what is an application letter apex

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Writing a Winning Job Application Letter: Tips and Examples

A job application letter, also known as a cover letter, is a formal letter that accompanies your resume and introduces you to a potential employer. The purpose of a job application letter is to highlight your qualifications, experience, and skills that make you the perfect candidate for the job. It also helps employers understand your personality, work ethic, and how you plan to contribute to their organization.

Importance of Customization

One of the key factors that can make or break your job application letter is how well you customize it to the specific job you are applying for. Employers want to see that you have taken the time to research their company and understand what they are looking for in a candidate. Customizing your letter also shows that you are genuinely interested in the job and that you are willing to put in the extra effort to stand out from other applicants.

Brief Overview of Key Sections

While job application letters can vary slightly depending on the job and industry, they typically contain four key sections:

Introduction: This section should include a brief introduction, the job you are applying for, and how you found out about it.

Qualifications: In this section, you should discuss your qualifications and experience that make you a good fit for the job. Be sure to tailor this section to the specific job requirements to show that you have the skills they are looking for.

Skills: Here, you should highlight your relevant skills and how they apply to the job. Use examples from your past experiences to demonstrate your proficiency in each skill.

Closing: The closing paragraph should thank the employer for considering your application and provide contact information for them to reach you.

In this article, we will dive into each of these sections in more detail and provide tips and examples to help you write a winning job application letter.

Understand the Job Requirements

To write a winning job application letter, it is important to thoroughly understand the job requirements. This involves analyzing the job description and understanding the needs of the employer, as well as tailoring your letter to attract the specific employer.

A. Analyzing the Job Description

The job description provides you with valuable information about the position you are applying for. It outlines the required skills, qualifications, and responsibilities of the job. By analyzing the job description, you can determine if the role is a good fit for your experience and qualifications.

When analyzing the job description, it is important to pay attention to key phrases and requirements mentioned. These can give you insight into the priorities of the employer and allow you to tailor your application to meet those priorities.

B. Understanding the Needs of the Employer

To write a winning job application letter, it is also essential to understand the needs of the employer. This means researching the company and the industry to get a better understanding of the company culture, mission, and values. It also means understanding the desired outcome of the position and how you can address the employer’s needs.

One way to convey your understanding of the employer’s needs is to highlight relevant accomplishments in your application letter. By showing how you have successfully addressed similar challenges in the past, you can demonstrate your potential value to the employer.

C. Tailoring the Letter to Attract Specific Employer

Finally, to write a winning job application letter, it is important to tailor your letter to attract the specific employer. This means using language and examples that relate to the specific company and its values. It also means customizing your application letter to the specific job and its requirements.

To tailor your letter, take the time to research the company and its values. This can involve reviewing their website, social media, and other online resources. By addressing the specific needs and values of the employer, you can show that you are invested in the position and the company.

To write a winning job application letter, it is important to understand the job requirements, analyze the job description, understand the needs of the employer, and tailor the letter to attract the specific employer. By doing so, you can craft an application that stands out from the competition and showcases your value as a candidate.

Research the Company and Industry

Before writing your job application letter, it’s important to research the company and industry thoroughly to increase your chances of writing a winning letter. Here are three key areas to focus on:

A. Understanding the Mission, Vision, and Values of the Company

Make sure you take the time to research the company’s mission, vision, and values. This will help you understand the company’s goals and the qualities they look for in employees. You can find this information on the company’s website, social media pages or company annual report.

Incorporate the values and mission statement of the company into your job application letter. This highlights your alignment with the company culture, and how your beliefs and goals match that of the organization’s.

B. Identifying the Company’s Competition

Once you have an understanding of the company, you need to identify the company’s competition. Knowing who the competitors are can help you understand the industry as well as the company’s market share position.

List the company’s competitors in your job application letter and briefly explain how you see the company’s strengths overcoming the competitors’ weaknesses.

C. Industry Trends and How to Address Them

The final area to focus on when researching the company and industry is identifying current industry trends and how these trends may impact the company’s future. Use reputable sources to gather trends and predictions about the industry. This will also show the recruiter that you are not only familiar with their industry, but are engaging in informed discussion and contributing to innovative solutions.

Incorporate industry trends into your job application letter and showcase the ideas and innovations you bring, how leveraging them can enhance the company’s position and how you can contribute to any current and future challenges, for which the potential employer has yet to find a solution.

By researching and incorporating the above areas into your job application letter, you demonstrate a genuine interest in the organization and showcase clear understanding, innovative thought and how your expertise can improve the company’s performance.

Know Your Strengths and Skills

When writing a job application letter, it’s crucial to understand your unique selling proposition, relevant experience, and transferrable skills. This information will help you stand out from the other applicants and potentially land the job of your dreams.

A. Identifying Your Unique Selling Proposition

Your unique selling proposition (USP) is what sets you apart from the other candidates. It could be a specific skill, experience or personality trait that aligns with the company’s values and job requirements. Start by analyzing the job description and researching the company culture to identify what makes you an ideal candidate for the role.

Once you have identified your USP, use it as the main selling point in your job application letter. Highlight your strengths and skills and explain how they align with the job requirements and the company’s values. This will show the hiring manager that you are not just another candidate, but someone who has something valuable to offer.

B. Highlighting Your Relevant Experience and Accomplishments

Your work experience and achievements are essential in demonstrating your abilities and suitability for the job. When crafting your job application letter, focus on highlighting your relevant experience and accomplishments. Use specific examples to demonstrate how you have contributed in previous roles and how those skills could be applied to the new role you are applying for.

Be sure to use metrics whenever possible as numbers are a great way to showcase your achievements. For example, if you were able to increase sales revenue by 20% in your previous role, mention it in your letter. This will give the hiring manager a clear understanding of your capabilities and how they align with the job requirements.

C. Understanding How to Leverage Transferrable Skills

Transferrable skills are those abilities that you have gained from your previous experiences that are not necessarily related to the job you are applying for. They can be valuable in demonstrating your adaptability and ability to learn quickly.

When discussing your transferrable skills in your job application letter, highlight how they could be applied to the new role you are applying for. For example, if you have strong communication skills, explain how you could use that to effectively collaborate with team members and clients.

By understanding and leveraging your unique selling proposition, relevant experience and accomplishments, and transferrable skills, you can write a job application letter that stands out from the crowd. Remember to tailor your letter to the job requirements and company culture to increase your chances of success.

Address Gaps in Your Resume or Experience

When applying for a job, it’s important to consider any gaps in your resume or experience that might be a red flag for hiring managers. Addressing these gaps upfront can demonstrate your accountability and willingness to take ownership of your shortcomings.

A. Taking ownership of failings

If you have gaps in your work history or experience, don’t try to hide or make excuses for them. Instead, take ownership of any failings and show that you’re actively working to improve yourself. This could involve taking courses, pursuing certifications, or volunteering in relevant areas to gain hands-on experience.

B. Finding a workaround for unfilled requirements

Sometimes a job posting requires specific qualifications or experience that you don’t have. In these cases, it’s important to find a workaround that demonstrates your ability to still meet the employer’s needs. This could involve highlighting related experience or transferable skills that could compensate for the missing requirement. Alternatively, it might involve offering to take on additional training or work with a mentor to acquire the missing knowledge.

C. Highlighting transferable skills to counter an irrelevant job background

When applying for a job in a new industry or field, it’s common to have a background that might not seem directly relevant. However, this doesn’t necessarily mean you’re unqualified for the role. By highlighting transferable skills, such as leadership, problem-solving, or communication, you can demonstrate your ability to adapt to new situations and learn quickly.

Addressing gaps in your resume or experience is an important aspect of writing a winning job application letter. By taking ownership of your failings, finding workarounds for unfilled requirements, and highlighting transferable skills, you can position yourself as a strong candidate and increase your chances of landing the job you want.

Crafting an Attention-grabbing Opening Paragraph

In the competitive job market, first impressions matter. The opening paragraph of your job application letter is your opportunity to make a positive and lasting impression on potential employers. In this section, we’ll explore the importance of crafting an attention-grabbing opening paragraph and provide tips and examples on how to do so.

A. Importance of First Impressions

Studies show that it takes less than 30 seconds for a recruiter or hiring manager to form an initial impression of a job candidate. This means that your opening paragraph is a critical component of your job application letter. Your goal is to capture the employer’s interest and convince them to continue reading.

B. Creative and Engaging Opening Lines

One effective way to capture the employer’s attention is by starting your letter with a creative and engaging opening line. This can be a quote, a personal story, a relevant statistic, or a bold statement. The key is to be authentic and genuine while still standing out from other applicants.

C. Strategies for Catching the Employer’s Attention

Beyond the opening line, there are several strategies you can use to further capture the employer’s attention. These include highlighting relevant skills and experience, demonstrating enthusiasm for the position and company, and connecting your qualifications to the job requirements.

By following these tips and examples, you can craft an attention-grabbing opening paragraph that sets you apart from the competition and piques the employer’s interest.

Highlighting Your Accomplishments

When it comes to writing a winning job application letter, highlighting your accomplishments is crucial. This allows potential employers to see the proven results that you can bring to their organization. Here are a few tips on how to effectively highlight your accomplishments:

A. Demonstrating Achievements in Previous Roles

One of the most effective ways to demonstrate your achievements is by highlighting your accomplishments in your previous roles. This shows that you have a track record of success and can bring that success to your next job. When highlighting your achievements, make sure to focus on results, not just responsibilities. Instead of stating that you managed a team, highlight the specific results that you achieved as a team leader.

For example, instead of saying, “Managed a team of 10 employees,” you could say, “Led a team of 10 employees to achieve a 25% increase in sales within the first quarter.” This shows the impact you had in your previous role and gives potential employers an idea of what you can achieve in their organization.

B. Using Data to Support Accomplishments

Using data to support your accomplishments is a powerful way to illustrate the impact you had in your previous roles. This could include data such as sales figures, customer satisfaction ratings, or employee retention rates. When using data, make sure to include specific numbers and percentages.

For example, instead of saying, “Improved customer satisfaction,” you could say, “Increased customer satisfaction ratings by 15% through implementing a new customer service training program.” This demonstrates the impact you had on the organization and the value you can bring to a potential employer.

C. Highlighting Relevant Certifications and Awards

Another way to highlight your accomplishments is by showcasing any relevant certifications or awards you have received. This shows that you have taken the time to invest in your professional development and have been recognized for your achievements.

When highlighting certifications and awards, make sure to explain why they are relevant to the job you are applying for. For example, if you are applying for a marketing position, highlighting your Google Analytics certification would be relevant as it demonstrates your analytics skills.

Highlighting your accomplishments is a crucial part of writing a winning job application letter. By demonstrating your achievements in previous roles, using data to support your accomplishments, and highlighting relevant certifications and awards, you can show potential employers the value you can bring to their organization.

Showcasing Your Writing Skills

When it comes to writing a winning job application letter, showcasing your exceptional writing skills is crucial to increase your chances of getting hired. Employers often look for applicants who have a way with words, can express themselves clearly, and can craft compelling content that leaves a lasting impression. Here are several ways to showcase your writing skills:

A. Highlighting experience in writing

One of the most effective ways to showcase your writing skills is to highlight your experience as a writer. This can include previous work experience in writing-related fields such as journalism, marketing, or content creation. If you have a writing degree, mention it. You can also share published articles or blog posts that you have written to demonstrate your skills in action. Highlighting relevant experience shows that you have the skills needed to excel in the role you are applying for.

B. Incorporating keywords

Incorporating keywords relevant to the job posting can also help showcase your writing skills. Employers often use applicant tracking systems (ATS) to scan resumes and cover letters for specific keywords related to the position. By including these keywords, you can increase your chances of getting past the initial screening process and showcase your understanding of industry-specific language.

C. Proper grammar, spelling, and tone

Finally, it’s essential to ensure that your writing exhibits proper grammar, spelling, and tone. Errors in these areas can undercut the impact of your application letter and send the wrong message to your potential employer. Take the time to proofread your cover letter and resume carefully, and have someone else review them too. Double-check for proper punctuation, spelling errors, and that your tone fits the professional context.

Showcasing your writing skills is critical when applying for jobs, particularly those that require excellent communication skills. Highlighting relevant experience, incorporating keywords, and ensuring proper grammar, spelling, and tone are strategies that can help set you apart from other applicants and make a lasting impression on potential employers.

Using Power Words and Phrases

When writing a job application letter, it is essential to use powerful words and phrases that can help you stand out from the crowd. Here are some tips to help you select the right words:

A. Selecting Strong Action Words

Action words can help demonstrate your skills and experience effectively. Use verbs that showcase your achievements and contributions to your previous roles. For instance, rather than saying you “assisted” your team, use words such as “led,” “managed,” or “initiated” to emphasize your role in driving projects and initiatives forward.

B. Avoiding Common Clichés and Buzzwords

Although buzzwords and clichés may seem tempting, they could potentially undermine the impact of your letter. Instead of using cookie-cutter phrases like “I am a team player,” try to use specific examples to illustrate your ability to work collaboratively. Also, avoid jargon that may not be familiar to the reader and opt for straightforward language that can be easily understood.

C. Crafting Impactful and Persuasive Sentences

To make your letter more impactful and persuasive, use language that emphasizes your strengths and accomplishments. Start sentences with action words and focus on the results you have achieved. Also, be specific and illustrate your points with concrete examples that demonstrate your value to the prospective employer.

When writing your job application letter, make sure to choose powerful words that demonstrate your expertise and experience effectively. Avoid using clichés and buzzwords and instead focus on crafting persuasive and impactful sentences that showcase your strengths and contributions. By following these principles, you can create a compelling letter that increases your chances of landing the job you want.

Formatting and Presentation of Your Job Application Letter

When it comes to writing a winning job application letter, the presentation and formatting of the letter are just as important as the content. Here are some tips to ensure your letter looks professional and polished:

A. Ensure consistency in formatting

Make sure your letter has a consistent format throughout. This means using the same font and font size for the entire letter. Also, ensure that the margins and spacing are consistent from beginning to end.

B. Proper use of fonts, margins, and spacing

Use a standard font like Times New Roman or Arial, in a legible size (such as 11pt or 12pt). Be sure to use proper spacing between paragraphs and section headers. It’s important to have enough white space to make the letter easy to read, but not so much that it takes up unnecessary space.

C. Guidelines on length of the letter

Longer letters can seem rambling and may deter the hiring manager from reading the whole thing. Focus on the most important points and make them clear and succinct. Remember, your goal is to make a strong case for yourself as a candidate, not overwhelm the reader with information.

By following these tips, you can ensure that your job application letter looks professional, polished, and focused on what matters most – your qualifications for the job.

Sample Job Application Letter

Writing a winning job application letter is important if you’re looking to impress the hiring manager and land your dream job. In this section of the article, we’ll walk through a sample job application letter, analyze its strong points, and provide strategies to improve it.

A. Walk Through a Sample Job Application Letter

Dear Hiring Manager,

I am writing to express my interest in the position of Marketing Manager at ABC Company, as advertised on [job board]. With over [number] years of experience in the marketing industry, I believe I have the skills and knowledge to succeed in this role and make a significant contribution to your team.

During my time at XYZ Company, I was responsible for developing and executing successful marketing campaigns that exceeded client expectations and resulted in increased ROI. My experience in digital marketing, social media management, and content creation have prepared me well for this role. I am highly adaptable, and I have a proven track record of implementing innovative strategies to achieve business objectives.

In addition, I am a strong communicator and collaborator, and I work well in cross-functional teams. I am confident that my skills and experience make me a strong candidate for the role of Marketing Manager at ABC Company.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications further.

Sincerely, [Your Name]

B. Analyzing the Strong Points in the Letter

The sample job application letter has several strong points:

• The candidate clearly expresses their interest in the position and summarizes their skills and experience in the marketing industry.
• The letter highlights the candidate’s successful track record in executing marketing campaigns and achieving business objectives.
• The candidate demonstrates their adaptability and ability to implement innovative strategies.
• The letter emphasizes the candidate’s communication and collaboration skills.

C. Strategies to Improve the Letter

To improve the sample job application letter, consider the following strategies:

• Start with a strong opening sentence that grabs the hiring manager’s attention, such as a personal anecdote or a statement about the company’s mission.
• Use specific examples of your achievements and accomplishments to demonstrate your value to the company.
• Customize your letter to the specific job and company by conducting research and referencing relevant company initiatives or values.
• Show enthusiasm and a willingness to learn by expressing interest in the company’s future projects or goals.

By implementing these strategies, you can enhance your job application letter and increase your chances of landing an interview with your dream company.

Writing a winning job application letter requires attention to detail, strong communication skills, and a clear understanding of the hiring company’s needs and values. By following these tips and analyzing examples such as the one above, you can take your job application letter to the next level and stand out from the competition.

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APEX Tutorial: Apex Programming Class & Coding Examples

What is Apex in Salesforce?

Apex is an object-oriented and strongly typed programming language developed by Salesforce for building Software as a Service (SaaS) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Apex helps developers to create third-party SaaS applications and add business logic to system events by providing back-end database support and client-server interfaces.

Apex helps developers to add business logic to the system events like button clicks, related record updates, and Visualforce pages. Apex has a similar syntax to Java. Register for Salesforce to learn how the CRM works

Features of Apex Programming Language

Here are the important features of Salesforce Apex:

• Apex is a case insensitive language.
• You can perform DML operations like INSERT, UPDATE, UPSERT, DELETE on sObject records using apex.
• You can query sObject records using SOQL(salesforce object query language) and SOSL(salesforce object search language) in apex.
• Allows you to create a unit test and execute them to verify the code coverage and efficiency of the code in apex.
• Apex executes in a multi-tenant environment, and Salesforce has defined some governor limits that prevent a user from controlling the shared resources. Any code that crosses the salesforce governor limit fails, an error shows up.

,here Account is a standard salesforce object.

• Apex automatically upgrades with every Salesforce release.

When Should Developer Choose Apex

Apex code should only be written if a business scenario is too complex and can’t be implemented using the pre-built functionality provided by Salesforce.

Following are the few scenarios where we need to write apex code:

• To create web services that integrate Salesforce with other applications.
• To implement custom validation on sobjects.
• To execute custom apex logic when a DML operation is performed.
• To implement functionality that can’t be implemented using existing workflows flows and process builders functionality.
• To setup email services , you need to include processing the contents, headers, and attachments of email using apex code.

Working Structure Of Apex

Now in this Apex tutorial, we will learn about working structure of Apex:

Following are the flow of actions for an apex code:

• Developer Action: All the apex code written by a developer is compiled into a set of instructions that can be understood by apex runtime interpreter when the developer saves the code to the platform and these instructions then save as metadata to the platform.
• End User Action: When the user event executes an apex code, the platform server gets the compiled instructions from metadata and runs them through the apex interpreter before returning the result.

Apex Syntax

Variable declaration.

As apex is strongly typed language, it is mandatory to declare a variable with datatype in apex.

For example:

here the variable con is declared with contact as a datatype.

SOQL stands for salesforce object query language. SOQL is used to fetch sObject records from Salesforce database. For example-

The above query fetches account record from salesforce database.

Loop Statement

Loop statement is used to iterate over the records in a list. The number of iteration is equal to the number of records in the list. For example:

In the above snippet of code, listOfAccounts is a variable of list datatype.

Flow Control Statement

Flow control statement is beneficial when you want to execute some lines of the code based on some conditions.

The above snippet of code is querying account records from the database and checking the list size.

DML statement

DML stands for data manipulation language. DML statements are used to manipulate data in the Salesforce database. For example –

Apex Development Environment

Now in this Apex programming tutorial, we will learn about Apex Development Environment:

Apex code can be developed either in sandbox and developer edition of Salesforce.

It is a best practice to develop the code in the sandbox environment and then deploys it to the production environment.

Apex code development tools: Following are the three tools available to develop apex code in all editions of Salesforce.

• Force.com Developer Console

Force.com IDE

• Code Editor in the Salesforce User InterfaceYou

Data Type in Apex

Following are the datatypes supported by apex:

Integer, Double, Long, Date, Date Time, String, ID, and Boolean are considered as primitive data types.All primitive data types are passed by value, not by reference.

Collections

Three types of collection are available in Apex

• List: It is an ordered collection of primitives, sObjects, collections, or Apex objects based on indices.
• Set: An unordered collection of unique primitives.
• Map: It is collection of unique, primitive keys that map to single values which can be primitives, sObjects, collections, or Apex objects.

This is a special data type in Salesforce. It is similar to a table in SQL and contains fields which are similar to columns in SQL.

Enum is an abstract data type that stores one value of a finite set of specified identifiers

It refers to any data type which is supported in Apex.

Apex Access Specifier

Following are the access specifier supported by apex:

This access specifier gives access to a class, method, variable to be used by an apex within a namespace.

This access specifier gives access to a class, method, variable to be used locally or within the section of code, it is defined. All the technique, variables that do not have any access specifier defined have the default access specifier of private.

This access specifier gives access to a method, variable to be used by any inner classes within defining Apex class.

This access specifier gives access to a class, method, variable to be used by an apex within a namespace as well as outside of the namespace. It is a best practice not to used global keyword until necessary.

Keywords in Apex

With sharing.

If a class is defined with this keyword, then all the sharing rules apply to the current user is enforced and if this keyword is absent, then code executes under system context.

For Example:

Without sharing

If a class is defined with this keyword, then all the sharing rules apply to the current user is not enforced.

A variable, Method is defined with the static keyword is initialized once and associated with the class. Static variables, methods can be called by class name directly without creating the instance of a class.

A constant, Method is defined with the final keyword can’t be overridden. For example:

If you try to override the value for this INT_CONST variable, then you will get an exception – System.FinalException: Final variable has already been initialized.

This keyword returns a value from a method. For example:

It defines a null constant and can be assigned to a variable. For example

If a class is defined with a virtual keyword, it can be extended and overridden.

If a class is defined with abstract keyword, it must contain at least one method with keyword abstract, and that method should only have a signature.

For example

Apex String

A string is a set of characters with no character limits. For example:

There are several in-built methods provide by String class in salesforce. Following are the few frequently and mostly used functions:

abbreviate(maxWidth)

This method truncates a string to the specified length and returns it if the length of the given string is longer then specified length; otherwise, it returns the original string. If the value for maxWidth variable is less than 4, this method returns a runtime exception – System.StringException: Minimum abbreviation width is 4

capitalize()

This method converts the first letter of a string to title case and returns it.

contains(substring)

This method returns true if the String calling the method contains the substring specified.

equals(stringOrId)

This method returns true if the parameter passed is not null and indicates the same binary sequence of characters as the string that is calling the method.

While comparing Id values the length of the ID’s may not to be equal. For example: if a string that represents 15 characters id is compared with an object that represents 18 characters ID this method returns true. For example:

In the above example equals method is comparing 15 characters object Id to 18 characters object Id and if both these id represents the same binary sequence it will return true.

Use this method to make case-sensitive comparisons.

escapeSingleQuotes(stringToEscape)

This method adds an escape character (\) before any single quotation in a string and returns it. This method prevents SOQL injection while creating a dynamic SOQL query. This method ensures that all single quotation marks are considered as enclosing strings, instead of database commands.

remove(substring)

This method removes all the occurrence of the mentioned substring from the String that calls the method and returns the resulting string.

substring(startIndex)

This method returns a substring starts from the character at startIndex extends to the last of the string.

This Method reverses all the characters of a string and returns it. For example:

trim(): This method removes all the leading white spaces from a string and returns it.

valueOf(toConvert)

This method returns the string representation of passed in object.

Apex Governor Limits

Apex governor limits are the limits enforced by apex runtime engine to ensure that any runway apex code and processes don’t control the shared resources and don’t violate the processing for other users on the multitenant environment. These limits are verified against each apex transaction. Following are the governor limits defined by salesforce on each apex transaction:

Apex Getter and Setter

Apex property is similar to apex variable. Getter and setter are necessary to an apex property. Getter and setter can be used to execute code before the property value is accessed or changed. The code in the get accessor executes when a property value is read. The code in the set accessor runs when a property value is changed. Any property having get accessor is considered read-only, any property having set accessor is considered to write only any property having both get and set accessor is deemed to be read-write. Syntax of an apex property:

Here, access_modifier is the access modifier of the property. return_type is the dataType of the property. property_name is the name of the property.

Below is an example of an apex property having both get and set accessor.

Here, the property name is name, and it’s public property, and it is returning a string dataType.

It is not mandatory to have some code in the get and set block. These block can be left empty to define an automatic property. For example:

Get and set accessor can also be defined with their access modifier. If an accessor is defined with a modifier, then it overrides the access modifier for the property. For example:

An apex class is a blueprint or template from which objects are created. An object is the instance of a class.

There are three ways of creating apex classes in Salesforce:

Developer Console

Apex class detail page.

In apex, you can define an outer class also called top-level class, and you can also define classes within an outer class called inner classes.

It is mandatory to use access modifier like global or public in the declaration of the outer class.

It is not necessary to use access modifier in the declaration of inner classes.

An apex class is defined using class keyword followed by the class name.

Extends keyword is used to extend an existing class by an apex class, and implements keyword is used to implement an interface by an apex class.

Salesforce Apex doesn’t support multiple inheritances, an apex class can only extend one existing apex class but can implement multiple interfaces.

An apex class can contain user-defined constructor, and if a user-defined constructor is not available, a default constructor is used. The code in a constructor executes when an instance of a class is created.

Syntax of the Apex Class example:

The new keyword is used to create an instance of an apex class. Below is the syntax for creating an instance of a apex class.

Apex Trigger

• Apex triggers enable you to execute custom apex before and after a DML operation is performed.

Apex support following two types of triggers:

Before triggers: These triggers are used to validate and update the field’s value before the record save to the database.

After triggers: These triggers are used to access the fields(record ID, LastModifiedDate field) set by the system after a record committed to the database. These fields value can be used to modify other records. Records that fires after triggers are read-only.

It is a best practice to write bulky triggers. A bulky trigger can process a single record as well as multiple records at a time.

Syntax of an apex trigger:

Here, TriggerName is the name of the trigger, ObjectName is the name of the object on which trigger to be written, trigger_events is the comma-separated list of events.

Following are the events supported by the apex triggers: before insert, before the update, before delete, after insert, after an update, after delete, after undelete.

Static keywords can’t be used in an Apex trigger. All the keywords applicable to inner classes can be used in an Apex trigger.

There are implicit variable define by every trigger that returns the run-time context. These variables are defined in the system. Trigger class. These variables are called context variables. Below screenshot shows the context variable supported by apex trigger.

Following are the consideration of the context variable in the apex trigger:

• Don’t use the trigger.new and trigger.old in DML operations.
• Trigger.new can’t be deleted.
• Trigger.new is read-only.
• Trigger.new can be used to changes the values of the fields on the same object in before trigger only.

Below screenshots list the considerations about specific actions in different trigger events.

Batch Class in Apex

Batch class in salesforce is used to process a large number of records that would exceed the apex governor limits if processed normally. Batch class executes the code asynchronously.

Following are the advantages of batch class:

• Batch class process the data in chunks and if a chunk fails to process successfully, all the chunks successfully processed do not roll back.
• Every chunk of data in a batch class processed with a new set of governor limits which ensure that code executes within the governor execution limits.
• Database. Batchable interface must be implemented by an apex class to be used as a batch class. It provides three methods which must be implemented by the batch class.

Following are the three methods provided by Database. Batchable interface:

This method generates the scope of records or objects to be processed by the interface method execute. During the execution of batch, it is called once only. This method either returns a Database.QueryLocator object or an Iterable. The number of records retrieved by SQL query using the Database.QueryLocator object is 50 million records but using an iterable, the total number of records that can be retrieved by the SQL query is 50000 only. Iterable is used to generate complex scope for batch class.

Syntax of start method:

2.execute()

This method is used for the processing of each chunk of data. For each chunk of records execute method is called. The default batch size for execution is 200 records. Execute method takes two arguments:

A reference to the Database.BatchableContext object,

A list of sObjects, such as List<sObject>, or a list of parameterized types. Syntax of execute method:

The finish method is called once during the execution of the batch class. Post-processing operations can be performed in the finish method. For example: sending the confirmation email. This method is called when all the batch get processed. Syntax of Finish method:

Database.BatchableContext object

Each method of the Database. Batchable interface has a reference to Database.BatchableContext object.

This object is used to track the progress of the batch job.

Following are instance methods provided by BatchableContext :

• getChildJobId(): This method returns the ID of a batch job that is currently processed.
• getJobId(): This method returns the ID of the batch job.

Below is the syntax of a batch class :

Database.executeBatch Method

Database.executeBatch method is used for executing a batch class.

This method takes two parameters: Instance of the batch class to be processed, Options parameter to specify the batch size if not specified it takes the default size of 200.

Syntax of Database.executeBatch :

Executing a batch class name MyBatchClass :

Database.stateful

Batch class is stateless by default. Every time the execute method is called a new copy of an object is received, all the variables of the class is initialized.

Database.stateful is implemented to make a batch class stateful.

If your batch class implemented the Database , stateful interface all the instance variable retain their values, but the static variables get reset between the transaction.

• Apex is a strongly typed, object-oriented programming language that compiles and run on force.com platform
• Apex programming language is a case insensitive language
• Two types of flow of actions in Apex are 1) Developer action 2) End-user action
• Apex helps you to create web services that integrate Salesforce with other applications.
• Datatypes supported by apex are: 1).Primitive 2) Collections 3) sObject, Enums, 4) Classes, 5) Objects and Interfaces
• Public, Private, Protected and Global are specified support by Apex
• Keywords using in Apex are : 1) With Sharing, 2) Without sharing, 3) Static, 4) Final 5)Return, 6)Null, 7) Virtual, 8) Abstract
• A string is a set of characters with no character limits
• Apex governor limits are the limits enforced by apex runtime engine to ensure that any runway apex code and processes
• Getter and setter can be used to execute code before the property value is accessed or changed
• There are three ways of creating apex classes in Salesforce: 1)Developer Console 2)Force.com IDE and, 3) Apex class detail page.
• Batch class in salesforce is used to process a large number of records that would exceed the apex governor limits if processed normally.
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Application Letter: Definition, Types and How to write it

We are all familiar with writing the application of leave of absence at least once in our lives. If you can’t relate, there are countless other times application letters are written. It can be for a job, asking for permission to host a football competition on the school grounds, asking for a transfer certificate after your dad gets posted somewhere else, etc. Here, I will tell you how you will write a general application letter.

What is an Application Letter?

If you’ve been following, the letter you write when you request for something, ask permission for something or apply for something, is an application letter. It is usually a one-page letter. It can be written for domestic or professional purposes. It can also accompany documents sometimes, like job application letters. So to say, application letters encompass more than cover letters; they can be an inquiry and a request letter too.

Types of Application Letters:

Following this thread, application letters can be classified into 3 broad groups . They include:

• Job Application Letter ( sample )
• Academic Application Letter ( sample )
• Personal Application Letter

Examples of job application letters include:

See cover letters

Examples of academic application letters include:

• Application letter seeking permission
• Scholarship application letter
• Application for leave of absence/in advance
• Application for a seat in the hostel
• Application for a testimonial, etc.

Examples of personal application letters include:

• Loan application letter
• Rental application letter
• Application letter for a deduction of fine
• Application withdrawal letter
• Internship application letter
• Transfer application letter
• Application letter for a travel grant, etc.

Note that these personal letters can be written person-to-person or person-to-business.

Steps on How to Write An Application Letter:

Like any other basic letter writing, the application letter starts with planning. Plan on the content, enquire about the recipient, think through about the details to include, keep things simple and short, and et voilà!

Let’s break things down.

Suppose you are writing an application to your college professor for the retake of your Microeconomics exam. Here’s how you draft your piece:

• Start with the date.
• Include the name of the professor, his post, department, and name of the university. Your professor can be an external or internal faculty. If he is an external faculty, mention this and the name of your university. If not, you still should include it to make things more precise. Add his contact information.
• Follow this up with the date. Proceed to the subject line, here, application for the retake on an exam is the subject.
• In the first paragraph, introduce yourself. Mention your name, batch, and program, followed by the course name. Now state why you are writing, which is to apply for the retake of your Microeconomics exam.
• Next paragraph should mention the reasons for you to skip the exam. Make sure they are valid grounds. If you had been sick, attach prescriptions or documents from the appointment. If you had been away for personal issues, give brief details of the event.
• In the closing paragraph, ask him/her to excuse you on these grounds and to retake your exam and say how it will be beneficial to you.
• Close with your details. Don’t forget to add your contact information like the mailing ID here.

Tips to Remember:

• Take care of the readability and white space in your letter.
• Make sure your pints connect with each other. Don’t include irrelevant information since an application is to be concise by format.
• Take care of grammatical and spelling errors.
• Be sure of the dates you are writing in the letter.

Related Contents

• Appreciation Letter: Definition, Types, and How To Write it
• Proposal Letter : Definition and how to write it

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Oracle APEX adds generative AI assistant

Apex ai assistant allows users to create applications using natural language and add a conversational ai interface to any application being developed..

Senior Writer, InfoWorld |

Oracle has updated its managed low-code application development platform, Application Express, or APEX, with a programming assistent driven by generative AI . The APEX AI Assistant debuts in Oracle APEX 24.1.

Oracle APEX can be used via any of Oracle’s database services across the company’s on-premises and cloud infrastructure.

The APEX AI Assistant can generate SQL code from natural language prompts, explain existing code, and suggest bug fixes to the code that can be integrated into the application, Oracle said.

Developers can access the APEX AI Assistant while building the pages of an application in the page designer window. Pages in APEX are the different UI interfaces that an end user interacts with while using an application.

In contrast to the practice of manually writing or entering SQL code while editing the pages of an application, developers have the option of using the APEX AI Assistant to help write SQL code to configure what each part or region of the page should display or edit.

“The developer opens up the AI Assistant with a natural language interface and keys in the kind of data query that particular field of the application needs, said Mike Hichwa, senior vice president of software development at Oracle. “The code is generated and with one single click it can be inserted into the page.”

Developers can also ask the assistant to explain SQL code, such as what is the difference between a join and a left outer join, Hichwa said.

The assistant can also be accessed via the SQL Workshop submenu inside APEX. This menu, according to Hichwa, is aimed at helping developers iterate and refine SQL queries.

“The assistant can help a developer identify errors in the SQL code and also explain the next steps required to fix the code,” the senior vice president said.

Generating application blueprints with AI

The generative AI assistant inside APEX can be used to design an entire blueprint of an application, edit it for adding new features, and finally publish the application via a natural language interface.

“Developers have to explain the purpose of the application in natural language, including the pages they want along with any other features, post which the AI Assistant proposes a set of pages and options matching the prompt,” Hichwa said.

The AI Assistant also can be used to add new pages, edit existing pages, or add security features to the application, the company said.

APEX allows developers to choose from multiple large language models (LLMs) inside one application, Oracle said. Developers can choose which LLM they want to use while editing pages.

“Developers can upgrade the LLM by simply updating the application’s LLM preference, and every application component that references this name’s definition will use the new LLM,” Hichwa explained.

Hichwa pointed out that each LLM has different price points and enterprises will be charged accordingly. APEX itself is free with any of Oracle’s database services.

Some of the LLMs available include GPT-4o and Cohere’s family of models .

Along with creating a blueprint for an application, APEX allows developers to add a natural language interface, powered by generative AI, into their application. 

The new version of APEX with the AI Assistant and other features are generally available.

Oracle APEX and its rivals

Oracle APEX competes in the low-code platform space with the likes of Mendix , Appian, Salesforce, Microsoft, and Creatio , all of whom have added generative AI-powered app building capabilities. But the Oracle platform arguably is not a direct rival to the offerings from the other vendors.

“Oracle does not want its APEX platform take over all application development, serving as a general-purpose, low-code development environment for any and all use cases,” said Bradley Shimmin, chief analyst at Omdia.

“Rather, Oracle intends APEX to serve as the ‘best’ choice for companies seeking to build low-code apps on top of data housed within one of Oracle’s widely deployed database platforms—something the company has been working on since introducing APEX back in 2004,” Shimmin added.

Enterprise low-code application platforms, according to Omdia, is expected to exceed $18 billion in 2026. Schimmin also pointed out that APEX lags in areas such as connectivity to data sources and multicloud, managed LCAP (low-code application platform) services.

However, Oracle’s Hichwa said that multicloud, managed LCAP services are planned in the near future. Developers can run APEX in Azure but it is not fully managed, the vice president added.

Paul Nashawaty, the Futurum Group’s practice lead and lead principal analyst, pointed out that APEX currently supports a wide range of data connectors and integration capabilities, allowing it to interact with various external data sources beyond Oracle databases.

This includes support for RESTful web services and enabling developers to connect to APIs and other web services, Nashawaty said. APEX also offers native integration with popular cloud services and third-party databases, such as Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL , and PostgreSQL .

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Anirban Ghoshal is a senior writer covering enterprise software for CIO.com and databases, cloud, and AI for InfoWorld.

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Build & write Best Resume / CV & Application Covering Letter [Free Online Course] - TechCracked

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