i need help with my dissertation uk

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The Best Dissertation Services In The UK

We have expert PhD writers from prestigious UK universities who are dedicated to assist students studying in the United Kingdom and all over the world. Take help from Britain’s best dissertation company and get your dream grades. From selecting a topic to writing the perfect literature review, we have got you covered.

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Why Take Help From Dissertation Services?

Dissertation writing is a challenging and time-consuming task that requires extensive research, critical thinking, and writing skills. Students pursuing advanced degrees such as a PhD or master’s degree often find it overwhelming to manage their coursework, research work, and dissertation writing simultaneously. This is where dissertation services UK come into play. These services provide professional assistance to students in completing their dissertations.

A dissertation company offer a wide range of services, including research, writing, editing, proofreading, and formatting. They employ highly qualified and experienced writers specialising in various subjects, ensuring students receive quality work. Additionally, they offer 24/7 support to students, which is beneficial in emergencies or last-minute revisions.

Taking help from dissertation services also ensures that the work is completed on time. These services have strict deadlines and ensure the work is delivered within the stipulated time frame. This is especially important for students with other commitments or deadlines.

We understand that there are many dissertation services scams. You should always look for a reputable UK dissertation services provider like ResearchProspect to complete your orders. We provide:

Dissertation Services UK – ResearchProspect offers premium dissertation services to students in the United Kingdom.

Dissertation Services International – ResearchProspect provides the best dissertation services all around the world at affordable prices.

About Our Experts

Our professionals are most adept with words and are well-equipped to verify that your dissertation is written impeccably. They’ve been in the industry for decades now, and thus, they have invaluable expertise you can rely on. Don’t miss a chance to work with reliable scholars and make your dissertation stand out of the crowd!

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Why Choose Our Dissertation Services UK

Fast turnaround time.

We have the fastest turnaround time, an impressive 97% client satisfaction rating, are committed to ensuring you publish your work, and offer a money-back guarantee.

Plagiarism-Free

We guarantee 100% original custom dissertation services that are plagiarism free. Our goal is to provide flawless services to British students.

Affordable Price

Our prices are the most competitive in the UK market. If you have any concerns about the price, please contact us over email, live chat or a phone call.

Free Revisions

There are many dissertation services scams out there, so to build your trust, we offer free unlimited revisions till you are completely satisfied.

Customised Approach

We have the best research and writing experts from top British universities to help you write a customised dissertation tailored to your requirements.

Excellent Customer Support

Our amazing customer support is available 24/7 to listen to your queries and issues and answer them in the most efficient and effective way.

Our Dissertation Samples

Browse our free dissertation samples and see how our writing service can help to relieve your pain. Each dissertation sample has been written by professional UK writers specialising in the specific subject area. Make an order today and unlock the key to secure academic success with ease.

Full Dissertation Samples

Quality：1st / 78%

Discipline：Economics

Academic Standard：Masters

Quality：1st / 74%

Discipline：Business

Quality：1st / 73%

Discipline：Project Management

Quality：1st / 79%

Discipline：Physiotherapy

Academic Standard：Undergraduate

Quality：1st / 76%

Discipline：Marketing

How To Order Our Dissertation Services UK?

If you are trying to find “how to order a dissertation”, here is easy help!

Pay and Confirm

Go to the order form, fill in the mandatory fields, tell us about your order specifics and make the payment.

Writer Starts Working

When you choose our dissertation service, we match you with the best-suited academic expert for your subject.

Download and Relax

Thanks for your patience. You can now download your perfectly written dissertation or have it delivered via email.

Trusted by over 1000,000 students

Thousands of students have used Essays UK academic support services to improve their grades. Why are you waiting?

I ordered my dissertation on this website and I was…

I ordered my dissertation on this website and I was worried about the quality of their work. But to be honest, their team of writers is so professional and experienced that they deliver the work according to my expectations, and I received an A grade in my dissertation. I highly recommend their dissertation service, not only for the high quality of the work, but they also offer unlimited free revisions. This will help to improve the dissertation up to 100%.

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Willowaym M.

Very good customer support

I been given 24 hours customer support which really retained me most confident that my dissertation writing mission was going well. Thank you so much for your Assistance.

Paying chapter by chapter.

Probably one of the top in dissertation writing services. I had a 60 pages dissertation and it was a bit expensive for me. I contacted them and they divided the amount into installments. In essence I was paying chapter by chapter.

FAQs About Our Dissertation Services

What does a dissertation include.

Here is what our dissertation services include; although it will be up to you to decide whether you need to order the entire dissertation paper or the individual chapters:

• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Methodology

How quickly can you complete my dissertation?

Since dissertations can be long and require a lot of research, we request you to allow our writers at least one week to complete the paper to the desired quality standard.

Do you always find a suitable writer? What happens if you can’t find a writer for my dissertation?

A qualified writer who can complete the project within the deadline is our team’s first preference. We only assign the work if we are 100% sure that the writer will complete it to the desired quality standard in time. If, however, we cannot assign the task to any writer after you have made the payment, we will refund you the full amount. However, such an incident rarely occurs.

What quality of work can I expect from ResearchProspect?

• First Quality Standard (70 % or above)
• 2:1 Quality Standard (60-70 %)
• 2:2 Quality Standard (50-60%)
• For PHD students, we offer one quality standard only.

Can I pay in instalments?

Payments for all services, including dissertations, essays, assignments, posters, etc., can be accepted in two instalments if the total order price is above £200. Our online order form will let you pay the full amount or only the 50% advance payment to confirm your order. If you decide to pay the 50% advance payment when placing your order, please note that the outstanding balance must be cleared before the final delivery.

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Need help writing your dissertation, essay, assignment, coursework or anything else?

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• How It Works

Dissertation Writing Services

Why choose our dissertation writing service?

• Fully customisable Select the word count, deadline and standard you need (we offer undergraduate through to PhD). Upload your university’s presentation guide when you place your order and we’ll make sure your dissertation looks perfect!
• Structured delivery Choose whether you’d like your dissertation to be delivered in stages or all at once. We understand that dissertations are complex projects, so you’ll be able to check the progress of your dissertation 24/7 regardless of which delivery option you choose.
• Free revisions Quality is our primary goal, but we recognise that tweaks are occasionally needed. Rest assured, we offer a 10-day free revisions period and the option to add on an extended revisions period if required.
• Various payment options No matter your budget, we have a payment option to suit. You could pay for your project in instalments, for example, or set a longer deadline to get the best possible price!
• No plagiarism Every order is scanned by our highly sensitive plagiarism detector to ensure there is absolutely no trace of plagiarism. You will never receive a plagiarised piece of work – this is our promise.

How It works

Dissertation services we offer, dissertation title ideas.

Struggling to come up with a topic for your dissertation? We can help! Choose this service and you’ll receive 5 title ideas for undergraduate or master’s level or 2 title ideas for PhD level.

Dissertation topic and outline

This service will provide you with a dissertation title, an introduction to the topic area, and a plan/outline for your dissertation. This can be either 500 words or 1000 words depending on your needs.

Dissertation proposal

This is a detailed document that sets out the rationale for the dissertation, a concise description of the relevant literature, and a methodology for the project. We can structure it according to your proposal framework if needed.

Full dissertation

We can help to produce a high-quality, finished dissertation that meets your university’s requirements. Got a topic already? Great! we can work with it. Alternatively, our expert writers can generate an original dissertation topic especially for you.

Literature review

Writing a literature review takes time because, before you can even start writing, you’ll need to carry out in-depth research. Save some time by ordering a bespoke literature review that’s tailored to your dissertation topic.

Dissertation chapter

Need an introduction, methodology, or conclusion? No problem. With this service, you’ll receive a dissertation chapter (or chapters) of your choice, written by an expert in your field.

Dissertation editing

If you choose this service, your writer will read through your dissertation and edit it to perfection. Editing is a service used by students of all levels and abilities, from undergraduate through to PhD.

Dissertation marking

The goal of our marking service is to offer students peace of mind… Your dissertation will be carefully analysed by our most proficient PhD holders, and they’ll determine whether the project has met the assessment criteria. They’ll also tell you how to improve your dissertation before submitting it!

Here are just a few examples of some of the dissertation projects our writers have produced. Rest assured, we take confidentiality very seriously, so these weren’t taken from live customer orders.

Dissertation Proposal

The Impact of Economic Recession on Customer Loyalty to Banks

Level: Master's Pass (50-59%)

Discipline: Business

Style: Harvard

Dissertation

Since we began in 2005, thousands of students from all over the world have used our dissertation writing services. Over the years, we’ve built a strong reputation for quality which we are very proud of. Check out some of our recent reviews below!

Why choose Ivory Research

There are countless reasons why our service stands head and shoulders above the rest. First and foremost, we only work with specialist writers; many of whom have published their work in peer-reviewed journals. This means we can provide students with unrivalled access to expertise. What’s more, we’re also one of few companies to work with only UK-graduated writers. That’s not all though, there many reasons why you should choose Ivory Research….

Established in 2005

We’re the leading and longest-running educational assistance service, so you can rely on us to deliver only the best quality!

Friendly London office

Have a question about our service? Pop into our office - we’d be happy to help! We’re so proud of our service that we love nothing more than to meet with our clients.

Consistent pool of writers

Our writers tend to stay loyal to us for many years, so there’s a high likelihood that you can keep working with the same writer again and again if that’s your preference.

Bonuses and rewards

We reward our customers generously so keep your eyes peeled for regular bonuses and incentives!

Delivered in stages

If you need your dissertation to be delivered in stages, that’s not a problem for us! Here at Ivory Research, we let you design the delivery schedule for your dissertation. We want you to be in control.

Secure and risk-free

When you purchase from us, you are protected by our guarantees. What’s more, all your data is kept 100% confidential, and we promise to NEVER publish or re-sell your work.

Why use dissertation writing services

When it comes to writing a dissertation, there are many hurdles to contend with. Perhaps the most daunting task of all is coming up with an interesting dissertation topic. Certainly, the best dissertations are those which fill a ‘gap’ in the existing literature, but it can be very hard for students to find these ‘gaps’ in the first place. Thankfully, this is where a dissertation writing service can help! Order from us and your expert writer will provide you with an inventive and original dissertation topic you can be proud of.

Once you’ve got the topic sorted, it’ll be time to write your dissertation proposal. Proposals can be stressful because you have to review the existing literature and then come up with a project that’s original yet complementary. Sounds like a lot of work, right? Thankfully, if you order a dissertation proposal service from Ivory Research, your writer will conduct a full literature review of the subject area and then use this insight to craft a strong dissertation proposal.

Once your proposal has been approved, you can begin writing your dissertation! For some students, it’s a relief to finally start writing…. But, for others, it can be incredibly stressful. In fact, it’s not unusual for students to suffer from ‘writer’s block’ when they’re faced with the task of writing up their dissertation. If you can relate then don’t worry! We’re here to help

How to use our service in the right way

Ivory Research dissertation services are designed to be used as a research and learning tool. If you use our service responsibly, you can expect to see your grades increase and your confidence flourish! So, how should you use our service in the right way? Well, here are our top tips:

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7 steps to writing a dissertation

While you may be experienced in revising and writing essays, your dissertation requires careful planning, extensive research, and time management to succeed

Your dissertation is a key part of your degree course and a testament to your ability to conduct research, analyse data, and write a clear argument. Dissertations can be challenging, but they are also rewarding experiences that allow you to explore a topic in-depth and make a significant contribution to your field of study.

To achieve your academic goals, it is important to act on feedback, use your supervision time to your advantage, and demonstrate a strong knowledge of your subject. Whether you're writing an undergraduate, Masters , or PhD dissertation, these seven steps can help you stay on track.

1. Choose your topic wisely

Selecting the right topic is the foundation of a successful dissertation. It is important to choose a topic that is:

• Relevant to your academic discipline and interests. This will ensure that you are passionate about your topic and have the necessary background knowledge to conduct meaningful research.
• Intriguing and thought-provoking . A well-chosen topic will inspire you to ask interesting questions and develop original insights.
• Specific enough to allow for in-depth analysis, yet broad enough to provide enough research material. A topic that is too narrow may be difficult to research or produce meaningful findings, while a topic that is too broad may be difficult to cover in the allowed time and word count.

Consider your career goals and what topics are relevant to the field you hope to work in after graduation. It's also important to be open to change, as it's common for students to modify their dissertation topic as they explore the subject more.

Once you have identified a potential topic, seek guidance from your supervisor. They can help you to refine your choice, identify relevant sources, and develop a research plan.

2. Check what's required of you

Read your marking criteria carefully. It is also important to consult the module guidelines and follow the instructions on any additional parts to your main assignment, such as a project plan, literature review or a critical reflection.

Neal Bamford, associate lecturer at London Metropolitan University, reports that his marking process always begins by 'distilling criteria to what students need to provide and how many marks this is worth.'

'Several dissertations I mark don't include a project plan in their submission. This is worth 20% of the overall mark, so students lose out on a significant portion of their grade'.

Before you begin to plan, make sure you understand what's expected of you. Find out:

• what academic writing looks like in your discipline
• the word count
• when and where you must submit your dissertation.

3. Conduct in-depth research

Research at this stage in the process is often referred to as a literature review. This is where you are expected to gather relevant sources, articles, and studies from libraries, and online academic resources to identify the existing research on your topic and to develop your own research questions.

'Form your own opinion and argue for it using research. A history of the topic is always helpful, as it shows that you understand how things got to this point in time,' says Neal.

Be sure to take careful notes on each source and organise them for easy reference. You need to critically evaluate and analyse the sources to ensure their credibility and relevance to your research. This will be helpful when citing your sources in the writing stage.

Don't forget to seek guidance from your advisor throughout the research process. They can provide you with valuable feedback, relevant sources, and support.

4. Develop a strong thesis statement

A well-defined thesis statement is a roadmap for your dissertation. It should concisely state your main argument or research question and provide a clear direction for your paper. Your thesis statement will guide your entire writing process, so take the time to fully understand it before you begin to write.

When writing a thesis statement:

• Be specific and focused - avoid broad or vague statements.
• Remember that your thesis needs to be arguable - it should be a statement that can be supported or proved false with evidence.
• Make sure your thesis is realistic - you need to be able to research and write about it in the allotted time and space.

Once you have a draft of your thesis statement, share it with your supervisor and other trusted peers. They can provide you with feedback and help you to refine your statement.

If your research disproves your original statement, it can be a disappointing experience. However, it is important to remember that this is a normal part of the research process.

'Many of my students believe that if they don't find the answer they're expecting, then their work is worthless,' says Neal.

'This is not the case. You don't have to find the answer to produce valuable research. Documenting your process and conclusions, even if they are inconclusive, can help others to avoid repeating your work and may lead to new approaches.'

5. Proofread and edit

After working on your dissertation for such a long time, it can be tempting to end the process once you have finished writing, but proofreading is an essential step in ensuring that it is polished and error-free.

To help with the proofreading process:

• Read your dissertation aloud . This can help you to catch errors that you might miss when reading silently.
• Change your environment to see your work with fresh eyes.
• Focus on one thing at a time such as grammar, spelling, or punctuation to avoid getting overwhelmed.

To edit your dissertation, begin by reviewing its overall structure and flow. Make sure that your arguments are well-organised and that your ideas are presented in a logical order.

Next, check your grammar, spelling, and punctuation carefully. You can use a grammar checker, but it is important to proofread your work yourself to identify stylistic or subject-specific errors.

'Make sure you understand the reference style your university prefers. Formatting and labelling of images, tables etc. is vitally important and will be marked,' says Neal.

You should also ensure that your dissertation is formatted using the correct font, font size, margins, and line spacing.

6. Seek feedback and finalise

Once you have made your final revisions, seek feedback from your advisor or board members.

To get the most out of your feedback, be specific about what you are looking for. For example, you might ask for feedback on the overall structure and flow of your dissertation, the strength of your arguments, or the clarity of your writing.

Be open to feedback, even if it's negative. Remember that your advisor is there to help you improve your work, so it's important to take the time to understand and implement the feedback you receive.

Once you have addressed all the feedback, you can prepare your final submission. It's important to follow the guidelines carefully before submitting. Be sure to hand in your dissertation on time, as late submissions may be penalised or even rejected.

Online hand in is the most common method of dissertation submission, and you will typically need to upload a PDF file to an online portal. Follow the instructions carefully - you may need to provide additional information, such as your student ID number or the title of your dissertation.

Some institutions still require dissertations to be submitted in hard copy. If this is the case, you will need to submit a bound copy of your dissertation to your department office. You may also need to pay the binding fee.

Be sure to check with your advisor or department office for specific instructions on how to submit your dissertation in hard copy. You may have to submit multiple copies of your dissertation, and you be required to to include a title page, abstract, and table of contents.

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• Read our 5 ways to manage student stress .
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• Consider our 7 time management tips for students .

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End Your Degree On A High With Our Dissertation Help In UK

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Dissertation Master UK is the ultimate hub of academic writing services that serve British students and help them achieve their dream scores. You can expect our dissertation helpers to hit the ball out of the park on the first attempt.

How long do you take to complete a project?

Students who are worried about their tricky deadlines can trust our online dissertation help. We have been in this industry for over a decade and know how to beat the clock.

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We are not limited to any specific cities in England. Students from London, Manchester, Cardiff, Leicester, Bristol, Leeds, Birmingham, Edinburgh, and all over Britain can acquire our services.

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You can place your “do my masters dissertation” orders with complete confidence as we safely process your data and keep your identity private. No one will ever know that you hired us.

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Unlike other dissertation writing companies, we do not go after your budget. There are no hidden charges and edits are also totally free. You can get as many revisions as you want.

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We need complete details about your topic and the teacher’s requirements to come up with a custom quote.

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You just have to text us and say, “write my masters dissertation for me,” and see how our experts make the most challenging paper a cakewalk for you. Students of all academic levels can get our British dissertation help for any subject of their choice,

Enjoy a smooth finish to your post-graduation with the help of our trusted and reliable dissertation services.

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This is your chance to look at the feedback about our British dissertation help and put yourself in the shoes of our customers. These reviews will tell you how good we are at composing these papers.

“I was willing to pay someone to write my dissertation because the clock was ticking and I had no clue how to start working on it. Thankfully, I got help from these masters dissertation writing experts. They were quick to respond and crafted a detailed document in literally no time at all.”

“My grades were not that impressive, and the only thing that could save my degree was the dissertation. I was not in the state of taking any risks. Therefore, I contacted this agency and asked them to write my dissertation for me. They obliged and composed a great document which literally boosted my scores.”

“My decision to hire a professional masters dissertation writing expert from this website turned out amazing. They assigned a relevant writer with loads of knowledge in my subject. The only reason why I was able to finish my degree on a positive note was because of this exceptionally talented team of writers.”

“I was searching for a service provider who could write my masters dissertation cheaply. However, none of them was ready to offer discounted pricing. This dissertation writing company was the only one that had budget-friendly rates. Their prices were not too expensive and the quality was way better than other writing firms.”

“Writing dissertation at master level is not that easy. It requires unmatched attention and never-ending research. My poor writing skills and shortage of time were the biggest hurdles between me and my degree. These professionals helped me clear all those obstacles with ease and complete my degree with flying colors.”

“I thought about different masters dissertation topics, but all of them were quite tricky and difficult to write about. It felt like I was stuck, and there was no way out. Dissertation assistance in London from these academic maestros proved to be a blessing in disguise for my struggling grades.”

“I was forced to order for masters dissertation because my goal was to maintain my CGPA. Since my friend already acquired their support and titled them as the best dissertation editing service, I was convinced to go for their help. They proved me right by delivering top-quality work that was appreciated even by the teacher.”

“I highly recommend this agency for dissertation services. Firstly, their prices are cheap. Secondly, their master’s dissertation writers can handle any deadline. They are a bunch of academic pros who are passionate about their work and love to offer dissertation help to the students in need.”

UK’s #1 Masters Dissertation Writing Services For A Reason!

We have all the skills required to produce a winning dissertation. From knowledgeable researchers to qualified academicians, certified writers, and sharp-sighted editors, we have all the resources covered to draft masters and PhD dissertations of unmatched quality standards.

• You will get papers with on-point formatting and proper referencing
• Do not worry about the deadline, as we offer rush deliveries
• Every paper is crafted from scratch with freshly sourced content

Type: Master’s Dissertation

Subject: Healthcare & Technology

Writer Level: Intermediate

We were not given enough time to research because the deadline was pretty close. In the end, we were able to deliver a meticulously written paper that was well-researched and properly formatted without causing any delays.

Type: Dissertation Proofreading

Subject: Data Analytics

Writer Level: Advanced

Our editing team was challenged once when they had to fix a paper that was in a very bad condition. At first, it looked like an impossible task, but since our specialists like to take on challenges, we refined that paper to perfection.

Type: MSc Dissertation

Subject: Technology Advancements

Writer Level: Senior

The student had a rough draft and wanted us to complete it. It was difficult at the start to keep everything coherent, but like always, we unleashed our professionalism and turned that raw content into an immaculate document.

Type: Dissertation Proposal

Subject: Market Segmentation

Writer Advanced

This was one of the toughest writing battles that we have fought. Our writing team and their skills were put to the test. The requirements were so complex that it took our most advanced writer to understand them. However, it also ended in a success.

Type: PhD Dissertation

Subject: Business Law

The harsh feedback demotivated the student and forced him to seek our assistance. They were at a crucial stage and wanted their PhD degree to have a smooth ending. Our impeccable paper turned the teacher’s criticism into appreciation.

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Climb The Success Ladder With Our Masters Dissertation Help In UK

Academic life throws several challenges at your face from start to end. However, the most difficult thing that you have to encounter will be the masters dissertation writing task. Also, you cannot ignore these papers as they are compulsory for your degree. We are here to make these worries vanish and make your academic life productive, peaceful, and stress-free. You are currently at one of the most acclaimed dissertation writing companies in UK that is trusted blindly by thousands of British students. We have unmatched expertise in crafting meticulous papers and can bring your desired grades within touching distance without leaving holes in your pocket.

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You can name any subject or topic, and we will find a relevant writer with dedicated expertise to work on your project. From masters to PhD and law to MBA, we cover the whole academic sphere.

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We have assembled a dream team of native writers and academic maestros to offer online dissertation help. These pros know what it takes to craft a paper that scores nothing less than an A+.

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Our masters dissertation writers can even make your strictest teachers praise and admire your work. We follow the guidelines provided by your professor and custom-tailor a paper that dazzles everyone.

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Along with writers, there is also a dedicated team of editors who closely scrutinize every draft before it is delivered. We make sure that you get a paper that is ready for submission straightaway.

How cheap are your dissertation writing services?

“I should pay someone to write my Masters dissertation” is the thought that almost every student has but they are restricted because of their limited budgets. Our dissertation help service can revive your grades without breaking the bank. Your “write my masters dissertation cheaply” requests are always welcome at our site.

Are you really the best dissertation writing website in UK?

We are different from other dissertation writing companies because our goal is not just to produce another piece of paper. We rather try to craft an academic masterpiece that can get compliments from the teachers and professors. Our team strives for your success and wants to see you thrive in your academic life.

Do you have skilled and qualified dissertation writing experts?

It takes a professional with loads of academic experience to deliver a detailed, informative, well-written, and flawless paper. We have a full-fledged team of such experts from a wide range of academic domains and fields to cater to your masters dissertation writing task. They have a secret recipe for success that every student wants.

Can I get a 100% original and non-plagiarized dissertation?

The key to good grades is fresh research and unique content. Submitting a plagiarised paper can be the biggest mistake a student can make. We have a strict policy against copied content. The work of all our masters dissertation writers is double-checked at the end for authenticity. You can even get an originality report for validation.

We welcome you to the all-in-one masters dissertation writing agency that helps British students make their academic dreams a reality. Our economical dissertation assistance can easily uplift your grades.

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Academic writing: a practical guide

Dissertations.

• Academic writing
• The writing process
• Academic writing style
• Structure & cohesion
• Criticality in academic writing
• Working with evidence
• Referencing
• Assessment & feedback
• Reflective writing
• Examination writing
• Academic posters
• Feedback on Structure and Organisation
• Feedback on Argument, Analysis, and Critical Thinking
• Feedback on Writing Style and Clarity
• Feedback on Referencing and Research
• Feedback on Presentation and Proofreading

Dissertations are a part of many degree programmes, completed in the final year of undergraduate studies or the final months of a taught masters-level degree. 

Introduction to dissertations

What is a dissertation.

A dissertation is usually a long-term project to produce a long-form piece of writing; think of it a little like an extended, structured assignment. In some subjects (typically the sciences), it might be called a project instead.

Work on an undergraduate dissertation is often spread out over the final year. For a masters dissertation, you'll start thinking about it early in your course and work on it throughout the year.

You might carry out your own original research, or base your dissertation on existing research literature or data sources - there are many possibilities.

What's different about a dissertation?

The main thing that sets a dissertation apart from your previous work is that it's an almost entirely independent project. You'll have some support from a supervisor, but you will spend a lot more time working on your own.

You'll also be working on your own topic that's different to your coursemate; you'll all produce a dissertation, but on different topics and, potentially, in very different ways.

Dissertations are also longer than a regular assignment, both in word count and the time that they take to complete. You'll usually have  most of an academic year to work on one, and be required to produce thousands of words; that might seem like a lot, but both time and word count will disappear very quickly once you get started! 

Find out more:

Key dissertation tools

Digital tools.

There are lots of tools, software and apps that can help you get through the dissertation process. Before you start, make sure you collect the key tools ready to:

• use your time efficiently
• organise yourself and your materials
• manage your writing
• be less stressed

Here's an overview of some useful tools:

Digital tools for your dissertation [Google Slides]

Setting up your document

Formatting and how you set up your document is also very important for a long piece of work like a dissertation, research project or thesis. Find tips and advice on our text processing guide:

University of York past Undergraduate and Masters dissertations

If you are a University of York student, you can access a selection of digitised undergraduate dissertations for certain subjects:

• History  
• History of Art  
• Social Policy and Social Work  

The Library also has digitised Masters dissertations for the following subjects:

• Archaeology
• Centre for Eighteenth-Century Studies  
• Centre for Medieval Studies  
• Centre for Renaissance and Early Modern Studies  
• Centre for Women's Studies  
• English and Related Literature
• Health Sciences
• History of Art
• Hull York Medical School
• Language and Linguistic Science
• School for Business and Society
• School of Social and Political Sciences ​​​​​​​

Dissertation top tips

Many dissertations are structured into four key sections:

• introduction & literature review

There are many different types of dissertation, which don't all use this structure, so make sure you check your dissertation guidance. However, elements of these sections are common in all dissertation types.

Dissertations that are an extended literature review do not involve data collection, thus do not have a methods or result section. Instead they have chapters that explore concepts/theories and result in a conclusion section. Check your dissertation module handbook and all information given to see what your dissertation involves. 

Introduction & literature review

The Introduction and Literature Review give the context for your dissertation:

• What topic did you investigate?
• What do we already know about this topic?
• What are your research questions and hypotheses?

Sometimes these are two separate sections, and sometimes the Literature Review is integrated into the Introduction. Check your guidelines to find out what you need to do.

Literature Review Top Tips [YouTube]  |  Literature Review Top Tips transcript [Google Doc]

The Method section tells the reader what you did  and why.

• Include enough detail so that someone else could replicate your study.
• Visual elements can help present your method clearly. For example, summarise participant demographic data in a table or visualise the procedure in a diagram. 
• Show critical analysis by justifying your choices. For example, why is your test/questionnaire/equipment appropriate for this study?
• If your study requires ethical approval, include these details in this section.

Methodology Top Tips [YouTube]  |  Methodology Top Tips transcript [Google Doc]

More resources to help you plan and write the methodology:

The Results tells us what you found out . 

It's an objective presentation of your research findings. Don’t explain the results in detail here - you’ll do that in the discussion section.

Results Top Tips [YouTube]  |  Results Top Tips transcript [Google Doc]

The Discussion is where you explain and interpret your results - what do your findings mean?

This section involves a lot of critical analysis. You're not just presenting your findings, but putting them together with findings from other research to build your argument about what the findings mean.

Discussion Top Tips [YouTube]  |  Discussion Top Tips transcript [Google Doc]

Conclusions are a part of many dissertations and/or research projects. Check your module information to see if you are required to write one. Some dissertations/projects have concluding remarks in their discussion section. See the slides below for more information on writing conclusions in dissertations.

Conclusions in dissertations [Google Slides]

The abstract is a short summary of the whole dissertation that goes at the start of the document. It gives an overview of your research and helps readers decide if it’s relevant to their needs.

Even though it appears at the start of the document, write the abstract last. It summarises the whole dissertation, so you need to finish the main body before you can summarise it in the abstract.

Usually the abstract follows a very similar structure to the dissertation, with one or two sentences each to show the aims, methods, key results and conclusions drawn. Some subjects use headings within the abstract. Even if you don’t use these in your final abstract, headings can help you to plan a clear structure.

Abstract Top Tips [YouTube]  |  Abstract Top Tips transcript [Google Doc]

Watch all of our Dissertation Top Tips videos in one handy playlist:

Research reports, that are often found in science subjects, follow the same structure, so the tips in this tutorial also apply to dissertations:

Other support for dissertation writing

Online resources.

The general writing pages of this site offer guidance that can be applied to all types of writing, including dissertations. Also check your department guidance and VLE sites for tailored resources.

Other useful resources for dissertation writing:

Appointments and workshops 

There is a lot of support available in departments for dissertation production, which includes your dissertation supervisor, academic supervisor and, when appropriate, staff teaching in the research methods modules.

You can also access central writing and skills support:

• << Previous: Reports
• Next: Reflective writing >>
• Last Updated: Apr 3, 2024 4:02 PM
• URL: https://subjectguides.york.ac.uk/academic-writing

How to write an undergraduate university dissertation

Writing a dissertation is a daunting task, but these tips will help you prepare for all the common challenges students face before deadline day.

Grace McCabe

Writing a dissertation is one of the most challenging aspects of university. However, it is the chance for students to demonstrate what they have learned during their degree and to explore a topic in depth.

In this article, we look at 10 top tips for writing a successful dissertation and break down how to write each section of a dissertation in detail.

10 tips for writing an undergraduate dissertation

1. Select an engaging topic Choose a subject that aligns with your interests and allows you to showcase the skills and knowledge you have acquired through your degree.

2. Research your supervisor Undergraduate students will often be assigned a supervisor based on their research specialisms. Do some research on your supervisor and make sure that they align with your dissertation goals.

3. Understand the dissertation structure Familiarise yourself with the structure (introduction, review of existing research, methodology, findings, results and conclusion). This will vary based on your subject.

4. Write a schedule As soon as you have finalised your topic and looked over the deadline, create a rough plan of how much work you have to do and create mini-deadlines along the way to make sure don’t find yourself having to write your entire dissertation in the final few weeks.

5. Determine requirements Ensure that you know which format your dissertation should be presented in. Check the word count and the referencing style.

6. Organise references from the beginning Maintain an alphabetically arranged reference list or bibliography in the designated style as you do your reading. This will make it a lot easier to finalise your references at the end.

7. Create a detailed plan Once you have done your initial research and have an idea of the shape your dissertation will take, write a detailed essay plan outlining your research questions, SMART objectives and dissertation structure.

8. Keep a dissertation journal Track your progress, record your research and your reading, and document challenges. This will be helpful as you discuss your work with your supervisor and organise your notes.

9. Schedule regular check-ins with your supervisor Make sure you stay in touch with your supervisor throughout the process, scheduling regular meetings and keeping good notes so you can update them on your progress.

10. Employ effective proofreading techniques Ask friends and family to help you proofread your work or use different fonts to help make the text look different. This will help you check for missing sections, grammatical mistakes and typos.

What is a dissertation?

A dissertation is a long piece of academic writing or a research project that you have to write as part of your undergraduate university degree.

It’s usually a long essay in which you explore your chosen topic, present your ideas and show that you understand and can apply what you’ve learned during your studies. Informally, the terms “dissertation” and “thesis” are often used interchangeably.

How do I select a dissertation topic?

First, choose a topic that you find interesting. You will be working on your dissertation for several months, so finding a research topic that you are passionate about and that demonstrates your strength in your subject is best. You want your topic to show all the skills you have developed during your degree. It would be a bonus if you can link your work to your chosen career path, but it’s not necessary.

Second, begin by exploring relevant literature in your field, including academic journals, books and articles. This will help you identify gaps in existing knowledge and areas that may need further exploration. You may not be able to think of a truly original piece of research, but it’s always good to know what has already been written about your chosen topic.

Consider the practical aspects of your chosen topic, ensuring that it is possible within the time frame and available resources. Assess the availability of data, research materials and the overall practicality of conducting the research.

When picking a dissertation topic, you also want to try to choose something that adds new ideas or perspectives to what’s already known in your field. As you narrow your focus, remember that a more targeted approach usually leads to a dissertation that’s easier to manage and has a bigger impact. Be ready to change your plans based on feedback and new information you discover during your research.

How to work with your dissertation supervisor?

Your supervisor is there to provide guidance on your chosen topic, direct your research efforts, and offer assistance and suggestions when you have queries. It’s crucial to establish a comfortable and open line of communication with them throughout the process. Their knowledge can greatly benefit your work. Keep them informed about your progress, seek their advice, and don’t hesitate to ask questions.

1. Keep them updated Regularly tell your supervisor how your work is going and if you’re having any problems. You can do this through emails, meetings or progress reports.

2. Plan meetings Schedule regular meetings with your supervisor. These can be in person or online. These are your time to discuss your progress and ask for help.

3. Share your writing Give your supervisor parts of your writing or an outline. This helps them see what you’re thinking so they can advise you on how to develop it.

5. Ask specific questions When you need help, ask specific questions instead of general ones. This makes it easier for your supervisor to help you.

6. Listen to feedback Be open to what your supervisor says. If they suggest changes, try to make them. It makes your dissertation better and shows you can work together.

7. Talk about problems If something is hard or you’re worried, talk to your supervisor about it. They can give you advice or tell you where to find help.

8. Take charge Be responsible for your work. Let your supervisor know if your plans change, and don’t wait if you need help urgently.

Remember, talking openly with your supervisor helps you both understand each other better, improves your dissertation and ensures that you get the support you need.

How to write a successful research piece at university How to choose a topic for your dissertation Tips for writing a convincing thesis

How do I plan my dissertation?

It’s important to start with a detailed plan that will serve as your road map throughout the entire process of writing your dissertation. As Jumana Labib, a master’s student at the University of Manchester  studying digital media, culture and society, suggests: “Pace yourself – definitely don’t leave the entire thing for the last few days or weeks.”

Decide what your research question or questions will be for your chosen topic.

Break that down into smaller SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound) objectives.

Speak to your supervisor about any overlooked areas.

Create a breakdown of chapters using the structure listed below (for example, a methodology chapter).

Define objectives, key points and evidence for each chapter.

Define your research approach (qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods).

Outline your research methods and analysis techniques.

Develop a timeline with regular moments for review and feedback.

Allocate time for revision, editing and breaks.

Consider any ethical considerations related to your research.

Stay organised and add to your references and bibliography throughout the process.

Remain flexible to possible reviews or changes as you go along.

A well thought-out plan not only makes the writing process more manageable but also increases the likelihood of producing a high-quality piece of research.

How to structure a dissertation?

The structure can depend on your field of study, but this is a rough outline for science and social science dissertations:

Introduce your topic.

Complete a source or literature review.

Describe your research methodology (including the methods for gathering and filtering information, analysis techniques, materials, tools or resources used, limitations of your method, and any considerations of reliability).

Summarise your findings.

Discuss the results and what they mean.

Conclude your point and explain how your work contributes to your field.

On the other hand, humanities and arts dissertations often take the form of an extended essay. This involves constructing an argument or exploring a particular theory or analysis through the analysis of primary and secondary sources. Your essay will be structured through chapters arranged around themes or case studies.

All dissertations include a title page, an abstract and a reference list. Some may also need a table of contents at the beginning. Always check with your university department for its dissertation guidelines, and check with your supervisor as you begin to plan your structure to ensure that you have the right layout.

How long is an undergraduate dissertation?

The length of an undergraduate dissertation can vary depending on the specific guidelines provided by your university and your subject department. However, in many cases, undergraduate dissertations are typically about 8,000 to 12,000 words in length.

“Eat away at it; try to write for at least 30 minutes every day, even if it feels relatively unproductive to you in the moment,” Jumana advises.

How do I add references to my dissertation?

References are the section of your dissertation where you acknowledge the sources you have quoted or referred to in your writing. It’s a way of supporting your ideas, evidencing what research you have used and avoiding plagiarism (claiming someone else’s work as your own), and giving credit to the original authors.

Referencing typically includes in-text citations and a reference list or bibliography with full source details. Different referencing styles exist, such as Harvard, APA and MLA, each favoured in specific fields. Your university will tell you the preferred style.

Using tools and guides provided by universities can make the referencing process more manageable, but be sure they are approved by your university before using any.

How do I write a bibliography or list my references for my dissertation?

The requirement of a bibliography depends on the style of referencing you need to use. Styles such as OSCOLA or Chicago may not require a separate bibliography. In these styles, full source information is often incorporated into footnotes throughout the piece, doing away with the need for a separate bibliography section.

Typically, reference lists or bibliographies are organised alphabetically based on the author’s last name. They usually include essential details about each source, providing a quick overview for readers who want more information. Some styles ask that you include references that you didn’t use in your final piece as they were still a part of the overall research.

It is important to maintain this list as soon as you start your research. As you complete your research, you can add more sources to your bibliography to ensure that you have a comprehensive list throughout the dissertation process.

How to proofread an undergraduate dissertation?

Throughout your dissertation writing, attention to detail will be your greatest asset. The best way to avoid making mistakes is to continuously proofread and edit your work.

Proofreading is a great way to catch any missing sections, grammatical errors or typos. There are many tips to help you proofread:

Ask someone to read your piece and highlight any mistakes they find.

Change the font so you notice any mistakes.

Format your piece as you go, headings and sections will make it easier to spot any problems.

Separate editing and proofreading. Editing is your chance to rewrite sections, add more detail or change any points. Proofreading should be where you get into the final touches, really polish what you have and make sure it’s ready to be submitted.

Stick to your citation style and make sure every resource listed in your dissertation is cited in the reference list or bibliography.

How to write a conclusion for my dissertation?

Writing a dissertation conclusion is your chance to leave the reader impressed by your work.

Start by summarising your findings, highlighting your key points and the outcome of your research. Refer back to the original research question or hypotheses to provide context to your conclusion.

You can then delve into whether you achieved the goals you set at the beginning and reflect on whether your research addressed the topic as expected. Make sure you link your findings to existing literature or sources you have included throughout your work and how your own research could contribute to your field.

Be honest about any limitations or issues you faced during your research and consider any questions that went unanswered that you would consider in the future. Make sure that your conclusion is clear and concise, and sum up the overall impact and importance of your work.

Remember, keep the tone confident and authoritative, avoiding the introduction of new information. This should simply be a summary of everything you have already said throughout the dissertation.

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A really easy read that gives you all the information to start thinking about writing a dissertation. The format and structure is perfect for students. I have already shared this text with my Year 2 undergraduate students in preparation for their Independent Project module in Year 3.

Fantastic little book for students, it is clear, concise, easy to read, easy to follow and inexpensive! I have recommended the range of Dissertation related books to my students. Highly recommended.

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Dissertations and major projects

• Planning your dissertation
• Introduction

Doing the research

Methodology, thinking about structure, working with your supervisor.

• Managing your data
• Writing up your dissertation

Useful links for dissertations and major projects

• Study Advice Helping students to achieve study success with guides, video tutorials, seminars and one-to-one advice sessions.
• Maths Support A guide to Maths Support resources which may help if you're finding any mathematical or statistical topic difficult during the transition to University study.
• Academic writing LibGuide Expert guidance on punctuation, grammar, writing style and proof-reading.
• Guide to citing references Includes guidance on why, when and how to use references correctly in your academic writing.
• The Final Chapter An excellent guide from the University of Leeds on all aspects of research projects
• Royal Literary Fund: Writing a Literature Review A guide to writing literature reviews from the Royal Literary Fund
• Academic Phrasebank Use this site for examples of linking phrases and ways to refer to sources.

The research process for a dissertation or project is substantial and takes time. You will need to think about what you have to find out in order to answer your research question, and where and when you can find this information. As you gather your research, keep returning to your research question to check what you are doing is relevant.

This page gives advice on keeping on track during your research by using your plan, your method or research process, your structure, and your supervisor.     

The kinds of research you will need to do will depend on your research question. You will usually need to survey existing literature to get an overview of the knowledge that has been gained so far on the topic; this will inform your own research and your interpretations. You may also decide to do:

- primary research (conducting your own experiments, surveys etc to gain new knowledge)

- secondary research (collating knowledge from other people's research to produce a new synthesis).

You may need to do either or both.

Primary research

If you are doing qualitative or quantitative research, or experiments, start on these as soon as you can. Gathering data takes a lot of time. People are often too busy to participate in interviews or fill out questionnaires and you might need to find extra participants to make up your sample. Scientific experiments may take longer than you anticipate especially if they require ethical clearance, special equipment, or learning new methods.

• Design and plan your data collection methods – check them with your supervisor and see if they fit with your methodology.
• Identify and plan for any ethical issues with collecting your data.
• Do a test or pilot questionnaire as soon as possible so you can make changes if necessary.
• Identify your sample size and control groups.
• Have a contingency plan if not everyone is willing to participate.
• Keep good records – number and store any evidence – don't throw anything out until you graduate! See our advice on Managing your data in this guide for more suggestions.

The key to effective secondary research is to keep it under control, and to take an approach which will make your reading and your notes meaningful first time round.

• Start small with one main text and build up.
• Once you have an overview, formulate some sub-questions which will help answer your main dissertation question.
• Look for the answers to these questions.
• Do more reading to fill in the gaps.
• Keep thinking, and analysing the relevance of the information as you go along.
• But be aware of your work schedule – you can't read everything, so be selective.

If you need help, consult your Academic Liaison Librarian - they may know about materials you hadn't thought of.

• Literature searching A guide to finding articles, books and other materials on your subject. Includes tips on constructing a comprehensive search using search operators (AND/OR), truncation and wildcards.
• Doing your literature search videos - University of Reading Two short videos from the Library on planning and doing a literature search
• Doing your literature review video Watch this brief video tutorial for guidance on writing your literature review.
• Doing your literature review transcript Read the transcript.
• Contact your Academic Liaison Librarian

Methodology means being aware of the way in which you do something and being able to justify why you did it that way. Each academic discipline has a number of different sets of methods for conducting research.

For example: One method of conducting qualitative research is semi-structured interviews, another method is case studies – each are appropriate for finding different levels and types of information.

The method you choose will be the model for how you go about your research:

• Why is the method you chose the most appropriate way of finding an answer to your research question?
• Are there any other methods you might have used…why didn't you choose them?
• Throughout your dissertation be aware of the decisions you make and note them down explaining why you made them:
• Did you change your plans when you encountered a problem?
• Did you have to adjust sample size, questions, approach?

This awareness of why you did your research in a certain way and your ability to explain and justify these choices is a vital part of your dissertation.

Do bear in mind that no structure, title or question is set in stone until you submit your completed work. If you find a more interesting or productive way to discuss your topic, don't be afraid to change your structure - providing you have time to do any extra work.

• Structuring your dissertation (video) Watch this brief video tutorial for more on the topic.
• Structuring your dissertation (transcript) Read the transcript.

• Have some specific questions to ask your supervisor: These can be general like "How can I narrow down my question?" or more detailed such as "Am I interpreting this result correctly?"
• If you are unsure of an idea or approach, don't be afraid to talk it through with your supervisor – that's what they're there for! Just explaining it to someone else can help sort out your own thinking.
• It is easier for supervisors to give advice on a specific piece of work, so bring your research proposal, or chapter draft, to the meetings – your supervisor might not have time to read it all, so highlight places you'd like feedback on.

It's worth taking the advice of your supervisor seriously. You may have a strong idea of what you want to do in your dissertation, but your supervisor has academic experience and often knows what will and won't work. If you explain your ideas and are polite and enthusiastic, your supervisor can be a great sounding board and source of expert information.

• << Previous: Planning your dissertation
• Next: Managing your data >>
• Last Updated: May 14, 2024 8:59 AM
• URL: https://libguides.reading.ac.uk/dissertations

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Because we have many editors available, we can check your document 24 hours per day and 7 days per week, all year round.

If you choose a 72 hour deadline and upload your document on a Thursday evening, you’ll have your thesis back by Sunday evening!

When you place an order, you can specify your field of study and we’ll match you with an editor who has familiarity with this area.

However, our editors are language specialists, not academic experts in your field. Your editor’s job is not to comment on the content of your dissertation, but to improve your language and help you express your ideas as clearly and fluently as possible.

This means that your editor will understand your text well enough to give feedback on its clarity, logic and structure, but not on the accuracy or originality of its content.

Good academic writing should be understandable to a non-expert reader, and we believe that academic editing is a discipline in itself. The research, ideas and arguments are all yours – we’re here to make sure they shine!

Dissertation Structure & Layout 101: How to structure your dissertation, thesis or research project.

By: Derek Jansen (MBA) Reviewed By: David Phair (PhD) | July 2019

So, you’ve got a decent understanding of what a dissertation is , you’ve chosen your topic and hopefully you’ve received approval for your research proposal . Awesome! Now its time to start the actual dissertation or thesis writing journey.

To craft a high-quality document, the very first thing you need to understand is dissertation structure . In this post, we’ll walk you through the generic dissertation structure and layout, step by step. We’ll start with the big picture, and then zoom into each chapter to briefly discuss the core contents. If you’re just starting out on your research journey, you should start with this post, which covers the big-picture process of how to write a dissertation or thesis .

*The Caveat *

In this post, we’ll be discussing a traditional dissertation/thesis structure and layout, which is generally used for social science research across universities, whether in the US, UK, Europe or Australia. However, some universities may have small variations on this structure (extra chapters, merged chapters, slightly different ordering, etc).

So, always check with your university if they have a prescribed structure or layout that they expect you to work with. If not, it’s safe to assume the structure we’ll discuss here is suitable. And even if they do have a prescribed structure, you’ll still get value from this post as we’ll explain the core contents of each section.  

Overview: S tructuring a dissertation or thesis

• Acknowledgements page
• Abstract (or executive summary)
• Table of contents , list of figures and tables
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Literature review
• Chapter 3: Methodology
• Chapter 4: Results
• Chapter 5: Discussion
• Chapter 6: Conclusion
• Reference list

As I mentioned, some universities will have slight variations on this structure. For example, they want an additional “personal reflection chapter”, or they might prefer the results and discussion chapter to be merged into one. Regardless, the overarching flow will always be the same, as this flow reflects the research process , which we discussed here – i.e.:

• The introduction chapter presents the core research question and aims .
• The literature review chapter assesses what the current research says about this question.
• The methodology, results and discussion chapters go about undertaking new research about this question.
• The conclusion chapter (attempts to) answer the core research question .

In other words, the dissertation structure and layout reflect the research process of asking a well-defined question(s), investigating, and then answering the question – see below.

To restate that – the structure and layout of a dissertation reflect the flow of the overall research process . This is essential to understand, as each chapter will make a lot more sense if you “get” this concept. If you’re not familiar with the research process, read this post before going further.

Right. Now that we’ve covered the big picture, let’s dive a little deeper into the details of each section and chapter. Oh and by the way, you can also grab our free dissertation/thesis template here to help speed things up.

The title page of your dissertation is the very first impression the marker will get of your work, so it pays to invest some time thinking about your title. But what makes for a good title? A strong title needs to be 3 things:

• Succinct (not overly lengthy or verbose)
• Specific (not vague or ambiguous)
• Representative of the research you’re undertaking (clearly linked to your research questions)

Typically, a good title includes mention of the following:

• The broader area of the research (i.e. the overarching topic)
• The specific focus of your research (i.e. your specific context)
• Indication of research design (e.g. quantitative , qualitative , or  mixed methods ).

For example:

A quantitative investigation [research design] into the antecedents of organisational trust [broader area] in the UK retail forex trading market [specific context/area of focus].

Again, some universities may have specific requirements regarding the format and structure of the title, so it’s worth double-checking expectations with your institution (if there’s no mention in the brief or study material).

Acknowledgements

This page provides you with an opportunity to say thank you to those who helped you along your research journey. Generally, it’s optional (and won’t count towards your marks), but it is academic best practice to include this.

So, who do you say thanks to? Well, there’s no prescribed requirements, but it’s common to mention the following people:

• Your dissertation supervisor or committee.
• Any professors, lecturers or academics that helped you understand the topic or methodologies.
• Any tutors, mentors or advisors.
• Your family and friends, especially spouse (for adult learners studying part-time).

There’s no need for lengthy rambling. Just state who you’re thankful to and for what (e.g. thank you to my supervisor, John Doe, for his endless patience and attentiveness) – be sincere. In terms of length, you should keep this to a page or less.

Abstract or executive summary

The dissertation abstract (or executive summary for some degrees) serves to provide the first-time reader (and marker or moderator) with a big-picture view of your research project. It should give them an understanding of the key insights and findings from the research, without them needing to read the rest of the report – in other words, it should be able to stand alone .

For it to stand alone, your abstract should cover the following key points (at a minimum):

• Your research questions and aims – what key question(s) did your research aim to answer?
• Your methodology – how did you go about investigating the topic and finding answers to your research question(s)?
• Your findings – following your own research, what did do you discover?
• Your conclusions – based on your findings, what conclusions did you draw? What answers did you find to your research question(s)?

So, in much the same way the dissertation structure mimics the research process, your abstract or executive summary should reflect the research process, from the initial stage of asking the original question to the final stage of answering that question.

In practical terms, it’s a good idea to write this section up last , once all your core chapters are complete. Otherwise, you’ll end up writing and rewriting this section multiple times (just wasting time). For a step by step guide on how to write a strong executive summary, check out this post .

Need a helping hand?

Table of contents

This section is straightforward. You’ll typically present your table of contents (TOC) first, followed by the two lists – figures and tables. I recommend that you use Microsoft Word’s automatic table of contents generator to generate your TOC. If you’re not familiar with this functionality, the video below explains it simply:

If you find that your table of contents is overly lengthy, consider removing one level of depth. Oftentimes, this can be done without detracting from the usefulness of the TOC.

Right, now that the “admin” sections are out of the way, its time to move on to your core chapters. These chapters are the heart of your dissertation and are where you’ll earn the marks. The first chapter is the introduction chapter – as you would expect, this is the time to introduce your research…

It’s important to understand that even though you’ve provided an overview of your research in your abstract, your introduction needs to be written as if the reader has not read that (remember, the abstract is essentially a standalone document). So, your introduction chapter needs to start from the very beginning, and should address the following questions:

• What will you be investigating (in plain-language, big picture-level)?
• Why is that worth investigating? How is it important to academia or business? How is it sufficiently original?
• What are your research aims and research question(s)? Note that the research questions can sometimes be presented at the end of the literature review (next chapter).
• What is the scope of your study? In other words, what will and won’t you cover ?
• How will you approach your research? In other words, what methodology will you adopt?
• How will you structure your dissertation? What are the core chapters and what will you do in each of them?

These are just the bare basic requirements for your intro chapter. Some universities will want additional bells and whistles in the intro chapter, so be sure to carefully read your brief or consult your research supervisor.

If done right, your introduction chapter will set a clear direction for the rest of your dissertation. Specifically, it will make it clear to the reader (and marker) exactly what you’ll be investigating, why that’s important, and how you’ll be going about the investigation. Conversely, if your introduction chapter leaves a first-time reader wondering what exactly you’ll be researching, you’ve still got some work to do.

Now that you’ve set a clear direction with your introduction chapter, the next step is the literature review . In this section, you will analyse the existing research (typically academic journal articles and high-quality industry publications), with a view to understanding the following questions:

• What does the literature currently say about the topic you’re investigating?
• Is the literature lacking or well established? Is it divided or in disagreement?
• How does your research fit into the bigger picture?
• How does your research contribute something original?
• How does the methodology of previous studies help you develop your own?

Depending on the nature of your study, you may also present a conceptual framework towards the end of your literature review, which you will then test in your actual research.

Again, some universities will want you to focus on some of these areas more than others, some will have additional or fewer requirements, and so on. Therefore, as always, its important to review your brief and/or discuss with your supervisor, so that you know exactly what’s expected of your literature review chapter.

Now that you’ve investigated the current state of knowledge in your literature review chapter and are familiar with the existing key theories, models and frameworks, its time to design your own research. Enter the methodology chapter – the most “science-ey” of the chapters…

In this chapter, you need to address two critical questions:

• Exactly HOW will you carry out your research (i.e. what is your intended research design)?
• Exactly WHY have you chosen to do things this way (i.e. how do you justify your design)?

Remember, the dissertation part of your degree is first and foremost about developing and demonstrating research skills . Therefore, the markers want to see that you know which methods to use, can clearly articulate why you’ve chosen then, and know how to deploy them effectively.

Importantly, this chapter requires detail – don’t hold back on the specifics. State exactly what you’ll be doing, with who, when, for how long, etc. Moreover, for every design choice you make, make sure you justify it.

In practice, you will likely end up coming back to this chapter once you’ve undertaken all your data collection and analysis, and revise it based on changes you made during the analysis phase. This is perfectly fine. Its natural for you to add an additional analysis technique, scrap an old one, etc based on where your data lead you. Of course, I’m talking about small changes here – not a fundamental switch from qualitative to quantitative, which will likely send your supervisor in a spin!

You’ve now collected your data and undertaken your analysis, whether qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods. In this chapter, you’ll present the raw results of your analysis . For example, in the case of a quant study, you’ll present the demographic data, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics , etc.

Typically, Chapter 4 is simply a presentation and description of the data, not a discussion of the meaning of the data. In other words, it’s descriptive, rather than analytical – the meaning is discussed in Chapter 5. However, some universities will want you to combine chapters 4 and 5, so that you both present and interpret the meaning of the data at the same time. Check with your institution what their preference is.

Now that you’ve presented the data analysis results, its time to interpret and analyse them. In other words, its time to discuss what they mean, especially in relation to your research question(s).

What you discuss here will depend largely on your chosen methodology. For example, if you’ve gone the quantitative route, you might discuss the relationships between variables . If you’ve gone the qualitative route, you might discuss key themes and the meanings thereof. It all depends on what your research design choices were.

Most importantly, you need to discuss your results in relation to your research questions and aims, as well as the existing literature. What do the results tell you about your research questions? Are they aligned with the existing research or at odds? If so, why might this be? Dig deep into your findings and explain what the findings suggest, in plain English.

The final chapter – you’ve made it! Now that you’ve discussed your interpretation of the results, its time to bring it back to the beginning with the conclusion chapter . In other words, its time to (attempt to) answer your original research question s (from way back in chapter 1). Clearly state what your conclusions are in terms of your research questions. This might feel a bit repetitive, as you would have touched on this in the previous chapter, but its important to bring the discussion full circle and explicitly state your answer(s) to the research question(s).

Next, you’ll typically discuss the implications of your findings . In other words, you’ve answered your research questions – but what does this mean for the real world (or even for academia)? What should now be done differently, given the new insight you’ve generated?

Lastly, you should discuss the limitations of your research, as well as what this means for future research in the area. No study is perfect, especially not a Masters-level. Discuss the shortcomings of your research. Perhaps your methodology was limited, perhaps your sample size was small or not representative, etc, etc. Don’t be afraid to critique your work – the markers want to see that you can identify the limitations of your work. This is a strength, not a weakness. Be brutal!

This marks the end of your core chapters – woohoo! From here on out, it’s pretty smooth sailing.

The reference list is straightforward. It should contain a list of all resources cited in your dissertation, in the required format, e.g. APA , Harvard, etc.

It’s essential that you use reference management software for your dissertation. Do NOT try handle your referencing manually – its far too error prone. On a reference list of multiple pages, you’re going to make mistake. To this end, I suggest considering either Mendeley or Zotero. Both are free and provide a very straightforward interface to ensure that your referencing is 100% on point. I’ve included a simple how-to video for the Mendeley software (my personal favourite) below:

Some universities may ask you to include a bibliography, as opposed to a reference list. These two things are not the same . A bibliography is similar to a reference list, except that it also includes resources which informed your thinking but were not directly cited in your dissertation. So, double-check your brief and make sure you use the right one.

The very last piece of the puzzle is the appendix or set of appendices. This is where you’ll include any supporting data and evidence. Importantly, supporting is the keyword here.

Your appendices should provide additional “nice to know”, depth-adding information, which is not critical to the core analysis. Appendices should not be used as a way to cut down word count (see this post which covers how to reduce word count ). In other words, don’t place content that is critical to the core analysis here, just to save word count. You will not earn marks on any content in the appendices, so don’t try to play the system!

Time to recap…

And there you have it – the traditional dissertation structure and layout, from A-Z. To recap, the core structure for a dissertation or thesis is (typically) as follows:

• Acknowledgments page

Most importantly, the core chapters should reflect the research process (asking, investigating and answering your research question). Moreover, the research question(s) should form the golden thread throughout your dissertation structure. Everything should revolve around the research questions, and as you’ve seen, they should form both the start point (i.e. introduction chapter) and the endpoint (i.e. conclusion chapter).

I hope this post has provided you with clarity about the traditional dissertation/thesis structure and layout. If you have any questions or comments, please leave a comment below, or feel free to get in touch with us. Also, be sure to check out the rest of the  Grad Coach Blog .

Psst... there’s more!

This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

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36 Comments

many thanks i found it very useful

Glad to hear that, Arun. Good luck writing your dissertation.

Such clear practical logical advice. I very much needed to read this to keep me focused in stead of fretting.. Perfect now ready to start my research!

what about scientific fields like computer or engineering thesis what is the difference in the structure? thank you very much

Thanks so much this helped me a lot!

Very helpful and accessible. What I like most is how practical the advice is along with helpful tools/ links.

Thanks Ade!

Thank you so much sir.. It was really helpful..

You’re welcome!

Hi! How many words maximum should contain the abstract?

Thank you so much 😊 Find this at the right moment

You’re most welcome. Good luck with your dissertation.

best ever benefit i got on right time thank you

Many times Clarity and vision of destination of dissertation is what makes the difference between good ,average and great researchers the same way a great automobile driver is fast with clarity of address and Clear weather conditions .

I guess Great researcher = great ideas + knowledge + great and fast data collection and modeling + great writing + high clarity on all these

You have given immense clarity from start to end.

Morning. Where will I write the definitions of what I’m referring to in my report?

Thank you so much Derek, I was almost lost! Thanks a tonnnn! Have a great day!

Thanks ! so concise and valuable

This was very helpful. Clear and concise. I know exactly what to do now.

Thank you for allowing me to go through briefly. I hope to find time to continue.

Really useful to me. Thanks a thousand times

Very interesting! It will definitely set me and many more for success. highly recommended.

Thank you soo much sir, for the opportunity to express my skills

Usefull, thanks a lot. Really clear

Very nice and easy to understand. Thank you .

That was incredibly useful. Thanks Grad Coach Crew!

My stress level just dropped at least 15 points after watching this. Just starting my thesis for my grad program and I feel a lot more capable now! Thanks for such a clear and helpful video, Emma and the GradCoach team!

Do we need to mention the number of words the dissertation contains in the main document?

It depends on your university’s requirements, so it would be best to check with them 🙂

Such a helpful post to help me get started with structuring my masters dissertation, thank you!

Great video; I appreciate that helpful information

It is so necessary or avital course

This blog is very informative for my research. Thank you

Doctoral students are required to fill out the National Research Council’s Survey of Earned Doctorates

wow this is an amazing gain in my life

This is so good

How can i arrange my specific objectives in my dissertation?

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