extended essay topics midwifery

How it works

Useful Links

How much will your dissertation cost?

Have an expert academic write your dissertation paper!

Dissertation Services

Get unlimited topic ideas and a dissertation plan for just £45.00

Order topics and plan

Get 1 free topic in your area of study with aim and justification

Yes I want the free topic

Midwifery Dissertation Topics

Published by Owen Ingram at January 3rd, 2023 , Revised On August 16, 2023

There have been midwives around for decades now. The role of midwives has not changed much with the advent of modern medicine, but their core function remains the same – to provide care and comfort to pregnant women during childbirth.

It is possible to be a midwife in the healthcare industry, but it is not always a rewarding or challenging career. Here are five things you didn’t know about midwifery nursing to help you decide if it could be the right career choice for you.

The profession of midwifery involves caring for women and newborns during pregnancy, childbirth, and the first few days following birth. Registered nurses are trained with four additional years of education along with major research on methods involve in midwifery and writing on midwifery dissertation topics, while midwives provide natural health care for mothers and children.

As a midwife, your role is to promote healthy pregnancies and births while respecting women’s rights and dignity. Midwives provide care to patients at every stage of life, from preconception to postpartum, family planning to home delivery to breastfeeding support.

Important Links: Child Health Nursing Dissertation Topics , Adult Nursing Topics , Critical Care Nursing Dissertation Topics . These links will help you to get a broad experience or knowledge about the latest trends and practices in academics.

Midwifery Is A Good Fit for the Following:

● Those who want to work with women, especially those at risk of giving birth in a hospital setting. ● Those who enjoy helping people and solving problems. ● Those who like to be creative and solve complex problems. ● Those who want to help others and make a difference in their lives.

Midwifery is a career with many benefits for both the midwife and the baby. They are well-trained and experienced in caring for pregnant women and newborns and often have access to the exceptional care that other nurses may not have.

Midwifery Dissertation Topics With Research Aim

Topic:1 adolescence care.

Research Aim: Focus on comprehensive medical, psychological, physical, and mental health assessments to provide a better quality of care to patients.

Topic:2 Alcohol Abuse

Reseasrch Aim: Closely studying different addictions and their treatments to break the habit of drug consumption among individuals.

Topic:3 Birth Planning

Research Aim: Comprehensive birth planning between parents discussing the possible consequences of before, between, and after labour.

Topic:4 Community midwifery

Research Aim: Studying different characters in community midwifery and the midwife’s role in providing care for the infant during the early days of the child’s birth.

Topic:5 Contraception

Research Aim: Understand the simplicity of contraception to prevent pregnancy by stopping egg production that results in the fertilization of egg and sperm in the later stages.

Topic:6 Electronic fetal monitoring

Research Aim: In-depth study of electronic fetal monitoring to track the health of your baby during the womb, record construction per minute, and make a count of your baby’s heart rate.

Topic:7 Family planning

Research Aim: Importance to follow the basic rhythm methods for the couple to prevent pregnancy and use protection during the vaginal sex to plan a family without fertility treatments.

Topic:8 Foetal and newborn care

Research Aim: Expansion of the maternal-fetal and newborn care services to improve the nutritional quality of infants after delivery during their postnatal care time.

Topic:9 Foetal well being

Carefully tracking indications for the rise in heart rate of the fetal by weekly checkups to assess the overall well-being of the fetal.

Topic:10 Gender-based violence

Research Aim: Studying the consequences of male desire for a child that results in gender-based violence, harming the child’s physical and mental health.

Topic:11 Health promotion

Research Aim: Working on practices that help in controlling the amount of pollution of people, taking care of their overall health, and improving quality of life through adapting best health practices.

Topic:12 High-risk pregnancy

Research Aim: Calculating the ordinary risks of a high-risk pregnancy and how it affects a pregnant body resulting in a baby with poor health or any by-birth diseases, increasing the chance for complications.

Topic:13 HIV infection

Research Aim: Common causes of HIV infection and their long-term consequences on the body’s immune system. An in-depth study into the acquired immunodeficiency and the results leading to this.

Topic:14 Human Rights

Creating reports on human rights and their link with the freedom of thought, conscience, religion, belief, and other factors.

Topic:15 Infection prevention and control

Research Aim: Practices for infection prevention and control using efficient approaches for patients and health workers to avoid harmful substances in the environment.

Topic:16 Infertility and pregnancy

Research Aim: Evaluating the percentage of infertility and pregnancy, especially those facing no prior births, and who have high chances of infertility and pregnancy complications.

Hire an Expert Writer

Orders completed by our expert writers are

Formally drafted in an academic style
Free Amendments and 100% Plagiarism Free – or your money back!
100% Confidential and Timely Delivery!
Free anti-plagiarism report
Appreciated by thousands of clients. Check client reviews

I/O Example

Midwives are nurses who provide continuous support to the mother before, during, and after labour. Midwives also help with newborn care and educate parents on how to care for their children.

How Much Do Midwives Make?

The salary of a midwife varies depending on the type of work, location, and experience of the midwife. Midwives generally earn $132,950 per year. The average annual salary for entry-level midwives is $102,390.

The minimum requirement for becoming a midwifery nurse is a bachelor’s degree in nursing, with the option of pursuing a master’s degree.

An accredited educational exam can also lead to certification as a nurse-midwife (CNM). The American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) enables you to practice independently as a midwife.

There are many pros and cons to working as a midwife. As a midwife, you have the following pros and cons:

Midwives have the opportunity to help women during one of the most memorable moments in their lives.
Midwives can positively impact the health of mothers and their children.
Midwives can work in many hospitals, clinics, and homes.
In midwifery, there are many opportunities for continuing education and professional development.
You will often have to work nights and weekends, which can be mentally draining.
You will have to travel a lot since most births occur in hospitals or centres in different areas.
You will have to deal with stressors such as complex patients and uncooperative families.
You will be dealing with a lot of pain, so you need to be able to handle it without medication or other treatment methods.

A career in midwifery is a great fit for those with a passion for health and wellness, an interest in helping people, and a desire to work in a supportive environment.

It is important to become involved in your local midwifery community if you are contemplating a career in midwifery – the best source of learning is your major research work, along with writing a lengthy thesis document on midwifery dissertation topics that will submit to your university to progress your midwifery career.

Free Dissertation Topic

Phone Number

Academic Level Select Academic Level Undergraduate Graduate PHD

Academic Subject

Area of Research

Frequently Asked Questions

How to find midwifery dissertation topics.

To find midwifery dissertation topics:

Explore childbirth challenges or trends.
Investigate maternal and infant health.
Consider cultural or ethical aspects.
Review recent research in midwifery.
Focus on gaps in knowledge.
Choose a topic that resonates with your passion and career goals.

Guide for Students to Find the Best Midwifery Dissertation Topics

What Does Midwifery Mean? | Significance in the Real World

What Are the Steps to Writing a Midwifery Dissertation?

21 Latest Midwifery Dissertation Topics for Undergraduate
22 Trending Midwifery Dissertation Topics for Students

Unsure About Your Midwifery Dissertation Topics? Get Help

Finding the best midwifery dissertation topics is a challenging job for students. To overcome this issue, Assignment Desk experts have prepared this blog. It will provide you with all relevant information on how to choose midwifery dissertation ideas , some good topics to choose from, and how to start writing your dissertation.

As a midwifery student, you will be required to write your dissertation . Although the dissertation is a mandatory task, students need to complete this work if they want to pursue midwifery as an occupation. Before starting your dissertation, find a suitable topic that might interest you and write about it in detail. The challenge in this process is identifying the best dissertation topics in midwifery . Every student must have a clear understanding of this step of dissertation writing. So, let's start with the basics of midwifery.

Need Personalised Assistance from Our Experts?

Share Your Requirements via Whatsapp!

What Does Midwifery Mean? | Significance in the Real World

In this blog, we're going to look at midwifery and where it fits in with our society today. As you may know, there's still some debate about its meaning. We'll dive into the best midwifery dissertation titles .

The word "midwife" is a little hard to define. It's derived from the Latin word "mater," which means "mother." Midwives are those who offer maternity care and health services. Midwifery is a caring occupation that strives to preserve natural childbirth, prevent maternal death, reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, and improve perinatal outcomes.

Some still use it about a woman who gives birth, while others use it as a slang term for childbirth education and training. It can be unclear because many women wish to become midwives even though they still need formal educational credentials.

Midwives are one of the oldest professions in human history. They care for women, children, and families through childbirth every year. The definition of midwifery means "midwife." The Greeks first used this term to describe women who helped with birth and prenatal care. This fact can be easily used in the dissertation structure to make it more realistic and trustworthy.

Midwives remain vital to our society because they help women maintain their dignity during labour. And help them make healthy decisions throughout their pregnancy.

All these facts about the oldest profession attract students to pursue it as a profession. They are so inspired that the most challenging job of finding midwifery dissertation topics and writing a dissertation is easy for them. It is because they follow a proper procedure to do so. In the next section, you will learn more about that procedure.

While writing a dissertation on midwifery, it's important to remember that time is of the essence. You need to make sure that you complete and prepare a perfect dissertation on time and in an efficient manner that also makes it meaningful.

Here are some tips for students who want to write their midwifery dissertation. Or they can also seek a lot of help from these tips and tricks to improve dissertation writing skills .

Writing an outline is the first step of any dissertation writing. Starting with this sections of your dissertation will make it easily formatted.
Create a timeline. The timeline should include all the significant steps and milestones you must pass to complete your midwifery dissertation on time.
Each section should be divided into smaller subsections, each with clear midwifery dissertation topics UK and a relevant purpose for your research.
When you have your outline, you can begin writing. One of the best ways to get started is by writing down everything that comes to mind about each section. Then begin with the formal content planning.
Now, look at the resources available on your midwifery dissertation topics : books written about it, articles published in journals or magazines, and videos or documentaries about caregivers.

Try using a checklist before starting this dissertation phase so you remember essential steps to include in the content!

Now that you have all these tips and tricks, it's time to start finding suitable and interesting midwifery dissertation topics . With a little bit of planning and some effort, you'll be able to complete this on time!

21 Latest Midwifery Dissertation Topics for Undergraduate

We have listed some of the best midwifery dissertation ideas to help you find a good topic that suits your research.

Midwife experiences with asylum seekers' maternity care
What causes pregnancy fear, and how can midwives help women?
Uses, expectations, perspectives, and experiences with birth plans
Pregnancy, childbirth, and IPV relationships
Increasing normalcy with midwifery care: aquatic births
Fathers' postnatal depression
Antidepressants and postnatal depression
During the postnatal period, it reduces pain and infection and promotes healing of the sutured perineum
Enhanced maternal safety in the Philippines
Pediatric, obstetric, and clinician-indirect home interventions for the Medicare population
Nurses and midwives manage hypoglycemia in healthy-term newborns
A comprehensive assessment of the qualitative literature on the experiences of health workers in acute hospital settings with teamwork education
A comprehensive assessment of the experiences of midwives and nurses working together to offer childbirth care
How have "care pathway technologies" affected integrating services in stroke care? And how strong is the evidence for their success in this area?
Our nation has a midwifery culture
Knowledge of gender in midwifery
Early midwives among the Native Americans: the art of midwifery
Midwifery trends happening in the nursing practice
What role does midwifery play in society?
Relationship between women and midwives and childbirth education in your nation.
Midwives have experience with difficult deliveries

Choose dissertation topic from the above-mentioned examples and make your efforts worthwhile. After a deep analysis, our expert has curated these ideas for you to save time. You are only required to pick the one that interests you and start working on it. if still, these 21 titles are not as per your expectation, then below are more dissertation topics in midwifery available for your help.

Also Read: How Long Should a Dissertation Be?

22 Trending Midwifery Dissertation Topics for Students

We understand how difficult it is to research a suitable topic for academic dissertation writing. Keeping that in mind, we have asked our team of professional writers with years of experience to create some of the most sensible midwifery dissertation topics UK with the help of trends. These will give you a good idea of the current issues confronting midwifery.

The cause of recurrent miscarriage
The cultural perspective on male midwives
Effectiveness of DNA testing in diagnosing a child's hereditary condition
Surgical success in treating an umbilical hernia
What hereditary factors contribute to miscarriage?
The importance of eating well and being nourished when pregnant
Treatment for a ruptured hernia
Midwives' treatment of postpartum depression
Miscarriages' underlying mechanisms
Trends involving males who work as midwives
What are the differences between pregnant women's expectations and birthing experiences?
What dangers lurk in-home abortions?
Why do umbilical cord hernias occur?
What part do infections play in miscarriages?
Techniques for promoting a normal birth during the second stage of labour
Management of perinatal depression
Perinatal treatment for disabled women
Obese women are still able to give birth typically, right?
Describe the variables that prevent natural birthing.
How practical are the WHO perinatal recommendations?
Taking care of hepatitis B while pregnant
The right to pick one's birthplace

These interesting midwifery dissertation topics can impress your faculty and get you instant approval, as experts pick them personally. So, if you're having trouble with your dissertation, seek professional assistance and leave all of your worries to those who have done it before.

Need Help with Dissertation?

Get a 100% Original Dissertation Written by EXPERTS

Do you want to specialise in midwifery or do you need help with nursing dissertation ? We have a team of experts to help, who can write your dissertation with 100% originality.

As a midwifery student, you may require a dissertation to be written by an expert writer. Moreover, it might be necessary to outline the study and write your dissertation proposal. We can organise all the essential steps for you and provide strong online dissertation help .

Writing a dissertation in midwifery is a tough job that requires tremendous concentration, so it is always advisable to engage the services of a professional writer who can complete your dissertation on time. We do not just offer midwifery, but we also provide many other benefits on several subjects. You can also find assistance for Nursing dissertation topics or Nursing assignment help . So if you want help from experts, make sure you go to the Assignment Desk and only pay a nominal fee.

Anyone interested in learning different ways to write a dissertation and wants to explore its art can also contact us. We offer samples on many levels of assistance, such as assignment help or anything from medicine.

You cannot ignore the importance of midwives in today's world. A Midwifery dissertation topics will provide valuable insight into the field. If you have difficulty finding resources for your dissertation, remember that we are here to help! We create a multitude of dissertations from scratch just for you.

Try Before You Buy !

Get Free PDF Link Directly to your WhatsApp !

Great!! Sumsa Free PDF Template has been delivered on your WhatsApp Number.

Share Your Requirements Now for Customized Solutions.

Delivered on-time or your money back

Our Services

Assignment Writing Service
Essay Writing Help
Dissertation Writing Service
Coursework Writing Service
Proofreading & Editing Service
Online Exam Help
Term paper writing service
Ghost Writing Service
Case Study Writing Service
Research Paper Writing Service
Personal Statement Writing Service
Resume Writing Service
Report Writing Service

To Make Your Work Original

Check your work against paraphrasing & get a free Plagiarism report!

Check your work against plagiarism & get a free Plagiarism report!

Quick and Simple Tool to Generate Dissertation Outline Instantly

Get citations & references in your document in the desired style!

Make your content free of errors in just a few clicks for free!

Generate plagiarism-free essays as per your topic’s requirement!

Generate a Compelling Thesis Statement and Impress Your Professor

FREE Features

Topic Creation USD 3.87 FREE
Outline USD 9.33 FREE
Unlimited Revisions USD 20.67 FREE
Editing/Proofreading USD 28 FREE
Formatting USD 8 FREE
Bibliography USD 7.33 FREE

Get all these features for

USD 80.67 FREE

RELATED BLOGS

How to Write the Ideal Dissertation Table of Contents?

How to Reference a Dissertation? | Uncut Guide

Dissertation vs. Thesis: How to Make the Right Choice?

How to Write a Dissertation Literature Review? Complete Guide

Professional assignment writers.

Choose a writer for your task among hundreds of professionals

Please rotate your device

We don't support landscape mode yet. Please go back to portrait mode for the best experience

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Know more

Calculate the Price

Professional Academic Help at Pocket-Friendly Prices!

Estimated Price

Limited Time Offer

Exclusive Library Membership + FREE Wallet Balance

1 Month Access !

5000 Student Samples

10,000 Answers by Experts

Get $300 Now

Home » Blog » Dissertation » Topics » Nursing » Midwifery » Midwifery Dissertation Topics List (30 Examples) For Your Research

Midwifery Dissertation Topics List (30 Examples) For Your Research

Mark Dec 14, 2019 Jun 5, 2020 Midwifery , Nursing No Comments

As a student, if you are finding Midwifery dissertation topics, you have visited the right site. We offer a wide range of midwifery dissertation topics and project topics on midwifery. As the field has evolved, the research topics on midwifery are based on new and emerging concepts and ideas. You can choose any of the […]

As a student, if you are finding midwifery dissertation topics, you have visited the right site. We offer a wide range of midwifery dissertation topics and project topics on midwifery. As the field has evolved, the research topics on midwifery are based on the new and emerging concepts and ideas.

You can choose any of the give topic for your research in midvfery and our team can offer quality dissertations according to your requirements.

A list Of midwifery dissertaton topics

Emerging trends in midwifery and obstetrical nursing.

Modern trends of the N education in midwives and modern methods in practical training.

The impact of delayed umbilical cord clamping after birth.

How the cell-free DNA screening is helpful in identifying genetic problems in the baby?

Limiting interventions during low-risk labor.

The concept of cost containment in healthcare deliver.

The importance of family centred care and natural childbirth environment.

An interpretive research on the disparity between women’s expectations and experience during childbirth.

Systematic literature review on the extrauterine life management focusing on lung functions in new born.

To analyse the role of perinatal care to pregnant women.

Studying the treatment alternatives for urogenital infections in rural women.

Conducting a systematic review on how midwifery students plan their career.

Strategies adopted by midwives to advise pregnant women about nutritional values and healthy food consumption.

Studying the impact of Hepatitis B in pregnant women.

Analysing how frequent miscarriages are linked with higher anticardiolip antibodies.

Studying the relationship between perinatal mortality rates and physical activity levels.

How can nurses recommend preventive strategies to avoid sexual transmission of Zika virus to new born?

Evaluating the attitude of women related to the implementation of basic immunisation programs in village.

Analysing the modern trends of the education in midwives and new methods in practical training.

To study the advance trends in gynaecology and obstetrics.

The role of midwives in saving the lives of unborn foetus.

Exploring the global trends in nursing and midwifery education.

Analysing the role of optimal midwifery decision-making during second-stage labour.

To study the integration of clinical reasoning into midwifery practice.

A literature review on labouring in water.

Exploring the experiences of mothers in caring for children with complex needs.

An ethnography of independent midwifery in Asian countries.

To explore the perceptions of control in midwifery assisted childbirth.

Analysing the decision-making between nurse-midwives and clients regarding the formulation of a birth plan.

The role of Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy .

Topic With Mini-Proposal (Paid Service)

Along with a topic, you will also get;

An explanation why we choose this topic.
2-3 research questions.
Key literature resources identification.
Suitable methodology with identification of raw sample size, and data collection method
View a sample of topic consultation service

Get expert dissertation writing help to achieve good grades

Writer consultation before payment to ensure your work is in safe hands.
Free topic if you don't have one
Draft submissions to check the quality of the work as per supervisor's feedback
Free revisions
Complete privacy
Plagiarism Free work
Guaranteed 2:1 (With help of your supervisor's feedback)
2 Instalments plan
Special discounts

Best Midwifery Dissertation Topics Ideas & Examples

Table of Contents

List of Midwifery dissertations Topics and Some Tips for Selecting Better Dissertation Topics in Midwifery

Many students feel difficulty in pursuing their studies in midwifery, let alone making a selection of topics for the dissertation. If you are searching for examples of midwifery literature review topics, midwifery research topics, midwifery dissertation titles , midwifery dissertation topics, or midwifery research questions this post is for you.

Do you belong to the above group of students who are not only shy but are also confused about how to make a selection of dissertation topics in midwifery for the midwifery dissertation?

Let’s first define what midwifery means and what its importance is in our social and medical structure.

What is Midwifery?

Midwifery is a healthcare profession that provides care to childbearing women during pregnancy, labor, and birth and during the postpartum period. They take care of the newborn and the mother. They also provide primary care to women which includes primary care to women, gynecological examination of women, family planning, and menopausal care.

In the nursing profession, students may be asked to write a dissertation on any topic of midwifery.

Tips for Selecting Midwifery Dissertation Topics

Like any dissertation in which it is difficult to choose a topic and write it, midwifery dissertations also students face the same problem. So, it is not an exception. However, one must know the important areas for the selection of the topic for the dissertation. Therefore, prior to the final selection of the topic, there are some important tips that would help students in selecting midwifery dissertation topics. These tips are as follows.

The students must be sure that they are going to discuss one of the most important topics in the subject.
The dissertation on midwifery must touch on some of the serious problems which are faced by mothers and newborns.
The students must take care that their topic is specific, and it is not broad in its nature.
If someone has chosen a narrow topic, he/she must expand it through research and writing.
Clear attention should be given to traditional midwifery dissertation topics in order to know their content and scope.
The topic chosen must be aimed at explaining the profession in greater detail. The students choose the research topic which can help to improve the healthcare of mothers and their children.
The students must enhance their basic knowledge for a better understanding of the subject.

Prenatal Care:

The role of midwives in promoting healthy prenatal behaviors
Assessing the effectiveness of prenatal education programs
Addressing cultural barriers in accessing prenatal care

Postpartum Care:

Strategies for improving postpartum support for new mothers.
The impact of postpartum depression on maternal health outcomes
Exploring alternative postpartum care models, such as home visits

Labor and Delivery:

Examining the use of pain management techniques during labor
Investigating the influence of birth environment on labor outcomes
Evaluating the role of midwives in reducing cesarean section rates

Maternal Health:

Addressing disparities in maternal healthcare access
Exploring the impact of maternal nutrition on birth outcomes
Investigating interventions to reduce maternal mortality rates globally.

Neonatal Care:

Assessing the effectiveness of breastfeeding support in neonatal care units
Exploring the role of midwives in neonatal resuscitation
Investigating best practices for kangaroo care in low-resource settings

Women’s Health:

Examining midwifery-led models of women’s health care
Investigating the role of midwives in promoting sexual and reproductive health
Addressing cultural taboos surrounding women’s health issues

Family Planning:

Evaluating the impact of contraceptive counseling provided by midwives
Exploring the role of midwives in providing abortion care
Assessing barriers to accessing family planning services in rural areas

Midwifery Education and Training:

Assessing the effectiveness of simulation training in midwifery education
Exploring innovative teaching methods in midwifery programs
Investigating strategies for mentorship and professional development in midwifery

Midwifery Ethics and Legal Issues:

Examining ethical dilemmas faced by midwives in clinical practice.
Exploring legal frameworks for midwifery practice across different countries
Assessing the impact of litigation on midwifery practice

Mental Health in Pregnancy and Childbirth:

Investigating the prevalence of anxiety disorders in pregnant women
Exploring interventions for addressing trauma in childbirth
Assessing the role of midwives in identifying and supporting women with perinatal mental health issues

Integrative Medicine in Midwifery Practice:

Exploring the integration of complementary therapies in midwifery care
Assessing the safety and efficacy of herbal remedies during pregnancy and childbirth
Investigating cultural practices and rituals surrounding pregnancy and birth

Technology in Midwifery:

Examining the use of telemedicine in midwifery practice
Exploring the impact of mobile health applications on maternal and neonatal health outcomes
Assessing the role of artificial intelligence in improving prenatal diagnosis and monitoring

LGBTQ+ Inclusive Care:

Investigating the experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals in maternity care settings
Assessing cultural competency training in midwifery education programs
Exploring strategies for creating inclusive and affirming birth environments

Global Health and Midwifery:

Examining the role of midwives in addressing maternal and neonatal health disparities in low-income countries
Investigating the impact of international partnerships on improving midwifery services
Assessing the cultural appropriateness of western midwifery models in diverse global contexts

Midwifery and Public Health:

Exploring the role of midwives in promoting breastfeeding initiation and duration
Assessing the impact of midwifery-led prenatal care on birth outcomes
Investigating strategies for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality through public health interventions

Custom Midwifery Dissertation Topics Brief Service

Paid topic mini proposal (500 words).

You will get the topics first and then the mini proposal which includes:

An explanation why we choose this topic.
2-3 research questions.
Key literature resources identification.
Suitable methodology including raw sample size and data collection method
View a Sample of Service

Note: After submitting your order please must check your email [inbox/spam] folders for order confirmation and login details. If the email goes in spam please mark not as spam to avoid any communication gap between us.

Get An Expert Dissertation Writing Help To Achieve Good Grades

By placing an order with us, you can get;

Writer consultation before payment to ensure your work is in safe hands.
Free topic if you don't have one
Draft submissions to check the quality of the work as per supervisor's feedback
Free revisions
Complete privacy
Plagiarism Free work
Guaranteed 2:1 (With help of your supervisor's feedback)
2 Instalments plan
Special discounts

63 Best Midwifery Dissertation Topics

Whenever you search “ midwifery dissertation topics ,” you expect to find expert recommendations for top grades. Even professionals sometimes need a hand to find the best project ideas.

Also, students who seek help in finding topics have a high chance of scoring better grades than those who find their research questions independently.

Why Should You Select Our Midwifery Dissertation Topics?

There many are many reasons why you should select a dissertation topic from our platform:

Need help doing your assignment?

Sometimes you need help : Realistically, you cannot do every task independently. No matter how active you are in your studies, sometimes it becomes mind-boggling to find suitable topics and complete your project on time. That is why we provide you with midwifery research topics for free and project writing at an affordable fee.

Assignment help to assist you to work on complex dissertation topics: Once you consult our services, we help you tackle complex topics that would have been challenging to handle on your own. Therefore, it would be helpful to contact our writers who help you complete any task with great precision.

You get unique topics and plagiarism-free work: You do not have to worry about the uniqueness of our midwifery research topics. The ideas are professionally researched to ensure an original topic that helps you stand out amongst your peers. Further, if you let us assist you in dissertation writing, we submit 100% original papers that guarantee you A+ grades.

Urgency: Sometimes, you get a dissertation assignment that you need to submit within a short time. In these instances, you should select the best midwifery topic for your research or contact us and let us assist you.

Bonus Points: You impress your professor when you have a unique and well-researched topic. When the professor is impressed, you quickly get bonus points.

On the contrary, your topic cannot earn you top grades if you do not follow procedures during the research process.

Qualities of an Excellent Midwifery Dissertation Topic

You should select a topic that fascinates you. After selecting the midwifery dissertation topic, check if it has the following qualities:

Clarity : Your midwifery research topic should be easy to understand. Also, the topic should be straightforward and easily understandable to your audience.

Complex: Your midwifery dissertation topic should be analytic and argumentative. The topic should not be answerable by yes or no.

Focused: Your dissertation topic should be focused and debatable. Also, it should be narrow and that it can be answered thoroughly.

Your performance depends on the dissertation topic you pick. It would be best to prepare your research on time. But when you have a short deadline, contact us to help you.

Good Dissertation Research Topics

Are you looking for good dissertation topics in midwifery? We have some for you:

An attitude of midwives towards women in their care
Effects of improving midwifery in developing countries
Gender knowledge on midwifery
Global plans on midwifery improvement
History of midwifery
Improvement of active birth in women with continuous electronic fetal monitoring
Obstetric violence
The art of midwifery: early midwives in native America
The culture of midwifery in your country
The midwifery model of care
The perspective of family-centered care
Trends in midwifery
What is the social meaning of midwifery
Women relationship with midwives
Women-centered care

Interesting Midwifery Dissertation Topics

Finding interesting midwifery dissertation topics can be a hassle. But we have some top recommendations to relieve you the burden:

Aspects of preparation that students go through before practice
Case study of women who give birth at home
Challenges of learning for students midwives
Childbirth education in your country
Compare cesarean rates in two countries
Compare child care models in hospitals in your country
Compare Experiences of women who give birth at home, birth center, or in labor wards
Ethnography of labor wards
How can students cope with traumatic episodes in labor wards?
Midwives care in labor wards
Midwives experiences on traumatic childbirth
Midwives experiences that facilitate normal birth in your country
Obstetric procedures to facilitate normal birth
Right to choose a place of birth
What is the role of nurses in family-centered care?

Best Midwifery Research Topics

If you are looking for the midwifery dissertation topics to earn you top grades, you go through this list:

Advancement of gynecology and obstetrics
Are perinatal services linked to perinatal care services?
Association of fetal Zika virus exposure with visual and hearing loss
Can women with obesity have normal childbirth?
Effects of chronic Hepatitis B during pregnancy
Experiences of women taking care of children with disabilities
Explain the factors that inhibit normal childbirth
Hepatitis B during pregnancy: Challenges and opportunities
How effective are minerals and vitamins supplement during pregnancy?
How practical are the WHO perinatal guidelines?
Hygiene practices and urogenital infection in women from rural areas
Managing Hepatitis B during pregnancy
Perinatal care for women with disabilities
Perinatal depression management
Techniques in second stage labor that promotes normal childbirth

Excellent Midwifery Research Topics

If you need excellent midwifery dissertation topics, we hope you find a suitable one in the list below:

Causes of recurrent miscarriage
Cultural perspective towards male midwives
Effectiveness of DNA screening in identifying genetic problems in children
Effectiveness of surgery in repairing an umbilical hernia
Explain the genetic aspects of miscarriage
Explain the role of midwifery in decision-making in the second stage of labor
Importance of nutrition and healthy food consumption during pregnancy
Management of hernia rupture
Management of postpartum depression among midwives
Mechanisms behind miscarriages
Relationship between intrauterine fetal death and diarrhea
Trends concerning men practicing midwifery
Trends in midwifery research
What are the differences between women’s expectations and experiences during pregnancy and birth?
What are the risks of home abortions
What causes umbilical cord hernia
What is the role of infections in miscarriage?

How Do You Order From Us

After selecting a dissertation topic, you might feel the need to hire a professional writer. If you need the services you should, you can either contact our support department or follow the steps below:

Submit Your Order

To make an order, click on order now button, fill in the required details and upload any documents required for the assignment.

Make Your Payment

Your assignment will go through a review and a quotation uploaded. Make payments immediately for your order to be assigned to a writer.

Ask For Drafts

To track the progress and quality of your research paper, ask for a draft, and the writer handling your assignment will upload one ASAP .

Get Assignment Solution

Once the writer is done with your paper, it will be checked for plagiarism and uploaded. If you have made partial payments, pay the balance to download your assignment .

Custom Midwifery Dissertation

Quality writing translates to excellently customized midwifery dissertation research papers. At HelpForHomework , we help students to get top solutions whenever necessary. Now that you have a midwifery research topic, your next top-notch research help is just a click away. Also check Nursing Essay Help .

100 IB Extended Essay Topic Ideas!

One of the biggest keys to the Extended Essay is choosing which subject you want to write your work in and developing that crucial research question. Read on to find inspiration for topics across a wide range of subjects.

Extended Essay: The Love/Hate aspect of the IB

One of the biggest keys to the Extended Essay is choosing which subject you want to write your work in and developing that crucial research question. Annoyingly, coming up with that idea and research question can be the toughest part of the entire process. Writing 4,000 words about something you are interested in is a big ask and it often feels impossible to narrow down your thoughts. To make everything super clear, here are 100 Extended Essay Topics for you to draw inspiration from! Use these as a springboard to create your own research question !

Get Support from A Top Tutor Today

At Lanterna we have over 300 tutors who smashed their Extended Essay. They know exactly how to get an A in your EE and can give you tips and tricks on how you can do the same. What are you waiting for? Get your own tutor today !

How to Begin Your IB Extended Essay

To make everything super clear, here are 100 Extended Essay Topics for you to draw inspiration from! Use these as a springboard to create your own research question !

Get Support from a Top Tutor Today

At Lanterna, we have over 300 tutors who smashed their Extended Essay. They know exactly how to get an A in your EE and can give you tips and tricks on how you can do the same. What are you waiting for? Get your own tutor today!

10 Steps to Writing an Extended Essay

Before we look at specific topics for your essay, let’s recap the 10-steps you’ll need to follow to complete your extended essay.

1. Define the Topic and Draft the Research Question

2. Create a Timeline

3. Identify and gather Sources

4. Set Deadlines

5. Plan the structure according to the total word count

6. Evaluate

7. independent Research

8. Write the extended essay draft

10. Present

By following the steps above, you should be able to produce a logical and coherent rationale to follow when writing the extended essay for your IB diploma programme.

By starting with a solid research question, you’ll be able to put an extended essay of global significance together, from the research and writing process all the way through to your final submission with a favourable extended essay grade.

Below, we’re sharing 10 topics across 10 subjects to inspire your next IB extended essay.

1. How the change of habitat affects an X organism?

2. How does climate affect the growth of X plant?

3. Can photosynthesis take place without sunlight?

4. What is the effect of age and gender on the photoreceptor cells in the human retina?

5. How is climate change impacting the appearance of coral reefs?

6. An evaluation of how antioxidants work in our bodies?

7. Does hand sanitizer, hand soap or antibacterial wipes have the greatest ability to inhibit the growth of E. Coli?

8. To what extent do live cultures in yogurts/milk/other dairy products reduce the concentration of lactose present over the course of a 2 hour incubation period at x°C?

9. What is the relationship between population density between X and population size of X?

10. What is the relationship between indoleacetic acid, a growth hormone, and the growth of X (a crop)?

11. How does human influence impact an aquatic ecosystem?

12. How can one organize a pollution check along a X canal in X?

13. What is the effect of the increased ecological footprint in the Amazon ?

14. What are the forest and woodland restoration in Siberia, Russia and which one is most effective?

15. How does human interference cause ecological imbalances in an X city/country/continent?

16. What is the impact of urban development on the bee population in X city?

17. What are the differences in the conversation efforts in Yosemite National Park (California, USA) and the Lake District National Park (UK)?

18. To what extent have healthcare policies in X country influenced their human population curve?

19. How have changes in environmental systems influenced the value system of X country?

20. How has X landfill site affected the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem?

21. What is the profitability of airline companies ?

22. How does unemployment affect the market?

23. Why did X recession occur?

24. How did the financial Policy affect the economy in X?

25. How effective are government policies in reducing overconsumption of alcohol (specifically hard liquor)?

26. To what extent are public buses and subways substitute goods in a country?

27. How did the tax reform in country x affect its growth and development? (many countries to choose from)

28. To what extent was weak government policy responsible for the Latin American financial crisis of 1997?

29. How effective is the Big Mac Index in measuring purchasing power parity?

30. To what extent would the UK suffer from leaving the European Customs Union if Brexit happens?

31. Is there an association between viewing violence on television and the display of violent acts?

32. What motivational climate should a coach employ in order to achieve optimal performance in athletes?

33. How does X hormone affect human behavior ?

34. Compare theories explaining altruism in human behaviour

35. Discuss short-term and long-term consequences of exposure to violence

36. Why do relationships change or end?

37. Discuss how social variables (poverty, parenting, educational environment) may the affect cognitive environment.

38. To what extent do mirror neurons play a role in empathy? (2014)

39. To what extent does Mindfulness help people cope with General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

40. To what extent is drug therapy effective in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

41. Does the British Parliamentary reforms act of 1832 deserve its title as the great reform act?

42. To what extent are there similarities in Hitler and Mussolini’s Rise to Power?

43. To what extent did Mao’s tackle the problems which he faced?

44. Was Tsar Alexander II of Russia reforms a success or failure?

45. To what extent was the bombing of Dresden in 1945 justifiable?

46. To what extent can Sweden be considered neutral during WWII ?

47. The impact of structural economic weakness on the collapse of the Soviet Union.

48. How were women treated differently in 1920s and 1950s Great Britain?

49. Why did Israel win the Six Day War of 1967?

50. What role did economics play in the unification of Germany from 1834 to 1871?

English Literature

51. What are the Compare and Contrast Jane Austen Books?

52. How does Joseph Conrad’s portray Racism in A Heart of Darkness?

53. How does Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman critique today’s capitalist society? The American Dream?

54. To what extent does Chris McCandless in Jon Krakauer’s Into the Wild escape familial influence?

55. What are the similarities and differences between J.K. Rowling’s characterization of Severus Snape in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows?

56. How does Yaa Gyasi use structure in her novel Homegoing to portray the evolution of time?

57. What is the impact of the social context on Holden Caufield and Huckleberry Finn?

58. How does Sylvia Path’s use of Inanimate objects in Bell Jar?

59. How is the empowerment of Feminine portrayed in the Lord of the Rings?

60. Compare the political rhetoric as used in the inaugural addresses of George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump.

61. The design, construction and calibration of an apparatus for measuring lipid concentration in milk.

62. What is the effect of a change in the optimal lift on the horizontal gliding distance of an aircraft?

63. How does the sugar concentration affect the refractive index of water?

64. How does temperature affect the viscosity of X juice/soda?

65. Is the relationship between temperature and conductivity and insulators and conductors?

66. What is the Oberth Effect?

67. What is the temperature dependence of work performed on an AA battery?

68. How can the rotational frequency of a fan driven by a flame measure distance?

69. Do wine bottles of different shapes behave as Helmholtz resonators?

70. How does the diameter of a wheel affect stability in different weather conditions?

71. What factors influence the location of industries in country/city X?

72. An investigation into the significance of preserving the quality of water in a continent/country/city?

73. An investigation into the degree to which City X can be considered a Sustainable City/Community.

74. To what extent is Biodiversity being managed successfully in city X?

75. To what extent does the education and employment of women affect Country x’s fertility rate?

76. To what extent do gender, educational attainment, and working parameters influence obesity risk?

77. To what extent has urban development affected human thermal comfort levels in Country/city x (a country/city that has developed in a rapid rate over the past decades)?

78. To what extent is the Company x corporate waste management program effective, demonstrating environmental sustainability?

79. To what extent is biodiversity being managed successfully at National Park X?

80. What types of urban design encourage high rates of vandalism in X neighbourhoods?

81. The kinetics of Enzymatic Reactions.

82. How do Iron Intake Diets differ in X country?

83. What are the different factors that affect the iodine values in cooking oils?

84. What is the effect of standing time and temperate on the acid content in X juice or soda?

85. Can caffeine in tea or coffee be reduced?

86. What is the effect of temperature on the souring of milk?

87. What are the sources of error in calorimetry?

88. Does brushing your teeth affect the pH in your mouth after eating?

89. How does changing the concentration of the reagents affect the formation and spacing between Liesehang rings in the reaction between X chloride and X when conducted in a test tube?

90. What effect does the coating of aspirin tablets have on the hydrolysis of aspirin?

Social and Cultural Anthropology

91. How clothing relates to the cultural anthropology of X culture.

92. The extent to which social media networks affect different societies.

93. The relationship between ritual, myths and faith in an X society.

94. The history of rituals in X culture.

95. How different marriage rituals inform the cultural anthropology of X culture.

96. Climate change and its impact on the evolution of different creatures on the planet.

97. Understanding the social and cultural anthropology of the supernatural in X culture.

98. An analysis of body modification in relation to social and cultural anthropology.

100. Chaste systems and social ranks in societies.

There are so many class subjects that can form the basis of your extended essay, including these popular six subjects:

– Information technology

– Computer science

– Health science

– World studies

– Visual arts

– Business management

Extended essays are a great way to improve your writing skills in academic writing. Essays of a high standard that demonstrate critical thinking and in depth analysis can be submitted to academic journals. These have the potential to reach the global society.

Start Writing Your Extended Essay Topic

We hope this gave you some great inspiration for the variation of topics available for your Extended Essay . The research question you select is what will carry you through the entire process, so be sure to choose wisely!

Remember, if you are looking for more help with your Extended Essay, make sure to check out our guide which will tell you exactly how to plan, structure, research and write your Extended Essay!

Grab Free Extended Essay Resources!

No matter the subject groups in your diploma program, we’re here to help all of our IB students. Whether you’re writing about social and cultural anthropology, business management, design technology, or scientific methods for your IB diploma, Lanterna has you covered.

Share article links

Most Popular

25 History IA Topic Ideas!

Are you about to start your History internal assessment? We know the struggle. One of the most difficult parts about the task is finding a good History IA topic because it feels like you can just write about anything. The IB breaks it down into 7 main different types of topics that you can choose, […]

IB Extended Essay

How to Finish Your Extended Essay Over Summer!

Completing their extended essay before they begin DP2 is the dream of most IB students. In reality, however, few achieve it. In this blog, we’ll explore how to finish your extended essay over summer without feeling overwhelmed! Part 1: Get Some Rest! Don’t forget that the reason you have a summer break is to take […]

Top 5 Essentials for Studying Physics

As the school year just started and some people are stressed about their upcoming journey in the IB Diploma Programme, we wanted to take the time to discuss perhaps one of the most infamous subjects for its difficulty … physics. It gets some bad rep and many people think that they’re just not “meant” for […]

This website is intended for healthcare professionals

{ $refs.search.focus(); })" aria-controls="searchpanel" :aria-expanded="open" class="hidden lg:inline-flex justify-end text-gray-800 hover:text-primary py-2 px-4 lg:px-0 items-center text-base font-medium"> Search

Search menu

Literature review.

Midwifery students' experiences of learning to be ‘with woman’: a scoping review

This scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews, as outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute (Aromataris and Munn, 2020). A priori protocol was...

Breastfeeding knowledge assessment tools among nursing and midwifery students: a systematic review

This systematic review was conducted to identify tools that have been developed to evaluate breastfeeding knowledge and practice among nursing and midwifery students. The review followed the Preferred...

Impact of the midwife-led care model on mode of birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A systematic review is the best approach to determine the most effective intervention/treatment in clinical decision-making (Harvey and Land, 2017). This method follows explicit, rigorous and...

The role of egg consumption in the first 1001 days of life: a narrative review

For this narrative review, PubMed was searched to identify key articles published between 2019 and 2024 investigating egg consumption during pregnancy, breastfeeding and/or infancy. The following...

Autistic women's experiences of the antenatal, intrapartum and early postnatal periods

The PICO mnemonic (Stern et al, 2014) was used to identify key words and develop the research question: what can midwives in England learn from studies exploring the experiences of autistic women in...

Perinatal outcomes in persistent occiput posterior fetal position: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Meta-analysis is a quantitative, formal, epidemiological study design used to systematically assess the results of previous research to derive conclusions about that body of research (Haidich, 2010)....

Carbetocin vs oxytocin in third stage labour: a quantitative review of low- and middle-income countries

This review was carried out to determine if the use of carbetocin in low- and middle-income countries would reduce the risk of postpartum haemorrhage, and associated morbidity and mortality, in...

mHealth interventions to improve self efficacy and exclusive breastfeeding: a scoping review

The electronic search was carried out in September 2022, using the population/problem/patient, intervention, comparison, outcome and study design strategy. The primary source of literature was online...

Routine examinations such as palpation can help to recognise adverse events

The use of gender-neutral language in maternity settings: a narrative literature review

A preliminary search of the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and MEDLINE databases was undertaken to identify articles relating to the topic. Search terms or text words contained in titles, abstracts and...

Midwives’ practice of maternal positions throughout active second stage labour: an integrative review

An integrative review was considered suitable for this study, as this methodology allows inclusion of data from all types of literature to fully answer review questions (Whittemore and Knafl, 2005;...

Health-seeking behaviours of pregnant adolescents: a scoping review

This study was developed based on Arskey and O'Malley's (2005) scoping review methodology. According to this framework, there are six stages: (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying...

Maternal intrapartum fluids and neonatal weight loss in the breastfed infant

Searches of key databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE) were conducted using a search strategy developed in collaboration with the local NHS library service (Table 1). Known researchers in this...

Showing 1 to 12 of 63 results

Why choose British Journal of Midwifery?

BJM supports midwives by sharing expertise and advice to help you build confidence, grow professionally and improve care.

What's included

Evidence-based best practice

Peer-reviewed research

Practical guidance

CPD support

Subscriptions start:

Library Guides

Nursing and Midwifery

Accessing NHS resources
Journals, Databases and Critical Thinking

What is a literature review?

Choosing a topic, developing your search strategy, carrying out your search, saving and documenting your search, formulating a research question, critical appraisal tools.

Go to LibrarySearch This link opens in a new window

So you have been asked to complete a literature review, but what is a literature review?

A literature review is a piece of research which aims to address a specific research question. It is a comprehensive summary and analysis of existing literature. The literature itself should be the main topic of discussion in your review. You want the results and themes to speak for themselves to avoid any bias.

The first step is to decide on a topic. Here are some elements to consider when deciding upon a topic:

Choose a topic which you are interested in, you will be looking at a lot of research surrounding that area so you want to ensure it is something that interests you.
Draw on your own experiences, think about your placement or your workplace.
Think about why the topic is worth investigating.

Once you have decided on a topic, it is a good practice to carry out an initial scoping search.

This requires you to do a quick search using LibrarySearch or Google Scholar to ensure that there is research on your topic. This is a preliminary step to your search to check what literature is available before deciding on your question.

The research question framework elements can also be used as keywords.

Keywords - spellings, acronyms, abbreviations, synonyms, specialist language

Think about who the population/ sample group. Are you looking for a particular age group, ethnicity, cultural background, gender, health issue etc.
What is the intervention/issue you want to know more about? This could be a particular type of medication, education, therapeutic technique etc.
Do you have a particular context in mind? This could relate to a community setting, hospital, ward etc.

It is important to remember that databases will only ever search for the exact term you put in, so don't panic if you are not getting the results you hoped for. Think about alternative words that could be used for each keyword to build upon your search.

Build your search by thinking about about synonyms, specialist language, spellings, acronyms, abbreviations for each keyword that you have.

Inclusion & Exclusion Criteria

Your inclusion and exclusion criteria is also an important step in the literature review process. It allows you to be transparent in how you have ended up with your final articles.

Your inclusion/exclusion criteria is completely dependent on your chosen topic. Use your inclusion and exclusion criteria to select your articles, it is important not to cherry pick but to have a reason as to why you have selected that particular article.

Search Planning Template Use this template to plan your search strategy.

Once you have thought about your keywords and alternative keywords, it is time to think about how to combine them to form your search strategy. Boolean operators instruct the database how your terms should interact with one another.

Boolean Operators

OR can be used to combine your keywords and alternative terms. For example "Social Media OR Twitter". When using OR we are informing the database to bring articles continuing either of those terms as they are both relevant so we don't mind which appears in our article.
AND can be used to combine two or more concepts. For example "Social Media AND Anxiety". When using AND we are informing the database that we need both of the terms in our article in order for it to be relevant.
Truncation can be used when there are multiple possible word endings. For example Nurs* will find Nurse, Nurses and Nursing.
Double quotation marks can be used to allow for phrase searching. This means that if you have two or more words that belong together as a phrase the database will search for that exact phrase rather than words separately. For example "Social Media"

Don't forget the more ORs you use the broader your search becomes, the more ANDs you use the narrower your search becomes.

One of the databases you will be using is EBSCOHost Research Databases. This is a platform which searches through multiple databases so allows for a comprehensive search. The short video below covers how to access and use EBSCO.

A reference management software will save you a lot of time especially when you are looking at lots of different articles.

We provide support for EndNote and Mendeley. The video below covers how to install and use Mendeley.

Consider using a research question framework. A framework will ensure that your question is specific and answerable.

There are different frameworks available depending on what type of research you are interested in.

Population - Who is the question focussed on? This could relate to staff, patients, an age group, an ethnicity etc.

Intervention - What is the question focussed on? This could be a certain type of medication, therapeutic technique etc.

Comparison/Context - This may be with our without the intervention or it may be concerned with the context for example where is the setting of your question? The hospital, ward, community etc?

Outcome - What do you hope to accomplish or improve etc.

Sample - as this is qualitative research sample is preferred over patient so that it is not generalised.

Phenomenon of Interest - reasons for behaviour, attitudes, beliefs and decisions.

Design - the form of research used.

Evaluation - the outcomes.

Research type -qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods.

All frameworks help you to be specific, but don't worry if your question doesn't fit exactly into a framework.

There are many critical appraisal tools or books you can use to assess the credibility of a research paper but these are a few we would recommend in the library. Your tutor may be able to advise you of others or some that are more suitable for your topic.

Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP)

CASP is a well-known critical appraisal website that has checklists for a wide variety of study types. You will see it frequently used by practitioners.

Understanding Health Research

This is a brand-new, interactive resource that guides you through appraising a research paper, highlighting key areas you should consider when appraising evidence.

Greenhalgh, T. (2014) How to read a paper: The basics of evidence-based medicine . 5 th edn. Chichester: Wiley

Greenhalgh’s book is a classic in critical appraisal. Whilst you don’t need to read this book cover-to-cover, it can be useful to refer to its specific chapters on how to assess different types of research papers. We have copies available in the library!

<< Previous: Journals, Databases and Critical Thinking
Next: Go to LibrarySearch >>
Last Updated: Aug 20, 2024 8:36 AM
URL: https://libguides.gre.ac.uk/nursing

Choose Your Test

Search Blogs By Category
College Admissions
AP and IB Exams
GPA and Coursework

The Complete IB Extended Essay Guide: Examples, Topics, and Ideas

International Baccalaureate (IB)

IB students around the globe fear writing the Extended Essay, but it doesn't have to be a source of stress! In this article, I'll get you excited about writing your Extended Essay and provide you with the resources you need to get an A on it.

If you're reading this article, I'm going to assume you're an IB student getting ready to write your Extended Essay. If you're looking at this as a potential future IB student, I recommend reading our introductory IB articles first, including our guide to what the IB program is and our full coverage of the IB curriculum .

IB Extended Essay: Why Should You Trust My Advice?

I myself am a recipient of an IB Diploma, and I happened to receive an A on my IB Extended Essay. Don't believe me? The proof is in the IBO pudding:

If you're confused by what this report means, EE is short for Extended Essay , and English A1 is the subject that my Extended Essay topic coordinated with. In layman's terms, my IB Diploma was graded in May 2010, I wrote my Extended Essay in the English A1 category, and I received an A grade on it.

What Is the Extended Essay in the IB Diploma Programme?

The IB Extended Essay, or EE , is a mini-thesis you write under the supervision of an IB advisor (an IB teacher at your school), which counts toward your IB Diploma (learn more about the major IB Diploma requirements in our guide) . I will explain exactly how the EE affects your Diploma later in this article.

For the Extended Essay, you will choose a research question as a topic, conduct the research independently, then write an essay on your findings . The essay itself is a long one—although there's a cap of 4,000 words, most successful essays get very close to this limit.

Keep in mind that the IB requires this essay to be a "formal piece of academic writing," meaning you'll have to do outside research and cite additional sources.

The IB Extended Essay must include the following:

A title page
Contents page
Introduction
Body of the essay
References and bibliography

Additionally, your research topic must fall into one of the six approved DP categories , or IB subject groups, which are as follows:

Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature
Group 2: Language Acquisition
Group 3: Individuals and Societies
Group 4: Sciences
Group 5: Mathematics
Group 6: The Arts

Once you figure out your category and have identified a potential research topic, it's time to pick your advisor, who is normally an IB teacher at your school (though you can also find one online ). This person will help direct your research, and they'll conduct the reflection sessions you'll have to do as part of your Extended Essay.

As of 2018, the IB requires a "reflection process" as part of your EE supervision process. To fulfill this requirement, you have to meet at least three times with your supervisor in what the IB calls "reflection sessions." These meetings are not only mandatory but are also part of the formal assessment of the EE and your research methods.

According to the IB, the purpose of these meetings is to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their engagement with the research process." Basically, these meetings give your supervisor the opportunity to offer feedback, push you to think differently, and encourage you to evaluate your research process.

The final reflection session is called the viva voce, and it's a short 10- to 15-minute interview between you and your advisor. This happens at the very end of the EE process, and it's designed to help your advisor write their report, which factors into your EE grade.

Here are the topics covered in your viva voce :

A check on plagiarism and malpractice
Your reflection on your project's successes and difficulties
Your reflection on what you've learned during the EE process

Your completed Extended Essay, along with your supervisor's report, will then be sent to the IB to be graded. We'll cover the assessment criteria in just a moment.

We'll help you learn how to have those "lightbulb" moments...even on test day!

What Should You Write About in Your IB Extended Essay?

You can technically write about anything, so long as it falls within one of the approved categories listed above.

It's best to choose a topic that matches one of the IB courses , (such as Theatre, Film, Spanish, French, Math, Biology, etc.), which shouldn't be difficult because there are so many class subjects.

Here is a range of sample topics with the attached extended essay:

Biology: The Effect of Age and Gender on the Photoreceptor Cells in the Human Retina
Chemistry: How Does Reflux Time Affect the Yield and Purity of Ethyl Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine), and How Effective is Recrystallisation as a Purification Technique for This Compound?
English: An Exploration of Jane Austen's Use of the Outdoors in Emma
Geography: The Effect of Location on the Educational Attainment of Indigenous Secondary Students in Queensland, Australia
Math: Alhazen's Billiard Problem
Visual Arts: Can Luc Tuymans Be Classified as a Political Painter?

You can see from how varied the topics are that you have a lot of freedom when it comes to picking a topic . So how do you pick when the options are limitless?

How to Write a Stellar IB Extended Essay: 6 Essential Tips

Below are six key tips to keep in mind as you work on your Extended Essay for the IB DP. Follow these and you're sure to get an A!

#1: Write About Something You Enjoy

You can't expect to write a compelling essay if you're not a fan of the topic on which you're writing. For example, I just love British theatre and ended up writing my Extended Essay on a revolution in post-WWII British theatre. (Yes, I'm definitely a #TheatreNerd.)

I really encourage anyone who pursues an IB Diploma to take the Extended Essay seriously. I was fortunate enough to receive a full-tuition merit scholarship to USC's School of Dramatic Arts program. In my interview for the scholarship, I spoke passionately about my Extended Essay; thus, I genuinely think my Extended Essay helped me get my scholarship.

But how do you find a topic you're passionate about? Start by thinking about which classes you enjoy the most and why . Do you like math classes because you like to solve problems? Or do you enjoy English because you like to analyze literary texts?

Keep in mind that there's no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your Extended Essay topic. You're not more likely to get high marks because you're writing about science, just like you're not doomed to failure because you've chosen to tackle the social sciences. The quality of what you produce—not the field you choose to research within—will determine your grade.

Once you've figured out your category, you should brainstorm more specific topics by putting pen to paper . What was your favorite chapter you learned in that class? Was it astrophysics or mechanics? What did you like about that specific chapter? Is there something you want to learn more about? I recommend spending a few hours on this type of brainstorming.

One last note: if you're truly stumped on what to research, pick a topic that will help you in your future major or career . That way you can use your Extended Essay as a talking point in your college essays (and it will prepare you for your studies to come too!).

#2: Select a Topic That Is Neither Too Broad nor Too Narrow

There's a fine line between broad and narrow. You need to write about something specific, but not so specific that you can't write 4,000 words on it.

You can't write about WWII because that would be a book's worth of material. You also don't want to write about what type of soup prisoners of war received behind enemy lines, because you probably won’t be able to come up with 4,000 words of material about it. However, you could possibly write about how the conditions in German POW camps—and the rations provided—were directly affected by the Nazis' successes and failures on the front, including the use of captured factories and prison labor in Eastern Europe to increase production. WWII military history might be a little overdone, but you get my point.

If you're really stuck trying to pinpoint a not-too-broad-or-too-narrow topic, I suggest trying to brainstorm a topic that uses a comparison. Once you begin looking through the list of sample essays below, you'll notice that many use comparisons to formulate their main arguments.

I also used a comparison in my EE, contrasting Harold Pinter's Party Time with John Osborne's Look Back in Anger in order to show a transition in British theatre. Topics with comparisons of two to three plays, books, and so on tend to be the sweet spot. You can analyze each item and then compare them with one another after doing some in-depth analysis of each individually. The ways these items compare and contrast will end up forming the thesis of your essay!

When choosing a comparative topic, the key is that the comparison should be significant. I compared two plays to illustrate the transition in British theatre, but you could compare the ways different regional dialects affect people's job prospects or how different temperatures may or may not affect the mating patterns of lightning bugs. The point here is that comparisons not only help you limit your topic, but they also help you build your argument.

Comparisons are not the only way to get a grade-A EE, though. If after brainstorming, you pick a non-comparison-based topic and are still unsure whether your topic is too broad or narrow, spend about 30 minutes doing some basic research and see how much material is out there.

If there are more than 1,000 books, articles, or documentaries out there on that exact topic, it may be too broad. But if there are only two books that have any connection to your topic, it may be too narrow. If you're still unsure, ask your advisor—it's what they're there for! Speaking of advisors...

Don't get stuck with a narrow topic!

#3: Choose an Advisor Who Is Familiar With Your Topic

If you're not certain of who you would like to be your advisor, create a list of your top three choices. Next, write down the pros and cons of each possibility (I know this sounds tedious, but it really helps!).

For example, Mr. Green is my favorite teacher and we get along really well, but he teaches English. For my EE, I want to conduct an experiment that compares the efficiency of American electric cars with foreign electric cars.

I had Ms. White a year ago. She teaches physics and enjoyed having me in her class. Unlike Mr. Green, Ms. White could help me design my experiment.

Based on my topic and what I need from my advisor, Ms. White would be a better fit for me than would Mr. Green (even though I like him a lot).

The moral of my story is this: do not just ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor . They might be a hindrance to you if they teach another subject. For example, I would not recommend asking your biology teacher to guide you in writing an English literature-based EE.

There can, of course, be exceptions to this rule. If you have a teacher who's passionate and knowledgeable about your topic (as my English teacher was about my theatre topic), you could ask that instructor. Consider all your options before you do this. There was no theatre teacher at my high school, so I couldn't find a theatre-specific advisor, but I chose the next best thing.

Before you approach a teacher to serve as your advisor, check with your high school to see what requirements they have for this process. Some IB high schools require your IB Extended Essay advisor to sign an Agreement Form , for instance.

Make sure that you ask your IB coordinator whether there is any required paperwork to fill out. If your school needs a specific form signed, bring it with you when you ask your teacher to be your EE advisor.

#4: Pick an Advisor Who Will Push You to Be Your Best

Some teachers might just take on students because they have to and aren't very passionate about reading drafts, only giving you minimal feedback. Choose a teacher who will take the time to read several drafts of your essay and give you extensive notes. I would not have gotten my A without being pushed to make my Extended Essay draft better.

Ask a teacher that you have experience with through class or an extracurricular activity. Do not ask a teacher that you have absolutely no connection to. If a teacher already knows you, that means they already know your strengths and weaknesses, so they know what to look for, where you need to improve, and how to encourage your best work.

Also, don't forget that your supervisor's assessment is part of your overall EE score . If you're meeting with someone who pushes you to do better—and you actually take their advice—they'll have more impressive things to say about you than a supervisor who doesn't know you well and isn't heavily involved in your research process.

Be aware that the IB only allows advisors to make suggestions and give constructive criticism. Your teacher cannot actually help you write your EE. The IB recommends that the supervisor spends approximately two to three hours in total with the candidate discussing the EE.

#5: Make Sure Your Essay Has a Clear Structure and Flow

The IB likes structure. Your EE needs a clear introduction (which should be one to two double-spaced pages), research question/focus (i.e., what you're investigating), a body, and a conclusion (about one double-spaced page). An essay with unclear organization will be graded poorly.

The body of your EE should make up the bulk of the essay. It should be about eight to 18 pages long (again, depending on your topic). Your body can be split into multiple parts. For example, if you were doing a comparison, you might have one third of your body as Novel A Analysis, another third as Novel B Analysis, and the final third as your comparison of Novels A and B.

If you're conducting an experiment or analyzing data, such as in this EE , your EE body should have a clear structure that aligns with the scientific method ; you should state the research question, discuss your method, present the data, analyze the data, explain any uncertainties, and draw a conclusion and/or evaluate the success of the experiment.

#6: Start Writing Sooner Rather Than Later!

You will not be able to crank out a 4,000-word essay in just a week and get an A on it. You'll be reading many, many articles (and, depending on your topic, possibly books and plays as well!). As such, it's imperative that you start your research as soon as possible.

Each school has a slightly different deadline for the Extended Essay. Some schools want them as soon as November of your senior year; others will take them as late as February. Your school will tell you what your deadline is. If they haven't mentioned it by February of your junior year, ask your IB coordinator about it.

Some high schools will provide you with a timeline of when you need to come up with a topic, when you need to meet with your advisor, and when certain drafts are due. Not all schools do this. Ask your IB coordinator if you are unsure whether you are on a specific timeline.

Below is my recommended EE timeline. While it's earlier than most schools, it'll save you a ton of heartache (trust me, I remember how hard this process was!):

January/February of Junior Year: Come up with your final research topic (or at least your top three options).
February of Junior Year: Approach a teacher about being your EE advisor. If they decline, keep asking others until you find one. See my notes above on how to pick an EE advisor.
April/May of Junior Year: Submit an outline of your EE and a bibliography of potential research sources (I recommend at least seven to 10) to your EE advisor. Meet with your EE advisor to discuss your outline.
Summer Between Junior and Senior Year: Complete your first full draft over the summer between your junior and senior year. I know, I know—no one wants to work during the summer, but trust me—this will save you so much stress come fall when you are busy with college applications and other internal assessments for your IB classes. You will want to have this first full draft done because you will want to complete a couple of draft cycles as you likely won't be able to get everything you want to say into 4,000 articulate words on the first attempt. Try to get this first draft into the best possible shape so you don't have to work on too many revisions during the school year on top of your homework, college applications, and extracurriculars.
August/September of Senior Year: Turn in your first draft of your EE to your advisor and receive feedback. Work on incorporating their feedback into your essay. If they have a lot of suggestions for improvement, ask if they will read one more draft before the final draft.
September/October of Senior Year: Submit the second draft of your EE to your advisor (if necessary) and look at their feedback. Work on creating the best possible final draft.
November-February of Senior Year: Schedule your viva voce. Submit two copies of your final draft to your school to be sent off to the IB. You likely will not get your grade until after you graduate.

Remember that in the middle of these milestones, you'll need to schedule two other reflection sessions with your advisor . (Your teachers will actually take notes on these sessions on a form like this one , which then gets submitted to the IB.)

I recommend doing them when you get feedback on your drafts, but these meetings will ultimately be up to your supervisor. Just don't forget to do them!

The early bird DOES get the worm!

How Is the IB Extended Essay Graded?

Extended Essays are graded by examiners appointed by the IB on a scale of 0 to 34 . You'll be graded on five criteria, each with its own set of points. You can learn more about how EE scoring works by reading the IB guide to extended essays .

Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum)
Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum)
Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum)
Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum)
Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum)

How well you do on each of these criteria will determine the final letter grade you get for your EE. You must earn at least a D to be eligible to receive your IB Diploma.

Although each criterion has a point value, the IB explicitly states that graders are not converting point totals into grades; instead, they're using qualitative grade descriptors to determine the final grade of your Extended Essay . Grade descriptors are on pages 102-103 of this document .

Here's a rough estimate of how these different point values translate to letter grades based on previous scoring methods for the EE. This is just an estimate —you should read and understand the grade descriptors so you know exactly what the scorers are looking for.


30-34	Excellent: A
25-29	Good: B
17-24	Satisfactory: C
9-16	Mediocre: D
0-8	Elementary: E

Here is the breakdown of EE scores (from the May 2021 bulletin):


A	10.1%
B	24.4%
C	40.8%
D	22.5%
E	1.4%
N (No Grade Awarded)	0.7%

How Does the Extended Essay Grade Affect Your IB Diploma?

The Extended Essay grade is combined with your TOK (Theory of Knowledge) grade to determine how many points you get toward your IB Diploma.

To learn about Theory of Knowledge or how many points you need to receive an IB Diploma, read our complete guide to the IB program and our guide to the IB Diploma requirements .

This diagram shows how the two scores are combined to determine how many points you receive for your IB diploma (3 being the most, 0 being the least). In order to get your IB Diploma, you have to earn 24 points across both categories (the TOK and EE). The highest score anyone can earn is 45 points.

Let's say you get an A on your EE and a B on TOK. You will get 3 points toward your Diploma. As of 2014, a student who scores an E on either the extended essay or TOK essay will not be eligible to receive an IB Diploma .

Prior to the class of 2010, a Diploma candidate could receive a failing grade in either the Extended Essay or Theory of Knowledge and still be awarded a Diploma, but this is no longer true.

Figuring out how you're assessed can be a little tricky. Luckily, the IB breaks everything down here in this document . (The assessment information begins on page 219.)

40+ Sample Extended Essays for the IB Diploma Programme

In case you want a little more guidance on how to get an A on your EE, here are over 40 excellent (grade A) sample extended essays for your reading pleasure. Essays are grouped by IB subject.

Business Management 1
Chemistry 1
Chemistry 2
Chemistry 3
Chemistry 4
Chemistry 5
Chemistry 6
Chemistry 7
Computer Science 1
Economics 1
Design Technology 1
Design Technology 2
Environmental Systems and Societies 1
Geography 1
Geography 2
Geography 3
Geography 4
Geography 5
Geography 6
Literature and Performance 1
Mathematics 1
Mathematics 2
Mathematics 3
Mathematics 4
Mathematics 5
Philosophy 1
Philosophy 2
Philosophy 3
Philosophy 4
Philosophy 5
Psychology 1
Psychology 2
Psychology 3
Psychology 4
Psychology 5
Social and Cultural Anthropology 1
Social and Cultural Anthropology 2
Social and Cultural Anthropology 3
Sports, Exercise and Health Science 1
Sports, Exercise and Health Science 2
Visual Arts 1
Visual Arts 2
Visual Arts 3
Visual Arts 4
Visual Arts 5
World Religion 1
World Religion 2
World Religion 3

What's Next?

Trying to figure out what extracurriculars you should do? Learn more about participating in the Science Olympiad , starting a club , doing volunteer work , and joining Student Government .

Studying for the SAT? Check out our expert study guide to the SAT . Taking the SAT in a month or so? Learn how to cram effectively for this important test .

Not sure where you want to go to college? Read our guide to finding your target school . Also, determine your target SAT score or target ACT score .

Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download them for free now:

Trending Now

How to Get Into Harvard and the Ivy League

How to Get a Perfect 4.0 GPA

How to Write an Amazing College Essay

What Exactly Are Colleges Looking For?

ACT vs. SAT: Which Test Should You Take?

When should you take the SAT or ACT?

Get Your Free

Find Your Target SAT Score

Free Complete Official SAT Practice Tests

How to Get a Perfect SAT Score, by an Expert Full Scorer

Score 800 on SAT Math

Score 800 on SAT Reading and Writing

How to Improve Your Low SAT Score

Score 600 on SAT Math

Score 600 on SAT Reading and Writing

Find Your Target ACT Score

Complete Official Free ACT Practice Tests

How to Get a Perfect ACT Score, by a 36 Full Scorer

Get a 36 on ACT English

Get a 36 on ACT Math

Get a 36 on ACT Reading

Get a 36 on ACT Science

How to Improve Your Low ACT Score

Get a 24 on ACT English

Get a 24 on ACT Math

Get a 24 on ACT Reading

Get a 24 on ACT Science

Stay Informed

Get the latest articles and test prep tips!

As an SAT/ACT tutor, Dora has guided many students to test prep success. She loves watching students succeed and is committed to helping you get there. Dora received a full-tuition merit based scholarship to University of Southern California. She graduated magna cum laude and scored in the 99th percentile on the ACT. She is also passionate about acting, writing, and photography.

Ask a Question Below

Have any questions about this article or other topics? Ask below and we'll reply!

Open Access is an initiative that aims to make scientific research freely available to all. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. It’s based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression. As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world. How? By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers.

We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the world’s most-cited researchers. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too.

Brief introduction to this section that descibes Open Access especially from an IntechOpen perspective

Want to get in touch? Contact our London head office or media team here

Our team is growing all the time, so we’re always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing.

Home > Books > Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Selected Topics in Midwifery Care

Book metrics overview

13,965 Chapter Downloads

Impact of this book and its chapters

Total Chapter Downloads on intechopen.com

Total Chapter Views on intechopen.com

Overall attention for this book and its chapters

Total Chapter Citations

Book Citations

Academic Editor

University of Ljubljana , Slovenia

Published 08 February 2019

Doi 10.5772/intechopen.74444

ISBN 978-1-78985-534-0

Print ISBN 978-1-78985-533-3

eBook (PDF) ISBN 978-1-83962-033-1

Number of pages 136

Midwifery across the globe faces different issues. In some countries the autonomy of the profession is a tradition, while in some societies midwives struggle to practice autonomously the basic competencies. In one part of the world the medicalisation of childbirth is the main issue, preventing the natural processes of pregnancy and childbirth to flow at their own pace, while in other parts of the world midwives struggle with lack of resources to provide safe midwifery care. The authors of this book practice midwifery in different cultures and within different social contexts. They have to deal with different obstacles and seek solutions to diverse problems. With their contributions, they offer an insight into their thinking, their dilemmas, and the problems of midwifery practices in their countries. However, despite different backgrounds, they all have in common a uniform goal - a wish to offer women optimal midwifery care and to improve midwifery services.

By submitting the form you agree to IntechOpen using your personal information in order to fulfil your library recommendation. In line with our privacy policy we won’t share your details with any third parties and will discard any personal information provided immediately after the recommended institution details are received. For further information on how we protect and process your personal information, please refer to our privacy policy .

Cite this book

There are two ways to cite this book:

Edited Volume and chapters are indexed in

Table of contents.

By Thembelihle Sylvia Patience Ngxongo

By Johanna Mmabojalwa Mathibe-Neke and Seipati Suzan Masitenyane

By Ruth Mielke

By John Kuumuori Ganle and Ebenezer Krampah

By Julius Dohbit, Vetty Agala, Pamela Chinwa-Banda, Betty Anane- Fenin, Omosivie Maduka, Ufuoma Edewor, Ibimonye Porbeni, Fru Angwafo and Rosemary Ogu

By Sevde Aksu

IMPACT OF THIS BOOK AND ITS CHAPTERS

13,965 Total Chapter Downloads

3,944 Total Chapter Views

14 Crossref Citations

4 Web of Science Citations

39 Dimensions Citations

13 Altmetric Score

Order a print copy of this book

Hardcover | Printed Full Colour

Available on

Delivered by

£119 (ex. VAT)*

FREE SHIPPING WORLDWIDE

* Residents of European Union countries need to add a Book Value-Added Tax Rate based on their country of residence. Institutions and companies, registered as VAT taxable entities in their own EU member state, will not pay VAT by providing IntechOpen with their VAT registration number. This is made possible by the EU reverse charge method.

As an IntechOpen Author/Editor, you can buy this book for an Exclusive Author price with discounts from 30% to 50% on retail price.

For any assistance during ordering process, contact us at [email protected]

Related books

Sexology in midwifery.

Edited by Ana Polona Mivšek

Preterm Birth

Edited by John Morrison

Cesarean Delivery

Edited by Raed Salim

Ectopic Pregnancy

Edited by Michael Kamrava

Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes

Edited by Wei Wu

Multiple Pregnancy

Edited by Julio Elito Jr.

Edited by Hassan Abduljabbar

Maternal and Child Health

Edited by Miljana Z. Jovandaric

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Edited by Miroslav Radenkovic

Preeclampsia

Call for authors, submit your work to intechopen.

IntechOpen Author/Editor? To get your discount, log in .

Discounts available on purchase of multiple copies. View rates

Local taxes (VAT) are calculated in later steps, if applicable.

Support: [email protected]

Teesside University Student & Library Services
Subject LibGuides

Midwifery and Women's Health

Writing Assignments
Finding Books
Finding Journal Articles
How to Reference
Using Other Libraries on Placement
Reading Lists Online
Arithmetic for Drug Calculations This link opens in a new window
Structured Searching in CINAHL This link opens in a new window
Systematic Reviews This link opens in a new window

Help with writing assignments

You can improve your skills at writing assignments for your subject area in a number of ways:

We have a wide range of self-service online resources that will help you develop your writing and study skills and support your assignment work: Learning Hub Skills Guides.
We run workshops on academic writing, as well as on other types of writing (including critical writing and reflective writing). See Succeed@Tees workshops for more information, including a list of dates and times.

Online support for academic writing

We have a skills guide dedicated to academic writing , with an online tutorial and an Adobe visual guide to support you.

Skills guide with tutorial

Adobe visual guide

School Guidelines for Academic Writing and Presentation of Assessed Written Work

School of Health & Life Sciences Student Guidance for the Presentation of Assessed Written Work (2021)

Tutorials for academic writing and study skills support

Academic Writing and Study Skills Tutorials are available to all students. They are a confidential one-to-one or small group appointment with a member of the Library Team lasting up to 30 minutes. They are available in person on campus, via Teams and email.

In order to ensure that the students who need them most have access to a tutorial, we will support you to engage with our online services and drop-ins before we make you a tutorial appointment.

Requesting a tutorial

Tutorials are booked for you by our Learning and Skills Development Team. To request skills support email: [email protected]
Our Team will help you to define what support you need and will initially guide you through our online materials and encourage you to engage with our Study Skill Drop-ins
If after trying out this support for yourself, you would like further support you can email us again at [email protected] and we will make a tutorial appointment for you
We will refer you for up to three appointments per semester (1 appointment per assignment)
Appointments could be with a range of library staff so be aware that you may not see the same adviser at each one-to-one
Depending on demand there may be a waiting list for one-to-one appointments

What can a tutorial help you with? We can help you to develop your own independent study skills in many aspects of academic writing. This could be helping you to develop your own skills to:

- Understand your tutor’s feedback on a marked assignment and act upon that feedback for future assignments - Understand your School’s Assessment Criteria for an assignment - Improve your time management and plan for your assignment submission dates - Structure your assignment - Develop your critical thinking and writing - Develop your independent proof-reading skills and the skills for you assess that your work is of a quality appropriate for submission

You can bring your assignment plan or a piece of work with you as an example and we will use it to inform our advice on how to develop the independent skills that will improve your confidence and performance.

What tutorials are not able to help with and why

We cannot read your work ahead of a tutorial, however, you can bring a piece of work with you to your appointment for us to refer to in the session
As your work needs to be entirely your own, we will not check draft assignments for you in order to approve their quality before submission but we will support you to develop these skills for yourself
In order to protect your academic integrity we cannot proof-read your work for you i.e. check the content, structure, spelling or grammar, but we will help you to develop the valuable skills to successfully proof read your own work
<< Previous: How to Reference
Next: Using Other Libraries on Placement >>
Last Updated: Aug 16, 2024 3:04 PM
URL: https://libguides.tees.ac.uk/midwifery

Want to create or adapt books like this? Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices.

7 Midwifery Matters

Mary Renfrew, BSc, RN, RM, PhD, FRSE

This chapter will focus on the contribution that midwifery can make to the health and care of childbearing women, newborn infants , and families worldwide. It describes and defines midwifery, and summarizes the evidence on the impact of midwifery on survival, health and well-being. It identifies current data on important health outcomes, and presents a framework for understanding the different dimensions of the quality care that health systems should provide. The chapter also will examine why, when midwifery has been shown to be so fundamentally important, it is not already fully implemented in every country. Current global developments and challenges are outlined, and the need for strong advocacy for the development of midwifery is described. The chapter draws in large part on evidence published in The Lancet Series on Midwifery (1–4) and on a key WHO report. (5) More detail can be found in those documents.

3.1 Introduction

Midwifery matters for all childbearing women, their babies, and their families, wherever they live in the world, and whatever their circumstances. Evidence shows that skilled, knowledgeable and compassionate midwifery care reduces maternal and newborn mortality and stillbirths, keeps mothers and babies safe, and promotes health and well-being. (1,2) In so doing, midwifery has a positive impact on the wider health system, and the economic sustainability of communities and countries. (3,4)

Midwifery achieves this impact by providing care for women and babies – all women and babies, both with and without complications – across the continuum from pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, labour and birth, and in the early weeks after birth. Good quality midwifery care offers a combination of prevention and support, early identification and swift treatment or referral of complications, respectful and compassionate care for women and their families at a formative time in their lives. Midwives work to strengthen women’s own capabilities and the normal processes of pregnancy, birth, postpartum, and breastfeeding (Table 3-1).

Midwifery is an essential part of any health system, and work to reform health systems will be strengthened by the implementation of good quality midwifery. (6) Working in partnership with other care providers – doctors, nurses, community and public health workers – midwives help to ensure that the woman, her baby and her family receive the right care at the right time. Even in settings where there are no midwives, or where midwives’ scope of practice is limited, women and babies need midwifery care. In these settings, care should be provided by others – whether doctors, nurses, community health workers, or others – who have essential training in midwifery skills. It is likely to be necessary in such situations for healthcare staff to work together to ensure that women and babies receive the full scope of care that they need.

The international definition of the midwife is shown in Table 3-2, demonstrating that anyone holding the title ‘midwife’ should meet the internationally-agreed standards for education and competence in practice.

and the framework of the ICM ; who has acquired the requisite qualifications to be registered and/or legally licensed to practice midwifery and use the title ‘midwife’; and who demonstrates competency in the practice of midwifery.

3.2 Maternal and Newborn Health and Care: Current Trends

3.2.1 survival of childbearing people and newborns.

Although pregnancy and birth are often straightforward and joyous events, complications for the woman, fetus, and newborn do occur, and can result in disability or death if appropriate care is not provided swiftly. Despite the worldwide gains in reducing maternal mortality in recent years, levels of mortality and morbidity for women and infants remain unacceptably high in many parts of the world with poor quality care being a major contributing factor. As a consequence the rights of childbearing women and infants to health and to life are severely compromised. (8,9)

The statistics that follow demonstrate the scale of the challenge to reduce stillbirths and maternal and newborn mortality. Behind these numbers lie the stories of the deaths of women and babies, each of which is a tragedy with a lasting impact on the partner, other children, grandparents, wider family and community. While the majority of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, preventable deaths also happen in high-income countries.

3.2.2 Maternal Deaths

Although there has been a decline of over 40% in maternal deaths since 1990, an estimated 303,000 women still die each year as a result of complications of pregnancy and childbirth, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. (10) Excessive blood loss, high blood pressure and overwhelming infection are responsible for more than half of these deaths, most of which are preventable. (11)

3.2.3 Newborn Deaths

Around 2.7 million babies die in the first 28 days after birth, accounting for 45% of all under-five-year-old deaths. (12) Almost one million of these deaths occur on the day of birth. By the end of the first week of life a total of nearly two million babies will have died. Again, most of these deaths are preventable. More than 80% of all newborn deaths and stillbirths result from the complications of prematurity (being born too early), complications during labour and birth such as birth asphyxia , and neonatal infections. Evidence is available on ways to prevent or treat these conditions.

3.2.4 Stillbirths

An estimated 2.6 million third trimester stillbirths occurred worldwide in 2015. Stillbirth rates have declined more slowly since 2000 than either maternal mortality or mortality in children under five. (13) The loss to mothers and families is profound, and the long-lasting grief can be compounded by shame and even a sense of failure.

Did You Know?

Although the majority of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, preventable deaths also happen in high-income countries.According to 2011 data from the US National Center for Health Statistics, when compared to seventeen other industrialized countries, the United States experienced the highest neonatal mortality rate at 4.04 per 1000 births. (14) Comparing maternal mortality rates between industrialized countries with over 300,000 births/year, the USA had the second highest rate of mortality with 16.8 maternal deaths per 100,000 births. (14)

Gene Declercq, PhD, created Birth by the Numbers, and summarizes these statistics in this video: https://youtu.be/a_GeKoCjUQM

3.2.2 The Health and Well-being of Childbearing Women & Infants

Essential as it is that lives be saved, it is also important that the huge majority of women and infants who survive childbirth have the appropriate care and support to enable a healthy and happy start to life.

Around 138 million women and 136 million infants survive childbirth. Of these, it is estimated that around 20 million women will experience acute and/or chronic clinical or psychological morbidity, such as incontinence, pain, and mental health problems, which can have a lasting effect on not only maternal but also infant physical and psychological health and well-being. (15) Additional burdens may result in the event of ongoing health care costs or an inability to work or inability to care for family members. (16)

A contributing factor to clinical and psychological morbidity is inappropriate use of interventions in childbirth, such as routine episiotomy , unnecessary cesarean births, which require the additional intervention of anesthetic procedures, and routine use of supplementary fluids for breastfed infants. Some health care systems have developed in a manner that focuses primarily on the identification of risk and the use of technological interventions. In such systems, interventions that are beneficial for women or babies with complications can be used routinely, resulting in those without complications being exposed to unnecessary and potentially harmful interventions. For example, lives can be saved by a cesarean birth when it is needed, but provide no benefit and potential harm to those who do not. The dangers of technological solutions becoming a key goal of the system, is demonstrated by the high rates of cesarean births in low- and middle-income countries, including Brazil (52% in 2010 (17)) and China (54-64% in 2008-2010 (18)), as well as by the high rate in the USA (32.8% in 2012). The consequence of a technology and intervention based approach is that the needs of pregnant women babies and families are not met and the opportunity to provide high-quality care is missed. There is also increasing concern about the sustainability of over-medicalized health systems.

A contributing factor to clinical and psychological morbidity is the inappropriate use of interventions in childbirth, such as routine episiotomy (a surgical incision of the perineum), unnecessary caesarean sections together with the necessary anesthetic procedures, and routine use of supplementary fluids for breastfed infants. Some health systems have developed to focus primarily on the identification of risk and the use of technological interventions. In such systems, interventions that are beneficial for some women and babies with complications can be used routinely, resulting in women and babies being exposed to the risk of potentially harmful interventions. It is not hard to understand that low- and middle-income countries looking for models of care to implement might be influenced by the apparent benefits of technological solutions. Lives can so obviously be saved by a caesarean section when it is needed. The dangers of technological solutions becoming the key goal of the system, however, are demonstrated by the escalating rates of caesarean section in Brazil (52% caesarean section rate in 2010 (17)) and China (54-64% caesarean section rate in 2008-2010 (18)), and by the escalating rates of interventions in the US. The consequence is that the needs of women, babies and families are not met and the opportunity to provide high quality care is missed, and there is increasing concern about the sustainability of over-medicalized health systems.

3.2.3 Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding makes a fundamentally important contribution to the health of the newborn and its development, as well as to the mother’s own health. (19) Breastfeeding rates are low in many countries, however. Despite the global recommendation that all babies should be exclusively breastfed until six months of age, the rate in low- and middle-income countries is only 37%. (19) Rates are even lower in high-income countries. (19) Breastfeeding rates, in common with many other indicators of health and well-being, are related to social inequalities.

External Link

The Lancet Series created a map of the global distribution of breastfeeding at 12 months, which you can view here: http://www.thelancet.com/cms/attachment/2062646895/2065058658/gr1_lrg.jpg

A baby’s chances of being breastfed are affected by broad socio-economic and cultural trends; increasing urbanization, the marketing and availability of breastmilk substitutes, intergenerational patterns of feeding, and increasing employment rates for women in the absence of workplace and social support for breastfeeding, all have an influence. (20,21) The care and support that women receive from the health system can make a difference and can improve rates of breastfeeding. (22) This can include individual support by midwives and other health professionals, and by working to systematically remove harmful practices, such as routine supplementation with breast milk substitutes, limiting breastfeeding, and separating mothers and babies in hospital and community settings. The global effort mobilized under the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI), also known as the Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI), was launched in 1991 by the World Health Organization (23) and UNICEF (24) with the aim of implementing practices that promote and support breastfeeding in all facilities providing maternity care and of removing harmful practices. There is an accredited programme that a maternity facility can take to support successful breastfeeding and be designated as baby-friendly. (24) The initiative has had a proven impact in increasing the likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life. One such example is Cuba, where 49 of the country’s 56 hospitals and maternity facilities have received the Baby-Friendly designation. Between 1990 and 1996 the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at four months of age nearly tripled from 25% to 72%. (24)

3.2.4 Longer Term Impact of Pregnancy & Birth

Birth is a very important stage in the journey of a child’s life, but what happens before and after birth will shape each child’s future. The first 1000 days of a child’s life – from conception to age two – are critical in the establishment of a foundation for longer-term health, development, and well-being. In that time, the child’s brain and nervous system are developing more rapidly than at any other time of life. The essential connections between physiology and psychology are being laid down; hormonal responses to stress and to both positive and negative feelings are learned.

In the early days, weeks and months of life the child will learn to form close and loving relationships, to develop confidence in his or her own abilities, to cope with adversity, and the essential skills of being a healthy and happy human being – or not, depending on the circumstances into which the child has been born. (25–27)

The short-term importance for the social and psychological well-being of mothers and their babies that results from receiving supportive high-quality care during pregnancy, birth and beyond is shown in newer research. However, there remains a paucity of longer-term population data on the social, emotional, developmental and mental health clinical outcomes. These longer-term outcomes are rarely measured or monitored, which places limits on our understanding of the impact of different systems of care. It is clear, however, that no matter the circumstances, the care and support provided through pregnancy, birth and postpartum plays an important role in the client’s ability to love and care for their child. (26)

While the importance of pregnancy, birth and beyond for the social and psychological well-being of babies and women is now better understood, population data on the prevalence of social, emotional, developmental and mental health outcomes is much harder to obtain than shorter-term clinical outcomes. These outcomes are rarely measured or monitored, which currently limits our understanding of the impact of different systems of care. What we do know, however, is that whatever the circumstances, the care and support of the mother through pregnancy, birth and after birth can play an important part in the mother’s ability to love and care for her child. (26)

Underlying some of these challenges is a disturbing problem of disrespect and even abuse of women and their partners/family members within the health care system. There are reports of being shouted at or scolded, abandoned when in need of care, being subject to discrimination, and having non-consented interventions. (28,29) Such treatment breaches professional standards and is a serious infringement of the human rights of childbearing women and their babies, and may stop women from seeking the care they need. These outcomes are not often measured, whether through routine data collection systems, or in specific surveys. Therefore, it is very difficult to know the prevalence of such incidents in different countries, and whether the situation is improving or worsening.

In summary, it is essential to know about the trends in key outcomes if students, practitioners and the profession of midwifery are to properly understand the needs of the clients, infants and families in their own and other settings. Comparing outcomes with other, similar settings, and monitoring changes across time is also important. As the Scottish physicist William Thomson Kelvin (1924-1907) said: “If you do not measure it, you cannot improve it.”

3.3 What do all Childbearing Women, Children and Families Need? How can Midwifery Contribute?

The challenges we have just described inevitably raise important questions, such as: How do we improve the current situation? How can we consistently provide the compassionate, respectful care for women, babies and families that is so important at this vulnerable and formative time? How do we keep women and babies safe from harm? How should resources best be spent – on large hospitals, or on community services? How do we provide the right level of interventions such that they are available when needed but not overused? How do we make sure we reach all women and babies, and ensure that the most vulnerable are not excluded from access to good quality services? Who are the best caregivers for childbearing clients and newborn infants – midwives, obstetricians, nurses, or community health workers?

These are just some of the questions that health planners and health professionals must answer when planning services, deciding how to allocate resources, and managing the education of health professionals. These questions are fundamentally important, and sometimes contentious. People often have different opinions, and may argue that funds should be invested in one aspect over another. For instance, some may champion the needs of women, while others may focus on ill babies.

Evidence is essential to answer questions, but sometimes the evidence is not available in the form that we need, or not available at all. There are many randomized trials of treatments of complications, for example, but there are far fewer studies on how to prevent those complications happening in the first place. Very few studies have attempted to examine all the different aspects of quality needed to meet the needs of women and babies.

3.3.1 Quality Care for Women, Babies & Families – The Evidence-informed Framework

These questions were considered as part of the work of the global collaboration that developed The Lancet Series on Midwifery, the most far-reaching and high profile analysis of midwifery to date. (1–4) This work has been warmly welcomed by the international health care community, and is being used by national and global organizations to inform new strategic developments.

The Lancet Series on Midwifery was developed collaboratively by an international, multidisciplinary group that included the input of researchers, advocates for women and children, clinicians from a range of disciplines, and policy-makers.

External Links

The Lancet Series on Midwifery has created the following YouTube videos to summarize the series and describe the framework for quality maternal and newborn care (QMNC): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JjJ2zpgbF9A https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_s1TIt05Ycc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwdqjpPqzVk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2pfskj_xbGE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiXvtddT7r4

International responses to the series include this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RY-FBPjU9Vk

Early in the process, it was recognized that to examine the impact of midwifery, it needed to be measured against a gold standard quality of care, but that one did not exist. Previous studies had not examined all the evidence needed and had not conducted analyses in ways that could best answer some of the key questions. The authors of the Lancet Series on Midwifery had to start by agreeing to a set of core principles to guide the new analyses (Table 3-3).

The authors then combined different kinds of evidence – reviews of women’s own views and experiences, reviews of randomized controlled trials, and case studies – to identify all the elements needed by childbearing women, babies and families, wherever they live. Using this evidence, they built a framework to explain what was needed.

The following content discusses the visual found here: http://www.thelancet.com/cms/attachment/2021722654/2041538459/gr2_lrg.jpg

It was originally published as Figure 2 in: Renfrew MJ, McFadden A, Bastos MH, Campbell J, Channon AA, Cheung NF, et al. Midwifery and quality care: Findings from a new evidence-informed framework for maternal and newborn care. Lancet. 2014;384(9948):1129–45.

First, the evidence showed that some practices were needed by all childbearing women and babies These are shown in the green boxes at the link above. They include three categories of practices:

Education, information, health promotion This category includes practices that predominantly enable women to make decisions and changes for themselves. Examples might include information about maternal nutrition, family planning services and breastfeeding promotion.
Assessment, screening, and care planning Examples in this category include planning for transfer to other services as needed, screening for sexually-transmitted diseases, diabetes, HIV, pre-eclampsia, assessing labour progress, and mental health problems.
Promotion of normal processes, prevention of complications Examples of practices in this category include prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, encouraging mobility in labour, clinical, emotional, and psychosocial care during uncomplicated labour and birth, immediate care of the newborn, skin-to-skin contact, and support for breastfeeding

The additional practices needed by women and babies with complications are shown in the orange boxes. These practices are important and can save lives and treat emergencies. The boxes are smaller than the previous ones not because they are less important, but to indicate that if good preventive and supportive care is in place, fewer women and babies should need these services. These additional services include:

First-line management of complications These practices include treatment of infections in pregnancy, anti-D administration in pregnancy for rhesus-negative women, external cephalic version for breech presentation, and basic and emergency obstetric and newborn care such as management of pre-eclampsia, postpartum iron deficiency anaemia, and postpartum haemorrhage.
Medical, obstetric and neonatal services to manage serious complications These practices include elective and emergency caesarean section, blood transfusion, care for women with multiple births and medical complications such as HIV and diabetes, and services for preterm, small for gestational age, and sick neonates.

There are additional practices needed for clients and babies with complications, which are important and can save lives and treat emergencies, but overall, fewer mothers and babies should need these services.

Next, the evidence showed that all childbearing women and babies – whether or not they have complications – need care to be organized to meet their needs (shown in purple). Maternal and newborn infant services need to be available, accessible, acceptable, and of good quality. (30) They need adequate resources, and for services to be provided by a competent workforce. Services must be integrated into the health system, work effectively across community and hospital services, and there must be continuity of care.

The evidence showed that care is more than what is done; how care is provided is just as important. The next category of the quality framework is about values (shown in blue). Women, babies and families need respectful care, good communication, and care that is tailored to their circumstances and needs – not a ‘one size fits all’ approach, or an approach that categorizes them into low- or high-risk. Women and families need good communication with the staff caring for them, and the staff must be aware of and understand the local circumstances in which they are living.

The next category is about the philosophy of care (shown in yellow). The evidence shows that women, babies and families need caregivers to work to strengthen their capabilities, not to undermine them by inappropriate interventions, or disempower them by over-medicalizing their care. Care should optimize women’s and babies’ own biological, psychological, social and cultural processes and not intervene too soon or unnecessarily.

Finally, the evidence shows that women and babies need care providers who combine clinical competence with interpersonal and cultural competence (shown in grey). Care providers need to work to their full capacity with a division of roles based on need, resources, and competencies. They also need to work in an environment where they themselves are supported within systems of professional education, regulation and employment.

This quality framework allows us to consider the contribution midwifery makes to care. It can be used to illustrate the scope of midwifery. It is clear from this chart that midwifery has vital contributions to make across all the dimensions of quality care, with the exception of the obstetric, neonatal and medical practices needed by women with complications (all except the rightmost orange box). Importantly, this evidence-informed framework demonstrates that women with complications still need midwifery care – it should not be withdrawn from them when medical care is provided. (1)

3.3.2 What Difference does Midwifery Make?

Using the evidence from over 450 Cochrane Reviews of effective care, The Lancet Series on Midwifery authors showed that if full scope midwifery is practiced, it can improve over 50 outcomes for women, babies, families and health services. These outcomes include saving lives, reducing harm, improving emotional well-being, mental health, and saving resources, as summarized in Table 3-4.

The extensive impact of midwifery has important implications. No matter how a health system is organized, whether mothers and babies are in hospital, in the community, or at home, and whether they have complications or not, all women and all babies need midwifery care to provide information and support, prevent complications, and respond swiftly when complications develop. The Lancet Series on Midwifery summarized the evidence like this;

These findings support a system-level shift, from fragmented maternal and newborn care focused on identification and treatment of pathology, to skilled care for all, with preventive and supportive care, and treatment of pathology when needed through interdisciplinary teamwork and integration across facility and community settings. Midwifery is pivotal to this approach. (1, p.1130)

Interdisciplinary working is essential to providing high quality care. All the services that women and babies might need must work together to ensure that they are available, and in a timely manner. Indeed, midwifery not only works to support women and prevent complications, but also provides a central role in helping women to access other services, such as referral for obstetric or neonatal care, mental health services, or community support services (Figure 3-1). In the absence of high quality midwifery care it is likely to be more difficult for women to understand and access the services they need. Midwifery is a fundamentally important component of the interdisciplinary team helping to meet the individual needs of each woman and baby and to access all the services they might need.

Evidence demonstrates that midwifery – the combination of supportive, preventive, respectful, and compassionate care with swift response when complications arise – has been shown to improve a range of important outcomes; in essence it keeps clients and babies safe, both physically and emotionally. (1)

3.4 Why is Midwifery not Universally Available?

The evidence-based framework that we have just reviewed has shown that there is a vital role for midwifery in meeting the needs of women, babies and families wherever they are in the world. So, why is it not universally valued and available to all? History provides some clues to why this is the case.

Health systems across the world developed in different ways and for different reasons. In some countries, there are no midwives and care is provided by a combination of less-skilled workers with doctors to carry out emergency procedures. In others, doctors carry out much of the work of midwives. In some countries, there is strong and universal midwifery care. Each system of care has different outcomes. For example, systems that rely heavily on doctors tend to have higher rates of unnecessary interventions – sometimes referred to as over-medicalization – which can result in avoidable harm to childbearing people and babies, is wasteful of resources and is likely to be unsustainable over the long term.

Another challenge is the disconnect between evidence, policy, and practice. The evidence supporting the positive impact of midwifery is clear, but this is not necessarily reflected in policy decisions at the national or international level. As a consequence, resource decisions and the provision of care correspond to factors other than evidence, and women, babies, and families are deprived of evidence-based solutions.

The root causes of the barriers to midwifery across the world were identified through literature reviews and by asking midwives about their experiences. (31) A summary of the identified interrelated factors appears in Figure 3-2. They found that socio-cultural, professional, and economic barriers combined to provide a hostile environment to midwifery in many countries. Low professional status and a low regard for midwifery resulted in difficult circumstances for midwives, and could lead to burn-out and distress. These factors were themselves set within the context of gender inequality. In many societies, not only were childbearing women subject to the low status accorded to all women but so too were the midwives, the majority of whom were women. This affected their working conditions and their relationships with interdisciplinary colleagues, and adversely affected their ability to provide evidence-based, high quality care.

New evidence about the positive contributions that midwifery can make to survival, health and well-being are prompting action by international agencies to promote midwifery. We are therefore at a crucial point in the evolution of the profession, globally; thoughtful, positive planning and co-ordination are needed to use this opportunity to gain the recognition and resources needed to scale-up the availability of high quality midwifery to make it accessible to all women and children, globally.

3.5 Midwifery in the Global Context

3.5.1 advocating for midwifery availability.

There are some key developments internationally that are helping to raise the profile of midwifery, and there is a new, growing awareness of its importance. These developments are about the health of mothers and children, and indeed, about health systems and economic development.

The following section discusses content found at the following links:

UN Sustainable Development Goals https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs

UN Every woman, every child http://www.everywomaneverychild.org

UN Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health 2015-2030 http://globalstrategy.everywomaneverychild.org

WHO and UNICEF 2014 Every newborn: an action-plan to end preventable deaths http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/127938/1/9789241507448_eng.pdf?ua=1

Central to planning at international and country levels over the coming years are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Agreed by the UN in 2015, these 17 goals will influence strategy and action in all countries until 2030. (32) At first sight, the most relevant goal is Goal 3: ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. But on closer consideration, midwifery can have an impact across most of the other goals: improved nutrition, gender equality and empowering women and girls, reducing inequality, and increasing inclusivity, resilience, and sustainability. These are all goals that midwifery can contribute to achieving.

The growing understanding of the contribution midwifery makes has resulted in a strong movement, internationally, to promote and support midwifery. Organizations such as the World Health Organization, United Nations Population Fund , the International Confederation of Midwives , the White Ribbon Alliance , and others, are collaborating to build a strong advocacy movement to tackle the barriers to universal provision of high quality midwifery care and to promote and support midwifery. (33)

This is an exciting time to be in the midwifery profession, as it is now being recognized as an important strategy to combat mortality, keep women and children safe, and contribute to sustaining health systems. It is an important profession, and your work in providing care and in advocating for women, children, and families will contribute to the growing global understanding that midwifery matters for all women and all children, in all countries.

3.6 Key Points Summary

Midwifery is essential, for all women, babies, and families, everywhere.
Midwives can play a critical role in promoting healthy practices for women and babies, from pre-pregnancy, through pregnancy to the first years of a baby’s life, but there are significant political, social, and economic challenges that have, thus far, prevented more widespread availability of high-quality midwifery care.
This is an important time for midwifery – there are key opportunities including several global developments that promote midwifery , or to which midwifery can positively contribute.
Renfrew MJ, McFadden A, Bastos MH, Campbell J, Channon AA, Cheung NF, et al. Midwifery and quality care: Findings from a new evidence-informed framework for maternal and newborn care. Lancet. 2014;384(9948):1129–45.
Homer CSE, Friberg IK, Dias MAB, Ten Hoope-Bender P, Sandall J, Speciale AM, et al. The projected effect of scaling up midwifery. The Lancet. 2014. p. 1146–57.
Van Lerberghe W, Matthews Z, Achadi E, Ancona C, Campbell J, Channon A, et al. Country experience with strengthening of health systems and deployment of midwives in countries with high maternal mortality. Lancet. 2014;384(9949):1215–25.
Ten Hoope-Bender P, De Bernis L, Campbell J, Downe S, Fauveau V, Fogstad H, et al. Improvement of maternal and newborn health through midwifery. Lancet. 2014;384(9949):1226–35.
Midwives’ Voices, Midwives’ Realities Report 2016 [Internet]. 2016. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250376/1/9789241510547-eng.pdf?ua=1
Davidson PM. The Impact of Research Assessments on Midwifery. Midwifery. 2015;31(12):1119–20.
International Confederation of Midwives Core Documents [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2015 May 1]. Available from: http://internationalmidwives.org/knowledge-area/icm-publications/icm-core-documents.html
Human Rights in Childbirth [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jul 26]. Available from: http://www.humanrightsinchildbirth.org/
A Rights-based Approach to Preventing Maternal Death and Injury [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jul 26]. Available from: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/MaternalMortality.aspx
Alkema L, Doris C, Hogan D, Zhang S, Moller A-B, Gemmill A. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group. Lancet. 2015;387(10017):462–74.
Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tun??alp ??zge, Moller AB, Daniels J, et al. Global causes of maternal death: A WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2014;2(6).
Neonatal Mortality [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jul 26]. Available from: http://www.who.int/gho/child_health/mortality/neonatal_text/en/
Lawn JE, Blencowe H, Waiswa P, Amouzou A, Mathers C, Hogan D, et al. Stillbirths: Rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030. Lancet. 2016;387(10018):587–603.
Weiler J. Birth by the Numbers: The Update [Internet]. 2014. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_GeKoCjUQM&feature=youtu.be&t=319
Koblinsky M, Chowdhury ME, Moran A, Ronsmans C. Maternal morbidity and disability and their consequences: Neglected agenda in maternal health. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2012. p. 124–30.
Storeng KT, Baggaley RF, Ganaba R, Ouattara F, Akoum MS, Filippi V. Paying the price: The cost and consequences of emergency obstetric care in Burkina Faso. Soc Sci Med. 2008;66(3):545–57.
Brasil Ministerio da Saude. As cesarianas no Brasil: situacao no ano de 2010, tendencias e perspectivas (Caesareans in Brazil: the situation in 2010, trends and perspectives). Brasilia; 2012.
Feng XL, Xu L, Guo Y, Ronsmans C. Factors influencing Rising Caesarean Section Rates in China between 1988 and 2008. Bull World Health Organ. 2012;90(1):30–9, 39A.
Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, França GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet. 2016. p. 475–90.
Rollins NC, Bhandari N, Hajeebhoy N, Horton S, Lutter CK, Martines JC, et al. Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices? Lancet. 2016;387(10017):491–504.
Baker J, Sanghvi T, Hajeebhoy N, Martin L, Lapping K. Using an evidence-based approach to design large-scale programs to improve infant and young child feeding. Food Nutr Bull. 2013;34(3 Suppl).
Mcfadden A, Gavine A, Renfrew MJ, Wade A, Buchanan P, Taylor JL, et al. Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017.
Baby-friendly Hospital Initative [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jul 26]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/bfhi/en/
UNICEF in Action: The Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative [Internet]. [cited 2017 Jul 26]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/programme/breastfeeding/baby.htm
Leadsom A, Field F, Burstow P, Lucas C. The 1001 Critical Days: The Importance of the Conception to Age Two Period [Internet]. Available from: http://www.wavetrust.org/sites/default/files/reports/1001 Critical Days – The Importance of the Conception to Age Two Period Refreshed_0.pdf
Entwistle FE. The Evidence and Rationale for the UNICEF UK Baby Frindly Initative Standards [Internet]. 2013. Available from: https://www.unicef.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2013/09/baby_friendly_evidence_rationale.pdf
Grille R. Parenting for a Peaceful World. Longueville Media; 2005.
Freedman LP, Kruk ME. Disrespect and abuse of women in childbirth: Challenging the global quality and accountability agendas. The Lancet. 2014. p. e42–4.
Bowser D, Hill K. Exploring Evidence for Disrespect and Abuse in Facility-Based Childbirth Report of a Landscape Analysis. Harvard Sch Public Heal Univ Res Co, LLC [Internet]. 2010;1–57. Available from: http://www.urc-chs.com/uploads/resourceFiles/Live/RespectfulCareatBirth9-20-101Final.pdf
Social Council UE and. CESCR General Comment No. 14: The Right to the Highest Attainable Standard of Health (Art. 12) [Internet]. United Nations; 2000. Available from: http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/4538838d0.pdf
Filby A, McConville F, Portela A. What prevents quality midwifery care? A systematic mapping of barriers in low and middle income countries from the provider perspective. PLoS One. 2016;11(5).
UN. Sustainable development goals [Internet]. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform. 2015 [cited 2017 Sep 19]. p. 1. Available from: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300
Renfrew M. Optimising the contribution of midwifery to preventing stillbirths and improving the overall quality of care: Co-ordinated global action needed. Midwifery. 2016;35:99–101.

Long descriptions

Figure 3-1.

A diagram listing the interdisciplinary services that midwifery can connect clients with: family planning services, physiotherapy, obstetric services, neonatal services, nutrition support services, medical services, domestic abuse services, welfare services, mental health services, pharmacy services, community support services. [ Return to Figure 3-1 ]

Figure 3-2.

A Venn diagram using 3 circles, arranged in a triangle (one circle at the top, two side-by-side below it). The circles are close enough that each circle overlaps with the other two, and all circles overlap in the middle.

The top circle is labeled ‘socio-cultural’, and contains the descriptions: care at birth low-skilled ‘women’s work’, lack of acceptance of midwifery, prejudice against transgressing gender roles, vulnerability to physical and sexual assault.

Moving down and to the right, the next circle is labeled ‘professional’ and contains the descriptions: lack of investment in education and regulation, weak professional autonomy, medical hierarchies prevent scope of practice.

Moving to the left, the third circle is labeled ‘economic’ and contains the descriptions: infrequent wages fail to meet basic living costs, lack of investment in safe accommodation.

Starting again from the top socio-cultural circle, it overlaps at the bottom right with the professional circle. In the overlap is the description: midwifery feminized, profession not valued.

The professional circle then also overlaps on its left side with the economic circle. In the overlap is the description: low professional status, lack of investment.

The economic circle then also overlaps at its top left with the socio-cultural circle. In the overlap is the description: gender penalty from low social status.

In the middle, all circles overlap, and it contains the description: moral distress, burn out, poor quality of care.[ Return to Figure 3-2 ]

Share This Book

Academic Support for Nursing Students

No notifications.

Disclaimer: This essay has been written by a student and not our expert nursing writers. View professional sample essays here.

View full disclaimer

Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this essay are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NursingAnswers.net. This essay should not be treated as an authoritative source of information when forming medical opinions as information may be inaccurate or out-of-date.

Higher Education and midwifery

Info: 3176 words (13 pages) Nursing Essay Published: 11th Feb 2020

Reference this

Tagged: education

Planned Dates

Action to be taken, materials needed, date achieved, what to do to achieve plan, taq 2- personal profile, practical skills, personal qualities, community involvement.

Our nursing and healthcare experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have, from simple essay plans, through to full nursing dissertations.

Bibliography

Second choice university of, kingston-midwifery, forth choice university of, greenwich-midwifery, fifth choice university of, middlesex-midwifery, becoming a midwife through the, nursing route, access to nursing, midwifery, and the health professions, (one year course), successfully completing the, access course that means a, degree in adult nursing can be, adult nursing can be taken in, kings college london, kingston,, hertfordshire, greenwich and, after completing the degree, you, can now register as a midwife, and begin working, the shortened degree programme, can be studied at kings college, london. kingston, hertfordshire,, greenwich and middlesex, return to education to study a, shortened midwifery degree, that last for 18 months. this, degree is only for registered, gain work experience as a, registered nurse, cite this work.

To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below:

Related Services

Nursing Essay Writing Service

Nursing Dissertation Service

Female student reading and using laptop to study

Reflective Writing Service

DMCA / Removal Request

If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on the NursingAnswers.net website then please:

Our academic writing and marking services can help you!

Marking Service
Samples of our Work
Full Service Portfolio

Related Lectures

Study for free with our range of nursing lectures!

Drug Classification
Emergency Care
Health Observation
Palliative Care
Professional Values

Illustration of a nurse writing a report

Write for Us

Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher in nursing or healthcare?

Study Resources

Free resources to assist you with your nursing studies!

APA Citation Tool
Example Nursing Essays
Example Nursing Assignments
Example Nursing Case Studies
Reflective Nursing Essays
Nursing Literature Reviews
Free Resources
Reflective Model Guides
Nursing and Healthcare Pay 2021

Providing you with information resources and the latest developments in midwifery.

MIDIRS Midwifery Digest
MIDIRS Digest Table of Contents
Claiming HMRC tax relief on your MIDIRS subscription
MIDIRS E-newsletter
#loveMIDIRS
Write for MIDIRS Midwifery Digest

Latest news

MIDIRS Monthly - Reflections on my journey from a registered midwife to a PhD midwifery researcher.
MIDIRS Opinion piece- Positive Induction experience
Then and now: Two days in the life of a MIDIRS Information Librarian
MIDIRS Monthly - My PHD Journey

Information resources to support your midwifery research, student studies and clinical research.

In this section

Maternity and Infant Care (MIC) database
MIDIRS Literature Searches
MIDIRS Back Issues
Article orders
Latest Research Update
Institutional access to MIDIRS resources
Maternity Reports and Resources
Bespoke searches
COVID-19 literature search packs

Find out how to start your midwifery journey and other useful information.

Student Support Hub
How to become a midwife in the UK
Worldwide maternity services
Research support
Preparing for your midwifery course
MIDIRS Monthly - Midwifery, a Masters and Multi-Chained viruses.

Contribute to MIDIRS Midwifery Digest by writing for us

Would you like to write for midirs midwifery digest .

MIDIRS is here to allow all midwives, student midwives, Maternity Support Workers (MSWs) or any health professional caring for women, babies and their families during pregnancy, birth and the postnatal period, worldwide, to share their knowledge and experiences to improve practice and outcomes. We are dedicated to helping you learn, grow and share from the start of your midwifery training all the way through your career.

We welcome original contributions from new, aspiring, or established writers, and our author guidelines will tell you everything you need to know about submitting your work to us.

Before you submit an article, please read the guidelines carefully. Unfortunately, we are unable to accept or review articles that do not adhere to the guidelines.

The Editor reserves the right to revise material or to return it to the author for amendments before accepting it for publication. We also reserve the right to amend material during production in accordance with house style and the demands of space and layout. Copyright of original articles published in MIDIRS belongs to MIDIRS.

For informal inquiries, questions or support with your submission please contact the MIDIRS Editor: Sara Webb at: [email protected] .

Find out more about writing original articles for MIDIRS Midwifery Digest below:

Advice on writing for MIDIRS

Listen to our very first podcast episode on writing for publication here . Read the transcript here .

A journal article should be written in a different style from that of an academic essay. Aim for a clear, readable and accessible style. If this is the first time you have submitted an article to a journal it may help to ask a colleague or tutor to read it.

As you write, ask yourself:

Is my article relevant to midwives, student midwives, Maternity Support Workers (MSWs) or any health professional caring for women during pregnancy, birth and the postnatal period?
Does my article say something new?
What question(s) am I trying to answer?
Have I answered the question(s) accurately?
Have I made clear what is personal opinion and what is evidence/research-based fact?
Does the article flow in a logical progression?
Could I improve it by rewriting or moving certain paragraphs?
Have I helped the reader through the article with regular (short) subheadings?
Is my language and level of argument appropriate for the broad readership?
Are all the references complete and correct?

Please check your writing carefully for accuracy and ambiguity. A final edit, prior to submission, is essential to check spelling and remove any unnecessary words or phrases. You may find it helpful to look at past issues of MIDIRS to get an idea of the journal’s overall style and focus. The editorial team reserves the right to edit any article. Your article will be sent to you to check in its final form shortly before publication.

For informal inquiries, questions or support with your submission please contact the MIDIRS Editor: Sara Webb at [email protected].

Download the advice on writing for MIDIRS here.

Article types

Advancing Clinical Practice - (Reflective Practice/ Work experience / Service evaluation / Clinical Governance & Safety)

We welcome contributions about clinical practice, such as reflection on practice, personal experiences, service evaluation and clinical governance/safety. We are particularly interested in current issues, new developments, controversial topics, and would like articles that share experiences to help others advance their practice and/or challenge clinical practice.

Guidelines - Advancing Clinical Practice

• Maximum of 2500 words including in-text references and the reference list. • 100-word summary of the article, positioned at the start of the paper. • Statement of permissions obtained if appropriate • Reference list positioned at the end – maximum of 20 references . • Maximum of three tables/illustrations

Research – Primary (audits / RCTs / Cohort studies) or Secondary (Literature reviews / Systematic reviews / Modified systematic reviews)

We welcome submissions on primary and secondary research. We are keen to encourage submissions from any research undertaken as part of a higher education course, such as a dissertation or essay. Occasionally, the larger pieces of work may need to be split into two related papers.

Research articles are a maximum 3500 words including in-text references, tables/figures and the reference list.

Guideline - Primary Research (audits / RCTs / Cohort studies)

• Abstract - 350 word maximum o Objective o Methods o Results o Conclusion • Main paper o Introduction State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results. o Methods A brief but clear outline of the methodology, making clear the study setting, the sample, the hypothesis (where relevant) and the reason for the chosen method. Please provide information of ethical approvals granted and particular ethical considerations in your study. Please provide details of funding, if appropriate. o Results Results should be clear and concise. Results/findings consistent with your chosen methodology. Tables and graphs may be used – maximum of three in total . o Discussion Relate your findings to focus their relevance to midwifery practice. Also include a brief statement of limitations of the research, and implications for practice and future research. o Conclusion A concise conclusion to include implications for future practice/research. • Statement of permissions obtained if appropriate. • Reference list - maximum of 25 references.

Guideline - Secondary Research (Literature reviews / Systematic reviews / Modified systematic reviews)

• Abstract - 350 word maximum o Objective o Methods o Results o Conclusion • Main paper o Introduction State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results. o Methods A brief but clear outline of the methodology, to include search strategy, inclusion/exclusion criteria, study selection, quality appraisal, reflexivity (if applicable), data extraction and analysis methods. Please provide details of funding, if appropriate. o Results/Findings Results should be clear and consistent with your chosen methodology. Tables and graphs may be used – maximum of three in total. o Discussion Relate your findings to focus their relevance to midwifery practice. Also include a brief statement of limitations of the research, and implications for practice and future research. o Conclusion A concise conclusion to include implications for future practice/research. • Statement of permissions obtained if appropriate. • Reference list - maximum of 25 references.

Viewpoint/Discussion pieces

We welcome shorter reflective pieces that will encourage reflection and discussion. These articles may be clinical, descriptive, narrative or reflective pieces. We are keen for pieces that look at historical practices and experiences and how they relate to current services/guidelines, or for comparison of clinical practices across countries.

Viewpoint/Discussion pieces are a maximum of 1000 words including in-text references and the reference list.

For inclusion with your submission: • 100-word summary of the article, positioned at the start of the paper. • Main body of article. Tables/illustrations can be included - maximum of three tables/illustrations in total • Statement of permissions obtained if appropriate. • Reference list - maximum of 25 references .

De-mystifying Research!

To encourage advancement, understanding and adoption of research into daily midwifery practice, MIDIRS welcome pieces that discuss and critique a particular published piece of research. These will help the reader gain a greater understanding of how to critique research, while also gaining knowledge about the specific research study being discussed.

We also request submission of ‘Research guides’ that explain research and statistic methodologies in an easy to understand format. These can be published in a series or as a one off piece.

Word count for these types of articles will be dependent on the content/topic.

Please contact MIDIRS Editor, Sara Webb to discuss if you are interested in publishing such work: [email protected] .

Guideline/Report reviews

We encourage reviews of local, national and international guidelines/reports that have implications directly or indirectly for midwives. Such commentaries will help our readers to understand what reports mean for midwifery practice and to place report recommendations into context.

Download the article types here.

Submission guidelines for MIDIRS

Author information: you will need to provide the following information:

Submitting Author • Preferred title • Name • Role • Workplace • Contact author email(This is usually the submitting author) • Twitter or Instagram handle (if applicable).

Co-Author(s) • Preferred title • Name • Role • Workplace

Main body article as described in the types of article, adhering to the following house style:

• Font and formatting: o Use Arial font, size 12. o Use 1.5 line spacing. o Headings and sub-headings in bold, further sub-headings in italic. o If you have included boxes of writing (possibly as extras or illustrative comments), please ensure these appear as text within the article (with borders, if you wish) rather than as separate items; this is to ensure they are easily accessible for our editorial team, but also so that the text is included in the word count. o When using abbreviations or acronyms in the text, always show the term or the name of the organisation in full the first time it is used in the text. For example: lower segment caesarean section (LSCS); National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Thereafter, just use the abbreviation, ‘LSCS’, ‘NICE’ etc.

• References: o The chosen style for citing references is Harvard. Using this style, authors are named in the text with the publication year of their work shown in brackets after their name(s). o All references, regardless of the format they take, (whether they are journal articles, books, book chapters etc) should be listed alphabetically at the end of your paper. o Use authors’ initials as they appear in the article/publication but do not leave spaces between them. For foreign names, refer to Medline for the correct citation style. o Do not use commas between author names and initials in the reference list: Duff E (2003) not Duff, E (2003). o When referencing papers with different number of authors:

When referencing papers with different number of authors:

One author:

In the text: In a study by Duff (2003) it was concluded that…

In the reference list : Duff E (2003). Millennium development goals: where are the goalkeepers? MIDIRS Midwifery Digest 13(3):319-20.

Two authors:

In the text: When citing two authors, names should be linked by “&”: In a study by Hey & Hurst (2003) it was concluded that…

In the reference list: Hey M, Hurst K (2003). Antenatal screening: why do women refuse? RCM Midwives Journal 6(5):216-20.

Three authors or more:

In the text: Show the name of the first author only, and follow this by the phrase ‘et al’. Thompson et al (1997) conclude that…

In the reference list: All the authors names are included in the reference list.

The source (book, journal) should be shown in italics.
Journal titles should be shown in full, eg Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.

• Tables and graphs A maximum of three tables and/or graphs are allowed for all types of article. Each one is equivalent to 200 words so please remember this and include these into your total word count: eg, One table or graph = 250 words, one table and one graph/ two tables = 500 words, etc.

• Images We welcome the addition of illustrations as they enhance articles. Please ensure that pictures, photos, diagrams, etc. are sent as VERY HIGH RESOLUTION jpegs or pdf attachments in addition to showing their placement in the article. Please clearly indicate in the text where the images are to be placed. Please ensure that the APPROPRIATE PERMISSIONS ARE OBTAINED and these are clearly stated next to the image.

• Illustrations Please provide good quality photographs (high res jpegs at a size of 1MB), diagrams or illustrations to go with your article. If you want to use or adapt illustrations from another source, it is your responsibility to obtain written permission to reproduce the material and to credit it accordingly. Photographs need the permission of both the photographer and all subjects within the pictures. Please submit all photos, diagrams and other illustrations as high res jpegs or pdfs separately, clearly highlighting where in the article it should go.

Confidentiality

Please be aware of issues of confidentiality. You may require permission from individuals/institutions discussed in your article. We reserve the right to anonymise where appropriate before publication.

All material is accepted for publication as an original article on the understanding that it has not been published before and is not due for publication elsewhere. The copyright of all material accepted for publication lies with the Publisher, MIDIRS. Whilst welcoming all contributions MIDIRS does not offer payment for unsolicited articles.

Promotion of products or services

We cannot include references to private companies, products or services. If you are writing as owner or employee of a company, brand names etc. will be changed to be more generic. Where a further resources section is included, this is designed to provide sources of information to the reader, not to list or promote products, companies or even particular books. Charities can appear, at our discretion, within the further resources, but only alongside a variety of alternatives, usually based in the NHS or equivalent.

Download the submission guidelines for MIDIRS here.

Tips for making your article come to life

We recently supported the Bangladesh Midwifery Society on how to write for an academic publication.

Listen to the our very first podcast episode on writing for publication here .

Copyright information about sharing your MIDIRS Digest article

In order for you to share your publication please see below:

1. Academic institute repository

MIDIRS publications can be deposited in your academic library repository after a three-month embargo period from the date of publication. Your institute librarian can email us to request this deposit: [email protected]

2. Personal/organisational sharing

Immediate sharing – front page

Upload an image of the front page of your article on a website/social media together with a link to the MIDIRS Midwifery Digest page on our website.

T hree-month embargo – full article

If you wish to share the full article this is subject to a three-month embargo from the date of publication. Please attach the following link statement: MIDIRS retains the copyright of this article

Download the copyright information about sharing your MIDIRS Digest article.

Article Submission

The IB Extended Essay: Topic ideas and research Questions

Details of the EE
Topic ideas and research Questions
Subject Guides & documents you need
Writing a research paper
Check the list of available subjects here
Read the IB's criteria for your subject
Read an exemplar essay in your subject
Decide on a topic within this subject
This means you will need to do some research!
During the first meeting with your advisor, discuss the research you've done, your ideas, and the requirements for your subject.
Your revised research question proposal is due May 16.

Adapted from O'Farrell, Finbar. Approach your assessment the IB Way: Extended Essay. pg. 13

Examples of marked EEs in all subjects

From the IB website Have a look at the specific subject you plan on writing your EE for a marked example. You will be able to identify what you need to be successful.

Design Technology

Guide on writing an EE in DT The pdf explains everything clearly and is full of ideas and topics to write about.

Question: Has the introduction of new materials improved the performance of modern racing bicycles?

Question: What are the most ethical and efficient methods--through current technologies--private organizations can use to make Mars habitable for Human life?

History or Geography

Question : In what ways did the Cold War impact American public education? Question: To what extent have Maori non-violent struggles for their land been effective? Question: How could the UN intervention in the Rwandan genocide be justified? Question :Is it politically possible for the US government to win the drugs war? (Politics)

Question: How are the depictions of Marie Antoinette in politics and portraiture significant to the French revolution and the fall of the French Monarchy?

Question: To what extent was film able to further pro-Nazi sentiment in Germany during the early 1930s to mid 1940s?

Question: To what extent were the Vietnam War and cultural shifts occurring in the 1960s and early 1970s vital factors in the development of the student activism on college campuses in the United States and abroad?

Question: To what extent was Matthew Perry’s 1853 arrival in Edo Bay the leading motivator for Japan’s rapid modernization during the Meiji Restoration?

Question: What made the Federal Theatre Project such a success when after only four years of operation it was disbanded by the House of un-American Activities Committee?

Question: To what extent were Kepler’s scientific discoveries revolutionary and how did they impact the development of science in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries?

Question: In what ways did the Hitler Youth organization impact the youth of Nazi Germany?

Question: How did the works of classical Greek philosophers influence the domestic policy of Thomas Jefferson?

Question: How did the Bushido Code influence the meaning of tattoos in Asian culture?

Question: In what way did the Catholic Church affect politics in the Kingdom of Spain during the Dark Ages?

Question: What are the impacts of melting ice in the North and South Poles on the coastlines of the continental United States?

English EEs - ideas for Language and Literature

The EE Guide says the following on p 112 (EE Guide 2018, revised Jan 2017) - remember EACH subject has their own EE guides too.

Quote The EE may relate to work students have already completed during the course, but they must also demonstrate relevant wider reading and individual study. It is the responsibility of the student to ensure that the topic of their EE does not overlap with any other work they are preparing for assessment in language A—for example, the written assignment in the literature course, or the written task in the language and literature course.

Question: How did Eugene Gladstone O'Neill express the themes of family relationship and sadness in his work Long Day's Journey Into Night?

Question: How does the writing of Japanese horror artist and novelist Junji Ito contrast with the writing of American horror novelist Stephen King?

Question: How do the final movies of the Harry Potter series compare to the final book? What has been changed or depicted differently in terms of characterization and storylines?

Sport Science

Question: How does age affect the process of instant muscle reaction?

Economics or ITGS

Question: What impact does public healthcare have on low income households in the United States compared to those in Canada?

Question: To what extent has deforestation influenced Indonesia's economic and environmental growth?

Physics, Chemistry or Biology Ideas

Question: How have climate change and forestry practices contributed to the spread of the mountain pine beetle in the Pacific Northwest in recent decades, and what does the outbreak show us about the ecological intricacies of climate change?

Question: What evidence is there to support the theory of life on Mars?

Question: How does the DNA sequence of a transthyretin (TTR) gene affect whether Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy (FAP), Familial Amyloidotic Cardiomyopathy (FAC) or Senile Systemic Amyloidosis (SSA) form?

Arts - Visual/Performing

Question : What female stereotypes did Brecht employ in his plays, and how can these be compared and contrasted in performance, based on an analysis of a selection of Brecht's plays? Question : Picasso: individual genius or cultural thief?

Question: How does Rachmaninoff apply thematic development in his composition, Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini ?

Question: How do the Peanuts comics, written by Charles Schultz, show visual language?

Question: How did the casting of the leading lady in Cole Porter's Anything Goes affect each production on Broadway?

<< Previous: Details of the EE
Next: Subject Guides & documents you need >>
Last Updated: Apr 25, 2024 7:30 AM
URL: https://disdubai.libguides.com/c.php?g=923128

Introduction to Academic Resources
How to run your search
Finding Books
Finding Journal Articles
Finding policy papers and other evidence sources
Evaluating Health Sources
Keeping track of your sources

Support with your academic writing

Research resources
Academic Skills See the Academic Skills site for videos, podcasts and other resources to help you with your academic writing, presentation skills and other study skills. You can also book an appointment here to discuss your work with an Academic Skills Advisor.
Academic Phrasebank Explore University of Manchester's Academic Phrasebank for suggestions to link your ideas together, describe common academic concepts and alternative phrases to give your writing added variety.

Copyright legislation protects creative ideas and publications and affects us all. There are though several exceptions to copyright law in the UK which apply to information used for educational purposes. These are known as fair dealing and are set out in the Copyright at UWS guide:

Private study exception - allows individual students to copy extracts from material for their own reference purposes:

One article from any one issue of a journal.
One chapter or up to 5% (whichever is greater) of a book.
One poem or short story of up to 10 pages from an anthology.

Non-commercial research exception

One legal case report allows individual researchers to copy extracts from material for their own reference purposes.

Quotation, criticism or review – allows students, researchers and staff to quote short extracts from copyrighted works in essays, reviews and journal articles.

A single extract of no more than 400 words.
A series of extracts of no more than a total of 800 words, with no single extract exceeding 300 words.

Creating accessible copies for disabled users – allows individuals to copy work in accessible formats (i.e. adapting work into braille or adding subtitles):

Personal copies of entire documents may be made provided for disabled learners as long as a copy of the document is owned by the institution, the author of the work is acknowledged and a statement is included that the copies are made under Section 31B of the CDPA.

Library Guide Copyright at UWS

Referencing is the method we use to acknowledge the work of other authors.

It serves three principal aims:

To support your arguments with evidence. Referencing demonstrates that your own arguments are grounded in a body of existing research and have been developed through an examination of the relevant literature.
Referencing is an important means by which we credit other authors for any ideas, arguments, quotations, and other forms of intellectual property which are not your own. Not providing an acknowledgement for the work of others is considered plagiarism (note that plagiarism can be both intentional and unintentional). You must always provide a citation when you use another author's intellectual ideas, whether you are paraphrasing (putting it into your own words), summarising, or directly quoting from the source.
Referencing shows the reader where they can access the original sources you have used (the evidence) to verify or fact check. It also helps the reader to carry out additional research of their own.
Referencing at UWS See our local Referencing at UWS guide for a brief introduction to adding in-text citations, creating references and using the Cite Them Right Online website.
Cite Them Right Online Login to Cite Them Right Online, access the Tutorial to learn about referencing, quiz yourself on your knowledge, explore multiple referencing examples and use the 'you try' feature to generate accurate references for your sources. more... less... Login with your university email and password.
<< Previous: Keeping track of your sources
Next: Research resources >>
Last Updated: Aug 23, 2024 5:18 PM
URL: https://uws-uk.libguides.com/Midwifery

Band 7+: Nowadays shops have extended opening hours almost every day of the week in many countries. Is it a positive or negative development for shoppers and local community?

In recent years, shops in many countries have been extending their opening hours to almost every day of the week. I believe this trend is a positive one, as it offers benefits to both shoppers and the local community.

Firstly, extending opening hours brings many advantages for shoppers, one of which is increased flexibility. With more flexible hours, shop owners and employees can adapt their working times to better fit their personal schedules. Moreover, extended hours are particularly useful for individuals who study in the mornings. For example, students who attend classes during the day can take up part-time jobs in shops during the evening or night, thanks to the longer operating hours. This flexibility not only accommodates diverse lifestyles but also creates additional employment opportunities for those with daytime commitments.

Secondly, extending opening hours is beneficial for the local community. In many countries, people often prefer to go shopping in the evening or late at night, making these extended hours particularly advantageous. Additionally, for those who watch football matches at home, the extended hours allow them to easily purchase snacks and fizzy drinks anytime before the match.

In conclusion, extending opening hours every day of the week brings clear benefits to both shoppers and the local community

Check Your Own Essay On This Topic?

Generate a band-9 sample with your idea, overall band score, task response, coherence & cohesion, lexical resource, grammatical range & accuracy, essays on the same topic:, nowadays shops have extended opening hours almost every day of the week in many countries. is it a positive or negative development for shoppers and local community.

The proliferation of extended shopping hours in numerous countries has undeniably reshaped consumer habits and exerted a profound influence on local communities. While this trend affords undeniable advantages in terms of convenience and economic stimulation, it is imperative to consider the potential drawbacks associated with it. Undoubtedly, elongated store opening times offer unparalleled flexibility for […]

Over the last few decades, it has become increasingly normalized to come across extended opening hours in shops and virtual everyday life in many parts of the world. While this trend may appear beneficial when it comes to convenience for customers, I believe that we should also take some potential drawbacks into account, like loss […]

Some people believe that children should be made disciplined by making them obey rules and do what their parents and teachers want them to do. Others, however, believe that those children who are controlled are not well-prepared to tackle the challenges life brings to them. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

First society think that it is very important for children’s to maintain discipline and follow rules strictly. Second society consider that those children’s who follow rule and always in discipline they are not able to fight against life challenges. I will discuss both the view and give my opinion with relevent examples and conclusion in […]

Drog abuse is common in many countries these days, what problems can it cause and what possible solutions do you consider to be effective?

In recent years, drug abuse is becoming prevalent in many countries. While this problem has various effects on the people and society, several solutions can be brought up to reduce drug abuse and its side effects. Drug addiction of any family member may threaten the foundation of the family. The drug abuse impacts the behavior […]

Some people think government should ban dangerous sports,such as skydiving and rock climbing.Do you agree or disagree?

It is irrefutable that, sports has become integral part in the life of youngones. It is being observed that, a chunk of individuals opine that, Authorities should ban adventure sports games like skydiving and rock clumbing. In the personal contention, I greatly disagree with this given notion. This essay intends to shedlight both reasons in […]

People nowadays tend to have children at older ages. Why? Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

Most people from developed countries believe that a raise in career and earning money is the most significant factor in their lives rather than having children. Therefore, young mothers prefer giving birth at the age of 35 or even older, and fathers are trying to create ideal conditions to have babies. In my opinion, the […]

Plans & Pricing

IB English A Extended Essay Topics

Hello IB scholars! As someone deeply immersed in the International Baccalaureate (IB) curriculum for years, I’ve mastered the challenging IB DP English A course . Today, I’m excited to share my insights into writing an outstanding English A extended essay. This assignment, a cornerstone of the IB diploma, requires creativity, critical thinking, and a strategic approach. Today, I will give you some ideas for English A extended essay topics.

Understanding the English A Extended Essay

First, it’s important to understand what makes the English A Extended Essay different. This 4,000-word research project offers you a unique opportunity to investigate a literary topic of personal interest. In line with general IB criteria, your essay should demonstrate a comprehensive analysis, deep understanding, and critical approach to your chosen literary works. Remember, your passion for the topic will be the light that guides your research.

The English A extended essay stands as a formidable component of the IB Diploma Programme, offering students an unmatched opportunity to dig into literary topics that ignite their intellectual curiosity. According to the general IB criteria, this assignment requires a comprehensive analysis, a deep understanding, and a critical approach to your selected literary works. It’s a unique platform where your passion fuels your research and enlightens your pathway with insights. Now, let’s highlight a few important points:

Choose a topic that resonates with you. Your engagement with the subject matter can significantly influence your essay’s depth of inquiry and the quality of analysis.
It’s imperative not just to describe or summarize the literary works but to engage with them critically. Analyze themes, characters, narrative techniques, and the socio-cultural context to offer insightful perspectives.
The IB values original thought and novel analysis. Approach your topic from unique angles that reflect your creativity and intellectual independence.
A high-quality extended essay is underpinned by thorough and effective research. Demonstrate your ability to source relevant information, evaluate its credibility, and integrate it coherently into your argument.
A well-organized essay with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion enhances readability and demonstrates your ability to present complex ideas logically.

Moreover, the reflection sessions, part of the extended essay process, are invaluable. They offer you a chance to pause, assess your progress, and refine your thoughts with your supervisor’s guidance.

Need help deciding between English A and English B ? Our detailed comparison will guide you through the essential differences.

English A Extended Essay Topics and Research Questions

Here are topic ideas, along with research questions, that can spark the curiosity of any IB student passionate about English literature. Each topic is written to inspire and provoke deep analytical thought, drawing on various texts and literary forms:

The Evolution of the Tragic Hero in Shakespearean Drama . How has the tragic hero’s character evolved across Shakespeare’s works from “Hamlet” to “Macbeth”?
The Role of Setting in Creating Atmospheric Tension in Gothic Novels . How does the setting contribute to the development of atmospheric tension in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” and Bram Stoker’s “Dracula”?
Feminism in Early 20th Century Literature . In what ways do the novels of Virginia Woolf and D.H. Lawrence reflect feminist ideas of their time?
The Depiction of War in Postmodern Literature . How do postmodern novels depict the concept and consequences of war differently than modernist literature?
The Influence of Culture on Magical Realism in Latin American Literature . How is magical realism influenced by Latin American cultural elements in the works of Gabriel García Márquez and Isabel Allende?
Comparative Analysis of Heroism in Classic vs. Modern Epic Tales . How does the portrayal of heroism in Homer’s “Odyssey” compare to that in J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Lord of the Rings”?
Narrative Techniques in Stream of Consciousness Writing . What narrative techniques are employed in the stream-of-consciousness writing of James Joyce’s “Ulysses” and Virginia Woolf’s “Mrs. Dalloway,” and how do they affect the reader’s understanding of the characters?
The Role of Nature in Romantic Poetry . How do William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge use nature as a motif in their poetry, and what does it signify about their perspective on the human experience?
Dystopian Visions: A Reflection of Societal Fears . How do Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New World” and George Orwell’s “1984” reflect societal fears of their respective times?
The Intersection of Race and Gender in African American Literature . How do Toni Morrison’s “Beloved” and Maya Angelou’s “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” research the intersection of race and gender?
The Literary Research of Mental Illness . How is mental illness depicted and researched in Sylvia Plath’s “The Bell Jar” and Ken Kesey’s “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest”?
Satire and Social Critique in the Novels of Charles Dickens . How does Charles Dickens employ satire as a tool for social critique in “Hard Times” and “Oliver Twist”?
The Concept of the Anti-hero in Modern Literature . How is the anti-hero character archetype developed in the works of Bret Easton Ellis and Chuck Palahniuk?
Mythology in Modern Fantasy Literature . In what ways do Rick Riordan’s “Percy Jackson” series and J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” series draw upon classical mythology to develop their respective narratives?
Identity and Exile in Post-Colonial Literature . How do themes of identity and exile manifest in the post-colonial literature of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s “Americanah” and Jhumpa Lahiri’s “The Namesake”?
The Intersection of Technology and Humanity in Science Fiction . How do Philip K. Dick’s “Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?” and Isaac Asimov’s “I, Robot” depict the relationship between technology and humanity?
The Psychological Depth of Characters in Russian Novels . How do Fyodor Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment” and Leo Tolstoy’s “Anna Karenina” show the psychological depth of their characters?
The Bildungsroman and Its Evolution in English Literature . How has the bildungsroman genre evolved from Charles Dickens’s “Great Expectations” to J.D. Salinger’s “The Catcher in the Rye”?
Portrayals of Colonialism and Its Aftermath in African Literature . How do Chinua Achebe’s “Things Fall Apart” and Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s “A Grain of Wheat” portray the effects of colonialism on African societies?
The Literary Representation of LGBTQ+ Identities . How do contemporary novels represent LGBTQ+ identities, particularly in the works of Jeanette Winterson and David Levithan?
Existentialism in the Works of Albert Camus and Franz Kafka . How do Albert Camus’ “The Stranger” and Franz Kafka’s “The Trial” reflect existentialist themes?
The Influence of Historical Events on American Literature . How have significant historical events, such as the Great Depression and the Civil Rights Movement, influenced American literature, particularly in the works of John Steinbeck and James Baldwin?
Magic and Myth in Indigenous Storytelling . How is magic used to convey cultural myths and values in the storytelling traditions of Indigenous peoples, as seen in the works of Leslie Marmon Silko and Thomas King?
Eco-criticism in Contemporary Poetry . How do contemporary poets like Mary Oliver and Wendell Berry use their work to address environmental issues through an eco-critical lens?
The Role of Women in Renaissance Literature . How do the roles and depictions of women in Renaissance literature, particularly in the works of William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe, reflect the societal attitudes of the time?
Narratives of Displacement and Migration in Modern Novels . How do novels like Mohsin Hamid’s “Exit West” and Valeria Luiselli’s “Lost Children Archive” depict the experiences of displacement and migration?
The Revival of Fairy Tales in Modern Literature . How do authors like Angela Carter and Neil Gaiman reinterpret classic fairy tales for modern audiences?
Post-Apartheid South African Literature . How do post-apartheid South African authors like J.M. Coetzee and Nadine Gordimer discuss themes of identity, reconciliation, and memory in their works?
The Tragicomedy Genre in Playwriting . How do modern plays like Samuel Beckett’s “Waiting for Godot” and Tom Stoppard’s “Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead” exemplify the tragicomedy genre?
Literary Depictions of Utopias and Dystopias . How do utopian and dystopian themes manifest in literature, particularly in Thomas More’s “Utopia” and Suzanne Collins’ “The Hunger Games”?
Duality of Human Nature in Gothic Literature . How is the duality of human nature researched through Gothic elements in Robert Louis Stevenson’s “Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde” and Oscar Wilde’s “The Picture of Dorian Gray”?
The Portrayal of Social Inequality in Dickensian London . How does Charles Dickens critique social inequality and class struggles in Victorian London through “Bleak House” and “Oliver Twist”?
The Impact of Cultural Hybridity on Identity in Diaspora Literature . How do authors like Zadie Smith in “White Teeth” and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie in “Americanah” depict the impact of cultural hybridity on the identity of diaspora individuals?
Narrative Innovation in Post-Colonial African Novels . In what ways do post-colonial African novels, such as Ben Okri’s “The Famished Road” and Yvonne Vera’s “Butterfly Burning,” innovate traditional narrative structures to convey themes of memory, history, and identity?
The Evolution of the Female Protagonist in British Novels . How have female protagonists evolved in British literature from Jane Austen’s “Pride and Prejudice” to Hilary Mantel’s “Wolf Hall”, particularly in their agency and complexity?
Symbolism in Modern American Poetry . How is symbolism employed in the works of Sylvia Plath and Langston Hughes to address themes of identity and societal expectations?
Postmodern Elements in Contemporary Graphic Novels . How do graphic novels like Alan Moore’s “Watchmen” and Neil Gaiman’s “Sandman” incorporate postmodern elements to redefine traditional storytelling?
The Portrayal of Existentialism in European Theatre . How is existentialism portrayed in the plays of Samuel Beckett and Jean-Paul Sartre?
Evolving Feminine Identities in Post-War Japanese Literature . How do female authors like Banana Yoshimoto and Yoko Ogawa depict women’s identities in post-war Japanese society?
The Use of Allegory in Medieval English Literature . How do Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Canterbury Tales” and Edmund Spenser’s “The Faerie Queene” use allegory to comment on societal norms and values?
Historical Contexts in the Novels of Hilary Mantel . How does Hilary Mantel use historical contexts to enhance character development and plot in “Wolf Hall” and “Bring Up the Bodies”?
Narrative Complexity in South Asian Novels . How do novels by Salman Rushdie and Arundhati Roy use complex narrative structures to enhance themes of cultural conflict and identity?
Ecofeminism in Contemporary Literature . How do Margaret Atwood’s “The Handmaid’s Tale” and Barbara Kingsolver’s “Prodigal Summer” weave ecofeminist themes into their narratives?
The Influence of the Supernatural in Victorian Novels . How do Charlotte Brontë’s “Jane Eyre” and Charles Dickens’ “A Christmas Carol” incorporate supernatural elements to influence themes and character development?
Challenges of Translation in World Literature . How do translated works from authors like Haruki Murakami and Gabriel García Márquez challenge the reader’s interpretation due to cultural and linguistic differences?
Modern Retellings of Ancient Myths . How do contemporary authors like Madeline Miller in “Circe” and Pat Barker in “The Silence of the Girls” reinterpret ancient myths?
The Role of the Anti-Hero in British Dramas . How do modern British dramas, such as those by Jez Butterworth and Martin McDonagh, depict the role of the anti-hero in contemporary society?
The Representation of Mental Health in Young Adult Literature . How is mental health represented in young adult literature by authors like John Green and Ned Vizzini?
Political Satire in 20th-Century British Literature . How do George Orwell’s “Animal Farm” and Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New World” use political satire to critique their respective societies?
Cross-Cultural Influences in Modernist Literature . How do T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land” and Ezra Pound’s “Cantos” reflect cross-cultural influences and contribute to the development of modernist poetry?

These topics can be a foundation for your extended essay and invite you to investigate literature through various perspectives, encouraging a deeper understanding of themes, techniques, and cultural contexts. Remember, a well-chosen topic is the first step to a rewarding research experience.

Topics to Read:

IB Extended Essay Topics: Business and Management
IB Extended Essay Topics: Physics
IB Extended Essay Topics: Economics
IB Extended Essay Topics: Sports and Health Science
IB Extended Essay Topics: Geography
IB Extended Essay Topics: Global Politics
IB World Studies Extended Essay Ideas
IB Results Remark Procedure
How to Make Awesome IB Notes?
What Is the New IB Economics Syllabus?
IB Oral Presentation Ideas and Examples
70+ CAS Project Ideas for IB Students
World of IB Acronyms: From EE to TOK, Making Sense of It All
Benefits of Pursuing a Second Language at IB Higher Levels

Don’t let the stress of the IB curriculum hold you back.

Are you struggling to come up with topic suggestions for your IB Extended Essay? Or do you need help with Internal Assessment?

Our experienced writers can help you choose the perfect topic and assist you with any assignment.

You can order an Extended Essay tailored to your specific subject and requirements.

Our experienced IB writers are always ready to help.

Simply click:

A female student standing still and smiling while holding a pen and a notebook, presumably contemplating IB IA topic suggestions.

In conclusion, working on your English A extended essay is a path of intellectual growth. In my experience, embracing this challenge with enthusiasm and strategic planning will lead to academic success and a deeper appreciation for the power of literature. So grab your pen (or laptop) and let your literary research begin! And if you need help writing an extended essay , just contact our IB experts.

Get hot offers and discounts for your IB Assignments

Our writing solutions cater to all disciplines within the IB program, and we specialize in crafting academic papers for students of all levels. We follow the IB criteria.

Adhering strictly to the rigorous standards set by the IB, we deploy a methodical approach to our writing process. This ensures that every piece of content we generate not only meets but exceeds the expectations set within the program.

Contact us:

[email protected]

Latest Articles:

Latest Extended Essay Requirements Updates for the Years 2023/2024

Is It Legit to Buy Extended Essay Online?

What Is the Recommended Amount of Sources for an IB EE?

Our services:.

Buy Internal Assessment
Buy Math IA
Buy Extended Essay
Buy TOK Essay
Buy TOK Exhibition

IBWritingService.com is an independent academic writing aid with no official ties to the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO). Our use of “IB” in the domain and title is purely for identification, and we neither claim nor imply any endorsement or partnership with the IBO. Our services aim to support students’ educational needs without violating IBO policies. Trademarks mentioned are property of their owners and do not suggest affiliations. By using our services, you acknowledge our non-affiliation with the IBO and that we’re not a substitute for IBO requirements. We deny any liability for use of our services in relation to the IBO.

ALL PAPERS WRITTEN BY OUR EXPERTS AS PART OF THIS WRITING SERVICE ARE FOR REFERENCE PURPOSES ONLY. WHEN USING CONTENT PURCHASED FROM THIS WEBSITE, IT MUST BE PROPERLY REFERENCED.

Terms & Conditions
Revision Policy
Privacy Policy
Refund Policy
Cookie Policy

The Midwife's Apprentice

40 pages • 1 hour read

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapters 1-4

Chapters 5-9

Chapters 10-13

Chapters 14-17

Character Analysis

Symbols & Motifs

Important Quotes

Essay Topics

Discussion Questions

How do the details Cushman includes regarding midwifery during medieval times impact the experience of reading the story?

One of the book’s major themes is The Power of Kindness . Choose three acts of kindness offered from one character to another, and explore how the story would have been different if the offering character hadn’t chosen kindness. Support your answer with evidence from the text.

Compare and contrast Alyce and Jane as characters. What do they have in common? How are they different?

Related Titles

By Karen Cushman

Catherine, Called Birdy

Featured Collections

Coming-of-Age Journeys

View Collection

Juvenile Literature

Medieval Literature / Middle Ages

Newbery Medal & Honor Books

School Book List Titles

IMAGES

The Role of Midwives Essay Example
Midwifery
📚 Free Essay for Students: Philosophy of Midwifery and Practice
Midwifery Clinical Audit Essay Example
Leadership Essay
Pin on Midwifery

COMMENTS

Midwifery Dissertation Topics , Ideas & Examples
The salary of a midwife varies depending on the type of work, location, and experience of the midwife. Midwives generally earn $132,950 per year. The average annual salary for entry-level midwives is $102,390. The minimum requirement for becoming a midwifery nurse is a bachelor's degree in nursing, with the option of pursuing a master's degree.
43 Trending Midwifery Dissertation Topics
Keeping that in mind, we have asked our team of professional writers with years of experience to create some of the most sensible midwifery dissertation topics UK with the help of trends. These will give you a good idea of the current issues confronting midwifery. The cause of recurrent miscarriage. The cultural perspective on male midwives.
Midwifery Dissertation Topics List (30 Examples) For Your Research
Topic With Mini-Proposal (Paid Service) Undergraduate: £30 (250 Words) Master: £45 (400 Words) Doctoral: £70 (600 Words) Along with a topic, you will also get; An explanation why we choose this topic. 2-3 research questions. Key literature resources identification. Suitable methodology with identification of raw sample size, and data ...
201 best Midwifery Dissertation Topics and Titles 2024
More Midwifery Dissertation Topics. In light of the above guidance, students can choose any topic from the following given midwifery dissertation topics. The impact of maternal obesity on birth outcomes. The use of midwife-led continuity of care models in maternity care. The role of midwives in promoting breastfeeding.
» 63 Best Midwifery Dissertation Topics
63 Best Midwifery Dissertation Topics. Whenever you search "midwifery dissertation topics," you expect to find expert recommendations for top grades.Even professionals sometimes need a hand to find the best project ideas. Also, students who seek help in finding topics have a high chance of scoring better grades than those who find their research questions independently.
100 IB Extended Essay Topic Ideas!
An analysis of body modification in relation to social and cultural anthropology. 100. Chaste systems and social ranks in societies. There are so many class subjects that can form the basis of your extended essay, including these popular six subjects: - Information technology. - Computer science. - Health science.
British Journal Of Midwifery
Impact of the midwife-led care model on mode of birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic review is the best approach to determine the most effective intervention/treatment in clinical decision-making (Harvey and Land, 2017). This method follows explicit, rigorous and...
LibGuides: Nursing and Midwifery: Literature Reviews
Greenhalgh's book is a classic in critical appraisal. Whilst you don't need to read this book cover-to-cover, it can be useful to refer to its specific chapters on how to assess different types of research papers. We have copies available in the library! Last Updated: Aug 20, 2024 8:36 AM.
The Complete IB Extended Essay Guide: Examples, Topics, Ideas
Body of the essay. Conclusion. References and bibliography. Additionally, your research topic must fall into one of the six approved DP categories, or IB subject groups, which are as follows: Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature. Group 2: Language Acquisition. Group 3: Individuals and Societies. Group 4: Sciences.
Selected Topics in Midwifery Care
Selected Topics in Midwifery Care. Edited by: Ana Polona Mivšek. ISBN 978-1-78985-533-3, eISBN 978-1-78985-534-0, PDF ISBN 978-1-83962-033-1, Published 2019-02-08. Midwifery across the globe faces different issues. In some countries the autonomy of the profession is a tradition, while in some societies midwives struggle to practice ...
LibGuides: Midwifery and Women's Health: Writing Assignments
Academic Writing and Study Skills Tutorials are available to all students. They are a confidential one-to-one or small group appointment with a member of the Library Team lasting up to 30 minutes. They are available in person on campus, via Teams and email. In order to ensure that the students who need them most have access to a tutorial, we ...
Learning to be a midwife: Midwifery students' experiences of an
Third-year midwifery students valued the experience of working one-on-one for an extended placement with a midwife providing continuity of care within a caseload model. ... Focus groups are an efficient method of collecting valuable insights into a topic and harnessing the power of a group dynamic to encourage conversation [43. Wilkinson S ...
Midwifery Matters
Table 3-2. International definition of the midwife (7, p.1) A midwife is a person who has successfully completed a midwifery education programme that is duly recognized in the country where it is located and that is based on the International Confederation of Midwives' (ICM) Essential Competencies for Basic Midwifery Practice and the framework of the ICM Global Standards for Midwifery ...
Higher Education and midwifery
The entry requirements to study the midwifery degree at Kings College London for students completing the Access is course is 60 credits with 45 at level 3. Students need to achieve a minimum of 15 merits and 20 distinctions. This entry requirement is the same for those students wishing to do an adult nursing degree.
Write for MIDIRS Midwifery Digest
For informal inquiries, questions or support with your submission please contact the MIDIRS Editor: Sara Webb at: [email protected]. Find out more about writing original articles for MIDIRS Midwifery Digest below: Why you should write for MIDIRS Midwifery Digest. Watch on.
Essay on Midwife
Good Essays. 1897 Words. 8 Pages. Open Document. Hearing the word midwife leaves many people thinking of unprofessional, inexperienced women who help deliver babies naturally, without the help of medication. In truth, nurse-midwives are registered nurses who have attended additional schooling for women's health and are taught to make women ...
The IB Extended Essay: Topic ideas and research Questions
During the first meeting with your advisor, discuss the research you've done, your ideas, and the requirements for your subject. Decide on the most suitable research question. Your revised research question proposal is due May 16. Adapted from O'Farrell, Finbar. Approach your assessment the IB Way: Extended Essay. pg. 13.
Writing and Referencing
Quotation, criticism or review - allows students, researchers and staff to quote short extracts from copyrighted works in essays, reviews and journal articles. A single extract of no more than 400 words. A series of extracts of no more than a total of 800 words, with no single extract exceeding 300 words.
Extended essay
The extended essay is an independent, self-directed piece of research, finishing with a 4,000-word paper. One component of the International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) core, the extended essay is mandatory for all students. Read about the extended essay in greater detail. You can also read about how the IB sets deadlines for ...
Band 7: Nowadays shops have extended opening hours almost every day of
Check out this IELTS Writing Task 2 essay written by our user on the topic: Nowadays shops have extended opening hours almost every day of the week in many. ... Note: Both the topic and the essay were created by one of our users. In recent years, shops in many countries have been extending their opening hours to almost every day of the week. ...
Examples
These highlight the diverse range of topics covered by International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) students during their extended essays. Some examples are: "An analysis of costume as a source for understanding the inner life of the character". "A study of malnourished children in Indonesia and the extent of their recovery ...
English A Extended Essay Topics: Ideas & Inspiration
Today, I will give you some ideas for English A extended essay topics. Understanding the English A Extended Essay. First, it's important to understand what makes the English A Extended Essay different. This 4,000-word research project offers you a unique opportunity to investigate a literary topic of personal interest. In line with general IB ...
The Midwife's Apprentice Essay Topics
Essay Topics. 1. How do the details Cushman includes regarding midwifery during medieval times impact the experience of reading the story? 2. One of the book's major themes is The Power of Kindness. Choose three acts of kindness offered from one character to another, and explore how the story would have been different if the offering ...