(Barkley, 2008)
(Cooper, Robinson, & Patall, 2006)
(Olympia & Andrews,1994)
1
10 Minutes
--
10-45 Minutes
2
20 Minutes
--
10-45 Minutes
Despite the differences in the recommendations from these sources, the table shows broad agreement about how much homework to assign at each grade. At grades 1-3, homework should be limited to an hour or less per day, while in grades 4-6, homework should not exceed 90 minutes. The upper limit in grades 7-8 is 2 hours and the limit in high school should be 2.5 hours.
Teachers can use the homework time recommendations included here as a point of comparison: in particular, schools should note that assigning homework that exceeds the upper limit of these time estimates is not likely to result in additional learning gains--and may even be counter-productive (Cooper, Robinson, & Patall, 2006).
It should also be remembered that the amount of homework assigned each day is not in itself a sign of high academic standards. Homework becomes a powerful tool to promote learning only when students grasp the purpose of each homework assignment, clearly understand homework directions, perceive that homework tasks are instructionally relevant, and receive timely performance feedback (e.g., teacher comments; grades) on submitted homework (Jenson, Sheridan, Olympia, & Andrews, 1994).
When I was a newbie I was always asking other homeschoolers, “How many hours do you homeschool?” I almost always got a vague response like, “We are always learning,” or “It changes from day to day.”
But I wanted something a little more concrete than that! I wanted them to give me lesson time breakdowns of how many hours you needed to homeschool. I wanted a guide – a homeschool schedule .
At our home school group we did a survey of days mums spent on formal lessons and 13 out of 14 mums only did it 4 days per week.
I have set up a simple routine in my home. It is the perfect mix for me. A little routine to stop me stressing out and feeling like “we do nothing”, and the freedom to pursue interest and play.
When I first began homeschooling I kept asking other home school mothers, “How many hours do you homeschool?” They all seemed reluctant to put a time on their day. Finally one confessed how much time she spent doing lessons and I was a little shocked to find out it wasn’t much at all. Coming from a school mentality I expected that approximately six hours per day were spent doing lessons.
Schools have a 25 week and they fill it with activities and when we first begin homeschooling we think that is what we need to do.
But when you homeschool all learning activities can be counted as educational. However it is helpful to see how schools breakdown subjects and their recommended hours. Now remember before you take these to heart these are not sit down lessons every day.
Although school hours are somewhat irrelevant. You can find the NSW lessons times reference here.
Now I understand more about homeschooling I realise, homeschooling is a lifestyle. When we set up an atmosphere of learning in our home, that makes learning happen “whenever”.
Many a time I, and other home school mothers, have been asked if we are school teachers by the general public because we are always making lessons out of our day; looking at a view, visiting the doctor, going through a checkout can turn into a lesson and to record all these moments would be impossible to capture on paper.
Children learn on their own as well, they can spend time doing all sorts of learning activities that could be lessons such as cooking, writing letters, caring for animals or coding computer games.
Read about how we used curriculum and natural learning in this article – Unschooling in Australia – Is It Possible If You Use Curriculum?
It’s good to get organised but some homeschoolers balk at setting times to home school because they argue that children are always learning and we need to wait for the learning opportunities to arise and then facilitate learning. However, I find it hard to drop everything in order to take advantage of all those learning opportunities available. To give me peace of mind and to accomplish things other than home school I need structure in my day.
I am reluctant to put a time figure on this because I know others will feel differently. But here goes!
This time allocation is reflecting the formal time learning. It does not include reading aloud , excursions, nature study , sport, art lessons , music practice and hobby subjects like craft, sewing or movie making . For the rest of our day we are still learning but it is just not confined to a sitting down/traditional schooling position.
We only have structured lessons for four days per week in the primary years. The other day is left for errands, field trips, visiting and special events. I am not alone in this.
Don’t Believe Me? Other Homeschool Mums Have Also Confessed.
Amy at Raising Arrows has similar homeschool times to me.
And if you are interested in the lesson times of some Charlotte Mason and Classic Educators then this old forum post discussing how others organise their homeschool day. It is interesting!
Please try again
A version of this post was originally published by Parenting Translator. Sign up for the newsletter and follow Parenting Translator on Instagram .
In recent years, homework has become a very hot topic . Many parents and educators have raised concerns about homework and questioned how effective it is in enhancing students’ learning. There are also concerns that students may be getting too much homework, which ultimately interferes with quality family time and opportunities for physical activity and play . Research suggests that these concerns may be valid. For example, one study reported that elementary school students, on average, are assigned three times the recommended amount of homework.
So what does the research say? What are the potential risks and benefits of homework, and how much is too much?
First, research finds that homework is associated with higher scores on academic standardized tests for middle and high school students, but not elementary school students . A recent experimental study in Romania found some benefit for a small amount of writing homework in elementary students but not math homework. Yet, interestingly, this positive impact only occurred when students were given a moderate amount of homework (about 20 minutes on average).
The goal of homework is not simply to improve academic skills. Research finds that homework may have some non-academic benefits, such as building responsibility , time management skills, and task persistence . Homework may also increase parents’ involvement in their children’s schooling. Yet, too much homework may also have some negative impacts on non-academic skills by reducing opportunities for free play , which is essential for the development of language, cognitive, self-regulation and social-emotional skills. Homework may also interfere with physical activity and too much homework is associated with an increased risk for being overweight . As with the research on academic benefits, this research also suggests that homework may be beneficial when it is minimal.
Research suggests that homework should not exceed 1.5 to 2.5 hours per night for high school students and no more than one hour per night for middle school students. Homework for elementary school students should be minimal and assigned with the aim of building self-regulation and independent work skills. Any more than this and homework may no longer have a positive impact.
The National Education Association recommends 10 minutes of homework per grade and there is also some experimental evidence that backs this up.
Research finds that homework provides some academic benefit for middle and high school students but is less beneficial for elementary school students. Research suggests that homework should be none or minimal for elementary students, less than one hour per night for middle school students, and less than 1.5 to 2.5 hours for high school students.
Research finds that parental help with homework is beneficial but that it matters more how the parent is helping rather than how often the parent is helping.
So how should parents help with homework, according to the research?
Cara Goodwin, PhD, is a licensed psychologist, a mother of three and the founder of Parenting Translator , a nonprofit newsletter that turns scientific research into information that is accurate, relevant and useful for parents.
Homework; the term elicits a myriad of responses. Students are naturally opposed to the idea of homework. No student ever says, “I wish my teacher would assign me more homework.” Most students begrudge homework and find any opportunity or possible excuse to avoid doing it.
Educators themselves are split on the issue. Many teachers assign daily homework seeing it as a way to further develop and reinforce core academic skills, while also teaching students responsibility. Other educators refrain from assigning daily homework. They view it as unnecessary overkill that often leads to frustration and causes students to resent school and learning altogether.
Parents are also divided on whether or not they welcome homework. Those who welcome it see it as an opportunity for their children to reinforce critical learning skills. Those who loathe it see it as an infringement of their child’s time. They say it takes away from extra-curricular activities, play time, family time, and also adds unnecessary stress.
Research on the topic is also inconclusive. You can find research that strongly supports the benefits of assigning regular homework, some that denounce it as having zero benefits, with most reporting that assigning homework offers some positive benefits, but also can be detrimental in some areas.
Since opinions vary so drastically, coming to a consensus on homework is nearly impossible. We sent a survey out to parents of a school regarding the topic, asking parents these two basic questions:
The responses varied significantly. In one 3 rd grade class with 22 students, the responses regarding how much time their child spends on homework each night had an alarming disparity. The lowest amount of time spent was 15 minutes, while the largest amount of time spent was 4 hours. Everyone else fell somewhere in between. When discussing this with the teacher, she told me that she sent home the same homework for every child and was blown away by the vastly different ranges in time spent completing it. The answers to the second question aligned with the first. Almost every class had similar, varying results making it really difficult to gauge where we should go as a school regarding homework.
While reviewing and studying my school’s homework policy and the results of the aforementioned survey, I discovered a few important revelations about homework that I think anyone looking at the topic would benefit from:
1. Homework should be clearly defined. Homework is not unfinished classwork that the student is required to take home and complete. Homework is “extra practice” given to take home to reinforce concepts that they have been learning in class. It is important to note that teachers should always give students time in class under their supervision to complete class work. Failing to give them an appropriate amount of class time increases their workload at home. More importantly, it does not allow the teacher to give immediate feedback to the student as to whether or not they are doing the assignment correctly. What good does it do if a student completes an assignment if they are doing it all incorrectly? Teachers must find a way to let parents know what assignments are homework and which ones are classwork that they did not complete.
2. The amount of time required to complete the same homework assignment varies significantly from student to student. This speaks to personalization. I have always been a big fan of customizing homework to fit each individual student. Blanket homework is more challenging for some students than it is for others. Some fly through it, while others spend excessive amounts of time completing it. Differentiating homework will take some additional time for teachers in regards to preparation, but it will ultimately be more beneficial for students.
The National Education Association recommends that students be given 10-20 minutes of homework each night and an additional 10 minutes per advancing grade level. The following chart adapted from the National Education Associations recommendations can be used as a resource for teachers in Kindergarten through the 8 th grade.
|
|
Kindergarten | 5 – 15 minutes |
1 Grade | 10 – 20 minutes |
2 Grade | 20 – 30 minutes |
3 Grade | 30 – 40 minutes |
4 Grade | 40 – 50 minutes |
5 Grade | 50 – 60 minutes |
6 Grade | 60 – 70 minutes |
7 Grade | 70 – 80 minutes |
8 Grade | 80 – 90 minutes |
It can be difficult for teachers to gauge how much time students need to complete an assignment. The following charts serve to streamline this process as it breaks down the average time it takes for students to complete a single problem in a variety of subject matter for common assignment types. Teachers should consider this information when assigning homework. While it may not be accurate for every student or assignment, it can serve as a starting point when calculating how much time students need to complete an assignment. It is important to note that in grades where classes are departmentalized it is important that all teachers are on the same page as the totals in the chart above is the recommended amount of total homework per night and not just for a single class.
|
|
Single Math Problem | 2 minutes |
English Problem | 2 minutes |
Research Style Questions (i.e. Science) | 4 minutes |
Spelling Words – 3x each | 2 minutes per word |
Writing a Story | 45 minutes for 1-page |
Reading a Story | 3 minutes per page |
Answering Story Questions | 2 minutes per question |
Vocabulary Definitions | 3 minutes per definition |
*If students are required to write the questions, then you will need to add 2 additional minutes per problem. (i.e. 1-English problem requires 4 minutes if students are required to write the sentence/question.)
|
|
Single-Step Math Problem | 2 minutes |
Multi-Step Math Problem | 4 minutes |
English Problem | 3 minutes |
Research Style Questions (i.e. Science) | 5 minutes |
Spelling Words – 3x each | 1 minutes per word |
1 Page Essay | 45 minutes for 1-page |
Reading a Story | 5 minutes per page |
Answering Story Questions | 2 minutes per question |
Vocabulary Definitions | 3 minutes per definition |
*If students are required to write the questions, then you will need to add 2 additional minutes per problem. (i.e. 1-English problem requires 5 minutes if students are required to write the sentence/question.)
It is recommended that 5 th graders have 50-60 minutes of homework per night. In a self-contained class, a teacher assigns 5 multi-step math problems, 5 English problems, 10 spelling words to be written 3x each, and 10 science definitions on a particular night.
|
|
|
|
Multi-Step Math | 4 minutes | 5 | 20 minutes |
English Problems | 3 minutes | 5 | 15 minutes |
Spelling Words – 3x | 1 minute | 10 | 10 minutes |
Science Definitions | 3 minutes | 5 | 15 minutes |
|
|
3. There are a few critical academic skill builders that students should be expected to do every night or as needed. Teachers should also consider these things. However, they may or may not, be factored into the total time to complete homework. Teachers should use their best judgment to make that determination:
4. Coming to a general consensus regarding homework is almost impossible. School leaders must bring everyone to the table, solicit feedback, and come up with a plan that works best for the majority. This plan should be reevaluated and adjusted continuously. What works well for one school may not necessarily be the best solution for another.
It is beneficial to know how to calculate your current grade in a course in order to know what you need to achieve on your final exam to obtain your desired overall course grade. Below is an example of how to use the following grade calculator to determine your current course grade before the final exam.
To use this calculator, simply input your current percentage on an assignment, test or exam as well as the value it has towards your final grade. For each new assignment, test or exam, click on "Add New Assignment". Your results will be updated as you input assignments.
In Sally’s class, there are four categories of major assignments which sum up her final grade. The first category consists of three small assignments worth a total of 15% and the second category is a project worth 25%. She also has a midterm and a final exam worth 30% each.
Sally received the marks 7/ 10 , 4/ 5 and 15/ 20 on her three small assignments, 80% on her project and 25/ 40 on her midterm. She wants to calculate what her current mark is before she takes the final exam, so she can find out what score she will need to get on her final exam in order to get an overall average of 75% in the course.
Using this calculator, Sally can calculate her mark easily and quickly. First, she will have to calculate the total percentage of her three small assignments since they are all in the same category of assignments worth 15% of her final grade. The following is an example of how Sally adds up all of her small assignments:
A. Divide the mark given for each small assignment by the possible mark for each small assignment.
B. Add the marks given for each assignment. Then add the possible marks given for each assignment. Divide the given mark by the possible mark. The answer will be a decimal.
C. Multiply the decimal by 100 to calculate the percentage.
0.7429 x 100=74.29%
With that percentage, Sally knows what she got in the assignments category.
In order to find the percentage of her midterm exam, Sally has to divide 25 by 40. She can take the answer (shown as a decimal) and multiply it by 100 to get the percentage.
25/ 40 =0.625 x 100=62.5 %
By plugging in the percentages of the marks she received from every category, Sally managed to figure out that she currently has 71.275% in the course, which is 2.7 GPA (see the grade calculator below).
In order to figure out what she needs to score on her final exam in order to achieve a final mark of 75% in the course, Sally took her current grade of 49.8935 (see grade calculator below) and subtracted that from her desired goal of 75 to get 25.1065. This means that Sally needs to get 25.1065/ 30 or 83.68% on her final exam to get a 75% in the course.
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We recommend that your child spend between 45 - 75 minutes per night. Once your child is in highschool, Grade 9 - 12 students usually receive four to five sets of homework per week. According to Figure 2, high school students should focus about 25-30 minutes on each subject. For example, if your child is in Grade 10 and has a Math and ...
According to the 10-minute rule, teachers should add 10 minutes of homework for each grade a student completes, starting with the first grade. In other words, a first-grader would be assigned 10 minutes of homework, a second-grader 20 minutes, a third-grader 30 minutes, and so on.
From kindergarten to 5th grade, it was just under three hours per week; from 6th to 8th grade, it was 3.2 hours; and from 9th to 12th grade, it was 3.5 hours. There are two points to note.
Grade 6 - 30 to 60 minutes. Grade 7 - 35 to 70 minutes. Grade 8 - 40 to 80 minutes. In grades 9-12, homework depends on assignments, course, or program. Some students, including those with special needs, may have more of an in-class focus for their learning. Grades 9 and 10 - 6 to 10 hours per week. Grades 11 and 12 - an average of 10 ...
ldren spent on homework each day. Based on their responses, it was determined that over 70 per cent of Grade 4 students spend less. han 30 minutes a day on homework. As seen in Chart 1 below, in the early years, there is an inverse relationship between the amount of time spent on.
The National PTA and the National Education Association support the " 10-minute homework guideline "—a nightly 10 minutes of homework per grade level. But many teachers and parents are quick to point out that what matters is the quality of the homework assigned and how well it meets students' needs, not the amount of time spent on it.
Review of Educational Research 76 (1): 1-62. Review of research from 1987 to 2003 in the United States suggests there is evidence to support positive influence of homework on achievement. Research reported that 7 to 12 hours of homework per week produced the largest benefits, in academic achievement, for grade 12 students.
in The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 to 12: Program Planning and Assessment, 2000and in curriculum policy documents for Grades 1 to 8, Grades 9 and 10, and Grades 11 and 12 published before the release of this document, with the following exception: The achievement charts in all
This means that each grade level should have a maximum homework time incrementing by 10 minutes depending on their grade level (for instance, ninth-graders would have 90 minutes of homework, 10th-graders should have 100 minutes, and so on). ... High schoolers reported doing an average of 2.7 hours of homework per weeknight, ...
A community for grade 12s in Ontario to discuss things about university admissions, OSAP, OUAC/OCAS uploads, and general program queries. Members Online In less than 4 hours I'll be done with grade 12 chem. Words can't describe how happy I am.
For decades, the homework standard has been a "10-minute rule," which recommends a daily maximum of 10 minutes of homework per grade level. Second graders, for example, should do about 20 ...
Ontario kids spend an average of 40 minutes a night on homework compared to 32 minutes in the rest of the country, according to the study conducted by the University of Toronto's Ontario Institute ...
The Toronto District School Board offers a simple guideline to help determine how much homework is appropriate at each grade level. Following the guideline of 10 minutes per grade level, each grade should have this amount of homework: 30 minutes in Grade 3. 40 minutes in Grade 4. 50 minutes in Grade 5.
In high school students will receive four to five sets of homework per week, taking them between seventy-five and 150 minutes per set to complete. As children progress through school, homework and the amount of time engaged in homework increases in importance. Due to the significance of homework at the older age levels, it is not surprising ...
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Many districts follow the guideline of 10 minutes per grade level. This is a good rule of thumb and can be modified for specific students or subjects that need more or less time for assignments. This can also be helpful to gauge if you are providing too much (or too little) homework. Consider surveying your students on how much time is needed ...
At grades 1-3, homework should be limited to an hour or less per day, while in grades 4-6, homework should not exceed 90 minutes. The upper limit in grades 7-8 is 2 hours and the limit in high school should be 2.5 hours.
How Many Hours Do You Homeschool - Per Grade. Kindergarten (Prep)—Grade 2: 1 to 1 ½ hours/ 3 to 4 days per week. Grades 3—4: 2 to 3 hours/ 4 days per week. Grades 5—6: 3 to 4 hours/ 4 days per week. Grades 7—8: 4 to 6 hours/ 5 days per week. Grades 9—10: 5 to 6 hours/ 5 days per week. This time allocation is reflecting the formal ...
The National Education Association recommends 10 minutes of homework per grade and there is also some experimental evidence that backs this up. Overall translation. Research finds that homework provides some academic benefit for middle and high school students but is less beneficial for elementary school students. Research suggests that ...
The following chart adapted from the National Education Associations recommendations can be used as a resource for teachers in Kindergarten through the 8 th grade. Grade Level. Recommended Amount of Homework Per Night. Kindergarten. 5 - 15 minutes. 1 st Grade. 10 - 20 minutes. 2 nd Grade. 20 - 30 minutes.
Ontario is standardizing the practice, currently used by many teachers, of incorporating the results of the EQAO Grade 9 Assessment of Mathematics in their students' final math course marks. Teachers will make it 10 per cent or more of the student's final mark. This will begin in September 2024. Building Life and Job Skills
Below is an example of how to use the following grade calculator to determine your current course grade before the final exam. To use this calculator, simply input your current percentage on an assignment, test or exam as well as the value it has towards your final grade. ... 2000 Simcoe Street North Oshawa, Ontario L1G 0C5 Canada. 905.721.8668.
A community for grade 12s in Ontario to discuss things about university admissions, OSAP, OUAC/OCAS uploads, and general program queries. ... Pay for grading my homework . Pay for Grading my homework. Hello, i am in MHF4U advanced functions course. I am looking for someone who can grade my assignments and give feedback for 50$ per assignment ...