selection for any reason during that time. 

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CURO ignites passion for research with student symposium

University of Georgia undergraduate students came together to showcase their individual research projects and achievements on April 8-9 at the Center for Undergraduate Research Opportunities (CURO) Symposium.

For 25 years, the CURO Symposium has served as an opportunity to highlight the breadth and depth of undergraduate research across multiple disciplines. CURO enables undergraduates to engage in faculty-mentored research as early as their first year, regardless of discipline, major, or GPA. The program supports students in discovering and seizing opportunities, selecting mentors, and showcasing and disseminating research.

“Students benefit in so many ways, including hands-on experience that goes beyond what they learn in the classroom,” CURO Program Coordinator Andrea Silletti said. “They have the ability to contribute to the body of knowledge in their chosen fields, and mentors get support for their own research endeavors while also training the next generation of scholars.”

The two-day event took place at the Classic Center and included a keynote address by Ron Walcott, vice provost for graduate education and dean of the Graduate School. Walcott also serves as a professor in the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Department of Plant Pathology .

“The CURO Symposium is a lot like a seed,” Walcott said in his keynote address. “It’s like a seed that was planted 25 years ago and has positively impacted the lives of many students, whose careers have blossomed and are now producing seeds of their own.”

The 2024 Symposium featured 623 undergraduates pursuing 188 different majors from 16 schools and colleges. Almost 280 faculty members from 75 departments served as mentors. This year’s symposium featured new components, such as Cafe CURO, an opportunity for students and mentors to network over coffee, and a training session for graduate student mentors.

“This year’s symposium turned out even better than we could have imagined,” Silleti said. “We had a significant increase in the number of student presentations this year and the feedback we’ve gotten so far from participants and audience members has been fantastic.”

Cecilia Rhine is a third-year exercise and sports science student in the Mary Frances Early College of Education. Rhine’s project studied the effects of daily step counting on the strain of tibial cartilage. With a step intervention that aimed to increase participants’ daily step counts, she hypothesized that there would be a smaller decrease in cartilage thickness with greater daily steps.

“This is because I thought ‘conditioning’ of the knee would mean that the cartilage wouldn’t compress as much with more load presented on the knee,” Rhine said. “After all, it’s gotten used to having that much weight on the knee.”

After seeing her friend participate in CURO during her freshman year, Rhine wanted to do the same before she graduated.

“This journey not only provided me with valuable research experience but also fostered meaningful connections with scholars in the same field as me and supported my academic pursuits,” she said. “I know that research is an important part of kinesiology and science, which is why I wanted to be a part of it during my undergraduate studies.”

After she finishes her degree, Rhine plans to go to physical therapy school to eventually earn a Doctor of Physical Therapy license.

For Riley Forrestall, a third-year student double majoring in plant biology and ecology, this is his second time presenting at CURO. His project, titled “Comparison of Forested and Edge Communities of Flower Flies (Syrphidae),” is part of a larger study headed by CAES Department of Entomology Graduate Research Assistant Miriam Edelkind-Vealey that focuses on pollinator communities in the forest. Forrestall specifically focused on hover fly (Syrphidae) communities and how they might change between forest interior and edge communities.

“I grew up appreciating flowers and making sense of how nature is connected, so that’s why this research means so much to me,” Forrestall said.

After he graduates next year, Forrestall plans to pursue a master’s degree in evolutionary botany and entomology. Eventually, Forrestall hopes to become a professor of ecology or evolutionary biology and botany and continue his research on the origins of different species.

Thinking about the future of CURO, Silletti hopes to see an increase in presentations from non-STEM fields, such as the arts and humanities, and creating a better sense of community among UGA’s undergraduate research scholars.

“Overall,” she said, “I hope we continue to engage students across campus in projects that excite, educate, and prepare them to be successful, whatever their goals.”

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U.S. centenarian population is projected to quadruple over the next 30 years

The number of Americans ages 100 and older is projected to more than quadruple over the next three decades, from an estimated 101,000 in 2024 to about 422,000 in 2054, according to projections from the U.S. Census Bureau. Centenarians currently make up just 0.03% of the overall U.S. population, and they are expected to reach 0.1% in 2054.

The number of centenarians in the United States has steadily ticked up since 1950, when the Census Bureau estimates there were just 2,300 Americans ages 100 and older. (The Census Bureau uses calculated estimates for years prior to the 1990 census because it has identified large errors in the census counts of centenarians for those years.)

In the last three decades alone, the U.S. centenarian population has nearly tripled. The 1990 census counted around 37,000 centenarians in the country.

Pew Research Center conducted this analysis to understand how the population of Americans ages 100 and older looks today, and how it is expected to change in the next 30 years. U.S. population estimates come from the U.S. Census Bureau , and global projections are drawn from the United Nations’ population projections under its medium variant scenario .

All racial groups are single-race and non-Hispanic. Hispanics are of any race.

Today, women and White adults make up the vast majority of Americans in their 100s. This trend is largely projected to continue, though their shares will decrease:

• In 2024, 78% of centenarians are women, and 22% are men. In 30 years, women are expected to make up 68% of those ages 100 and older, while 32% will be men.
• 77% of today’s centenarians are White. Far fewer are Black (8%), Asian (7%) or Hispanic (6%). And 1% or fewer are multiracial; American Indian or Alaska Native; or Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander. By 2054, White and Asian adults are projected to make up smaller shares of centenarians (72% and 5%, respectively), while the shares who are Hispanic (11%) or Black (10%) will be larger. (All racial categories here are single-race and non-Hispanic. Hispanics are of any race.)

The U.S. population overall is expected to trend older in the coming decades as life expectancies increase and the birth rate declines. There are currently roughly 62 million adults ages 65 and older living in the U.S., accounting for 18% of the population. By 2054, 84 million adults ages 65 and older will make up an estimated 23% of the population.

Even as the 65-and-older population continues to grow over the next 30 years, those in their 100s are projected to roughly double as a percentage of that age group, increasing from 0.2% of all older Americans in 2024 to 0.5% in 2054.

Centenarians around the world

The world is home to an estimated 722,000 centenarians, according to the United Nations’ population projections for 2024. The U.S. centenarian population is the world’s second largest – the UN estimates it at 108,000, slightly larger than the Census Bureau’s estimate.

Japan is the country with the greatest number of people in their 100s, at 146,000. China (60,000), India (48,000) and Thailand (38,000) round out the top five.

In each of these countries, centenarians make up less than 1% of the overall population, but combined, they account for more than half (55%) of the world’s population ages 100 and older.

Looked at another way, centenarians make up a bigger proportion of the total population in Japan, Thailand and the U.S., and smaller shares in China and India, which have large but relatively young populations. There are about 12 centenarians for every 10,000 people in Japan, five for every 10,000 in Thailand and three for every 10,000 in the U.S. That compares with fewer than one centenarian for every 10,000 people in China and India.

By 2054, the global centenarian population is projected to grow to nearly 4 million. China is expected to have the largest number of centenarians, with 767,000, followed by the U.S., India, Japan and Thailand. As a proportion, centenarians are projected to account for about 49 out of every 10,000 people in Thailand, 40 of every 10,000 in Japan and 14 of every 10,000 in the U.S. Six out of every 10,000 people in China will be centenarians, as will about two of every 10,000 in India.

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NIH Extramural Nexus

Updated Analyses Suggest Continued Decline in Research Project Grant Funding Inequalities for NIH-Supported Investigators, but Organizational Inequalities Remain: FY 1998 to FY 2023

We previously showed in this January 2022 blog (based on this paper ) that the inequalities in the distribution of Research Project Grant (RPG) funding to principal investigators increased, especially at the top end of funding, during the NIH budget doubling and the first few years after the 2013 budget sequestration. The degree of inequality appeared to fall, however, after NIH implemented the Next Generation Researchers Initiative (NGRI) near the end of  FY2017. Here we present follow-up data that shows that the trends seen in recent years appear to be continuing in fiscal year (FY) 2023.

When reading this post, please keep in mind that, in general, NIH awards grants to institutions , not individual scientists. For simplicity here, we refer to PIs receiving awards, but understand this means the scientists designated by their institutions as Principal Investigators.

Measuring Inequality

Our previous post details how economists describe inequality, which we used for our analyses here. In brief:

• The “Top-proportion” allows us to track the percent of funds awarded to the top XX percent of investigators. For example, what percent of funds go to the top 1% of investigators. Were funds allocated uniformly, the top 1% of investigators would receive 1% of the funds. In an extremely unequal situation, the top 1% of investigators might receive over 50% of the funds.
• The “standard deviation of the log of funding (“SD-log”)”, by contrast, reflects more on the low and middle rungs of funding.
• The “Theil Index” is more sensitive to the higher rungs of funding, like the top-proportion approach. It enables us to explore inequalities between groups as well as those within groups.

Inequality of RPG Funding for Principal Investigators

As we saw previously, the percent of RPG funds going to the top 1% and top 10% of investigators increased during the NIH budget doubling and following the first years after budget increases following the FY2013 budget sequestration (Figure 1, panels A and B). After the announcement of NGRI late in FY2017 , however, the degree of inequality fell. We can see that in FY 2023 the percent of funds going to the top 1% of investigators dropped below FY2013 levels (Figure 1, panel B). The Theil index showed a similar trajectory (Figure 1, panel D). we did not see any clear trends in the SD-log (Figure 1, panel C), suggesting no changes seen for researchers at the lower or middle rungs of funding.

The FY 2023 data also demonstrate similar characteristics for the top 1% of funded investigators as seen before. They are more likely to be in late career stages (Panel A), male (Panel B), white (Panel C), hold an MD degree (Panel D), and supported by multiple RPG awards (see also Table 1).

Table 1: Investigator Characteristics According to Centile of Funding in Fiscal Year 2023. Values shown in parentheses are percentages for categorical variables and IQR for continuous variables. IQR = inter-quartile range. ND = not displayed due to small cell size.

Inequality Between and Within Groups

Next, we sought to understand if the inequalities seen were “within-group” or “between-group.” As a reminder from our prior post, we can consider height inequalities of athletes to conceptualize this concept. For instance, there is a great deal of “between-group” inequalities in the heights of jockeys and professional basketball players. On the other hand, we would primarily observe “within-group” inequalities if we focused on professional basketball players from either the east or west coast.

Focusing our attention back on NIH supported scientists categorized by career stage, we can use Theil index to assess these types of inequalities. A visual look at the distribution of funding for these PIs in FY 2023 shows the inequalities are primarily within- group for gender, race-ethnicity, and degree (Figure 2).

Organizational Inequalities

While investigator inequalities declined since FY2017 (Figure 1, panels A, B, and D), we saw an increase in organizational inequalities over the same time (Figure 3, Panels A, B, and D). The degree of organizational inequality was still lower in FY2023 than when it peaked in the late 2000s.

There were also between-group inequalities, with medical schools receiving substantially more funding than other kinds of institutions (Figure 4).

Our follow-up (FY 2023) analyses continue to show that investigator inequalities substantially declined since NGRI. However, organizational inequalities modestly increased during the same time. We will continue to follow these data to better understand how our programs and policies can help us reduce funding inequalities when possible.

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