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What Not to Include in a Cover Letter

The Purpose of a Cover Letter

• 15 Things You Shouldn't Include

What to Include in a Cover Letter

A cover letter is an important part of your job application. In some cases, employers require a cover letter to be submitted with your resume. In others, a cover letter is optional or not required.

A cover letter can boost your application for a job. It can also cost you an interview if it doesn't include the right information or if it's sloppy or badly written. A Career Builder survey reports that typos or grammatical errors are an instant deal breaker for 77% of hiring managers.  

It’s always a good idea to provide a cover letter if you have the option . Your cover letter can make the difference between getting selected for an interview—or not. It gives you a chance to sell your qualifications to the hiring manager, and shows them why you are a strong candidate for the job.

A well-written cover letter gives you the opportunity to frame your background so that employers draw the right conclusions about your qualifications as they review your resume.

In your cover letter, it’s important to convey how your character, interests, motivations, knowledge, skills, and experiences equip you to excel in the job. This is your opportunity to show the employer why you’re an excellent candidate for the position and should be considered.

Here are  tips for matching your qualifications to the job , so that you can make a match between your credentials and the employer's job requirements.

There is such a thing as too much information when it comes to cover letter writing. Your cover letter should be short, concise, and focused on what you can offer the employer.

You don’t need to share non-relevant information, personal information, or anything else that doesn’t connect you with the position for which you’re applying.

Your letter should avoid making the wrong impression about your candidacy. Furthermore, it shouldn’t provide useless information that makes it more difficult for the recruiter to focus on your most compelling qualifications.

15 Things You Shouldn't Include

1. any spelling or grammar errors.

Your cover letter is viewed as a sample of your ability as a writer and evidence of your attention to detail. Even a minor typo or error can knock you out of contention for the job. Review these proofreading tips to make sure your letters are perfect.

Even better, if you can get someone else to review it for you then do that too. It can be hard to catch our own mistakes.

2. The Wrong Company Name or the Wrong Name of the Contact Person

Double-check to be sure that you've addressed your cover letter to the correct person at the right organization. If you get it wrong, it is a tip-off that you are mass producing your documents and may lack attention to detail.

Nobody likes it when they are called by the wrong name, and that's especially true when you're reading letters from someone who wants you to hire them.

3. Anything That Isn't True

It shouldn't need to be said, but it's important to keep your cover letter as honest as your resume. A ResumeLab survey reports that 93% of respondents know someone who has lied on their resume.  

Facts can be checked, and lies are grounds for rescinding offers and dismissing employees. The ResumeLab survey notes that 65% of the people who were caught lying were either fired or not hired.  

I’ve heard from job seekers who were in a panic because they stretched the truth or outright  lied in their cover letter or resume  and didn’t know how to rectify it. You don’t want to be one of those people. Make sure your cover letter accurately reflects your qualifications for the job.

Don't embellish your work history or qualifications. Employers can and do check with references and previous employers.

4. Paragraphs That Are Too Long

Employers will skip over your cover letter and move right to your resume if it is too difficult to read.

• Each paragraph of your letter should include 5 - 6 lines of text with no more than three sentences in each. 
• Include plenty of white space at the top and bottom of your letter and in between paragraphs.

Here’s  how long a cover letter should be .

5. Your Salary Requirements or Expectations

Don't include salary requirements or expectations unless directed to do so by the employer. It’s important to demonstrate to the employer your interest in the job itself and not make it seem like money is your primary motivation.

It’s always wise to let the employer mention salary first, if possible. Here’s  when and how to mention salary  to a prospective employer.

6. Negative Comments About a Current or Past Employer

Avoid including any negative comments about your current or previous employer as part of why you are looking for work. Employers tend to view such comments as an indication of possible attitude or performance problems.

Keep your letter positive and focused on why you're the right person for the job.

7. Information Not Related to the Job

Don’t include any text that is not directly related to your assets for the position or why it appeals to you. Empty language can distract the employer from your core messages. It's better to write a short letter than one filled with irrelevant information.

Your letter should focus on why you're the best-qualified person for the job, and what you have to offer the employer.

8. Personal Information

The employer doesn't need to know you want this job because of personal reasons. Keep your focus on the professional reasons you'd love to be hired, and keep the personal ones to yourself.

Your goal is to sell yourself to the hiring manager as a quality candidate, not to get someone to consider you because you would really love the employee discount or the hours, for example.

9. Any Portrayal of the Position as a Stepping Stone

Most employers will be looking primarily for someone who is motivated to do the job that they are advertising for a reasonable length of time. Mentioning future advancement can lead them to believe you would not be satisfied doing that job for long.

The exception, of course, would be if the employer has referenced the issue or if the position is part of a training program.

10. What You Want

Your cover letter isn't about what you want; It's about what you have to offer. Don’t mention what you want to get out of the job or the company. The precious space in your cover letter should focus on what you have to offer the employer. Here’s what to include in the  body section of your cover letter .

11. What You Don't Want

Don't mention anything you don't like about the job, the schedule, the salary, or anything else. Save your thoughts for when you're offered a job and in a position to negotiate. There are many applicants for most jobs, and the ones who get the interviews will be the candidates who don't have a list of requirements.

12. Qualifications You Don’t Have

Addressing what might be missing in your candidacy with statements like "Despite my lack of sales experience... " is not a good idea. Don't draw attention to your limitations as a candidate. Keep the focus on your credentials and how they will enable you to get the job done.

13. Explanations for Leaving Past Jobs That Sound Like Excuses

Any excuses may needlessly direct attention to less-positive chapters in your work history. Pointing out that you were recruited for a better job is fine, but there's no need to mention that you were fired or had difficulties in previous positions. Keep your job application materials positive and focused on the future.

14. Excessive Modesty or Overly Flattering Language

You need to convey positives in your letter but do so in a matter-of-fact way. Speak about accomplishments and results, but avoid using adjectives to describe yourself that may suggest you are arrogant or conceited.

15. An Overwhelming Amount of Interest in the Job

Promote your credentials, but don't oversell yourself. Excessive interest can hint of desperation or undercut your leverage for salary negotiation. You’re pitching your candidacy, not begging for an interview. Showing desperation is a surefire way to turn off the hiring manager.

Keep in mind that your cover letter has one goal: to get you a job interview.

Take time to  match your qualifications carefully to the job requirements  and to  write a personalized cover letter  that shows the hiring manager, at a glance, why you're a terrific candidate.

Career Builder. "Employers Share Their Most Outrageous Resume Mistakes and Instant Deal Breakers ." Accessed Sept. 3, 2020.

ResumeLab. " Lying on a Resume (2020 Study) ." Accessed Sept. 3, 2020.

Parts of a Cover Letter: A Detailed Breakdown of 6 Must-Have Sections

3 takeaways

• Learn each part of a cover letter and proper cover letter structure
• Discover how to correctly write each section of your cover letter 
• The best method for generating personalized cover letters in seconds with the Teal AI Resume Builder

When you’re job searching, writing a cover letter can be one of the most discouraging tasks on the list. After all, you’ve already bookmarked the job you want, researched the company, and tailored the perfect resume to match the job description. 

And now, you need to find the time (and energy) to fit all that information into a single-page cover letter.

But by knowing all the parts of a cover letter, along with how to write them, you’ll have a massive head start in the application process. 

What are the parts of a cover letter?

Before you get started creating your cover letter sections, it's important to know the main parts of a professional cover letter. Here they are in order:

• Salutation (or greeting)
• Opening paragraph
• Closing paragraph

Struggling to land interviews with your current resume and cover letter? Get started with Teal’s AI Resume Builder today.

Just like there are resume sections , cover letters have sections, too.  So, first things first: should a cover letter have a header? Absolutely. 

More than just a list of ways to reach you, the header of your cover letter is your first branding opportunity. It should mirror the header of your resume to frame your application as a polished and cohesive package. 

This symmetry isn't just visually appealing; it shows a deliberate and meticulous approach to your job application.

But what should be on a cover letter header?

The key elements of a cover letter header include your:

• Email address
• LinkedIn URL (Optional)
• Phone number

Here’s an example: 

Consider adding a link to your professional online profile, like LinkedIn, especially if you’re applying for a remote job. 

Note: Even if you’re sending an email cover letter, you should attach your letter as a PDF. First, it’s just easier to format. Second, it helps the hiring manager print or share this document with other decision-makers. 

Following the date, you’ll want to add the:

• Name of the hiring manager 
• The company you’re applying to 

Here’s what this looks like: 

2. Salutation

When you’re on the hunt for a new job, first impressions matter. This is what makes the cover letter salutation so important.

This is where writing a personalized cover letter begins and where you demonstrate your interest and effort in connecting with the company on a human level. Directly addressing the hiring manager is highly recommended when you know their name. It signals respect, shows that you've done your homework, and positions you as a candidate who values personal engagement.

Why not just start your cover letter as “To whom it may concern”? 

Because in today's job market, where a lot of applications flood an inbox, a personalized greeting helps you stand out. It sets a tone of attentiveness and immediately tells the hiring manager that you pay attention to detail. 

Even this little gesture can transform a generic cover letter from a one-size-fits-all document into a tailored conversation starter that resonates with the person responsible for filling the role.

How to find the hiring manager's name

Finding the hiring manager’s name may seem difficult, but it’s often simpler than you think. 

Here are some strategies to uncover this key piece of information:

• LinkedIn : The professional network is your first port of call. Search for the company and sift through employee listings, focusing on those with titles like “Hiring Manager,” “Recruitment Officer,” or specific department heads if you’re applying for a specialized position.
• Company website : Sometimes, the information is hidden in plain sight on the company’s ‘Team’ or ‘About Us’ page. Larger companies might list their staff, job titles, and contact information.
• Calling in : A direct approach can be the most effective. Call the company’s front desk or HR department. Be polite, introduce yourself, and explain that you wish to address your cover letter appropriately. Most will be happy to help.
• Networking outreach : Rely on your network. Ask colleagues or mentors if they know who the hiring manager might be for the position you're eyeing. A mutual connection can often provide you with the name you need.
• Social media scan : Companies often post about their team and new hires on platforms like LinkedIn, Twitter, or Instagram. A quick search might yield the right name.

If you can’t find the hiring manager's name despite your best efforts, opt for a polite and general salutation like “Dear hiring manager” or “Dear hiring team” over the impersonal “To whom it may concern.” 

This retains a level of personalization and respect for the team's collaborative hiring effort. It also sets you apart from the many others who simply wrote: “to whom it may concern.”

Write the elements of a cover letter with Teal's AI

Before you start writing the main parts of your cover letter, consider using Teal instead.

Teal’s cover letter generator pulls from the information you added to a specific resume (also extracting the main keywords and details from the job posting you’re applying to) to align your content. Then, in just a click, you’ll have a great cover letter written before your eyes.

3. Opening paragraph

The opening paragraph of your cover letter is your chance to captivate the reader's interest and set the stage for your narrative. 

When it comes to your cover letter format , this section should include a succinct introduction of who you are, a brief mention of the position you’re applying for, and a compelling reason why the role aligns perfectly with your skills and career aspirations. 

How to grab your reader’s attention in the opening paragraph

To make your entrance memorable, the opening paragraph must do more than introduce – it must intrigue. Here’s how to ensure it does that:

• Start with a bang : Lead with a strong statement or a striking fact about your career achievements. Alternatively, a concise, bold expression of your enthusiasm for the company can be just as effective.
• Show, don't tell : Use a mini anecdote or a powerful example from your experience that reflects your capabilities and mirrors the values or needs of the company.
• Tailor your tone : Match the tone of your writing to the culture of the company. A startup might appreciate a more casual and innovative opener, while a traditional firm might respect a formal and straightforward approach.
• Add some flair : Add a touch of your personality without overshadowing your professionalism. Make sure it’s a blend that conveys your unique professional identity.
• Research results : Mention something recent about the company that impressed you, showing you’re up-to-date and genuinely interested in what they do.
• Give the why and the what : Clearly articulate why you’re excited about the role and what you bring to the table – this is your unique value proposition.

Example of cover letter content for an opening paragraph

“Imagine a marketing strategy so engaging that it doesn't just capture attention but creates a movement. That's been the hallmark of my approach as a Marketing Manager for the past decade, where I've increased brand engagement by an average of 65% year-over-year. Inspired by [Company Name]'s recent groundbreaking campaign on sustainability—a subject close to my heart since I was just a kid—I am eager to bring my expertise in crafting compelling narratives to the role of Head of Marketing.”

You can find more cover letter samples in these marketing manager cover letter examples .

What makes this a strong opening:

• Engages with storytelling: The opening verb is “Imagine,” which is much more engaging than something more traditional, like “My name is…”
• Quantifiable achievements: It includes a specific, measurable achievement (increasing brand engagement by 65% year-over-year), which adds credibility to the applicant’s claims and showcases a track record of success.
• Personal connection: There’s a personal touch with the mention of a lifelong passion for sustainability, making the applicant’s interest in the company feel genuine and deeply rooted.
• Alignment with company values: The reference to the company’s campaign on sustainability suggests that the applicant has done their research and shares the company’s values, implying a natural cultural fit.
• Focus on contribution: By stating a desire to bring expertise in crafting compelling narratives, the applicant immediately addresses how they can contribute to the company’s success rather than just what they wish to gain from the position.

If you can get all of those qualities to shine through in your cover letter, you’ll be more likely to get the reader over to the body of your cover letter. 

Your cover letter body is the meat of your message. It's where you dive into your professional journey, aligning your skills and experiences with the needs of the job at hand. 

This part should be structured in a clear and compelling manner, usually composed of one to three paragraphs, each serving a distinct purpose. 

The first paragraph should connect your past successes to the potential future contributions you'll make to the company. Subsequent paragraphs , like the second or third paragraph , can be used to go further into your relevant skills, experiences, and achievements while also reflecting your knowledge of the company’s goals and challenges.

How to showcase relevant skills and experiences

Here’s how to write a cover letter body that resonates with hiring managers:

• Customize and contextualize : Tailor each example of your experience to mirror the job description. It’s about relevance—show the reader why and how your background prepares you for the specific role.
• Quantify your impact : Use numbers and metrics to give weight to your achievements. Whether it’s increasing sales by a certain percentage or reducing costs through innovative solutions, numbers speak louder than words .
• Problem, action, result (PAR) method : For each skill or experience you share, present the problem you encountered, the action you took, and the result of your efforts. This method illustrates your thought process and problem-solving skills.
• Align with the company's vision : Show that you’ve done your homework by relating your experience to the company's current projects or goals. This demonstrates not just alignment but also initiative and forward-thinking.
• Storytelling with substance : Craft your experiences into a narrative that’s engaging. Your goal is to lead the reader on a journey that showcases growth, impact, and relevance to the role.
• Be concise, be clear : Avoid jargon and overly complex language. The body of your cover letter should be easy to read and understand, ensuring that your points are made without confusion.

Example of what should be in a cover letter body

During my tenure with XYZ Corp, a pioneer in eco-friendly packaging, I spearheaded a transition that faced significant initial resistance both internally and from our customer base. The challenge was formidable: to reframe the public's perception of sustainable packaging from a costly alternative to a savvy, consumer-driven choice. My strategy was to launch an educational campaign that highlighted not just the environmental impact but also the long-term economic benefits. This initiative not only garnered a 120% increase in consumer engagement but also positioned XYZ Corp as a thought leader in the market. In my most recent project, I led a cross-functional team to address a 15% slump in market share due to increased competition. By instituting a thorough competitor analysis and customer feedback loop, we identified key areas where our messaging fell flat. I orchestrated a brand revitalization campaign focused on our core strengths, infused with customer success stories. The result was a 25% market share rebound within the first quarter post-campaign. In each role, I've aligned my actions not only with the company's immediate goals but with a visionary outlook. For instance, anticipating the rise of AI in marketing, I initiated a successful pilot program at XYZ Corp that utilized machine learning to personalize customer interactions, leading to a 30% uptick in customer retention rates.

But remember, not every cover letter will focus on the same information. You’ll need to craft your cover letter according to the specific job you’re applying to. 

While this level of personalization may seem tedious, it’s absolutely necessary. 

5. Closing paragraph

One of the last main parts of a professional cover letter , the closing paragraph, isn’t just a summary but a strategic push to get you into the interview room. This part should reiterate your interest in the position, succinctly summarize why you’re the right fit, and express your enthusiasm about the potential to contribute to the company. 

It's also the place to include a call to action, such as expressing your desire to discuss your application in more detail in a personal interview.

How to end the cover letter on a strong note

• Reaffirm your value : Concisely restate how your skills and experiences align with the job and can benefit the company.
• Personal touch : Express genuine enthusiasm and confidence in your ability to perform the role. Let them feel your eagerness and readiness to take on the challenges it presents.
• Call to action : Encourage the hiring manager to take the next step. You can say you look forward to the opportunity to discuss how you can contribute to their team or that you're eager to provide further details on how you can help achieve their goals.

Closing paragraph example in a cover letter

I am excited to contribute to [Company Name]'s innovative marketing efforts. My skill set aligns seamlessly with the objectives of the Head of Marketing position. I am eager to apply my expertise in strategic planning and digital engagement to drive impactful campaigns that resonate with your brand's vision, and I look forward to discussing how my experience and insights can support your company's success. Thank you for considering my application, and I am hopeful for the opportunity to discuss collaboration in person.

If you're looking for more inspiration, check out this comprehensive database of 1300+ cover letter examples .

6. Sign-off

A professional sign-off sets the tone for how your cover letter is received. It's the equivalent of the final handshake after a successful meeting—it should convey respect and formality. 

Here's how you can ensure your sign-off strengthens your application:

• Choose the right closing : "Sincerely," "Best regards," and "Kind regards" are safe and professional options. If the company culture is more casual, "Best" or "Warm regards" may be suitable.
• Include your full name : Your sign-off should always include your full name to ensure clarity and formality. If you've established a personal connection with the hiring manager, adding a handwritten signature above your typed name can add a personal touch.
• Professional contact details : Beneath your name, include your professional contact details, such as your phone number and email address, and LinkedIn profile URL to facilitate easy follow-up.

The best way to write a cover letter 

Again, if writing a cover letter is your least favorite part of the job application, you’re not alone. It can be difficult to take all the bullet-point information from a resume and turn that into a single page of compelling and persuasive text. 

From getting the cover letter format just right to writing the actual information, it’s not an easy task. 

That’s why, with a tool like Teal’s cover letter generator , there’s simply no excuse for not having a personalized cover letter with each application. 

Simply build your resume, and with the click of a button, you can have a polished and personalized cover letter in seconds. 

Sign up for Teal today to give it a try!

Frequently Asked Questions

How long should each section of a cover letter be to maintain the reader's interest, can i include bullet points in the body of my cover letter to highlight my achievements, is it necessary to address the cover letter to a specific person, and what if i can't find a name.

Nathan Thompson

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Cover Letter Guide

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What to include in your Cover Letter

Cover letters should NOT list everything in your resume; rather, they should highlight a few relevant experiences, skills, or student involvements related to the position. They are usually one page long, free from grammatical errors, and use the language of the job description. Cover letters should refer to specific qualifications needed in the role and tie your past experiences to show how you are qualified. Template cover letters that are not tailored to the company typically receive no response from the employer.

Types of Cover Letters

• Application cover letter . Use this format when responding to an ad or other listing. Describe how your qualifications meet the needs of the position.
• Cold-contact cover letter . Use this format to contact employers without advertising or publishing job openings. Research careers to find the requirements for the job you’re applying for, matching your qualifications with that research.
• Networking or Referral cover letter . Use this format if you were referred to a job opening through networking, informational interviewing, or contact with employers. A referral may be to a specific job opening (advertised or unadvertised) or to an employer who may or may not be hiring now. Make sure you mention the person who referred you.

Cover Letter Outline

Heading & greeting.

In the heading, include the date, name, and contact information. Address your letter to the contact listed on the posting; if one is not listed or you cannot find one by searching online, start your cover letter with “Dear Hiring Manager:”, or you may use the job title of the recipient (Maintenance Supervisor, Office Manager), or perhaps “Human Resources” or “Search Committee.” Do not address your letter to a business, a department, or “To Whom It May Concern.”

Opening/Introduction

Explain who you are and your reason for writing; indicate the position to which you are applying, where you found it, and why you believe you are qualified using keywords you identified from the job description. Use the first paragraph to express your energy, enthusiasm, skills, education, and work experience that could contribute to the employer’s success. Doing this should introduce the key reasons you believe you are qualified to set up your next paragraph(s).

Market yourself. Illustrate how you are an excellent match for the position by mentioning relevant skills, part-time jobs, previous internships, projects, or other transferrable skills.

Briefly summarize your talents, experience, and achievements, as it should list only some of what you have on your resume. Instead, you should select at most 2-3 items and relate how these have prepared you for the position. Be specific as to why you are interested in that particular job and employer. Reveal why you are a perfect and unique match for the position. Explain why you have chosen the employer. Pull language from the job description and infuse it into this paragraph as you highlight your qualifications.

Thank the person for taking the time to read your letter. Reassert your interest in the organization and specific position. Tell the employer how you plan to follow up. Include your phone number and email. Use an appropriate closing, such as “Sincerely.”

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Articles & Advice > Internships and Careers > Blog

How to Perfect the 5 Sections of a Cover Letter

Hiring managers expect your cover letter structure to comprise five basic parts. Here's how to write each section for job application success.

by LiveCareer

Last Updated: May 17, 2024

Originally Posted: Apr 18, 2019

Not including a cover letter with an application is one of the biggest mistakes students make when trying to get a job. As a soon-to-be graduate with little or no work experience, you can’t rely on your résumé alone. You need to craft a strong accompanying letter to sell yourself, and you need to get all its components right. While there may be room for more creativity in non-traditional industries, for the most part, recruiters expect cover letters to follow a particular format. If you adhere to the anticipated framework, you’ll make it easier for them to digest your submission. The best way to get a feel for how to write this important document is to look at lots of cover letter examples. You should also follow the guidelines below for cover letter structure success.

1. The greeting

If you remember only one thing when it comes to your opening address , let it be this: personalization. “To Whom It May Concern” just isn’t going to cut it; you need to use a full name, inserted into a formal salutation (Dear Mr./Ms. [First Name, Last Name]). If you don’t know who the hiring manager is, do some online digging. If (and only if) that turns up nothing, make use of a specific job title. Something like “Dear Group Human Resources Manager” could work. The point is to demonstrate that you’re willing to go the extra mile and do some research because you’re that interested in the position.

Related:  7 Must-Know Tips for Writing a Killer Cover Letter

2. The opening paragraph

The opening statement is the most important part of your cover letter structure, and the key to success is disruption—you want to surprise, amuse, and captivate from the first word while still remaining professional. So don’t start with something predictable like “My name is X and I’m writing to apply for the position of Y.” The most important thing to communicate in your first paragraph is why you’re so interested in this particular job at this particular company. Express your enthusiasm in an authentic, unexpected way by starting with a personal story that sheds light on how you came to love your field of work or how you first discovered the organization. Not only will a short tale be far more interesting than a generic introduction, but it’ll also encourage hiring managers to see you as a human being and not just another applicant. If you know someone at the organization—or better yet, if someone high up suggested that you apply for the position—you should definitely include that person’s name in your letter’s opening paragraph too.

3. The body paragraph(s)

The body is the meat of your cover letter—the part that’s meant to convince the hiring manager that you were made for this job. If you look at good cover letter examples, you’ll see it’s best to start with a hook that (a) shows you understand what the company needs and (b) emphasizes that you have the competencies, qualifications, and know-how necessary to meet those needs. If you don’t have a lot of work experience, focus on your transferable skills —those you’ve acquired through college projects and internships, for example—and include concrete examples of how you’ve applied them in the past to achieve results. If possible, evidence should be expressed in numbers and metrics, and skills and academic achievements should be described using language from the job ad so your letter is flagged if scanned by an applicant tracking system.

Two things you should never do when writing the body of your cover letter? Repeat your résumé or focus too much on yourself. Instead of the former, select two or three key points from your background and expand on them, making specific links to the position’s requirements. Regarding the latter, keep the emphasis on how you can help the company achieve its goals, and avoid talking too much about what you hope to gain.

Related: Entry-Level Résumé Mistakes to Avoid as a New Grad

4. The final paragraph

Don’t ruin a great cover letter with a tepid ending. Leave a lasting impression and close on a high by reiterating your interest in the position and outlining what you’d aim to achieve in your first few weeks in the position   if you’re selected. If there might be cause for concern (for instance, if you’re currently not based in the city but plan to relocate), address this here, but don’t dwell on it. Remember to thank the hiring manager for considering you—he or she didn’t have to read your whole letter, after all. Also be sure to balance confidence with courtesy; that is, don’t threaten the reader in any way or be overly presumptuous. Simply say that you’d be grateful for the opportunity to discuss your fit for the role further, and encourage the hiring manager to contact you if they’d like to set up an interview or learn more about you.

5. The closing remark

The tone of your sign-off should be consistent with the rest of your cover letter—courteous and professional, but not so formal that it feels contrived. “Yours faithfully” is probably too stuffy, but “Sincerely,” “Warm regards,” “Best wishes,” or even just “Regards,” followed by your full name, are all appropriate. If you’re posting your application materials, include your signature, but this isn’t necessary if you’re submitting your cover letter digitally. 

Related:  An Easy 7-Step Guide to Finding a Job After College

The cover letter is an elusive task when it comes to applying for jobs. You need to strike the right tone and balance to impress your audience: the hiring manager. Using this advice can help you perfect the art of writing your cover letter to show and say exactly what you want it to.  And with a little bit of practice, you’re sure to land an amazing job for a career where you can thrive.

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• Career Blog

When to Include a Cover Letter: Tips & Examples

A cover letter is a crucial part of job applications that often plays a role in separating successful candidates from the rest. A cover letter serves as an introduction to a prospective employer and highlights why you are the perfect fit for the job. It is a complementary document that should accompany your resume.

In this article, we will discuss when to include a cover letter in your job applications, where it is necessary, and some tips and examples to help you make your cover letter stand out. Whether you are a recent graduate, changing careers, or just looking to enhance your job search chances, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to write an effective cover letter.

So, let’s explore different scenarios and give you insights into how a well-written cover letter can boost your chances of getting your dream job.

Circumstances When You Should Always Include a Cover Letter

If you want to increase your chances of getting the job, make sure to include a cover letter in these specific scenarios:

• Applying for a job that explicitly requires a cover letter

Many job listings include instructions to submit a cover letter along with your resume. If a company explicitly asks for a cover letter, it’s essential to follow their instructions, or you risk being disqualified for not providing all the required application materials.

• Applying for a job in a creative or communications industry

In industries such as advertising, marketing, or public relations, a cover letter is often used as a way to showcase your creativity, writing skills, and personality. For these jobs, the cover letter is an opportunity to demonstrate your strengths and sell yourself as a perfect candidate beyond your skillset.

• Applying for a job in a competitive field

If you’re applying for a job in an industry that is known to be highly competitive, you must send a cover letter. In this context, a cover letter helps you stand out from the crowd, differentiate yourself from other job seekers, and demonstrate your interest and commitment to the job.

Remember, always tailor your cover letter to the job you’re applying for, make it personalized, and show the employer that you understand the company’s values, mission, and culture. A well-written cover letter can be what sets you apart from other job applicants and lands you the interview you’re hoping for.

Factors to Consider Before Deciding Whether to Include a Cover Letter

When applying for a job, it’s important to consider whether or not to include a cover letter. While some job postings may specifically request a cover letter, others may not mention it at all. Here are three key factors to consider before making your decision:

1. The Company Culture and Expectations

Before deciding whether to include a cover letter, consider the company culture and expectations. If you’re applying for a job at a startup, for example, the hiring manager may be looking for candidates who are passionate and driven, and a well-crafted cover letter may be the key to standing out. On the other hand, if you’re applying for a more formal, traditional company, a cover letter may be seen as unnecessary or even outdated.

2. The Job Posting and Job Description

Another important factor to consider is the job posting and job description. If the job listing specifically requests a cover letter, you should definitely include one. On the other hand, if the job description doesn’t mention a cover letter, you should still carefully consider whether one is appropriate. If the job is highly competitive, a cover letter may be an opportunity to set yourself apart from other applicants.

3. Your Previous Interaction With the Employer

Finally, consider your previous interaction with the employer. If you’ve already had contact with the hiring manager or others at the company, a cover letter may be a great way to build on that relationship and demonstrate your enthusiasm for the position. On the other hand, if you don’t have any prior interaction with the company, a cover letter may come across as presumptuous or even annoying.

The decision to include a cover letter should be carefully considered on a case-by-case basis. By taking the time to think through these three key factors, you’ll be better equipped to make an informed decision and set yourself up for success in the job application process.

Benefits of Including a Cover Letter

There are many benefits to including a cover letter in your job application. Here are a few of the most important:

1. A chance to expand on your qualifications

Your resume is an important tool for showcasing your qualifications and experience to potential employers, but sometimes it can be difficult to convey everything you want to say in just a few bullet points. A cover letter provides an opportunity to expand on your qualifications and explain how your skills and experiences make you a good fit for the job.

2. An opportunity to demonstrate your communication skills

In many jobs, strong communication skills are essential. By including a well-written cover letter with your application, you can demonstrate your ability to write clearly and persuasively. This can be especially important if the job you’re applying for requires you to communicate with clients, colleagues, or stakeholders.

3. A way to show your enthusiasm and interest in the job

Employers want to hire people who are genuinely excited about the job they’re applying for. A cover letter is a great way to show your enthusiasm and interest in the position. You can talk about why you’re drawn to the company and what you find exciting about the job, which can help you stand out from other candidates.

Including a cover letter in your job application can be a great way to showcase your qualifications, communication skills, and enthusiasm for the job. By taking the time to craft a thoughtful, well-written cover letter, you can increase your chances of landing an interview and ultimately getting the job.

Parts of a Strong Cover Letter

Writing a strong cover letter is crucial in making an outstanding first impression on potential employers. It is your chance to showcase your qualifications, enthusiasm, and personality. In this section, we will discuss the essential parts of an effective cover letter to help increase your chances of being called in for an interview.

The Opening Paragraph

The opening paragraph is where you should grab the reader’s attention and give a brief introduction of yourself. Start by mentioning the job position you are applying for and how you came to know about it. You can also make a strong statement telling the reader why you are the best candidate for the job. However, avoid being too generic or using cliché statements such as “I am a hard-working, dedicated team player.” Instead, show examples of how you have excelled in previous positions or coursework and relate them to the job you are applying for.

The body of your cover letter is where you should provide more information about your qualifications and experience. Use this section to highlight specific examples of your skills that make you an excellent candidate for the job. You can also mention any relevant achievements or accomplishments that you have attained in your career. Be sure to use keywords from the job posting to showcase how your experience aligns with the position you are applying for.

It’s essential to structure your letter coherently and highlight the key points. Break your writing into paragraphs with each one detailing a particular point. Use bullet points to provide examples of your accomplishments and how you can benefit the company. However, don’t make the letter too long or too short, aim for around three paragraphs, and ensure it’s easy to skim through quickly.

The Closing Paragraph

The closing paragraph of your cover letter is where you should reiterate your interest in the role and why you would be an asset to the company. Thank the reader for taking the time to read your application and provide information on how they can contact you. Be sure to include your email and phone number. End with a call-to-action asking for an opportunity to discuss your qualifications further or schedule an interview.

Writing a strong cover letter takes effort, but it is worth it if you want to stand out from the competition. By following the essential parts of an effective cover letter, you can increase your chances of obtaining an interview and landing your dream job. Remember to tailor each cover letter to the job you are applying for and showcase your skills and experience in the best possible light.

Tips for Writing a Standout Cover Letter

When it comes to creating an outstanding cover letter, following these tips will help you stand out from the competition:

Highlighting accomplishments instead of duties

Don’t just list your job duties. Instead, focus on highlighting specific accomplishments and successes you’ve achieved in your previous roles. By showcasing your achievements, you demonstrate your value to potential employers and provide concrete examples of your skills and expertise.

Addressing the employer’s pain points

Take the time to research the company and understand their pain points. Then, show how your skills and experience can help them solve these problems. By addressing their concerns directly, you show that you’re invested in helping the company succeed.

Using keywords from the job posting

Carefully review the job description and use relevant keywords and phrases in your cover letter. This helps you to align your application with the employer’s needs and highlights your qualifications. However, make sure to use them naturally and not overdo it.

Avoiding generic language

Avoid using generic language and buzzwords in your cover letter. Instead, use specific, impactful language that shows your expertise and experience. Show, rather than tell, how you can bring value to the company.

Tailoring the cover letter to the specific job opening

Each cover letter should be specifically tailored to the job opening you’re applying for. This shows the employer that you’re serious about the position and are invested in the role. By demonstrating your knowledge of the company and the job, you increase your chances of getting noticed.

By applying these tips, you’ll be well on your way to crafting a standout cover letter that showcases your skills, experience, and value to potential employers.

Sample Cover Letter for a Traditional Job Application

If you’re applying for a traditional job opening, it’s important to submit a well-written cover letter that showcases your qualifications and experience. Here’s an example of a cover letter that follows a traditional format and style:

[Your Name]   [Street Address]   [City, State ZIP Code]   [Email Address]   [Phone Number]   [Date]

[Hiring Manager’s Name]   [Company Name]   [Street Address]   [City, State ZIP Code]

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name], as advertised on [Source of Job Ad]. With [Number of Years] years of experience in [Field/Industry], I am confident that my skills and expertise make me a strong candidate for this role.

As a [Previous Position] at [Current/Previous Company], I honed my skillset in [Key Qualifications/Experience Mentioned in Job Ad]. Specifically, I have experience in [Skill/Experience 1], [Skill/Experience 2], [Skill/Experience 3], and [Skill/Experience 4]. I am confident that my strong attention to detail and problem-solving skills, combined with my experience in [Field/Industry], make me a valuable asset to the [Company Name] team.

In my previous positions, I have consistently demonstrated my ability to [Expand on Previous Achievements or Highlights]. These skills make me an ideal candidate for the [Job Title] position. I believe that my experience combined with my passion for [Relevant Industry/Field] make me a strong fit for [Company Name] and its mission.

I am eager to learn more about this opportunity and explore how my skills and experience can help [Company Name] drive success in [Specific Area/Department Mentioned in Job Ad]. Thank you for considering my application for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Sample Cover Letter for a Creative Job Application

As a creative professional with a passion for design and storytelling, I am excited to apply for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. With [Number of Years] years of experience in [Related Field], I am confident that my skills, achievements, and creative vision align perfectly with the job requirements.

In my current role as [Current Position] at [Current Company], I have honed my skills in [Related Skills], delivering exceptional results to [Achievements]. I am particularly proud of [One of Your Best Achievements], where I [Description/Result of Achievement]. These experiences have helped me build a strong foundation in [Related Skills and Themes], which I believe will be valuable in the [Job Title] role.

What excites me most about [Company Name] is your dedication to [Related Vision/Values], as well as your focus on [Main Responsibilities of the Job Title Position]. These align closely with my own values and goals, and I am eager to bring my talents to [Company Name] to help achieve those goals. I am particularly drawn to [Related Projects or Initiatives], and I look forward to contributing my experience and creativity to these efforts.

My passion for design and storytelling extends beyond the workplace, as well. In my free time, I enjoy [Related Hobbies or Projects], which have further developed my eye for design and my ability to communicate compelling stories. I believe these experiences have given me a unique perspective and skillset that will benefit [Company Name] greatly.

Thank you for considering my application for the [Job Title] position at [Company Name]. I appreciate the opportunity to share my passion, experience, and vision, and I look forward to the chance to contribute my talents to [Company Name].

Sample Cover Letter for a Job with Limited Experience

If you’re applying for a job with limited work experience, writing a cover letter can be daunting. However, a well-crafted cover letter can make all the difference in catching a hiring manager’s attention and landing an interview. Here is an example cover letter you can customize for your own job search:

This cover letter follows a standard format while highlighting the applicant’s relevant skills and enthusiasm for the position. Use specific examples and quantify your accomplishments whenever possible to show what value you can bring to the company.

Remember, even if you don’t have a lot of work experience, you can still demonstrate your potential and enthusiasm for the job through your cover letter. Good luck with your job search!

When Not to Include a Cover Letter

While cover letters are commonly included with job applications, there are some instances where they may not be necessary or useful. Here are some examples of when you may want to skip the cover letter:

You Are Applying Through an Online Application System

Many companies utilize online job application systems that require applicants to fill out a standard form, upload their resume, and answer basic questions about their qualifications. In these cases, there may not be an option to submit a separate cover letter. Additionally, the hiring manager may not even see the cover letter if it is not specifically requested.

The Job Posting Does Not Request a Cover Letter

Some job postings may specifically request a cover letter, while others do not mention it at all. If the posting does not mention a cover letter, it is possible that including one may not be necessary or may even be viewed as irrelevant. However, it is still a good idea to research the company and tailor your application materials to fit their culture and values.

You Are Applying for a Position That Does Not Require Writing Skills

Cover letters are important because they provide an opportunity for the applicant to showcase their writing skills and convey their enthusiasm for the position. However, if the position does not require strong writing skills, such as a manual labor job, including a cover letter may not add much value to your application.

Your Resume Speaks for Itself

In some cases, your resume may be strong enough to stand alone and effectively communicate your qualifications and experience. If your resume already contains all the information relevant to the job posting and showcasing your skills, a cover letter may not be necessary.

You Have a Previous Relationship with the Hiring Manager

If you already have an established relationship with the hiring manager, such as through a professional network or previous job, a cover letter may not be necessary. The hiring manager may already know your experience and qualifications, making a cover letter redundant.

It is important to carefully consider the circumstances of each job application to determine whether or not to include a cover letter. By assessing the requirements and expectations of the employer, you can make an informed decision that will showcase your qualifications and increase your chances of landing the job.

Mistakes to Avoid When Writing a Cover Letter

When it comes to writing a cover letter, avoiding mistakes is just as important as including the right information. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

1. Failing to Customize the Letter

One of the biggest cover letter mistakes is failing to personalize the letter to the job you’re applying for. Don’t just recycle the same generic letter for every job you apply to. Instead, take the time to tailor your letter to the specific position and company. This may involve doing some research to learn more about the company’s culture, values, and goals, and incorporating that information into your letter.

2. Repeating Your Resume

Your cover letter should complement your resume, not simply repeat it. Don’t just rehash the information from your resume. Instead, use your letter to expand on your experiences and skills, and to explain why you’re a good fit for the position. This is your chance to showcase your personality and communication skills, so make the most of it.

3. Using a Generic Greeting

Addressing your letter to “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam” is a red flag to hiring managers that you haven’t done your research. Take the time to find out who the hiring manager is, and address your letter to them instead. If you can’t find the name of the hiring manager, consider using a more generic yet professional greeting, such as “Dear Hiring Manager.”

4. Being Too Informal

While you want to showcase your personality in your letter, it’s important to maintain a professional tone. Avoid using slang or overly casual language, and make sure to use proper grammar and spelling. It’s also a good idea to avoid sharing personal information or details that aren’t relevant to the position.

5. Making it Too Long

Your cover letter should be short and to the point, typically no more than one page. Hiring managers are busy people, and they don’t want to read a lengthy document. Instead, focus on highlighting your most relevant experiences and skills, and explain why you’re a good fit for the position.

6. Not Proofreading

Finally, one of the biggest cover letter mistakes is failing to proofread before submitting. Even a small typo or error can make a bad impression on the hiring manager. Before sending your letter, take the time to read it through carefully and make any necessary edits.

By avoiding these common mistakes, you can create a strong and effective cover letter that will help you stand out from the competition. Remember, your letter is your chance to make a good first impression, so make it count.

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