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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi – Contributions and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi

500+ words essay on mahatma gandhi.

Essay on Mahatma Gandhi – Mahatma Gandhi was a great patriotic Indian, if not the greatest. He was a man of an unbelievably great personality. He certainly does not need anyone like me praising him. Furthermore, his efforts for Indian independence are unparalleled. Most noteworthy, there would have been a significant delay in independence without him. Consequently, the British because of his pressure left India in 1947. In this essay on Mahatma Gandhi, we will see his contribution and legacy.

Contributions of Mahatma Gandhi

First of all, Mahatma Gandhi was a notable public figure. His role in social and political reform was instrumental. Above all, he rid the society of these social evils. Hence, many oppressed people felt great relief because of his efforts. Gandhi became a famous international figure because of these efforts. Furthermore, he became the topic of discussion in many international media outlets.

Mahatma Gandhi made significant contributions to environmental sustainability. Most noteworthy, he said that each person should consume according to his needs. The main question that he raised was “How much should a person consume?”. Gandhi certainly put forward this question.

Furthermore, this model of sustainability by Gandhi holds huge relevance in current India. This is because currently, India has a very high population . There has been the promotion of renewable energy and small-scale irrigation systems. This was due to Gandhiji’s campaigns against excessive industrial development.

Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence is probably his most important contribution. This philosophy of non-violence is known as Ahimsa. Most noteworthy, Gandhiji’s aim was to seek independence without violence. He decided to quit the Non-cooperation movement after the Chauri-Chaura incident . This was due to the violence at the Chauri Chaura incident. Consequently, many became upset at this decision. However, Gandhi was relentless in his philosophy of Ahimsa.

Secularism is yet another contribution of Gandhi. His belief was that no religion should have a monopoly on the truth. Mahatma Gandhi certainly encouraged friendship between different religions.

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Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi has influenced many international leaders around the world. His struggle certainly became an inspiration for leaders. Such leaders are Martin Luther King Jr., James Beve, and James Lawson. Furthermore, Gandhi influenced Nelson Mandela for his freedom struggle. Also, Lanza del Vasto came to India to live with Gandhi.

The awards given to Mahatma Gandhi are too many to discuss. Probably only a few nations remain which have not awarded Mahatma Gandhi.

In conclusion, Mahatma Gandhi was one of the greatest political icons ever. Most noteworthy, Indians revere by describing him as the “father of the nation”. His name will certainly remain immortal for all generations.

Essay Topics on Famous Leaders

• Mahatma Gandhi
• APJ Abdul Kalam
• Jawaharlal Nehru
• Swami Vivekananda
• Mother Teresa
• Rabindranath Tagore
• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• Subhash Chandra Bose
• Abraham Lincoln
• Martin Luther King

FAQs on Mahatma Gandhi

Q.1 Why Mahatma Gandhi decided to stop Non-cooperation movement?

A.1 Mahatma Gandhi decided to stop the Non-cooperation movement. This was due to the infamous Chauri-Chaura incident. There was significant violence at this incident. Furthermore, Gandhiji was strictly against any kind of violence.

Q.2 Name any two leaders influenced by Mahatma Gandhi?

A.2 Two leaders influenced by Mahatma Gandhi are Martin Luther King Jr and Nelson Mandela.

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi [100, 150, 200, 300, 500 Words]

Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in English: In this article, you are going to read short and long essays on Mahatma Gandhi in English (100, 150, 200-250, 300, and 500 words). This article will be also helpful for you If you are looking for a speech on Mahatma Gandhi or Paragraph on Mahatma Gandhi in English. We’ve written this article for students of all classes (nursery to class 12). So, let’s get started.

Table of Contents

Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi 100 Words

Mahatma Gandhi was one of the greatest leaders of our country. He was born in Porbandar, India, on October 2, 1869. His father Karamchand Gandhi was the Dewan and his mother Putlibai was a pious lady. Gandhiji went to England to become a barrister. In 1893 he went to South Africa and worked for the rights of our people.

He returned to India in 1915 and joined the freedom struggle. He started many political movements like Non-cooperation movement, Salt Satyagraha, Quit India Movement to fight against the British. Gandhiji worked for the ending of the caste system and the establishment of Hindu-Muslim unity. He was killed by Nathuram Godse On January 30, 1948.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay in English 150 Words

Mahatma Gandhi was a great leader. His full name was Mohandas and Gandhi. He was born on October 2, 1869 at Porbandar. His father was a Diwan. He was an average student. He went to England and returned as a barrister.

In South Africa, Gandhiji saw the bad condition of the Indians. There he raised his voice against it and organised a movement.

In India, he started the non-cooperation and Satyagraha movements to fight against the British Government. He went to jail many times. He wanted Hindu-Muslim unity. In 1947, he got freedom for us.

Gandhiji was a great social reformer. He worked for Dalits and lower-class people. He lived a very simple life. He wanted peace. He believed in Ahimsa.

On January 30, 1948, he was shot dead. We call him ‘Bapu’ out of love and respect. He is the Father of the Nation.

Also Read: 10 Lines on Mahatma Gandhi

Essay on Mahatma Gandhi 200-250 Words

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, freedom activist, and politician. Gandhiji was born on October 2, 1869 at Porbandar, Gujarat. His father Karamchand Gandhi was the Chief Minister (diwan) of Porbandar state. His mother Putlibai was a religious woman.

He went to England to study law at the age of 18 years. After his return to India, he started a practice as a lawyer in the Bombay High Court. He went to South Africa and started practicing law. There he protested against the injustice and harsh treatment of the white people towards the native Africans and Indians.

He returned to India in 1915 and started to take interest in politics. Mahatma Gandhi used the ideals of truth and non-violence as weapons to fight against British colonial rule. He worked for the upliftment of Harijans. He fought against untouchability and worked for Hindu-Muslim unity.

Through his freedom movements like Non-cooperation movement, Khilafat movement, and civil disobedience movement he fought for freedom against the British imperialists. 1942, he launched the Quit India movement to end the British rule. At last, India got freedom in 1947 at his initiative.

People affectionately call him ‘Bapu’ and the ‘Father of the Nation’. He was shot dead in 1948 by the Hindu fanatic Nathuram Godse.  Gandhiji’s life is a true inspiration for all of us.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay in English 300 Words

Mahatma Gandhi was born at Porbandar in Gujarat on 2nd October, 1869. His father was the Diwan of the State. His name was Karam Chand Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi’s full name was Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi. His mother’s name was Putali Bai. Mahatma Gandhi went to school first at Porbandar then at Rajkot. Even as a child, Mahatma never told a lie. He passed his Matric examination at the age of 18.

Mohan Das was married to Kasturba at the age of thirteen. Mahatma Gandhi was sent to England to study law and became a Barrister. He lived a very simple life even in England. After getting his law degree, he returned to India.

Mr. Gandhi started his law practice. He went to South Africa in the course of a law suit. He saw the condition of the Indians living there. They were treated very badly by the white men. They were not allowed to travel in 1st class on the trains, also not allowed to enter certain localities, clubs, and so on. Once when Gandhiji was travelling in the 1st class compartment of the train, he was beaten and thrown out of the train. Then Mahatma decided to unite all Indians and started the Non-violence and Satyagrah Movement. In no time, the Movement picked up.

Mahatma Gandhi returned to India and joined Indian National Congress. He started the Non-violence, Non-cooperation Movements here also. He travelled all over India, especially the rural India to see the conditions of the poor.

Mahatma Gandhi started Satyagrah Movement to oppose the Rowlatt Act and there was the shoot-out at Jalian-Wala-Bagh. The Act was drawn after many people were killed. He then started the Salt Satyagraha and Quit India Movements. And finally, Gandhiji won freedom for us. India became free on 15th August, 1947. He is called as “Father of the Nation”. Unfortunately, Gandhiji was shot on 30 January 1948 by a Hindu extremist Nathuram Godse.

Also Read: Gandhi Jayanti Speech 10 Lines

Mahatma Gandhi Essay in English 500 Words

Introduction:.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi was a politician, social activist, writer, and leader of the Indian national movement. He is a figure known all over the world. His name is a household word in India, rather, in all the world round. His creed of non-violence has placed him on the same par with Buddha, Sri Chaitanya, and Jesus Christ.

Family & Education:

Mahatma Gandhi was born in the small town of Porbandar in the Kathiwad state on October 2, 1869. His father Karamchand Gandhi was the prime minister of Rajkot State and his mother Putlibai was a pious lady. Her influence shaped the future life of Mahatma Gandhi.

He was sent to school at a very early age, but he was not a very bright student. After his Matriculation Examination, he went to England to study law and returned home as a barrister. He began to practice law in Bombay but he was not very successful.

Life in South Africa:

In 1893 Gandhiji went to South Africa in connection with a case. He found his own countrymen treated with contempt by the whites. Gandhiji started satyagraha against this color hated. It was a non-violent protest, yet hundreds were beaten up and thousands were sent to jail. But Gandhiji did not buzz an inch from his faith in truth and non-violence and at last, he succeeded in his mission. He was awarded the title of Mahatma.

Fight for India’s Independence:

In 1915 Gandhiji came back to India after twenty long years in South Africa. He joined the Indian National congress and championed the cause of India’s freedom movement. He asked people to unite for the cause of freedom. He used the weapons of truth and non-violence to fight against the mighty British.

The horrible massacre at Jalianwalabag in Punjab touched him and he resolved to face the brute force of the British Government with moral force. In 1920 he launched the Non-cooperation movement to oppose British rule in India.

He led the famous Dandi March on 12th March 1930. This march was meant to break the salt law. And as a result of this, the British rule in India had already started shaking and he had to go to London for a Round Table Conference in 1931. But this Conference proved abortive and the country was about to give a death blow to the foreign rule.

In 1942 Gandhiji launched his final bout for freedom. He started the ‘Quit India’ movement. At last, the British Government had to quit India in 1947, and India was declared a free country on August 15, 1947.

Social Works:

Mahatma Gandhi was a social activist who fought against the evils of society. He found the Satyagraha Ashram on the banks of the Sabarmati river in Gujarat. He preached against untouchability and worked for Hindu-Muslim unity. He fought tirelessly for the rights of Harijans.

Conclusion:

Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation was a generous, god-loving, and peace-loving person. But unfortunately, he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse on 30th January 1948 at the age of 78. To commemorate Gandhiji’s birth anniversary Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated every year on October 2. Gandhiji’s teachings and ideologies will continue to enlighten and encourage us in the future.

Read More: 1. Essay on Swami Vivekananda 2. Essay on Subhash Chandra Bose 3. Essay on Mother Teresa 4. Essay on APJ Abdul Kalam 5. Essay on Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

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• Mahatma Gandhi Essay

Important Essay on Mahatma Gandhi for Students in English

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, often called the 'Father of the Nation' , was a leader who fought for India's freedom from British rule. He believed in non-violence. Every year on October 2nd, Mahatma Gandhi's birthday is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti to honor his efforts in freeing India.

English Essay on Mahatma Gandhi

Rabindranath Tagore was the first to call Gandhiji 'Mahatma,' which means 'Great Soul' in Sanskrit. His wise ideas and beliefs led people to respect and call him 'Mahatma Gandhi.' His dedication to the country and efforts to turn his ideas into reality make Indians around the world very proud of him .

According to Mahatma Gandhi’s biography, he was born on October 2, 1869 , in Porbandar, a coastal town in the present-day Indian state of Gujarat. He grew up in a Hindu family and ate basic vegetarian meals. His dad, Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi, was an important leader in Porbandar State. In South Africa, he was the first to lead a peaceful protest movement, setting him apart from other demonstrators. Mahatma Gandhi also introduced the idea of Satyagraha, a nonviolent approach to opposing unfairness. He devoted 20 years of his life to battling discrimination in South Africa.

His idea of 'Ahimsa,' which means not hurting anyone, was widely admired and followed by many influential people worldwide. He became an indomitable figure who couldn't be defeated in any situation. Mahatma Gandhi initiated the 'Khadi Movement' to encourage the use of fabrics like khadi or jute. This movement was a crucial part of the larger 'Non-co-operation Movement,' which advocated for Indian goods and discouraged foreign ones. Gandhi strongly supported agriculture and encouraged people to engage in farming. He inspired Indians to embrace manual labor and emphasized self-reliance, urging them to provide for their needs and lead simple lives. He began weaving cotton clothes using the Charkha to reduce dependence on foreign goods and promote Swadeshi products among Indians.

During the fight for India's freedom, Gandhiji faced imprisonment several times along with his followers, but his main goal was always the freedom of his motherland. Even when he was in prison, he never chose the path of violence.

Mahatma Gandhi made significant contributions to various social issues. His efforts against 'untouchability' while he was in Yerwada Jail, where he went on a hunger strike against this ancient social evil, greatly helped uplift the oppressed community in modern times. He also emphasized the importance of education, cleanliness, health, and equality in society.

These qualities defined him as a person with a great soul and justified his transformation from Gandhi to Mahatma. He led many freedom movements, including the "Quit India Movement," which was highly successful. His death was a huge loss to the forces of peace and democracy, leaving a significant void in the nation's life.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a prominent Indian nationalist leader, significantly influenced Mahatma Gandhi's political ideology and leadership approach. Gandhi considered him his political teacher.

Mahatma Gandhi played a crucial role in India's fight for freedom from British rule. His life was dedicated to serving his country and its people, and he became an international symbol of Indian leadership. Even today, he continues to inspire and motivate young people worldwide with his values and principles.

Gandhi Ji was known for his strong sense of discipline. He emphasized the importance of self-discipline in achieving significant goals, a principle he applied in promoting his philosophy of Ahimsa (non-violence). Through his own life, he demonstrated that rigorous discipline can lead to the realization of any objective, provided we remain committed and dedicated. These qualities established him as a revered and respected leader whose influence extends far beyond his lifetime. His ideals continue to resonate not only in India but also around the world.

FAQs on Mahatma Gandhi Essay

1. What were the different movements that Gandhi started in order to bring Independence to India?

In order to bring freedom, Gandhi started the Satyagraha movement in 1919, the non-cooperation movement in 1921, and Civil Disobedience movement in 1930 and Quit India movement in 1942.

2. Who killed Mahatma Gandhi?

A young man named Nathuram Godse killed Mahatma Gandhi when he was going to attend an evening prayer meeting.

3. Why is Gandhi known as the ‘Father of the Nation’?

Mahatma Gandhi is known as the ‘Father of the Nation’ because he laid the true foundation of independent India with his noble ideals and supreme sacrifice.

4. How do we commemorate Mahatma Gandhi’s contribution for our Nation?

His birthday on 2 nd October is celebrated as a National Holiday across the nation in order to commemorate his great contributions and sacrifices for the country’s independence.

5. What are the things we should learn from Mahatma Gandhi? 

There are various things one can learn from Gandhiji. The principles that he followed and preached his entire generation and for generations to come are commendable. He believed in ‘Ahimsa’ and taught people how any war in the world can be won through non-violence. To simply state one can learn the following principles from Gandhiji - 

Nonviolence, 

Respect for elders,

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Mahatma Gandhi

By: History.com Editors

Updated: June 6, 2019 | Original: July 30, 2010

Revered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or “the great-souled one.” He began his activism as an Indian immigrant in South Africa in the early 1900s, and in the years following World War I became the leading figure in India’s struggle to gain independence from Great Britain. Known for his ascetic lifestyle–he often dressed only in a loincloth and shawl–and devout Hindu faith, Gandhi was imprisoned several times during his pursuit of non-cooperation, and undertook a number of hunger strikes to protest the oppression of India’s poorest classes, among other injustices. After Partition in 1947, he continued to work toward peace between Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi was shot to death in Delhi in January 1948 by a Hindu fundamentalist.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar, in the present-day Indian state of Gujarat. His father was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar; his deeply religious mother was a devoted practitioner of Vaishnavism (worship of the Hindu god Vishnu), influenced by Jainism, an ascetic religion governed by tenets of self-discipline and nonviolence. At the age of 19, Mohandas left home to study law in London at the Inner Temple, one of the city’s four law colleges. Upon returning to India in mid-1891, he set up a law practice in Bombay, but met with little success. He soon accepted a position with an Indian firm that sent him to its office in South Africa. Along with his wife, Kasturbai, and their children, Gandhi remained in South Africa for nearly 20 years.

Did you know? In the famous Salt March of April-May 1930, thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmadabad to the Arabian Sea. The march resulted in the arrest of nearly 60,000 people, including Gandhi himself.

Gandhi was appalled by the discrimination he experienced as an Indian immigrant in South Africa. When a European magistrate in Durban asked him to take off his turban, he refused and left the courtroom. On a train voyage to Pretoria, he was thrown out of a first-class railway compartment and beaten up by a white stagecoach driver after refusing to give up his seat for a European passenger. That train journey served as a turning point for Gandhi, and he soon began developing and teaching the concept of satyagraha (“truth and firmness”), or passive resistance, as a way of non-cooperation with authorities.

The Birth of Passive Resistance

In 1906, after the Transvaal government passed an ordinance regarding the registration of its Indian population, Gandhi led a campaign of civil disobedience that would last for the next eight years. During its final phase in 1913, hundreds of Indians living in South Africa, including women, went to jail, and thousands of striking Indian miners were imprisoned, flogged and even shot. Finally, under pressure from the British and Indian governments, the government of South Africa accepted a compromise negotiated by Gandhi and General Jan Christian Smuts, which included important concessions such as the recognition of Indian marriages and the abolition of the existing poll tax for Indians.

In July 1914, Gandhi left South Africa to return to India. He supported the British war effort in World War I but remained critical of colonial authorities for measures he felt were unjust. In 1919, Gandhi launched an organized campaign of passive resistance in response to Parliament’s passage of the Rowlatt Acts, which gave colonial authorities emergency powers to suppress subversive activities. He backed off after violence broke out–including the massacre by British-led soldiers of some 400 Indians attending a meeting at Amritsar–but only temporarily, and by 1920 he was the most visible figure in the movement for Indian independence.

Leader of a Movement

As part of his nonviolent non-cooperation campaign for home rule, Gandhi stressed the importance of economic independence for India. He particularly advocated the manufacture of khaddar, or homespun cloth, in order to replace imported textiles from Britain. Gandhi’s eloquence and embrace of an ascetic lifestyle based on prayer, fasting and meditation earned him the reverence of his followers, who called him Mahatma (Sanskrit for “the great-souled one”). Invested with all the authority of the Indian National Congress (INC or Congress Party), Gandhi turned the independence movement into a massive organization, leading boycotts of British manufacturers and institutions representing British influence in India, including legislatures and schools.

After sporadic violence broke out, Gandhi announced the end of the resistance movement, to the dismay of his followers. British authorities arrested Gandhi in March 1922 and tried him for sedition; he was sentenced to six years in prison but was released in 1924 after undergoing an operation for appendicitis. He refrained from active participation in politics for the next several years, but in 1930 launched a new civil disobedience campaign against the colonial government’s tax on salt, which greatly affected Indian’s poorest citizens.

A Divided Movement

In 1931, after British authorities made some concessions, Gandhi again called off the resistance movement and agreed to represent the Congress Party at the Round Table Conference in London. Meanwhile, some of his party colleagues–particularly Mohammed Ali Jinnah, a leading voice for India’s Muslim minority–grew frustrated with Gandhi’s methods, and what they saw as a lack of concrete gains. Arrested upon his return by a newly aggressive colonial government, Gandhi began a series of hunger strikes in protest of the treatment of India’s so-called “untouchables” (the poorer classes), whom he renamed Harijans, or “children of God.” The fasting caused an uproar among his followers and resulted in swift reforms by the Hindu community and the government.

In 1934, Gandhi announced his retirement from politics in, as well as his resignation from the Congress Party, in order to concentrate his efforts on working within rural communities. Drawn back into the political fray by the outbreak of World War II , Gandhi again took control of the INC, demanding a British withdrawal from India in return for Indian cooperation with the war effort. Instead, British forces imprisoned the entire Congress leadership, bringing Anglo-Indian relations to a new low point.

Partition and Death of Gandhi

After the Labor Party took power in Britain in 1947, negotiations over Indian home rule began between the British, the Congress Party and the Muslim League (now led by Jinnah). Later that year, Britain granted India its independence but split the country into two dominions: India and Pakistan. Gandhi strongly opposed Partition, but he agreed to it in hopes that after independence Hindus and Muslims could achieve peace internally. Amid the massive riots that followed Partition, Gandhi urged Hindus and Muslims to live peacefully together, and undertook a hunger strike until riots in Calcutta ceased.

In January 1948, Gandhi carried out yet another fast, this time to bring about peace in the city of Delhi. On January 30, 12 days after that fast ended, Gandhi was on his way to an evening prayer meeting in Delhi when he was shot to death by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic enraged by Mahatma’s efforts to negotiate with Jinnah and other Muslims. The next day, roughly 1 million people followed the procession as Gandhi’s body was carried in state through the streets of the city and cremated on the banks of the holy Jumna River.

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Mahatma Gandhi Essay for Students in English - 100, 200, 500 Words Essay

Gandhiji was a great believer in ahimsa, or nonviolence, and pursued the path of Satya vachan, or truthfulness. He was a humble person who taught the people of India to be simple and self-sufficient. People from all walks of life adored and admired him.

100 Words Essay On Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi is known as the Mahatma for his outstanding deeds and excellence throughout his life. He was a renowned freedom warrior and non-violent campaigner who lived his life following nonviolence while pushing India to independence from British control.

He was only 18 years old while studying law in England. Later, he travelled to the British colony of South Africa to practise law, where he was distinguished from the light-skinned population due to his black skin. That is why he became a political activist to effect good change in such inequitable legislation.

Later, he returned to India and launched a formidable and nonviolent struggle to achieve India's independence. In 1930, he led the Salt March (Namak Satyagrah, Salt Satyagrah, or Dandi March). He motivated many Indians to fight for their freedom from British tyranny.

200 Words Essay On Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869, in Porbander, India, was a prominent Indian leader who led India in its fight for freedom from British control. He finished his education in India before moving to England to study law. He began assisting the people of India who had been humiliated and abused by British rule. To combat British oppression, Gandhi chose the path of non-violence.

Campaigns | Gandhi was ridiculed several times, yet he persisted in his nonviolent campaign for India's independence. He was a renowned leader of the Indian independence movement who fought hard for India's freedom. After returning to India, he initiated independence campaigns such as non-cooperation, civil disobedience, and, subsequently, the Quit India Movement, all of which successfully contributed to India's independence.

Struggle For Freedom | As a impactful freedom fighter, Gandhi was jailed and imprisoned several times, yet he persisted in battling against British tyranny for Indian justice. He was a firm believer in nonviolence and the solidarity of people of all faiths, which he upheld throughout his campaign for independence. After several struggles with many Indians, he and other freedom fighters were eventually successful in establishing India as an independent country on August 15, 1947. Later, he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu activist, on January 30' 1948.

500 Words Essay On Mahatma Gandhi

In India, Mahatma Gandhi is known as "Bapu" or "Rastrapita." Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is his full name. And, like the title conferred upon him, his sacrifices for the country and attempts to make his principles a reality are a source of immense pride for Indians worldwide.

Gandhi’s Childhood

Gandhi was born in Porbandar, Gujarat, India, on October 2, 1869. He grew up in a Hindu home and mainly ate vegetarian meals. His father, Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi, was the Dewan of Porbandar State. He was the first to launch a peaceful protest movement in South Africa, distinguishing him from other demonstrators. Mahatma Gandhi also coined Satyagraha, a nonviolent method of fighting injustice.

Gandhi’s Principles

Gandhi was well-known for his strict discipline. He was a man of ethics, principles, and discipline who continues to inspire and encourage young people worldwide. He was always preaching the value of self-discipline in life. He thought it would aid in achieving larger aims, which he also used to promote his Ahimsa ideas. As he demonstrated in his life, rigorous discipline can help us accomplish any objective if we attempt to stay and commit ourselves to it. These characteristics made him a man with a great spirit and justified his transformation from Gandhi to Mahatma.

Contribution To Freedom Struggle

Mahatma Gandhi's impact on numerous societal concerns cannot be overstated.

Khadi Movement | Mahatma Gandhi launched the 'Khadi Movement' to promote using natural fibres such as khadi and jute. The Khadi Movement was part of the larger "Non-cooperation Movement," which supported the use of Indian goods and discouraged foreign goods.

Agriculture | Mahatma Gandhi was a major advocate of agriculture and encouraged people to work in agriculture.

Self- Sufficiency | He urged Indians to engage in physical labour and advised them to gather resources to live a simple life and become self-sufficient. He began weaving cotton clothing with Charkha to avoid using foreign goods and encouraged the use of Swadeshi items among Indians.

Untouchablity | During his detention in the Yerwada Jail, where he fasted against the age-old scourge of 'untouchability' in society, he tremendously aided the community's upliftment in the modern day. He also promoted education, hygiene, health, and equality in society.

Secularism | Gandhi made yet another contribution: secularism. He held that no religion should have a monopoly on truth. Mahatma Gandhi promoted inter-religious friendship.

Campaigns Gandhi Led

During the Indian Independence fight, Gandhi suffered and was imprisoned multiple times with his supporters, but independence for his country remained his primary desire. Even after being imprisoned, he never returned to the path of violence. He led various liberation movements and founded the "Quit India Movement." The Quit India Campaign was a huge success. Mahatma Gandhi was a crucial contributor to India's freedom from British domination. In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Civil Disobedience Movement. It was a behaviour that entailed refusing to obey any oppressive instructions or regulations. As a result, this tactic and its enforcers were subjected to severe violence and cruelty.

Gandhi’s death was the most devastating blow to the causes of peace and democracy. His demise left a massive void in the life of the country.

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Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi [100, 200, 400 Words] With PDF

In today’s session, you will learn to write short essays on the life of the father of our nation, Mahatma Gandhi. I’ll try to adopt a very simplistic approach to writing these short essays for a better understanding of all kinds of students. 

Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in 100 Words

Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the Nation, was one of the greatest political leaders of India. His original name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Gandhiji was born on 2nd October 1869, in Porbandar, in Gujrat. Brought up by Karamchand Gandhi and Putlibai, Mohandas grew up to be quite honest and truthful. His autobiography, My Experiments with Truth gives details of his childhood and adult life.

Gandhiji studied law and went to South Africa as a barrister, where he fought for the independence of Africa. Returning back to India he engaged in its freedom movement against the British and formed The Indian National Congress along with other influential personalities. Gandhi was assassinated on 30th January 1948 during his prayers. 

Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in 200 Words

Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation, played a significant role in the Indian freedom movement against the British rule in India that reigned for over 200 years. As one of the greatest leaders of India, he struggled for our freedom, not through bloodshed, but through non-violence or Ahimsa. It was the greatest achievement of Gandhiji to teach the Indians the way to peace and non-violence. 

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar in Gujrat, His parents, Karamchand Gandhi and Putlibai were extremely religious and devoted to family and God. From the very childhood, Gandhi was diligent in his studies and successfully attained his education. During his secondary level, he was married off to Kasturba Gandhi. Gandhiji studied law and went to South Africa as a barrister. But receiving tremendous racial hatred by the British, he decided to fight against this suffering. He fought for its independence and soon returned to India.

He became the leader of the nation by his motives of Ahimsa and Satyagraha. He conducted several movements against the British Raj and formed the Indian National Congress with other leaders. Through non-violence, he achieved India’s freedom. However, he could not support the partition. Due to philosophical works, Rabindranath named him the Mahatma. Gandhiji was assassinated by Nathuram Godse during his prayers on 30th January 1948.

Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in 400 Words

The Bapu of India, whom Tagore conferred the title Mahatma for his deep insights towards life and God, Mahatma Gandhi was one of the greatest leaders of India. Using the ways of Ahimsa or non-violence, he showed how without bloodshed getting freedom is possible, He preached and practised the ways of Satyagraha or embracing nothing but the Truth. 

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar in Gujrat.His father Karamchand Gandhi was a government official, while his mother Putlibai was a religious woman. Gandhiji in his childhood was greatly influenced by his parents. He grew up to be pious and sacred towards all living beings. After shifting to Rajkot with his after, he received his primary education there. During his secondary level, his family settled his marriage with Kasturba.

Mohandas was a diligent student and attained his degrees easily. Even in his school life, he never once took evil means to pass any examination. Once he stole some gold from his brother’s bracelet. But later realizing the theft he directly confessed it to his father. The forgiveness of his father changed his soul. All this enabled him to be a better person.

Gandhiji soon became a barrister and went to South Africa to study law. But receiving racial hatred on his way in the train by a British officer, he decided to stay there and fight for human rights. He learned about the ill-treatment of the Africans and Indians and involved himself entirely in it. Giving Africa its independence he returned to India and fought for its independence against British rule. He built the Sabarmati Ashram that soon became the centre of the revolution.

He founded the Ahimsa or non-violence to fight against them. He conducted several movements like the Non-Cooperation movement, The Dandi Salt March, the Civil Disobedience Movement and observed fasts to speed up the national struggle. His ways gave inspiration to all Indians. He was associated with Jawaharlal Nehru, Sarojini Naidu, Vallavbhai Patel in the formation of the Indian National Congress. Gandhiji initiated the boycott of foreign goods and the usage of indigenous products. 

During the Quit India movement, he united all by the slogan Do or Die. Soon India achieved freedom under his leadership. Although he could not accept the partition. On 30th October 1948, during his prayer, he was murdered by Nathuram Godse at gunpoint. Jawaharlal Nehru, upon his death, said, ‘’The light has gone out of our lives and it is darkness everywhere.’’ 

In this session above, I have tried to discuss almost every aspect of Mahatma Gandhi’s life within limited words. Hopefully, now you have a holistic idea about writing short essays on his life. If you still have any doubts regarding this session, kindly let me know through the comment section below. Keep browsing our website to read more such short essays on various important topics. 

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• Modern History

The early life and career of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi is one of the most iconic and revered figures in history. He is best known for his peaceful protests against British colonialism in India, which eventually led to the country's independence.

However, Gandhi's story began long before he became a global symbol of peace and freedom.

Gandhi was born on the 2nd of October, 1869, in the city of Porbandar, in present-day Gujarat, and was named Mohandas Gandhi.

He came from a Hindu family and his father served as the dewan, or chief minister, of several small princely states.

As a child, Gandhi was shy and withdrawn. He was also deeply religious, spending hours reading religious texts such as the Bhagavad Gita.

In 1883, at the age of thirteen, Gandhi married 14-year-old Kasturba Makhanji, a young girl who had been selected for him by his parents.

The couple went on to have four children together.

Studies in England

In 1888, Gandhi travelled to England to study law at University College London. It was during this time that he first began to develop his political views.

He was greatly influenced by the works of thinkers such as John Stuart Mill and Henry David Thoreau. 

He studied law and jurisprudence at University College London, where he was encouraged to enroll at Inner Temple with the goal of being a barrister.

His childhood timidity and seclusion had persisted into his teen years. When he moved to London, he continued to exhibit these characteristics.

Move to South Africa

After returning to India in 1891, Gandhi began working as a lawyer in Bombay (now Mumbai).

However, he was not very successful and found it difficult to fit into the city's Westernised culture.

In 1893, Gandhi accepted a one-year contract to work as a law clerk in South Africa. It was here that he first experienced racial discrimination firsthand. 

One incident in particular had a profound impact on Gandhi. In June of 1893, he was travelling by train from Durban to Pretoria when he was ordered to move from first class to third class, purely based upon his race.

When Gandhi refused, he was thrown off the train, and had to spend a night sleeping in Pietermaritzburg train station.

This was a critical point in Gandhi's life. He had always considered himself the equal of any other subject of the British Empire, but this event made him realise that Indians were treated as second-class citizens in South Africa.

This inspired him to begin fighting for the rights of his fellow Indians. The next few years were spent leading various protests and campaigns against the discriminatory laws in South Africa. 

In 1894, he was furious at the report that the Colony of Natal (which became part of South Africa) was proposing a new legislation that would prevent Indians from voting.

Gandhi immediately started a petition against the legislation and managed to get signatures from over 10,000 people.

Although the bill was still passed into law, Gandhi's efforts illuminated the issues of the Indian people in South Africa, and he established the Natal Indian Congress shortly after.

Second Boer War

When the Second Boer War began in 1899, Gandhi immediately offered to help the British army.

He recruited a group of Indian volunteers to serve as ambulance drivers and stretcher-bearers.

This was a very dangerous job, as they were often targets of enemy fire. However, Gandhi believed that it was important for Indians to show their loyalty to the Empire and prove that they were worthy of equality.

The British gave medals to Mahatma Gandhi for his brave efforts on the battlefield.

However, in the early 1900s, Gandhi established Indian Opinion, a newspaper that published articles supporting greater civil liberties and rights for Indians in South Africa.

The journal's name, "The Indian Opinion," referred to and articulated his famous idea of "satyagraha."

This word translates to 'the force of truth', and it emphasised the significance of non-violent resistance: a concept that would be crucial to his later efforts for Indian independence.

Arrest and jail

Satyagraha was Gandhi's way of defying the Asiatic Registration Act, which compelled Indians in South Africa to be thumb printed and carry registration papers with them at all times.

He argued that this was an unjust law, as it discriminated against a whole group of people based on their race.

In 1906, Gandhi led a large number of Indians in a mass protest against the act. As a result, he was arrested and sentenced to three months in jail.

It was during his time in prison that Gandhi began to develop his ideas about nonviolent resistance.

He came to believe that violence only begets more violence and that the only way to achieve change is through peaceful means.

After his release from prison, Gandhi continued to lead protests and campaigns against discrimination. 

Return to India

In 1914, the First World War broke out, and Gandhi once again offered his help to the British army. However, by this time his views had changed considerably.

While Gandhi did have reservations about Indians participating in the war, he also believed that if Indians supported the British war effort, it might help India gain constitutional rights and self-governance. 

In 1915, after more than two decades spent fighting for justice in South Africa, Gandhi returned to India. 

In 1915, he arrived in Bombay and started touring the country to learn more about the issues facing Indians.

He soon became involved in the Indian National Congress, a political party fighting for independence from British rule.

Over the next few years, Gandhi would become the most important leader of the independence movement.

His philosophy of nonviolent resistance would inspire millions of people, both in India and around the world.

Thanks to his tireless efforts, India finally gained its independence in 1947. 

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi for Students and Children in 1500+ Words

In this article, read an inspirational essay on Mahatma Gandhi, The father of Nation. This essay on Bapu is for students and children of different classes. It includes his life history, early life, principles, leadership works, and more.

Table of Contents

Essay on Mahatma Gandhi for Students and Children (1500+ Words)

India is a land of great women and men who have done such ideal works for the country that Indians will always remember. Many great men surrendered their bodies, minds, and wealth to our freedom struggle.

Mahatma Gandhi was one of such great men. Mahatma Gandhi was an era man towards whom the whole world has a feeling of respect.

Childhood and Education

This great man was born on the 2nd of October 1869 at a place called Porbandar in Gujarat. His full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi.

His father, Karamchand Gandhi, was the Diwan of Rajkot and mother Putlibai was a straightforward woman with a religious temperament. The impression of Mata’s character on Mohandas’s personality was visible.

After completing his primary education in Porbandar and passing the matriculation examination from Rajkot, he went to England for advocacy. He was advocated on return after layer study. He had to go to South Africa during a trial. Seeing the plight of Indians there, they were unfortunate.

The national spirit awakened in him, and he got engaged in the service of Indians. Gandhi started the Satyagraha movements against the devious policy and inhuman behavior of the British. He led the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Principles of Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhiji made Satyagraha his primary weapon to show opposition to the British. Gandhi started the Satyagraha movements against the devious policy and inhuman behavior of the British in front of the non-violent weapons.

He led the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Civil Disobedience Movement. British bow down in front of Gandhiji’s high command and truth and left India. Thus our country became Independent on the 15th of August 1947.

Other Work of Gandhi Ji

Gandhiji saved the untouchables and named him ‘Harijan.’ He strived to eliminate differences in language, caste, and religion, emphasized the use of indigenous goods.

He taught to spin yarn, observe all religions with respect and adopt truth, non-violence in life. Gandhiji gave the message of peace to the world.

Gandhiji ruled the hearts of the people of India with a feeling of love and brotherhood. They wanted to establish Ramrajya in the country. After India’s independence, the country was divided into two parts – India and Pakistan. He was despondent about this.

It was India’s misfortune we could not get the guidance of this leader for much longer after attaining independence. Gandhiji’s life was ended on the 30th of January 1948 by the bullet of a person named Nathuram Godse.

A visionary, epoch-eater went from India’s midst. Today Gandhiji is not with us, but we will always remember his ideal principles. His name will remain immortal.

Leadership of Mahatma Gandhi

All India from north to south or east to west was united under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. His appeal to the Indian masses, especially to the poor class, witnessed no leader.

People from all social groups at the time; gather in Millions on one call by Mahatma Gandhi or Bapu (as he was fondly known in India), forgetting about religious and caste differences.

His strict observance of the policy of non-violence and Satyagraha won him recognition from around the world. He had and still has many supporters in South Africa, where he fought for the citizenship rights of native African residents and Indian residents.

His contribution to the Indian fight for freedom was unprecedented, and it is still believed that only thanks to his policy of non-violence and Satyagraha, India achieved independence on the 15th of August 1947.

The Initial Life Story of Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi was the youngest son of Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi (1822-1885) and Putlibai (1844-1891). Although he had only primary education, Karamchand was known for his skills and hard work and served as Diwan of the princely state of Porbandar (Gujarat).

In 1874 Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi went to Rajkot to serve as an adviser to Maharaja in Rajkot. In 1876, he was appointed Diwan of Rajkot. The initial Gandhiji training took place in Porbandar.

He was an average student who won the award but was very shy and introverted. Gandhiji was strongly inspired by the stories of Shravana Kumar and Satyavadi Raja Harish Chandra, which played an essential role in shaping his career and goals.

Mahatma Gandhi was also profoundly influenced by his Mother Putlibai, who was an ardent devotee, beginning her work with prayer. She is also known for maintaining two to three uninterrupted posts per week.

Gandhiji married Kasturbai Makhanji Kapadia at the age of 13, and then at age of14 in May 1883. Their first son died early. He survived only a few days. They had four sons, Harilal (1888), Manilal (1892), Ramdas (1897) and Devdas (1900).

Gandhi Ji graduated from college in Ahmedabad in November 1887 and enrolled in college at Samaldas College Bhavnagar, but dropped out to join his family in Porbandar.

A graduate of law from London

Mavji Dave Joshiji, a brahmana, and friend of the Gandhi family suggested Mahatma Gandhi go to London to obtain a degree from the Inner Temple in London.

Although Gandhiji willingly agreed, his mother Putlibai was adamant not sending him to London, fearing that he would go for alcohol and meat. However, it gradually subsided when Gandhiji gave the word to refrain from alcohol, meat, and women.

At the age of 22, June 1891, Gandhiji returned to India and started layer practice.

Lawyer practice by Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhiji left London for India on June 1891. He practiced as a lawyer in Mumbai for a short time, but he failed because he could not interrogate witnesses.

He then returned to Rajkot, where he prepared petitions for trial parties to earn modestly, but was forced to stop working because of a conflict with a British officer.

A civil rights activist in South Africa (1893–1914)

During his apprenticeship in Rajkot, a wealthy Muslim merchant from Kathiawar, Dada Abdullah, approached Gandhi Ji.

Abdullah ran a successful forwarding business in South Africa and needed a lawyer, preferably from the Kathiawar region, to handle the case in South Africa. Gandhiji asked about his salary and found it satisfactory. In 1893 he went to Johannesburg (South Africa).

Upon arriving in South Africa, Gandhiji witnessed racial discrimination based on skin color. He was thrown out from the first-class compartment of the train he boarded and protested, sitting at the station all night, shaking with cold, but refusing to board another train.

He could board the next day, but the incident impressed him profoundly and sowed the seeds of civil rights movements in South Africa and India.

The case in which Gandhi Ji went to Africa ended in 1894. The Indian merchant community organized a fair well for Gandhiji and was persuaded to extend his stay to legally assist buyers and workers, as most were not well educated and barely read or wrote in English. With the trust and responsibility given to him by the Indian community, Mahatma Gandhi agreed to stay there.

During his stay in South Africa, he fought for the civil rights of the Natal Indians, demanding for them equal status as white people. He fought discrimination in travel, hotels, and other public places. Gandhiji founded the Native Indian Congress in 1894, for promoting equivalent human rights in South Africa for Indians.

Later, he also struggled for the voting rights of the indigenous people of Africa and led many protests for the “right to vote.” Gandhi Ji was proclaimed a national hero when black Africans gained the right to vote in 1894, and many statues of Mahatma Gandhi can still be seen in South Africa.

Indian Independence Movement (1915–1947):

Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915 and was furious at the crowded politics of the British Empire. He fought for unfair tax laws applied to Indians by the British government, strictly following his policy of non-violence and civil disobedience. The Honorary Mahatma (Great Soul) was first handed over to him by Rabindranath Tagore on the 6th of March 1915.

Gandhiji beat up an essential role during World War I, appealing to Indian youth to enlist in the army for defense. Mahatma Gandhi assumed the leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1931. He organized protests against oppressive politics and unfair tax regulations of the British Empire.

Some are Champaran’s excitement, Kher’s excitement, the Khilafat movement, and the non-cooperative movements are some of the significant moves he led. He led the Dandi march, protesting against taxes charged by the British administration on salt production by the Indians in the coastal city of Dandi (Gujarat).

The Dandi march was aimed at producing salt from seawater, as was commonly practiced by Indians, especially coastal regions, to meet their salt needs. The Dandi march lasted 25 days from the 12th of March 1930. To the 6th of April 1930, the British rulers finally bowed to the protests.

Besides Salt Satyagraha he also organized many protests against the British Empire, such as the Swadeshi Movement, the Quit India Movement, and various others, leading India to the path of total independence or “Purna Swaraj” or Self-Governance.

‘Gave us freedom, without a shield and a sword Saint of Sabarmati, you did fantastically. ‘

It is popularly saying about Gandhiji:

Post-Independence

Because of the division of India and Pakistan, millions of people were crossing borders in hope to ensure the security of the religious majority. Massive mass riots followed, and millions from both sides lost their lives.

While other national leaders celebrated independence , Gandhi traveled to distant places in Punjab and Bengal, encouraging people to resort to peace and non-violence.

Death of the Father of the Nation – Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi had many fast strikes during the Independence Movement. One of his last was the demand for money from the newly created Pakistan, as agreed by the Indian government.

The Indian government paid Pakistan 25 crowns out of 75 crowns but refused to pay the remaining amount after the Pakistani army attacked Jammu and Kashmir.

The Indian government believed that Pakistani forces would use the money against India. However, Gandhiji was against the decision, stating this would mean a return to an agreement between them.

He sat on the fast until his death or until his demands were met. He was shot dead by Hindu radical Nathuram Godse in 1948, who thought Gandhi’s support of Pakistan was anti-Indian.

Conclusion:

Throughout his life, Mahatma Gandhi fought for civil rights, strictly followed the principles of nonviolence and civil disobedience.

He was the most exceptional leader of Indian descent who fought for the civil rights of Indians and the indigenous people of South Africa when he was in South Africa and played a vital role in the Indian independence movement.

His appeal to the masses brought him names such as Mahatma, Bapu and was proclaimed Father of the Nation. His birthday on the 2nd of October is celebrated as a national holiday in India and International Day against violence around the world.

Hope you liked this Essay on Mahatma Gandhi for students.

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi In English for Students and Children

Key Points To Remember When Writing An Essay On Mahatma Gandhi

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Mahatma Gandhi is a popular historical figure. He is known as the father of our nation and is well-regarded by all the citizens of the country and people worldwide. Most Indian children are familiar with Gandhiji and learn about his contribution to the Indian freedom struggle in school. Students may be asked to write an essay on Gandhiji as a class exercise or for a test or competition. For this assignment, they will need to learn and remember facts about his life and how he fought for India’s independence. This may sound challenging for some children, but with guidance, they will be able to write this essay on their own. Here is an essay on Mahatma Gandhi for classes 1, 2 and 3 that will help school children with their assignments.

Writing an essay includes preparation and strategies. To begin with an essay, we need to understand the topic of the essay. When we are aware of the topic of the essay, we can write the essay easily. Whether you are planning to write a small essay, a long essay, or just a few lines about Mahatma Gandhi, gathering information firsthand will help you a lot. You begin your essay by giving an introduction of Mahatma Gandhi, his place of birth, his life and about his personal life. Next, you can talk about his professional life, his studies and achievements, and what contributions he made to the nation’s independence. Finally, you can conclude the essay with how his life teachings inspire today’s generations and how you can still use those teachings in today’s life and influence others.

The essay about Mahatma Gandhi is slightly different from essays on general topics. For these kinds of topics, children need to remember accurate facts and weave a good narrative. If you are looking for good facts and figures in the form of some lines on Mahatma Gandhi, then the following is for you. Here are some important points to remember:

Before starting the essay, it is important to remember facts such as names, places, events and dates accurately.

For short essays, stick to facts about Gandhi and do not dive deep into any specific topics.

For longer essays, start the introduction about the importance of the man in Indian history.

Talk about his early life and work and transition to the ideology of Gandhiji.

Finally, end the essay with his impact on the nation and how he inspired people.

Children of lower primary classes may be asked to write a short essay on Mahatma Gandhi. They can start by jotting down the facts they remember about him and writing them in simple sentences. Students will have to memorise a few dates and facts to be able to write this essay. Below are the top ten factual lines about Mahatma Gandhi that will help you write a perfect essay on Gandhiji, the national personality:

Mahatma Gandhi is well-known as a freedom fighter and the father of our nation. He is popularly called Bapu.

He was born in Porbandar, Gujarat on October 2, 1869.

His father’s name was Karamchand Gandhi, and his mother’s name was Putlibai Gandhi.

Gandhiji was married to Kasturba Kapadia.

He went to London to pursue his higher education.

He worked in South Africa as a civil rights activist and fought against racial discrimination.

In 1915 he started the Indian National Congress party.

Gandhiji was a firm believer in ahimsa , which means non-violence, and followed the path of satya vachan, which means being truthful.

As a leader of the freedom struggle, he began his first anti-British movement in 1917.

He was shot to death on January 30, 1948.

Before we begin with an essay in 100 or 200 words, we should first practice with paragraph writing. This is why we bring you a short paragraph on Mahatma Gandhi. Let’s look at the paragraph on this national personality.

Mahatma Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, India, is one of India’s most iconic historical figures. He has several monikers, such as ‘the Father of the Nation’, ‘Bapu’ , ‘Mahatma’, ‘Rashtrapita’ , and many more. Gandhiji is popular for his non-violence (Ahimsa) and civil disobedience philosophy. He is also known for his simplicity, truthfulness, and dedication to social justice. Lakhs of people joined Mahatma Gandhi in his journey to free India from the colonial rule. He and his supporters organised movements like the Dandi March (Salt March) and the Quit India Movement, which eventually led to India’s independence in 1947. He was assassinated on January 30, 1948, but his principles and message endure as a beacon of hope and unity.

When asked to write a short essay on Mahatma Gandhi, students can list the highlights they remember about Gandhiji’s life and weave them into a paragraph. Here is a sample essay on Mahatma Gandhi in 200 words:

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is the most popular historical figure in the nation. He was born in Porbandar, Gujarat, on October 2, 1869. His family was affluent, and he had a good reputation as a quiet-natured boy. He went to London for his higher education, where he studied law and became a Barrister. He practised law at the Bombay High Court upon his return to India.

Gandhiji later moved to South Africa to work but soon lost interest in law. Instead, he joined hands with the natives there to start satyagraha – a non-violent protest against the oppression of the Europeans. He soon returned to India and joined the struggle for independence from British rule.

He was a simple man who taught simplicity and self-reliance to the people in India. He encouraged them to boycott foreign goods and make their own swadeshi goods. He was loved and respected by people of all communities.

As a freedom fighter, Gandhi was a man of firm conviction. During his freedom struggle, the British had put him in jail several times, where he endured extreme hardships. To honour his role in the freedom struggle, his birthday is observed as a national holiday to pay homage to him and all others who stood with him.

A long essay on Gandhi requires students to know and remember several details on his life and write them with a good narrative. Writing a Mahatma Gandhi essay in English in 500 words and more is not a difficult task. Here is a sample essay for class 3 students on Mahatma Gandhi:

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, also called Mahatma Gandhi, is the father of our nation. He was a freedom fighter, national leader, and social reformer who worked tirelessly to make India independent. Famous poet Rabindranath Tagore gave him the title of Mahatma. In Sanskrit, ‘Mahatma’ means ‘Great Soul’. He was given this name for his non-violent approach to the freedom movement, contributions to social reform, and convictions to lead a simple life. Since his time, Gandhiji and his philosophy have inspired all social reform movements.

Birth And Childhood

Mahatma Gandhi, aka Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was born on 2 October 1869 in the small town of Porbandar, Gujarat. His father, Karamchand Uttamchand Gandhi, was the Diwan of Porbandar and Rajkot and also a court official in Porbandar. Born to a religious woman, Putlibai Gandhi, Mahatma Gandhi became one of the top representatives in India’s struggle for independence from British colonial rule, known for his philosophy of non-violence (Ahimsa) and civil disobedience.

Marriage And Education

Gandhiji was raised with simplicity, although he was from an affluent family. He was a firm believer in non-violence, which was reflected in his approach to anything he did. Gandhiji went to England in 1888 to study law and become a barrister. After Gandhiji moved to Africa as a lawyer, he soon quit his profession to join the local people in their struggle against European oppression. He spent 20 years fighting discrimination in South Africa before returning to India.

Contribution To India’s Independence

The people who followed him loved his ideology of ‘ Ahimsa ‘ or non-violence. He realised early on that there was a great force in the philosophy of non-violence at a mass level for the freedom movement. He believed in self-reliance and made his own clothes, which started the ‘ Khadi movement’. He urged Indians to boycott foreign products and make their own instead to increase self-reliance. The British put him in jail many times because of his strong stand.

His efforts, combined with the sacrifices of all freedom fighters, were successful, and India gained independence. Mahatma Gandhi and his non-violent approach have been appreciated throughout history, and he became a global role model. His legacy extends beyond India’s borders, inspiring movements for civil rights, freedom, and social change worldwide. Bapu’s teachings and practices continue to be a model of inspiration for those advocating peace, justice, and human rights. He will continue to inspire people everywhere to build a better and more just world for generations to come.

Mahatma Gandhi led several successful campaigns and movements in his time to achieve independence from the colonial government, Let’s talk about some of the major movements of Gandhiji in detail:

1. Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha (1917 – 1918)

Gandhi’s early Satyagrahas (non-violent resistance) in Champaran and Kheda addressed issues faced by indigo and cotton farmers, respectively. Due to meagre agriculture production and crop failure due to unfavourable weather along with high taxation, the situation of farmers deteriorated drastically. Along with farmers and several supporters, Mahatma Gandhi started protests and strikes that eventually led to the British noting the farmers’ demands and doing what was needful for them.

2. Khilafat Movement (1919)

Mahatma Gandhi supported the Khilafat Movement, started by Ali brothers in Turkey against the unfair treatment of Turkey after the First World War, which aimed to protect the Ottoman Empire’s caliphate. He presided over the All India Conference in Delhi and even returned the awards he achieved in the British Empire’s South Africa. He came to the limelight of many Indians for his doings against the British empire, which eventually strengthened his position as a national leader.

3. Non-Cooperation Movement (1920)

The Civil Disobedience Movement aimed to fight unjust laws peacefully with the assistance from the Congress. Under the leadership of Gandhiji, several Indians refused to obey certain British laws and pay taxes. People began boycotting British goods and services, which resulted in mass arrests and heightened global awareness. However, after the Chauri Chaura incident with the killing of 23 police officers, Gandhiji put a stop to the movement.

4. Civil-Disobedience Movement (1930)

The Non-Cooperation Movement aimed at the boycotting of British institutions, schools, and goods by Indians. Several students dropped out of college, and many government employees quit their British jobs. People also boycotted imported clothing, refused to pay taxes, held protests, etc. Millions of people supported and participated in this movement, and it marked a turning point in India’s fight for independence.

5. Quit India Movement (1942)

The Quit India Movement in 1942 finally demanded to put an immediate end to British rule in India. Gandhiji started this movement on August 8, 1942, during World War II, calling it “Quit India”. Because of this movement, several representatives of the Indian National Congress were arrested by the British government, eventually leading to widespread protests and strikes. In the end, the British government decided to surrender control to India and exit from India.

Writing about Mahatma Gandhi in a school essay is an important assignment for children. Being one of India’s most regarded historical personalities, it is beneficial for them to learn about his life and role in India’s freedom struggle for academics and as a proud citizen of the country. This topic is more factual, so students will have to write based on their knowledge rather than their feelings or imagination. In this essay, children will learn how to memorise facts and write a composition on them for exams and assignments. They will learn how to weave a good story about a person in history and explain the relevance to the present.

Here are some facts about Mahatma Gandhi that will surely help your kids:

Although Mahatma Gandhiji’s real name is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, people across the nation address him as ‘Bapu’ in Gujarati, as it is entitled as the ‘Father of the Nation.’

Before fighting for India’s independence, Mahatma Gandhi worked as a barrister.

Albert Einstein admired Gandhiji very much. After Bapu’s death, the scientist quotes, ‘Generations to come will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth.’

Gandhiji followed a simplistic life and wore hand-spun khadi cloth.

Mahatma Gandhi had four children – Manilal, Harilal, Devdas, and Ramdas.

There are several roads and streets named in honour of Gandhiji.

In 1930, Bapu was accredited with the Time Magazine Man of the Year.

To date, Indian currency notes bear the photo monogram of Mahatma Gandhi.

Inspired by Gandhiji’s non-violence philosophy, Martin Luther fought for civil rights peacefully in the United States.

On January 30, 1948, Mahatma Gandhi was tragically assassinated by a man named Nathuram Godse.

1. How did Gandhi’s Philosophy Influence Other Leaders?

Gandhiji’s philosophy of non-violence (Ahimsa) and peaceful protests have a profound influence on leaders across the world. Martin Luther King Jr. Adopted Gandhiji’s principles to fight against racial segregation and discrimination peacefully in the United States. Similarly, Nelson Mandela from South Africa took inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi’s principles to seek justice against apartheid and racial oppression. Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi took Gandhi’s non-violence philosophy as a role model for her campaign for democratic reforms and human rights. Other world leaders who took inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi include Desmond Tutu (South Africa), Lech Wałęsa (Poland), Cesar Chavez (USA), and more.

2. How can Gandhi’s Ideals be Applied in Today’s World?

Children can adopt the philosophies of non-violence (ahimsa), truthfulness (satya), self-discipline (tapasya), and service to others (seva) from Gandhiji. Children can learn to always speak the truth, be kind to people, and always lend a helping hand to people in need.

3. What are Some Famous Books Written by Mahatma Gandhi?

‘ My Experiments With Truth’ is a renowned autobiography penned by Mahatma Gandhi. Other popular books written by him include ‘The Young India’, ‘Hind Swaraj’, and India of My Dreams.’

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Essay On Mahatma Gandhi In 1000+ Words

Essay On Mahatma Gandhi

Hello, My Dear Friends, Jai Hind , In this Essay on Mahatma Gandhi we will read about his journey from Mohandas to Mahatma Gandhi in detail. So…

Let’s Start…

Gandhi Ji was born in Porbandar (Gujarat), on 2 Oct 1869. He was the son of Putli Bai and Karamchand Gandhi.

The father of Mahatma Gandhi became the Deewaans of the state. he gets services mainly from Porbandar and Rajkot. at this time, Gandhi Ji got married to Kasturba.

In 1888, Gandhi Ji goes to London and follows the Anglicised approach.

In 1889, Eventually, Gandhi Ji studies towards religion. it is also known as the enlightenment phase of Mahatma Gandhi’s life.

In 1891, he completes his education and comes back to India and practiced in the High court. he does a lot of struggle but finally, they don’t get any case, so he shifts from Bombay to Rajkot.

The first time, In 1893 Gandhiji was gone to South Africa. he was called by Gujarati businessman Dada Abdullah to settle some issues as a lawyer.

In South Africa, Gandhi landed in a place called Durban. Durban is a port of Africa.

On 7th June 1893, during traveling from the train the incident of racism Gandhiji takes place in South Africa.

In 1894, the Natal Indian Congress was the first body that was established by Gandhi Ji. And he was the first Indian Person who enrolled at the African supreme court.

In 1896, he come back to Rajkot and published “The Green Pamphlet” which shows the conditions of the Indian Community in South Africa.

In 1897, Gandhi Ji sails back to South Africa and participate in the Boer war (between French and British).

In 1899, he has established the ambulance corps and he was also awarded by medal by the British.

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In 1901 Gandhiji sails back to India. In Dec of this year, he attends the congress Calcutta session and raises Indian issues in South Africa.

In 1902, he come in contact with Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Gokhale was also known as the political guru of Mahatma Gandhi.

during this time he was called back to South Africa, due to the anti-Asiatic act(It is a form of ID Card which is required to carry by the Indian community).

In 1903, he established a transversal British India association in South Africa and started to publish a newspaper called Indian opinion.

In 1904, Mahatma Gandhi read john Ruskin’s book called Unto this last.

And he established phoenix Indian Settlement and also published an article called a guide to health.

In 1905, when the participation of Bengal took place then mahatma Gandhi criticized Lord Curzon as a part of Indian opinion(Newspaper). And said Curzon was wrong, the Bengali people had the right to the determination whether they want to divide or not.

In 1906, this phase is known as the transformation phase of Mahatma Gandhi. since now he is disinterested in worldly possessions and adopts the Brahmacharya vow and decides that He will protest the British by passive resistance oath.

During 1907-1908, he writes a series of 8 articles in Gujarati on “ethical religion”. at this time ‘Satyagrah’ was used instead of ‘Passive resistance’.

In 1909, Gandhiji sails to England, in this time Gandhiji writes to ‘Tolstoy’ on passive resistance and Tolstoy personally replied to Mahatma Gandhi on the basis of this reply Gandhiji established ‘Tolstoy Farm’. It says that it was the

ashram system was established by Gandhi when they came back to India.

The period of (1911-14) is very much important because Gandhi Ji started so many ‘Satyagraha.

In 1912, Gopal Krishna Gokhale visits south Africa with mahatma Gandhi and at this time. Gandhi Ji gives up the western dress.

During 1913-14, two main Satyagrah is started by Mahatma Gandhi.

one of them is against the supreme court judgment in South Africa. the supreme court of South Africa says that any marriage which is not according to the Christian rituals is nullifying.

and the second one is that Gandhiji starts satyagraha against poll taX (3 pounds) indentured laborers and also protest against inter-state migration.

In Jan 1915 Gandhi reaches Indian and this day is called India Pravasi Bhartiya divas.it is celebrated every two years.

In May 1915, Gandhi Ji makes Asharam on Ahmedabad, and later it was shifted to Sabarmati (1917).

During (1915-16) Gandhi visits the whole of India called ‘Bharat Darshan’.

In april 1917, he started Champaran satyagrah.

In 1918, Gandhiji started Champaran Satyagraha(mill worker) and Kheda Satyagraha (peasant).

On 6 April 1919, he started Rowlett satyagraha, the Rowlett Satyagrah is also known as ‘Himalayan Blunder.

The massacre of Jallianwala bagh happened on 13 April 1919.

In 1920, he started the khilafat movement. during this period, Gandhiji established Gujarat Vidyapeeth.

In 1921, Bal Gangadhar Tilak was dead at the time of the Non-cooperation movement. Gandhiji formed a fund called Tilak Swaraj Fund.

During the Non-Cooperation movement, Gandhiji visits Madurai (Tamilnadu) and discards their full clothes.

In 1922, the Chauri-Chaura incident take place in Gorakhpur(UP), Gandhiji was arrested and sent to jail(Yerwada) Pune, for six years.

In 1924, Gandhiji was released from jail due to ill health. during this period Gandhiji was the president of the congress at the Belgaum session (1924).

In 1925, Gandhiji started published its 2nd newspaper called ‘Young India’ in which he talked about 7 sins. at this time he also established the All India Spinners Association.

In 1928, he encouraged Anti Simon Protest.

In 1929, during the Lahore session of congress gives slogans of Purna swaraj.

On 12th March 1930, Gandhiji started salt satyagraha and on 6th April 1930, he has broken the salt law.

In March 1931, the meeting held between Gandhiji and viceroy Irwin in Delhi called the Gandhi-Irwin pact. it is also known as the Delhi pact.

In Sep-Nov 1931, Gandhiji attend second round table conference

In Jan 1932, the civil disobedience movement (2.0) start due to communal awards. for its Gandhiji fasting in jail. later on, the pact between Gandhiji and Bhimrao Ambedkar was called Poona Pact.

In 1936, Gandhiji settle the Sevagram ashram in central India (Wardha).

In 1939, Gandhiji fasts in Rajkot against their own princely state.

In 1940-42, Gandhiji criticized Cripps’s mission said that it is a post-dated cheque.

On 8th-9th Aug 1942, he started Quit India Movement.

The leader of the Indian National Army (INA) Subashchandra Bose addressed Mahatma Gandhi as a ‘Bapu’ on the radio.

And the title of ‘Mahatma’ was given by Rabindranath Tagore to Gandhiji.

In Aug 1942, Gandhiji writes ‘around me is utter darkness.

During this period the riots in the whole of India become increases mainly in Bengal.

In Sep 1947, Gandhiji against fasting in Calcutta, and the riots become stopped because of his appeal. it is also known as the ‘Calcutta Miracle’.

On 12th Jan 1948, Fasting leads to the establishment of the Central Peace Committee called peace pledge.

On 20 January(10 days before his death) a person named Madan Lal throws a Bomb on Gandhiji During prayer at Birlahouse.

On 30th June 1948, in the morning Gandhiji said that Congress renamed Congress Seva Sangh. But, Unfortunately at evening prayer, he was assassinated on way…. by Nathuram Godse.

Later on, the thought of Nathuram Godse was published as a book called ‘May it Please Your Honour’.

At last, Nathuram Godse was hanged at Ambala jail.

If you have any queries regarding the Essay on Mahatma Gandhi , so please mention it in the comment section.

Finally, Thanks For Reading “ Essay On Mahatma Gandhi “.

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in English for Children and Students

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in English: Mahatma Gandhi was an influential political leader in India who is best known for leading the country’s nonviolent resistance movement against British colonialism. After studying law in England, Gandhi returned to India and became a prominent leader of the Indian National Congress. He advocated for India’s independence from British rule and promoted a philosophy of non-violent resistance. Gandhi was arrested numerous times by the British authorities, but he continued to lead protests and campaigns against British rule. In 1947, India finally achieved independence, and Gandhi played a key role in the country’s transition to democracy. He was assassinated in 1948 by a Hindu extremist.

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Below, we have provided simple essays on Mahatma Gandhi , a person who would always live in the heart of the Indian people. Every kid and child of India knows him by the name of Bapu, or Father of the Nation. Using the following Mahatma Gandhi essay, you can help your kids, and school-going children perform better in school during any competition or exam.

Long and Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in English

Below are short and long essays on Mahatma Gandhi in English for your information and knowledge.

The essays have been written in simple yet effective English so that you can quickly grasp and present the information whenever needed.

After going through these Mahatma Gandhi essays, you will learn about the life and ideals of Mahatma Gandhi, the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, what role he played in the freedom struggle, and why is he the most respected leader in the world over; how his birthday is celebrated, etc.

The information given in the essays will be helpful in speech giving, essay writing, or speech-providing competition on the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti.

Also Read: Independence Day Speech for Students

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 1 (100 words)

Mahatma Gandhi is famous in India as “Bapu” or “Rastrapita.” His full name of him is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was a great freedom fighter who led India as a leader of nationalism against British rule. He was born on the 2 nd of October in 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat, India.

He died on the 30 th of January in 1948. M.K. Gandhi was assassinated by the Hindu activist Nathuram Godse, who was hanged later as a punishment by the government of India. Rabindranath Tagore has given him another name, “Martyr of the Nation,” since 1948.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 2 (150 words)

Mahatma Gandhi is called Mahatma because of his great works and greatness throughout his life. He was a great freedom fighter and non-violent activist who always followed non-violence throughout his life while leading India to independence from British rule.

He was born on the 2 nd of October 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat, India. He was just 18 years old while studying law in England. Later he went to the British colony of South Africa to practice his law, where he got differentiated from the light skin people because of being a dark skin person. That’s why he decided to become a political activist to make some positive changes in such unfair laws.

Later he returned to India and started a powerful and non-violent movement to make India an independent country. He was the one who led the Salt March (Namak Satyagrah or Salt Satyagrah or Dandi March) in 1930. He inspired many Indians to work against British rule for their independence.

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Mahatma Gandhi Essay 3 (200 words)

Mahatma Gandhi was an outstanding personality in India who still inspires the people in the country and abroad through his legacy of greatness, idealness, and dignified life. Bapu was born in a Hindu family in Porbandar, Gujarat, India, on the 2 nd of October in 1869. The 2 nd of October was the great day for India when Bapu took birth. He paid an incredible and unforgettable role in the independence of India from British rule. The full name of the Bapu is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He went to England for his law study just after passing his matriculation examination. Later he returned to India as a lawyer in 1890.

After he arrived in India, he started helping Indian people facing various problems from British rule. He started a Satyagraha movement against the British government to help Indians. Other significant movements initiated by the Bapu for the independence of India are the Non-cooperation movement in 1920, the Civil Dis the obedience movement in 1930, and the Quit India movement in 1942. All the movements had shaken the British rule in India and inspired many everyday Indian citizens to fight for freedom.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 4 (250 words)

Bapu, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was born 1869 on the 2 nd of October at Porbander in Gujarat, India. Mahatma Gandhi was a great Indian who led India in the independence movement against British rule. He completed his schooling in India and went to England for further study of law. He returned to India as a lawyer and started practicing law. He started helping the people of India who were humiliated and insulted by British rule.

He started the non-violence independence movement to fight against the injustice of Britishers. He was insulted many times but continued his non-violent struggle for the Independence of India. After his return to India, he joined Indian National Congress as a member. He was the great leader of the Indian independence movement who struggled a lot for the freedom of India. As a member of the Indian National Congress, he started independence movements like Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, and later Quit India Movement, which became successful a day and helped India get freedom.

As a great freedom fighter, he got arrested and sent to jail many times, but he continued fighting against British rule for the justice of Indians. He was a great believer in non-violence and unity of people of all religions, which he followed through his struggle for independence. After many battles with many Indians, he finally became successful in making India an independent country on the 15 th of August in 1947. Later he was assassinated in 1948 on the 30 th of January by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu activist.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 5 (300 words)

Mahatma Gandhi was a great freedom fighter who spent his whole life in a struggle for the independence of India. He was born in an Indian Hindu family on the 2 nd of October in 1869 in Porbander, Gujarat. He lived his whole as a leader of the Indian people. His whole life story is a great inspiration for us. He is called the Bapu or Rashtrapita as he spent his life fighting against British rule for our freedom of us. While fighting with Britishers, he took the help of his great weapons like non-violence and Satyagraha movements to achieve independence. He was arrested and sent to jail many times but never discouraged himself and continued fighting for national freedom.

He is the birth father of our nation who used all his power to make us free from British rule. He understood the power of unity in people (from different castes, religions, communities, races, ages, or gender), which he used throughout his independence movement. Finally, he forced Britishers to quit India forever through his mass movements on the 15 th of August in 1947. Since 1947, India’s 15th of August has been celebrated as Independence Day th of August has been celebrated as Independence Day in India.

He could not continue his life after the independence of India in 1947 as he was assassinated by one of the Hindu activists, Nathuram Godse, in 1948 on the 30 th of January. He was a great personality who served his whole life till death for the motherland. He enlightened our life with the true light of freedom from British rule. He proved that everything is possible with the non-violence and unity of people. Even after dying many years ago, he is still alive in the heart of every Indian as a “Father of the Nation and Bapu.”

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 6 (400 words)

Mahatma Gandhi is well known as the “Father of the Nation or Bapu” because of his most significant contributions toward our country’s independence. He was the one who believed in the non-violence and unity of the people and brought spirituality to Indian politics. He worked hard the remove the untouchability in the Indian society , upliftment of the backward classes in India, raised his voice to develop villages for social development, and inspired Indian people to use swadeshi goods and other social issues. He brought familiar people in front to participate in the national movement and encouraged them to fight for their actual freedom.

He was one of the persons who converted people’s dream of independence into truth day through his noble ideals and supreme sacrifices. He is remembered for his wondrous works and primary virtues such as non-violence, truth, love, and fraternity. He was not born as excellent, but he made himself great through his hard struggles and work. The life of King Harischandra highly influenced him from the play titled Raja Harischandra. After schooling, he completed his law degree in England and began his career as a lawyer. He faced many difficulties in his life but continued walking as a great leader.

He started many mass movements like the Non-cooperation movement in 1920, the civil disobedience movement in 1930, and finally the Quit India Movement in 1942, throughout the way to independence of India. After many struggles and work, the British Government finally granted independence to India. He was a straightforward person who worked to remove the color barrier and caste barrier. He also worked hard to remove the untouchability in the Indian society and named untouchables as “Harijan” means the people of God.

He was a great social reformer and Indian freedom fighter who died a day after completing his aim of life. He inspired Indian people for the manual labour and said that arrange all the resource ownself for living a simple life and becoming self-dependent. He started weaving cotton clothes through the use of Charakha in order to avoid the use of videshi goods and promote the use of Swadeshi goods among Indians.

He was a strong supporter of the agriculture and motivated people to do agriculture works. He was a spiritual man who brought spirituality to the Indian politics. He died in 1948 on 30 th of January and his body was cremated at Raj Ghat, New Delhi. 30 th of January is celebrated every year as the Martyr Day in India in order to pay homage to him.

Essay on Non-violence of Mahatma Gandhi – Essay 7 (800 Words)

Introduction

Non-violence or ‘ahimsa’ is a practice of not hurting anyone intentionally or unintentionally. It is the practice professed by great saints like Gautam Buddha and Mahaveer. Mahatma Gandhi was one of the pioneer personalities to practice non-violence. He used non-violence as a weapon to fight the armed forces of the British Empire and helped us to get independence without lifting a single weapon.

Role of Non-violence in Indian Freedom Struggle

The role of non-violence in the Indian freedom struggle became prominent after the involvement of Mahatma Gandhi. There were many violent freedom struggles going on concurrently in the country and the importance of these cannot be neglected either. There were many sacrifices made by our freedom fighters battling against the British rule. But non-violence was a protest which was done in a very peaceful manner and was a great way to demand for the complete independence. Mahatma Gandhi used non-violence in every movement against British rule. The most important non-violence movements of Mahatma Gandhi which helped to shake the foundation of the British government are as follows.

• Champaran and Kheda Agitations

In 1917 the farmers of Champaran were forced by the Britishers to grow indigo and again sell them at very cheap fixed prices. Mahatma Gandhi organized a non-violent protest against this practice and Britishers were forced to accept the demand of the farmers.

Kheda village was hit by floods in 1918 and created a major famine in the region. The Britishers were not ready to provide any concessions or relief in the taxes. Gandhiji organized a non-cooperation movement and led peaceful protests against the British administration for many months. Ultimately the administration was forced to provide relief in taxes and temporarily suspended the collection of revenue.

• Non-cooperation Movement

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the harsh British policies lead to the Non-cooperation movement in 1920. It was the non-violence protest against the British rule. Gandhiji believed that the main reason of the Britishers flourishing in India is the support they are getting from Indians. He pleaded to boycott the use of British products and promoted the use of ‘Swadeshi’ products. Indians denied working for the Britishers and withdrew themselves from the British schools, civil services, government jobs etc. People started resigning from the prominent posts which highly affected the British administration. The Non-Cooperation movement shook the foundation of the British rule and all these without a single use of any weapon. The power of non-violence was more evident in the non-cooperation movement.

• Salt Satyagrah or Salt March

Salt March or the ‘Namak Satyagrah’ was the non-violence movement led by Mahatma Gandhi against the salt monopoly of the Britishers. Britishers imposed a heavy taxation on the salt produce which affected the local salt production. Gandhiji started the 26 days non-violence march to Dandi village, Gujarat protesting against the salt monopoly of the British government. The Dandi march was started on 12 th March 1930 from Sabarmati Ashram and ended on 06 th April 1930 at Dandi, breaking the salt laws of the British government and starting the local production of salt. The Salt March was a non violent movement which got the international attention and which helped to concrete the foundation of Independent India.

• Quit India Movement

After the successful movement of the Salt March, the foundation of British government shook completely. Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 th August 1942 which demanded the Britishers to quit India. It was the time of World War II when Britain was already in war with Germany and the Quit India Movement acted as a fuel in the fire. There was a mass non-violent civil disobedience launched across the country and Indians also demanded their separation from World War II. The effect of Quit India Movement was so intense that British government agreed to provide complete independence to India once the war gets over. The Quit India Movement was a final nail in the coffin of the British rule in India.

These movements led by Mahatma Gandhi were completely Non-violent and did not use any weapon. The power of truth and non-violence were the weapons used to fight the British rule. The effect of non-violence was so intense that it gained the immediate attention of the international community towards the Indian independence struggle. It helped to reveal the harsh policies and acts of the British rule to the international audience.

Mahatma Gandhi always believed that weapons are not the only answer for any problem; in fact they created more problems than they solved. It is a tool which spreads hatred, fear and anger. Non-violence is one of the best methods by which we can fight with much powerful enemies, without holding a single weapon. Apart from the independence struggle; there are many incidents of modern times which exhibited the importance of non-violence and how it helped in bringing changes in the society and all that without spilling a single drop of blood. Hope the day is not very far when there will be no violence and every conflict and dispute will be solved through peaceful dialogues without harming anyone and shedding blood and this would be a greatest tribute to Mahatma Gandhi.

Long Essay on Mahatma Gandhi – Essay 8 (1100 Words)

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi aka ‘Mahatma Gandhi’ was one of the great sons of Indian soil who rose to become a great soul and gave major contribution in the great Indian freedom struggle against the British rule in India. He was a man of ideologies and a man with great patience and courage. His non-violence movements involved peaceful protests and non-cooperation with the British rule. These movements had a long term effects on the Britishers and it also helped India to grab the eye balls of global leaders and attracted the attention on the international platforms.

Family and Life of Mahatma Gandhi

• Birth and Childhood

Mahatma Gandhi was born as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi on 02 nd October, 1869 at Porbandar (which is in the current state of Gujarat). His father Karamchand Gandhi was working as the Chief Minister (diwan) of Porbandar at that time. His mother Putlibai was a very devotional and generous lady. Young Gandhi was a reflection of his mother and inherited high values, ethics and the feeling of sacrifice from her.

• Marriage and Education

Mohandas was married to Kasturba Makanji at a very young age of 13. In 1888, they were blessed with a baby boy and after which he sailed to London for higher studies. In 1893, he went to South Africa to continue his practice of law where he faced strong racial discrimination by the Britishers. The major incident which completely changed the young Gandhi was when he was forcibly removed from the first class compartment of a train due to his race and color.

• Civil Rights Movement in Africa

After the discrimination and embracement faced by Gandhi due to his race and color, he vowed to fight and challenge the racial discrimination of immigrants in South Africa. He formed Natal Indian Congress in 1894 and started fighting against racial discrimination. He fought for the civil rights of the immigrants in South Africa and spent around 21 years there.

• Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian Freedom Struggle

Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and joined Indian National Congress and started to raise voice against the British rule in India and demanded the complete independence or ‘Purn Swaraj’ for India. He started many non-violent movements and protests against Britishers and was also imprisoned various times in his long quest of freedom. His campaigns were completely non-violent without the involvement of any force or weapons. His ideology of ‘ahimsa’ meaning not to injure anyone was highly appreciated and was also followed by many great personalities around the globe.

Why was Gandhi called Mahatma?

‘Mahatma’ is a Sanskrit word which means ‘great soul’. It is said that it was Rabindranth Tagore who first used ‘Mahatma’ for Gandhi. It was because of the great thoughts and ideologies of Gandhi which made people honour him by calling ‘Mahatma Gandhi’. The great feeling of sacrifice, love and help he showed throughout his life was a matter of great respect for each citizen of India.

Mahatma Gandhi showed a lifelong compassion towards the people affected with leprosy. He used to nurse the wounds of people with leprosy and take proper care of them. In the times when people used to ignore and discriminate people with leprosy, the humanitarian compassion of Gandhi towards them made him a person with great feelings and a person with great soul justifying himself as Mahatma.

Mahatma Gandhi’s contribution on various social issues could never be ignored. His campaign against untouchability during his imprisonment in the Yerwada Jail where he went on fast against the age old evil of untouchability in the society had highly helped the upliftment of the community in the modern era. Apart from this, he also advocated the importance of education, cleanliness, health and equality in the society. All these qualities made him a man with great soul and justify his journey from Gandhi to Mahatma.

What are Gandhi’s accomplishments?

Mahatma Gandhi was a man with mission who not only fought for the country’s independence but also gave his valuable contribution in uprooting various evils of the society. The accomplishments of Mahatma Gandhi is summarized below:

• Fought against Racial Discrimination in South Africa

The racial discrimination in South Africa shocked Mahatma Gandhi and he vowed to fight against it. He challenged the law which denied the voting rights of the people not belonging to the European region. He continued to fight for the civil rights of the immigrants in South Africa and became a prominent face of a civil right activist.

• Face of the Indian Freedom Struggle

Mahatma Gandhi was the liberal face of independence struggle. He challenged the British rule in India through his peaceful and non-violent protests. The Champaran Satyagrah, Civil Disobedience Movement, Salt March, Quit India Movement etc are just the few non-violent movements led by him which shook the foundation of the Britishers in India and grabbed the attention of the global audience to the Indian freedom struggle.

• Uprooting the Evils of Society

Gandhi Ji also worked on uprooting various social evils in the society which prevailed at that time. He launched many campaigns to provide equal rights to the untouchables and improve their status in the society. He also worked on the women empowerment, education and opposed child marriage which had a long term effect on the Indian society.

What was Gandhi famous for?

Mahatma Gandhi was one of the great personalities of India. He was a man with simplicity and great ideologies. His non-violent way to fight a much powerful enemy without the use of a weapon or shedding a single drop of blood surprised the whole world. His patience, courage and disciplined life made him popular and attracted people from every corners of the world.

He was the man who majorly contributed in the independence of India from the British rule. He devoted his whole life for the country and its people. He was the face of the Indian leadership on international platform. He was the man with ethics, values and discipline which inspires the young generation around the globe even in the modern era.

Gandhi Ji was also famous for his strict discipline. He always professed the importance of self discipline in life. He believed that it helps to achieve bigger goals and the graces of ahimsa could only be achieved through hard discipline.

These qualities of the great leader made him famous not only in India but also across the world and inspired global personalities like Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King.

Mahatma Gandhi helped India to fulfill her dream of achieving ‘Purna Swaraj’ or complete independence and gave the country a global recognition. Though he left this world on 30 th January, 1948, but his ideologies and thoughts still prevail in the minds of his followers and act as a guiding light to lead their lives. He proved that everything is possible in the world if you have a strong will, courage and determination.

Get More Information About Mahatma Gandhi and his involvement

FAQs on Mahatma Gandhi

Who is Mahatma Gandhi?

Mahatma Gandhi was an influential political leader in India who is best known for leading the country's non-violent resistance movement against British colonialism.

Write Mahatma Gandhi essay in english?

Mahatma Gandhi was a man with mission who not only fought for the country’s independence but also gave his valuable contribution in uprooting various evils of the society.

When is Gandhi Jayanti?

The birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti. It is on 2nd October.

Who was Kasturba?

Kasturba was Gandhi's wife. He was married to Kasturba at a very young age of 13.

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Mahatma Gandhi was one of the most important freedom fighters who played a major role in India’s freedom struggle. His ideologies of ahimsa and satyagraha brought the Mighty British Empire on its keens, ultimately making India an independent country. His efforts to make India an independent and self-reliant country earned him the title of ‘The Father of Nation’. Every year, we celebrate his birthday on 2nd October as Gandhi Jayanti, where we recall his ideas of ahimsa, women empowerment, satyagraha, etc.

Essay on Mahatma Gandhi is a popular academic topic, assigned to students. To score better marks in an essay on Mahatma Gandhi, you must cover all dimensions of his life; his early life, profession, ideals, national movements, etc. On this page, we will provide you with an essay on Mahatma Gandhi in 500 words.

Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in 500 Words

‘Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat. His real name was ‘Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. At 18, Gandhi sailed from Bombay to London, where he attended the University College, London. Gandhi also had the intention of becoming a Barrister, so he enrolled at the Inns of Court School of Law in Inner Temple. In London, Gandhi joined a public speaking group to enhance his communication and English speaking skills.

Civil Rights in South Africa

At the age of 22, Gandhi completed his law degree and left for India. The next year, a Muslim merchant in Katiawar contacted Gandhi, to solve a legal problem in their sipping business in Johannesburg, South Africa. Gandhi spent 23 years of his life in South Africa, where he initially protected the interest of the Muslim merchant and then against skin color discrimination.

Gandhi was not allowed to sit with the European passengers, and if he resisted, he was beaten, kicked into a gutter, and thrown off a running train. Gandhi found this very humiliating and could not understand how people felt honoured by such inhuman practices. In South Africa, Gandhi fought for the voting rights of the Indians and Africans. He helped establish a political organization, the Natal Indian Congress. He prepared a legal brief in 1895 to seek voting rights for Indians. To gain the support of Africans, Gandhi, along with his colleagues, helped the Africans as nurses by opposing racism.

It was in South Africa where Gandhi established his newspaper, named Indian Opinion to share his ideas with the African Indian Community. In 1910, In 1910, he established an idealistic community named Tolstoy Farm near Johannesburg. It was these developments which helped the black South Africans to gain voting rights and Mahatma Gandhi was declared a National Hero.’

Return to India

‘On 9th January 1915, Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa. Before his arrival, he already become a nationalist figure. Upon his arrival in India, Gandhi took a nationwide tour, where he witnessed chaos and disorder everywhere. He declared Gopa Krishna Gokhale as his Political Guru.

Mahatma Gandhi started his nationalist moments with the Champaran Satyagraha in 1917, the Kheda Satyagraha and the Ahmedabad Mill Strike in 1918. Then came the Khilafat Movement, where he tried to unite the Hindus and Muslims.

Gandhi, in his book ‘Hind Swaraj’, wrote that the British rule in India was the result of Indian cooperation. He said that if the Indian masses refused to co-operate, the British rule would come to an end and India would become a free and independent nation. Therefore, he launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920. After this movement, India was sentenced to 6 years of imprisonment.

Other important movements by Gandhiji were the Civil Disobedience and the Quit India Movement. Gandhi believed in religious pluralism. It was his and his fellow India’s undying efforts which led to India’s independence on 15th August 1947.’

‘Gandhiji’s ideas of nonviolence, peaceful satyagraha, self-reliance, simple living and religious tolerance earned him fame not only in India but from other countries also. His ideals inspired the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 60s. His ideals have inspired the whole world to live in peace.’

10 Lines on Mahatma Gandhi

Here are 10 lines on Mahatma Gandhi. Students can add them to their essays on Mahatma Gandhi or similar writing topics.

1. Mahatma Gandhi’s birth anniversary is annually celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti on 2nd October.

2. Mahatma Gandhi was an important Indian freedom fighter.

3. He promoted the principle of nonviolence, or ‘ahimsa,’ as a powerful force for change.

4. Gandhi’s philosophy of ‘satyagraha’ emphasized the transformative power of truth and moral courage.

5. Mahatma Gandhi was a lawyer by profession.

6. Gandhi believed in economic self-reliance, encouraging the use of local products and cottage industries.

7. His life reflected a commitment to simple living and a rejection of materialism.

8. Religious tolerance was a core value for Gandhi, who championed the unity of all faiths.

9. Gandhi favoured the decentralization of political and economic power for community empowerment.

10. Gandhiji believed that education can help in character building and moral development.

10 Popular Quotes to Add in Essay on Mahatma Gandhi

Here are 10 popular quotes by Mahatma Gandhi.

1. ‘Be the change that you wish to see in the world.’

2. ‘The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.’

3. ‘You must be the change you want to see in the world.’

4. ‘An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.’

5. ‘The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.’

6. ‘Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.’

7. ‘Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony.’

8. ‘First, they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.’

9. ‘Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make mistakes.’

10. ‘The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated.’

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Essay on Mahatma Gandhi- FAQs

What is the short essay on mahatma gandhi.

‘Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat. His real name was ‘Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was one of the most influencial figure of the 20th century and his contributions made India an independent country. Mahatma Gandhi was known for his ideals and peaceful philosophies, such as non-violence, religious tolerance, self-reliant, etc. He led various nationalised movements, like the Champaran Satyagraha, Non Cooperation Movement, Civil Disoobedience and Quit India Movements.

What are some popular quotes by Mahatma Gandhi?

Some of the popular quotes by Gandhiji are: ‘Be the change that you wish to see in the world.’ ‘The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.’ ‘You must be the change you want to see in the world.’ ‘An eye for an eye only ends up making the whole world blind.’ ‘The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.’ ‘Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.’

What do you know about Mahatma Gandhi’s 10 important points?

Gandhiji was a peace lover. He believed in religious tolerance. He wanted to unite all religions and castes of India. He was a lawyer by profession. His efforts led to India’s independence. Gandhi believed in economic self-reliance, encouraging the use of local products and cottage industries. His life reflected a commitment to simple living and a rejection of materialism. Religious tolerance was a core value for Gandhi, who championed the unity of all faiths.

What are the names of books written by Mahatma Gandhi?

Some of the books written by Mahatma Gandhi are: The Story of My Experiments With Truth, Hind Swaraj or Indian Home, The Words of Gandhi, India of My Dreams, etc.

When did Mahatma Gandhi arrive in India from South Africa?

Mahatma Gandhi arrived in India from South Africa on 9th January 1915. 9th January is also celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Diwas every year.

This was all about an essay on Mahatma Gandhi. We hope this essay was able to cover all the dimensions of the given topic. For more information on such informative essay topics, visit GeekforGeeks.

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“Gandhi: His Life and Message for the World” by Louis Fischer Essay

Gandhi’s london year, indian national congress, subhas chandra bose, muslim league, gandhi on wealth and industrialization, former hindu caste system, works cited.

Gandhi arrived in London in October 1888, when he was about to celebrate his nineteenth birthday. He was financially stable to fund his education in the field of law. A month later after arriving in London, he got enrolled at the inner temple, which was among the main four in London. The inner temple is what is referred to as the University of London currently (Fischer, 46). His elders were against him going to London to pursue his education, but he single-mindedly achieved his objective of attaining a degree in law at the University of London. In 1891, he got himself enrolled in the high court of London but unfortunately, he left for India towards the end of that year.

Gandhi’s South African years

After leaving London, Gandhi stayed for one year and decided of accepting an offer by an Indian businessperson who was staying in South Africa. This businessman wanted Gandhi to become his legal advisor. Gandhi did not know that was the beginning of a long stay in South Africa for more than twenty years. Those Indians who were living in South Africa during that period were considered as less human beings (Fischer 63).

They were denied political rights, and being undermined, South Africans used to call them ” coolies.” Gandhi tried to make some efforts for the Indians to be considered as full human beings. There was a time he had purchased a first-class ticket for traveling in a first-class railway compartment vehicle but he was thrown out. He considered this as an initiative to stand as a leader of the Indian community.

Satyagraha (truth-force)

When Gandhi decided to break the silence of oppression of Indians in South Africa by fighting for their rights, that’s when he coined the term satyagraha for the very first time. This term defined his effort of eradicating the oppression of Indians through non-violent actions. He applied the truth to fight for Indians. Gandhi described himself as a seeker of truth, and that is the reason why he used to love in his claims and acted non-violently (Fischer 65). Gandhi as well wrote a book known as “satyagraha in South Africa” where he defined the truth behind fighting for the oppression of the Indians. For instance, issues of the poll tax on them, and the making of all non-Christian marriage unions unacceptable.

Brahmacharya (celibacy)

Gandhi in his process of seeking the freedom for Indians decided to apply celibacy, to strive well towards God. He wanted to apply both brahmacharya and Satyagraha to make both the oppressor and the oppressed to realize both of them have a common destiny and humanity. Gandhi had a great desire to see freedom for everyone (Fischer 66). His fear of God made him apply celibacy in his process of fighting for freedom.

Swaraj (Home Rule)

In 1909, Gandhi made his trip back to India. On his way, he wrote a short agreement that he named Hind swaraj that meant an Indian home rule. In this article, he started a criticism of modern life and that of industrial civilization. He arrived in his home country in 1915, with a promise that he would never leave the country again. However, in 1931, he made a short trip to Europe (Fischer 69).

The Indian national congress was revived in early 1930. The main theme of the movement was to gain satisfaction by acquiring complete independence from the British. Through this movement, Gandhi led people to initiate resistance against the oppression of the British in his nation. As the leader, he wrote a letter to Lord Irwin requesting the demands of Indians to be considered, failure to which he said he was ready to break the salt laws.

After handing over the letter, he started a journey to Dandi on the sea together with some of his followers (Fischer 102). Gandhi arrived on the sea on the 5 th of April. The entire British group was amused by the plans of Gandhi, as they monopolized on producing and selling salt. British considered this as a disobedience movement, and they arrested Gandhi together with his followers. A positive move was realized when Irwin decided to have a talk with Gandhi that led to the British negotiation of Indian independence.

Subhas Chandra Bose, was the serving leader of the congress when Gandhi was away. He had taken this opportunity when the issue of salt by Gandhi weakened the British. His leadership was against the wish of Gandhi and his followers. He realized this when he found that Gandhi still had the power to influence the working committee of the congress (Fischer 103). He discovered it was impossible for him to rule, as he failed to win the support of Gandhi and his followers. Shortly after, Bose resigned and escaped from India to Japan to search for support for his plans to set India free.

The Muslim league existed between 1942 and 1945. This group had the main theme of representing the interests and wishes of certain groups of Muslims. They wanted a separate reservation for Muslims. During this period of its existence, it greatly gained the consideration of the British whereby; it was supported in its effort to gain a new homeland (Fischer 115). Through this Muslim league, there was a fight between the Hindus and the Muslims. Gandhi contributed greatly to end that fight through nursing the injured and consoling the widowed. Through his efforts, he regained the peace between the Muslims and the Hindus.

Gandhi said that industrialization is not necessary for any nation; he considered it less especially for Indian people. After gaining independence, Gandhi wanted India to concentrate on maintaining peace with the rest of the world. He preferred a simple peaceful life rather than wealth. However, he advised on having some key industries that would prevent an armchair life or armed socialism. He encouraged state ownership by people working together, enjoying the products of their labor, and through non-violence actions. Gandhi considered both millionaires and paupers as sores of the same sickness (Fischer 142).

Gandhi described mass-scale industrialization as a way of exploiting the villagers once the competition will strike in as well as during marketing. He advised villages to remain as self-contained societies where manufacturing would be done only for products to be used by them. He said real planning of wealth and industrialization should be utilizing well the manpower of India, distributing raw products within the villages, and avoiding sending their raw materials outside, as they would purchase the final products at high prices.

This is the control system that was used by Hindus in India. The principle of hereditary was the base for the Hindu caste system. Through the caste system, people were subdivided into separate groups depending on how close they are to each other. Although the origin of the caste system was well known to be the Hindu religion in India, it affected the whole of India (Fischer 134). Gandhi fought against this division and encouraged Hindus to form one united group, as these subdivisions were the main source of discrimination.

Fischer, Louis. Gandhi: His Life and Message for the World . (vol 1982), Los Angeles: University of California, 2009.

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Essay on “Mahatma Gandhi” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Mahatma Gandhi

10 Best Essay on “Mahatma Gandhi”

Essay No. 01

Mahatma Gandhi, whose birthday is celebrated every year was the greatest man of his time. He was one of those famous sons of India who have guided the destiny of her people from time to time.

He was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar in Gujarat. His mother was a religious and pious lady while his father Kaba Gandhi was the Dewan of a small State in Rajkot.

Gandhi joined the school at the age of seven. He was honest and sincere though he was not a very brilliant student. He was married to Kasturba at the small age of thirteen. He went to England to study law when he was only seventeen.

            He came back to India after qualifying himself for the bar. He started his practice in Bombay. He could not do well as a lawyer because he never liked to tell a lie. He, however, got a case for which he had to go to South Africa. He was known as a coolie barrister there. He was moved by the pitiable condition of the Indians whose wife was insulted and treated like dogs everywhere in South Africa. Mahatma Gandhi became the leader of the Indians and struggled hard for the betterment of their lot.

            After some time, he again came back to India. He had now a greater aim before him. He wanted to make his country free from British rule. After the First World War, the British shot down some 1500 innocent Indian men, women, and children in the “Jatianwala Bagh” at Amritsar. This tragedy and inhuman act pained Gandhiji very much. He started a non-cooperation movement against the British govt. As a result, thousands of volunteers had to go to jail.

            In 1930, Gandhiji started what is known as the Civil disobedience Movement. He broke the Salt Law. He was arrested by the British Govt. which sent him to jail only to release him after some time. He was invited to attend the round Table conference which greatly disappointed him.

His last but the most powerful movement was the Quit India Movement. This was started in 1942. He was again arrested along with many others. But the movement continued. It went on gaining momentum as time went on. The growing irrepressible demand of the Indian awns the force of the world events finally compelled the Births to quit India for good.

            Consequently, we won our freedom on 15 th August 1947, the nation was very thankful to  Mahatamaji and prayed for his long life. But he did not live long. A  communal fanatic Nathu Ram Godse assassinated him on the evening of 30 th January 1948.

Gandhiji is no more with us but he will always act as a torchbearer to the teeming millions of our country. His message of love and peace, his principles of Ahimsa and Truth will always go on leading the country on to the right path. We will go on upholding what is true, good, and beautiful in this harsh and vindictive world.

He will always be remembered but the Indian as the Father of the Nation.

Essay No. 02

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the magic man of Asia, an apostle of non-violence and preacher of truth, was born on October 2, 1869, at Porbandar (Gujarat). He belonged to a well-to-do family. He went to England to study law and became a barrister. Then he returned to India and began to practice at the Bombay(now Mumbai) High Court. But he was not much interested in the lawyer’s profession.

He also went to South Africa. There he made efforts to improve the condition of Indians. He underwent numerous sufferings but remained steadfast in his convictions.

After returning from South Africa, Gandhiji jumped into Indian politics. He could not bear the miserable Plight of the Indian masses suffering and starving under British rule. Mahatma Gandhi sacrificed everything to uproot the British from the Indiana soil.

Freedom was the breath of Gandhiji’s life. In 1919 . be started a non-violent and peaceful movement. Hindu – Muslim unity, removal of un touch ability, and use of Swadeshi goods were his lifelong missions.

Mahatma Gandhi was a man of sound and sterling character. In fact, he was a very noble soul. He wore a very simple dress and ate simple food. He was not merely a man of words but also of action. What he preached, he practiced. His approach to various problems was non-violent. He was a god-fearing person; he was the cynosure of all eyes. He was a friend to all and enemy of none. He was universally loved and liked.

The part played by Mahatma Gandhi on the stage of Indian politics is unforgettable. In those stormy days of the struggle for Indian independence, Gandhiji suffered and was imprisoned several times, but the freedom of the motherland remained his cherished goal. He guided the freedom fighters, launched the ‘Quit Indian movement’, and was imprisoned again.

His entire life was a life of service and sacrifice, of devotion and dedication. This saintly statesman, thinker, writer, and orator of India still shine like a star on the horizon of Indian policies.

His tragic death on January 30, 1948 plunged the entire nation into the gloom. He was assassinated by Nathu Ram Godse. His death was the greatest blow to the force of peace and democracy. The memorable words of Lord Mountbatten are worth quoting “India, indeed the world, will not see the like of him perhaps for centuries.” His death left a great vacuum in the life of the nation. The whole world still reveres and respects this wizard of the 20 th century who has left an indelible mark on Time.       

Essay No. 03

Gandhi: The Actions that affected Generations to Come

Many people feel they can change the world and better it for future generations. They try all sorts of ways to change life and many don’t accomplish their goals. One person who did accomplish his goals was Gandhi. Gandhi took many actions to affect those who were doing wrong. But did Gandhi accomplish his goals when he wanted to? Did Gandhi accomplish his goals at all? I feel Gandhi did accomplish his goals, but not in his lifetime.

Born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi in 1869, the world’s greatest man was born. Gandhi went to school in England to become a lawyer. the lie was trained in formal law and was classically trained. His education in law made him a diligent thinker. He then established a law practice in Bombay now Mumbai with little success. Two years later he joined an Indian firm. This firm retained him as a legal advisor in Durban. Arriving in Durban, Gandhi found himself treated as though part of an inferior race. He was appalled at the widespread denial of civil liberties and political rights to Indian immigrants in South Africa. He threw himself into the struggle for elementary rights for Indians. He used his training when forming his beliefs. “The things that will destroy us are Politics without principle; Pleasure without conscience; Wealth without work; Knowledge without character; Business without morality; Science without humanity, and worship without sacrifice.”

Gandhi spent the next twenty years of his life in South Africa, being imprisoned many a time. Why was he imprisoned do you ask? Well, this is where you can find it. out. Gandhi became a freedom fighter for Indians, minus the fighting of course. Well, sort of, Gandhi had been attacked and beaten many times by the white South Africans. He then formed his idea of passive resistance to, and non-cooperation with, the South African authorities. “Make waves, not war” he gained inspiration to be a passive resister from the writer Leo Tolstoy, Gandhi’s greatest influence. Tolstoy left a profound influence and imprint on Gandhi as did the teachings of Jesus Christ and the nineteenth-century writer Henry David Thoreau. Thoreau’s essay “Civil Disobedience” was one Gandhi took to heart. But civil disobedience and passive resistance were believed by Gandhi to be inadequate for his purpose. For that reason, Gandhi coined the term Satyagraha, a Sanskrit word meaning truth and firmness. This word defined what Gandhi was working towards. In 1910, Gandhi founded. Tolstoy Farms, in Johannesburg, which was a cooperative colony for Indians to go to.

The first of Gandhi’s nonviolent protests was the sit-in. He was arrested dozens of times for doing a sit-in. When the Indian people were being oppressed or unfairly taxed, Gandhi would go to an important area. Important as in, in front of a government building of those doing the taxing or oppressing. He would peacefully sit until arrested. The meetings or gatherings could not continue while Gandhi was there and others would join him, usually Indians, so to prevent the evil ways from continuing. After twenty years of sit-ins, Gandhi decided he needed something bigger.

The sit-ins always ended with the gathering continuing afterward and Gandhi in jail. That is only so effective, surely not effective enough. Gandhi instigated hunger strikes to stop Indian oppression. Gandhi would go for extremely long periods of time without eating. The South African government did know of these hunger strikes and was forced to give in. If they did not they would be responsible for the death of this man. It’s perfectly understandable why they gave in, of course. But the government wouldn’t just give Gandhi anything for not eating, so Gandhi’s progression towards his goals was still quite slow. When he did eat Gandhi was a vegetarian and still is very little. Because of his diet, Gandhi became awfully frail and skinny; his breath had an incurable odour. He also walked around barefoot which made his feet hard and callused. For these two reasons, he became known as Super callused fragile mystics plagued with halitosis. His face became synonymous with the struggle of the Indian people and an international symbol of a free Indian state. He led the Indian people in the struggle for Indian independence.

Gandhi’s beliefs spread like wildfire throughout the newly formed independent India. Gandhi gained millions upon millions of followers. All followed Gandhi’s nonviolent noncooperative ways. English courts, as well as many Other government establishments, were boycotted; Indian children were withdrawn from government schools. His followers would not even rise when being beaten, filling the streets in their squatting meditation position. At this point, Gandhi made the change. He changed his name to Mahatma, a Sanskrit word meaning great soul, a title reserved only for the greatest sages.

In 1932, Gandhi started his civil disobedience campaign against the British. He was arrested twice for this campaign when he took on his bigger fast known as the fast unto death. He knew that a civil war would break out if he were to die in a British jailhouse. This fast luckily did not last until death.

Gandhi caused many government laws and ways to cease with his actions. Among those are: abolishing taxes over many items placed on the Indians, establishing a Muslim State, stopping much oppression of Indians, creating new ways of thought, life, and being. He accomplished all this and much more before he retired from politics to travel and speak to groups about nonviolence. Gandhi influenced alm03t everyone who has heard the name including Martin Luther King Jr. for example.

Gandhi’s death at the hands of an assassin on January 30, 1948, was considered a national catastrophe. The world had a period of mourning, and he didn’t go down only in twentieth-century history, but also in world history. Religious violence soon waned in India and Pakistan, and Gandhi’s thoughts soon began to inspire people worldwide about nonviolence.

The important question is, did the Mahatma, Gandhi, accomplish his goals? If he did, did he accomplish his goals in his lifetime? I feel Gandhi did accomplish all his goals, even more than his goals. Muslims got their own State, Indian oppression decreased and the world improved just from his presence. I feel that he did accomplish a lot of his goals, but not all were accomplished during his lifetime. Many were accomplished simply by his death. Others by his teachings being spread after his death. Though I feel Gandhi did accomplish his goals, I have a doubt that he would be pleased with modern society or today’s world. There is still much violence and wrongdoing around that he would not be pleased with. I believe that our society is greedy and that if people could they would live by martial law. Because they can’t, people go by their own rules as much as possible. Normal practices in today’s society go against exactly what Gandhi taught. Swaraj, Sanskrit for self-ruling, was one of the many things Gandhi spoke out against and swaraj is still practiced in everyday life.

Ahimsa, non-injury, and satyagraha, truth and firmness, were Gandhi s most important teachings. Unfortunately, we live in a world where to be such a way is “uncool” and almost unacceptable if wanting to be accepted by Others when growing up. “My life is my message,” is one of Gandhi’s more famous quotes. Much could be learned. from this quote. In just two generations most of Gandhi’s teachings have been forgotten. This quote explains all of his beliefs in just five simple words. Gandhi was one of the world’s most inspiring individuals. He accomplished more than any other man in history did. Amazing.

Essay No. 04

Mahatma Gandhi is one of the greatest leaders of India. He was not only a famous politician but a great Mahatma and saint. He was really a great soul. He was an apostle of peace and truth. He sacrificed everything for the sake of his country and countrymen. His principles of Ahinsa and Truth have been appreciated all over the world. He was called ‘Bapu’ – the father of no Nation.

Mahatma Gandhi was born at Porbandar in 1869. His father was the Dewan of the Porbander state. His full name was Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi. His mother was a religious lady. So Gandhiji became an able, honest and religious man. 

Gandhiji passed the Matriculation Examination from Rajkot. Then he went to Samaldas College, Bhavnagar. He went to England to study law. From there he returned as a barrister after three years.

Gandhiji knew the value of labour. He taught people to use spades and the spinning wheel. Gandhiji had one aim in life. he wanted to serve the people. He wanted to save them from wrong and injustice. It took him to South Africa. There he helped his countrymen who were badly treated by the English People. It took him to jail. It brought him to death’s door. But he never gave it up. Nothing can be got without sacrifice and suffering for others. Gandhiji’s greater creed was non- violence. He sowed it in political and civic life.

On his return, he began to practice as a barrister in Bombay High Court, but he was not successful in the profession. In 1913 he left for South Africa in order to plead the case of a firm named Dada Abdullah & Co. during his stay there, he fully studied the situation of Indians in South Africa. the behaviour of the White towards the Indians shocked him very much. He fought against the National Government to improve a lot of Indians there. He started the Satyagrah movement for the rights of the Indians. He did not take a rest till the Indian Relief Act was passed.

Gandhiji returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National Congress. In 1924 he was elected president of the Indian National Congress at Belgaum. He threw himself, heart and soul, into India’s stuggle for freedom. He started the Non- co-operation movement in 1920 and Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930. Under Gandhiji’s leadership in 1920, the Simon Commission was boycotted by all the nationalists. He always tried to achieve Hindu-Muslim unity. In 1942, he started the Quit India movement. In 1930, he violated the Salt Law by making salt from seawater. He was sent to jail many times. In 1947 India got her freedom. 

Gandhiji had some wonderful qualities – truth, courage, gentleness, and love. He always fooled the path of truth. Every citizen of the world was his brother. He made no difference between castes, races, and religions. He was a friend of all. Gandhiji tried to remove the difference between Hindus and Muslims. He tried to unite them.

On January 30, 1948, he was shot dead by a Hindu in a prayer assembly at Birla House, Delhi. Speaking over the radio Pandit Nehru said, ‘The light has gone out of our lives and everywhere it is dark.”  Gandhiji was really the light of India. He showed India and the world the path of love. Truth and Ahimsa. He got freedom for India, through the unique weapon of non-violence.

Gandhiji lived and died for peace, love, truth, and non-violence. He was one of those prophets like Jesus Christ, Buddha, Rama, and Socrates, who gave light to the world. So long as India and Indian freedom lives, the name of Gandhi will be enshrined in the heart of every Indian.

Essay No. 05

Mahatma Gandhi is popularly known as BAPU or Father of the Nation. He was the greatest freedom fighter who ultimately got freedom for this nation on 15 August 1947. He was born on 2 October 1869 at Porbandar in Kathiawar (Gujarat). His father was the Dewan of Rajkot and Bikaner and a great nationalist of his time. He matriculated in 1887 and went to England to study law. On his return to India as a Barrister, he had to go to South Africa to follow a case. There he was pained to see the deplorable condition of Indians at the hands of foreign rulers. It was here that his love for the depressed and the neglected rose in him and he started a movement against this oppression. He was soon popular for his devout ways against oppression through non-violent ways. On his return to India in 1913 he took an active part in the movement against British Rule and joined Indian National Congress.

Mahatma Gandhi gave a new shape to the freedom movement. He introduced all non-violent ways to fight the foreign rulers. He led four Civil Disobedience Movements and was jailed many times. He became a leader of the masses very soon as he took the movement to the common Indian by looking into the problems of the lowest of the low, farmers,  workers, and the untouchables as they were called. He called them Harijans or the men of God. His approach was quite novel and effective. He tried and succeeded to rid the masses of this country of the universal fear of the landlord, police and the moneylender.

Mahatma Gandhi was a staunch Indian, a Hindu, a believer of the principle, “Work is Worship” as ordained in the great Indian classic “Bhagwad Gita”. He introduced the concept of “Basic Education” which stressed upon earning with learning.  His work with “Charkha” or the “Spinning Wheel” wrought a revolution in the minds of people. He stressed freedom from poverty along with political freedom. He proved practically that the weapon of non-violence was the strongest ever weapon to fight against the mightiest of the might.    

The power of the British had to bow before him. They saw in him a power that could not be subdued. They had finally to give in and India became independent in 1947. He was pained to see India partitioned. He wanted India to unite again but he fell to the bullets of one Nathu Ram Godse before his dream came true.

Essay No. 06

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in the town of Porbander in Gujarat on 2″d October 1869. He did his schooling in Rajkot Gujarat. At that time India was under British rule. His father died before Gandhi could finish his schooling. At the age of thirteen, Gandhi got married to Kasturba, who was even younger. In 1888, he set sail for England, where he decided to pursue a degree in law. After one year of a none too successful law practice, Gandhi decided to accept an offer from an Indian businessman in South Africa, Dada Abdulla, to join him as a legal adviser. During those days, the Indians who were living in South Africa were without political rights and were generally known by the derogatory name of ‘coolies’. Gandhi himself came to an awareness of the frightening force when he was thrown out of a first-class railway compartment car, though he held a first-class ticket, at Pietermaritzburg. From this political awakening, Gandhi was to emerge as the leader of the Indian community, and it was in South Africa that he first coined the term satyagraha to signify his theory and practice of non-violent resistance. Gandhi was to describe himself as a seeker of Satya (truth), which could not be attained. other than through ahinsa (non-violence, love) arid brahmacharya (celibacy, striving towards God).

 Gandhi returned to India in early 1915 with the determination of raising awareness among people for their rights. Over the next few years, he was to become involved in numerous local struggles, such as at Champaran in Bihar, where workers on indigo plantations complained of oppressive working conditions, and at Ahmedabad, where a dispute had broken out between management and workers at textile mills.

Gandhi had ideas on every subject, from hygiene and nutrition to education and labour, and he relentlessly pursued his ideas in newspapers. He is still remembered as one of the principal figures in the history of Indian journalism. Due to his efforts in the awakening of Indian people, he had earned the title of Mahatma from Rabindranath Tagore, India’s most well-known writer. When the tragedy happened at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Gandhi wrote the report of the Punjab Congress Inquiry Committee. Over the next two years, he initiated the non-cooperation movement, which called upon Indians to withdraw from British institutions, to return honors conferred by the British, and to learn the art of self-reliance. Though the British administration was at places paralyzed, the movement was suspended in February 1922. In early 1930, the Indian National Congress declared that it would now be satisfied with nothing short of complete independence (purna swaraj). On March 2, Gandhi addressed a letter to the Viceroy, Lord Irwin, informing him that unless Indian demands were met, he would be compelled to break the ‘salt laws’. On the early morning of March 12, with a small group of followers, he proceeded for Dandi March on the sea. They arrived there on April 5. Gandhi picked up a small lump of natural salt and gave the signal to hundreds of thousands of people to similarly defy the law since the British exercised a monopoly on the production and sale of salt. This was the beginning of the civil disobedience movement. In 1942, Gandhi issued the last call for independence from British rule. On the grounds of Kranti Maidan, he delivered a speech, asking every Indian to lay down their life, if necessary, in the cause of freedom. He gave them this mantra, ‘Do or Die’; at the same time, he asked the British to ‘Quit India’. After a long struggle, India got independence on August 15, 1947. Though India gained independence, it was achieved at a cost. The partition of India and Pakistan created much pain and a lot of bloodsheds. This earned many opposers of Gandhi as well. One morning, Gandhi folded his hands, greeted his audience with a namaskar, and was about to leave for prayers. At that moment, a young man came up to him, took a revolver out of his pocket, and shot him three times in his chest. Bloodstains appeared over Gandhi’s white woolen shawl. His hands still folded in a greeting, Gandhi uttered “He Ram!  He Ram!” and left the world.

Essay No. 07

India: Father of the Nation 

Birth:1869  Death: 1948

Mahatma Gandhi led the national freedom struggle against British rule. The most unique thing about this struggle was that it was completely non-violent.

The political career of Gandhiji started in South Africa where at the beginning of this century he launched a civil disobedience movement against the maltreatment meted out to Asian settlers. In .1916, he returned to India and took up the leadership of the national freedom struggle. Gandhiji launched many movements to force the British to concede India its independence. The Most well-known being: ‘Non-Cooperation Movement’ (1920), ‘Civil Disobedience Movement’ (1930), and Quit India Movement (1942). In 1930, Gandhiji also led the famous `Dandi March’ for breaking the salt laws. Gandhiji also worked hard for the upliftment of the Harijans, the name given by him to the untouchables. Gandhiji declared untouchability a sin against God and man.

Mohan Das Karamchand Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869, at Porbandar in Gujarat. After finishing his early education in India, he sailed to England to study law. Gandhiji returned from England in 1891  and qualified as a barrister. In 1894, Gandhiji went to South Africa in connection with a lawsuit. Gandhiji wrote his famous autobiography under the title My Experiments with Truth. Gandhiji always stood for communal harmony, but he himself was shot dead by a religious fanatic Nathu Ram Godse on 30th January 1948. The whole of the world. mourned his death.

Essay No. 08

Mahatma Gandhi – The Father of The Indian Nation

Mahatma Gandhi was the Father of the Indian Nation. He led the country in the struggle for freedom. His sacrifices and sacred life impressed the people of this country and the world. He believed in simple living and high thinking. He used to live in simple Khadi and take Goat’s milk. He was a pure vegetarian. He had faith in God. He read out the Bhagwat Gita and followed the lines (as) laid down in that great volume written by the ancient and learned seers. He studied the Ramayana as well and thus was attracted towards the principles of lofty spiritualism. He knew that the performance of duty was quite necessary.

It is indeed very sad that our country saw the martyrdom of this great patriot at the hands of an Indian. But he lived and died for his own principles of life. He wanted the people of all the religions to live peacefully with one another. He treated all the human beings as the children of God. He therefore preached the gospel of the brotherhood of mankind.

Shri Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. Gandhiji received higher education in England and there also be remained as a pure vegetarian.

When he completed his studies, he returned to his country and worked as a lawyer. He went back to South Africa where he took part in the non-cooperation movement of the Indians and other people of Asiatic Origin. He was arrested along with his wife.

Thus, after helping the Indians in South Africa and taking part in many movements Gandhiji returned to India in 1914 after 20 years’ stay in South Africa. Mahatma Gandhi started the Satyagrah Ashram in India and took the vow of truth. He believed in non-violence. He started helping the textile workers of Ahmedabad in 1918. Gandhiji started taking part in the non-co-operation movement against the British. He had started the famous Dandi March. Gandhiji was arrested many times and stayed in jail.

In 1942, he led the famous Quit India Movement. The slogan ‘Britishers leave India’ echoed from every nook and corner of the country. He was thrown behind the bars. Gandhiji was the moving spirit behind the Congress organisation and the freedom movement. It was under his guidance that the country became free. In 1947, India became free, after centuries of slavery. The people heaved a sigh of relief but the country was divided into two Dominions – Indian Union and Pakistan.

Besides this, the country got another setback. On January 30, 1948, he was assassinated when offering prayers at Birla Hall. The words ‘Hey Ram’, escaped his lips thrice before he breathed his last. One of the reasons for resentment against him was that he had asked the Indian Government to give Rs. 55 crores to Pakistan as their due on certain accounts. The whole nation mourned his death. People all over the world were moved over the ironic tragedy.

Mahatma Gandhi was a great leader. He had his own principles of life. He believed in selfless service. He upheld moral principles. He followed the path of truth and non-violence throughout life.

He wanted to create an ideal society by removing untouchability. He wanted to establish a society based on the Panchayati Raj. He favoured the establishment of cottage industries. He did not believe in the caste system.

Mahatma Gandhi died, but he has become immortal. He is respected all the world over. His principles are known as Gandhism.

His Samadhi is at Raj Ghat in New Delhi. The people from different countries visit his Samadhi in a large number every day and day pay him their homage.

He is the guiding spirit of the Indian Government. He was a philosopher and politician. He was a saint and a non-violent fighter. The whole world respects him as a great man, who served the whole of humanity.

Essay No. 09

Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) was the one who created a historical principle of non-violence. His full name was Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi. He adopted this principle to achieve political independence and social progress for India. His political career started in South Africa.

He launched many movements to compel the British to leave India. He led the famous `Dandi March’ for breaking the ‘Salt Law’. He worked for the upliftment of the Harijans. He tried hard to unite the Hindus and the Muslims. He talked about Gram Swaraj and encouraged small-scale cottage industries. Non-violence, truth, simplicity, and brotherhood were his ideals. He is the personality of the millennium.

Mahatma Gandhi’s name is on the lips of every Indian. He was the greatest man not only of India but of the world also. He was the father of the nation. We generally call him `Bapujil Mahatma Gandhi was born at Porbandar in Kathiawar (Gujarat) in the year of 1869 on 2nd October. His father was the Diwan of Rajkot and Bikaner State. His mother was a noble, pious and religious lady.

At the age of seven, he was sent to school. At school he proved himself to be only an average boy. He was always regular and punctual in his class. After passing his Matriculation Examination he studied at college. Then he went to England for studying law.

He started his practice in Mumbai. But he did not do well. Then lie went to Rajkot. He was not a successful lawyer. He went to Africa to conduct a big lawsuit in court. There he saw the bad condition of Indians. He put up a brave fight for their rights. He founded Natal Indian Congress. He was prisoned with his friends. In 1914 the Indian Relief Act was passed. This bettered a lot of the Indians.

M.K. Gandhi returned to India. He joined the Indian National Congress. He became its leader. Under his leadership, the Indian National Congress started non-violence and non-co-operation movements to oppose the unjust acts of the British Government. Side by side he did constructive work-the removal of untouchability and the Hindu-Muslim Unity. At last, India got independence on the 15th August 1947.

Gandhiji was a deeply religious man. He taught and practiced truth and non-violence. He lived a very simple & pure life. He had a great love for the poor. He followed the path of truth and Ahimsa. He was a great saint too.

Gandhiji was a great teacher, preacher, thinker, and solider. He will be remembered and respected by the world forever. The finest tribute paid to him was from General Simulate who called him “a since among men.”

On 30 January 1948, in the prayer hall at Birla House, Delhi, he was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic, Nathu Ram Godse. May his soul rest in peace! May his teachings show us the right path and guide human beings to serve the creatures of God.

Essay No. 10

Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 at Porbander in Gujarat. His father was Dewan in Rajkot state. After passing his matriculation in 1887, he went to England to study law.

Mahatma Gandhi is called the “Father of the Nation”. In the twentieth century, he had been one of the greatest leaders of the World. He brought independence to the country. His weapons in this war were unique, namely, truth and non-violence. In 1893 he went to South Africa. There he was appalled by the pathetic conditions of coloured people and discrimination against the Indians and South Africans. He fought for their rights. He adopted a new method to fight against the British rulers. He practiced peaceful resistance to racial discrimination. His weapons were Satyagrah (Truth) and Ahimsa (non-violence). After winning the battle in South Africa, he returned to India in 1916.

His aim was to bring independence to the country and build it as a self-reliant nation. He started the nonviolence and non-cooperation movements to achieve the above objectives. He moved the masses with his sincerity, simplicity, and sacrifice. Along with many leaders and countrymen, he was sent to jail several times. Ultimately the Britishers realized that they cannot continue to rule India. They were unable to control the fire of Independence burning in the hearts of the masses. The millions were following the path of Mahatma Gandhi. On his behest, they were ready to lay their lives for the freedom of the country. In August 1947, the Britishers had to retreat and India was declared a free country. But unfortunately, the country was divided into two nations, India and Pakistan. The scene after the Independence was terrible. There was turmoil, chaos, terror, and bloodshed all over. It caused heavy loss of life, character, and property on both sides of the manmade border. Gandhiji was saddened by the communal hatred. He began fast unto death, unless the condition at Neokhali in East Bengal, which was worst affected, was brought under control. Ultimately the peace returned among the Hindus and Muslims. What Gandhiji achieve in his life was a miracle. He lived in the hearts of millions of Indians and was respected by all. He laid great emphasis on banishing untouchability, Hindu-Muslim unity, removal of illiteracy, development of cottage and handloom industries, equality to women, and development of villages and agriculture. He believed that purity of soul can be brought by sacrifice and service to the poor. He practices what he preached. He dedicated all his life to the upliftment of the poor. He personified the principle of simple living and high thinking. He was very sensitive and understanding. He laid his life for the country. On 30th January 1948, the world lost a great leader. Mahatma Gandhi was killed by a fanatic, who did not like his way. There was gloom all over the nation. He was cremated at Rajghat in Delhi.

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• Published: 08 May 2024

Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3

• Josh Abramson   ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0000-3496-6952 1   na1 ,
• Jonas Adler   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-3407 1   na1 ,
• Jack Dunger 1   na1 ,
• Richard Evans   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4675-8469 1   na1 ,
• Tim Green   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-1505 1   na1 ,
• Alexander Pritzel   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-9040 1   na1 ,
• Olaf Ronneberger   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-1515 1   na1 ,
• Lindsay Willmore   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4314-0778 1   na1 ,
• Andrew J. Ballard   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4956-5304 1 ,
• Joshua Bambrick   ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0003-3908-0722 2 ,
• Sebastian W. Bodenstein 1 ,
• David A. Evans 1 ,
• Chia-Chun Hung   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-9165 2 ,
• Michael O’Neill 1 ,
• David Reiman   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7197 1 ,
• Kathryn Tunyasuvunakool   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8594-1074 1 ,
• Zachary Wu   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2429-9812 1 ,
• Akvilė Žemgulytė 1 ,
• Eirini Arvaniti 3 ,
• Charles Beattie   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-054X 3 ,
• Ottavia Bertolli   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-8578-3216 3 ,
• Alex Bridgland 3 ,
• Alexey Cherepanov   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5227-0622 4 ,
• Miles Congreve 4 ,
• Alexander I. Cowen-Rivers 3 ,
• Andrew Cowie   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-1434 3 ,
• Michael Figurnov   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1386-8741 3 ,
• Fabian B. Fuchs 3 ,
• Hannah Gladman 3 ,
• Rishub Jain 3 ,
• Yousuf A. Khan   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0201-2796 3 ,
• Caroline M. R. Low 4 ,
• Kuba Perlin 3 ,
• Anna Potapenko 3 ,
• Pascal Savy 4 ,
• Sukhdeep Singh 3 ,
• Adrian Stecula   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6914-6743 4 ,
• Ashok Thillaisundaram 3 ,
• Catherine Tong   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7570-4801 4 ,
• Sergei Yakneen   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7827-9839 4 ,
• Ellen D. Zhong   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6345-1907 3 ,
• Michal Zielinski 3 ,
• Augustin Žídek   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-0748-9684 3 ,
• Victor Bapst 1   na2 ,
• Pushmeet Kohli   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-7997 1   na2 ,
• Max Jaderberg   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9033-2695 2   na2 ,
• Demis Hassabis   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2812-9917 1 , 2   na2 &
• John M. Jumper   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6169-6580 1   na2  

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• Drug discovery
• Machine learning
• Protein structure predictions
• Structural biology

The introduction of AlphaFold 2 1 has spurred a revolution in modelling the structure of proteins and their interactions, enabling a huge range of applications in protein modelling and design 2–6 . In this paper, we describe our AlphaFold 3 model with a substantially updated diffusion-based architecture, which is capable of joint structure prediction of complexes including proteins, nucleic acids, small molecules, ions, and modified residues. The new AlphaFold model demonstrates significantly improved accuracy over many previous specialised tools: far greater accuracy on protein-ligand interactions than state of the art docking tools, much higher accuracy on protein-nucleic acid interactions than nucleic-acid-specific predictors, and significantly higher antibody-antigen prediction accuracy than AlphaFold-Multimer v2.3 7,8 . Together these results show that high accuracy modelling across biomolecular space is possible within a single unified deep learning framework.

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These authors contributed equally: Josh Abramson, Jonas Adler, Jack Dunger, Richard Evans, Tim Green, Alexander Pritzel, Olaf Ronneberger, Lindsay Willmore

These authors jointly supervised this work: Victor Bapst, Pushmeet Kohli, Max Jaderberg, Demis Hassabis, John M. Jumper

Authors and Affiliations

Core Contributor, Google DeepMind, London, UK

Josh Abramson, Jonas Adler, Jack Dunger, Richard Evans, Tim Green, Alexander Pritzel, Olaf Ronneberger, Lindsay Willmore, Andrew J. Ballard, Sebastian W. Bodenstein, David A. Evans, Michael O’Neill, David Reiman, Kathryn Tunyasuvunakool, Zachary Wu, Akvilė Žemgulytė, Victor Bapst, Pushmeet Kohli, Demis Hassabis & John M. Jumper

Core Contributor, Isomorphic Labs, London, UK

Joshua Bambrick, Chia-Chun Hung, Max Jaderberg & Demis Hassabis

Google DeepMind, London, UK

Eirini Arvaniti, Charles Beattie, Ottavia Bertolli, Alex Bridgland, Alexander I. Cowen-Rivers, Andrew Cowie, Michael Figurnov, Fabian B. Fuchs, Hannah Gladman, Rishub Jain, Yousuf A. Khan, Kuba Perlin, Anna Potapenko, Sukhdeep Singh, Ashok Thillaisundaram, Ellen D. Zhong, Michal Zielinski & Augustin Žídek

Isomorphic Labs, London, UK

Alexey Cherepanov, Miles Congreve, Caroline M. R. Low, Pascal Savy, Adrian Stecula, Catherine Tong & Sergei Yakneen

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Correspondence to Max Jaderberg , Demis Hassabis or John M. Jumper .

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This Supplementary Information file contains the following 9 sections: (1) Notation; (2) Data pipeline; (3) Model architecture; (4) Auxiliary heads; (5) Training and inference; (6) Evaluation; (7) Differences to AlphaFold2 and AlphaFold-Multimer; (8) Supplemental Results; and (9) Appendix: CCD Code and PDB ID tables.

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Abramson, J., Adler, J., Dunger, J. et al. Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07487-w

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Mahatma Gandhi Essay

Below we have provided very simple written essay on Mahatma Gandhi, a person who would always live in the heart of Indian people. Every kid and children of the India know him by the name of Bapu or Father of the Nation. Using following Mahatma Gandhi essay, you can help your kids and school going children to perform better in their school during any competition or exam.

Long and Short Essay on Mahatma Gandhi in English

We have provided below short and long essay on Mahatma Gandhi in English for your information and knowledge.

The essays have been written in simple yet effective English so that you can easily grasp the information and present it whenever needed.

After going through these Mahatma Gandhi essay you will know about the life and ideals of Mahatma Gandhi; teachings of Mahatma Gandhi; what role did he played in the freedom struggle; why is he the most respected leader the world over; how his birthday is celebrated etc.

The information given in the essays will be useful in speech giving, essay writing or speech giving competition on the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 1 (100 words)

Mahatma Gandhi is very famous in India as “Bapu” or “Rastrapita”. The full name of him is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was a great freedom fighter who led India as a leader of the nationalism against British rule. He was born on 2 nd of October in 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat, India.

He died on 30 th of January in 1948. M.K. Gandhi was assassinated by the Hindu activist, Nathuram Godse, who was hanged later as a punishment by the government of India. He has been given another name by the Rabindranath Tagore as “Martyr of the Nation” since 1948.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 2 (150 words)

Mahatma Gandhi is called as Mahatma because of his great works and greatness all through the life. He was a great freedom fighter and non-violent activist who always followed non-violence all though his life while leading India for the independence from British rule.

He was born on 2 nd of October in 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat, India. He was just 18 years old while studying law in the England. Later he went to British colony of South Africa to practice his law where he got differentiated from the light skin people because of being a dark skin person. That’s why he decided to became a political activist in order to do so some positive changes in such unfair laws.

Later he returned to India and started a powerful and non-violent movement to make India an independent country. He is the one who led the Salt March (Namak Satyagrah or Salt Satyagrah or Dandi March) in 1930. He inspired lots of Indians to work against British rule for their own independence.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 3 (200 words)

Mahatma Gandhi was a great and outstanding personality of the India who is still inspiring the people in the country as well as abroad through his legacy of greatness, idealness and noble life. Bapu was born in the Porbandar, Gujarat, India in a Hindu family on 2 nd of October in 1869. 2 nd of October was the great day for India when Bapu took birth. He paid his great and unforgettable role for the independence of India from the British rule. The full name of the Bapu is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He went to England for his law study just after passing his matriculation examination. Later he returned to India in as a lawyer in 1890.

After his arrival to India, he started helping Indian people facing various problems from the British rule. He started a Satyagraha movement against the British rule to help Indians. Other big movements started by the Bapu for the independence of India are Non-cooperation movement in the year 1920, Civil Disobedience movement in the year 1930 and Quit India movement in the year 1942. All the movements had shaken the British rule in India and inspired lots of common Indian citizens to fight for the freedom.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 4 (250 words)

Bapu, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was born in 1869 on 2 nd of October at Porbander in Gujarat, India. Mahatma Gandhi was a great Indian who led India with independence movement against British rule. He completed his schooling in India and went to England for further study of law. He returned to India as a lawyer and started practicing law. He started helping people of India who were humiliated and insulted by the British rule.

He started non-violence independence movement to fight against the injustice of Britishers. He got insulted many times but he continued his non-violent struggle for the Independence of India. After his return to India he joined Indian National Congress as a member. He was the great leader of the India independence movement who struggled a lot for the freedom of India. As a member of the Indian National Congress he started independence movements like Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience and later Quit India Movement which became successful a day and help India in getting freedom.

As a great freedom fighter, he got arrested and sent to jail many times but he continued fighting against British rule for the justice of Indians. He was a great believer in non-violence and unity of people of all religions which he followed all through his struggle for independence. After his lots of struggles with many Indians, finally he became successful in making India an independent country on 15 th of August in 1947. Later he was assassinated in 1948 on 30 th of January by the Nathuram Godse, a Hindu activist.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 5 (300 words)

Mahatma Gandhi was a great freedom fighter who spent his whole life in struggle for the independence of India. He was born in the Indian Hindu family on 2 nd of October in 1869 in the Porbander, Gujarat. He lived his whole as a leader of the Indian people. His whole life story is a great inspiration for us. He is called as the Bapu or Rashtrapita as he spent his life in fighting against British rule for the freedom of us. While fighting with Britishers he took help of his great weapons like non-violence and Satyagraha movements to achieve freedom. Many times he got arrested and sent to the jail but he never discourages himself and continued fighting for national freedom.

He is the real father of our nation who really used his all power to make us free from the British rule. He truly understood the power of unity in people (from different castes, religions, community, race, age or gender) which he used all through his independence movement. Finally he forced Britishers to quit India forever through his mass movements on 15 th of August in 1947. Since 1947, the 15 th of August is celebrated every year as the Independence Day in India.

He could not continue his life after the independence of India in 1947 as he was assassinated by one of the Hindu activists, Nathuram Godse in 1948 on 30 th of January. He was the great personality who served his whole life till death for the motherland. He enlightened our life with the true light of freedom from British rule. He proved that everything is possible with the non-violence and unity of people. Even after getting died many years ago, he is still alive in the heart of every Indian as a “Father of the Nation and Bapu”.

Mahatma Gandhi Essay 6 (400 words)

Mahatma Gandhi is well known as the “Father of the Nation or Bapu” because of his greatest contributions towards the independence of our country. He was the one who believed in the non-violence and unity of the people and brought spirituality in the Indian politics. He worked hard for the removal of the untouchability in the Indian society , upliftment of the backward classes in India, raised voice to develop villages for social development, inspired Indian people to use swadeshi goods and other social issues. He brought common people in front to participate in the national movement and inspired them to fight for their true freedom.

He was one of the persons who converted people’s dream of independence into truth a day through his noble ideals and supreme sacrifices. He is still remembered between us for his great works and major virtues such as non-violence, truth, love and fraternity. He was not born as great but he made himself great through his hard struggles and works. He was highly influenced by the life of the King Harischandra from the play titled as Raja Harischandra. After his schooling, he completed his law degree from England and began his career as a lawyer. He faced many difficulties in his life but continued walking as a great leader.

He started many mass movements like Non-cooperation movement in 1920, civil disobedience movement in 1930 and finally the Quit India Movement in 1942 all through the way of independence of India. After lots of struggles and works, independence of India was granted finally by the British Government. He was a very simple person who worked to remove the colour barrier and caste barrier. He also worked hard for removing the untouchability in the Indian society and named untouchables as “Harijan” means the people of God.

He was a great social reformer and Indian freedom fighter who died a day after completing his aim of life. He inspired Indian people for the manual labour and said that arrange all the resource ownself for living a simple life and becoming self-dependent. He started weaving cotton clothes through the use of Charakha in order to avoid the use of videshi goods and promote the use of Swadeshi goods among Indians.

He was a strong supporter of the agriculture and motivated people to do agriculture works. He was a spiritual man who brought spirituality to the Indian politics. He died in 1948 on 30 th of January and his body was cremated at Raj Ghat, New Delhi. 30 th of January is celebrated every year as the Martyr Day in India in order to pay homage to him.

Essay on Non-violence of Mahatma Gandhi – Essay 7 (800 Words)

Introduction

Non-violence or ‘ahimsa’ is a practice of not hurting anyone intentionally or unintentionally. It is the practice professed by great saints like Gautam Buddha and Mahaveer. Mahatma Gandhi was one of the pioneer personalities to practice non-violence. He used non-violence as a weapon to fight the armed forces of the British Empire and helped us to get independence without lifting a single weapon.

Role of Non-violence in Indian Freedom Struggle   

The role of non-violence in the Indian freedom struggle became prominent after the involvement of Mahatma Gandhi. There were many violent freedom struggles going on concurrently in the country and the importance of these cannot be neglected either. There were many sacrifices made by our freedom fighters battling against the British rule. But non-violence was a protest which was done in a very peaceful manner and was a great way to demand for the complete independence. Mahatma Gandhi used non-violence in every movement against British rule. The most important non-violence movements of Mahatma Gandhi which helped to shake the foundation of the British government are as follows.

• Champaran and Kheda Agitations

In 1917 the farmers of Champaran were forced by the Britishers to grow indigo and again sell them at very cheap fixed prices. Mahatma Gandhi organized a non-violent protest against this practice and Britishers were forced to accept the demand of the farmers.

Kheda village was hit by floods in 1918 and created a major famine in the region. The Britishers were not ready to provide any concessions or relief in the taxes. Gandhiji organized a non-cooperation movement and led peaceful protests against the British administration for many months. Ultimately the administration was forced to provide relief in taxes and temporarily suspended the collection of revenue.

• Non-cooperation Movement

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the harsh British policies lead to the Non-cooperation movement in 1920. It was the non-violence protest against the British rule. Gandhiji believed that the main reason of the Britishers flourishing in India is the support they are getting from Indians. He pleaded to boycott the use of British products and promoted the use of ‘Swadeshi’ products. Indians denied working for the Britishers and withdrew themselves from the British schools, civil services, government jobs etc. People started resigning from the prominent posts which highly affected the British administration. The Non-Cooperation movement shook the foundation of the British rule and all these without a single use of any weapon. The power of non-violence was more evident in the non-cooperation movement.

• Salt Satyagrah or Salt March

Salt March or the ‘Namak Satyagrah’ was the non-violence movement led by Mahatma Gandhi against the salt monopoly of the Britishers. Britishers imposed a heavy taxation on the salt produce which affected the local salt production. Gandhiji started the 26 days non-violence march to Dandi village, Gujarat protesting against the salt monopoly of the British government. The Dandi march was started on 12 th March 1930 from Sabarmati Ashram and ended on 06 th April 1930 at Dandi, breaking the salt laws of the British government and starting the local production of salt. The Salt March was a non violent movement which got the international attention and which helped to concrete the foundation of Independent India.

• Quit India Movement

After the successful movement of the Salt March, the foundation of British government shook completely. Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 th August 1942 which demanded the Britishers to quit India. It was the time of World War II when Britain was already in war with Germany and the Quit India Movement acted as a fuel in the fire. There was a mass non-violent civil disobedience launched across the country and Indians also demanded their separation from World War II.  The effect of Quit India Movement was so intense that British government agreed to provide complete independence to India once the war gets over. The Quit India Movement was a final nail in the coffin of the British rule in India.

These movements led by Mahatma Gandhi were completely Non-violent and did not use any weapon. The power of truth and non-violence were the weapons used to fight the British rule. The effect of non-violence was so intense that it gained the immediate attention of the international community towards the Indian independence struggle. It helped to reveal the harsh policies and acts of the British rule to the international audience.

Mahatma Gandhi always believed that weapons are not the only answer for any problem; in fact they created more problems than they solved. It is a tool which spreads hatred, fear and anger. Non-violence is one of the best methods by which we can fight with much powerful enemies, without holding a single weapon. Apart from the independence struggle; there are many incidents of modern times which exhibited the importance of non-violence and how it helped in bringing changes in the society and all that without spilling a single drop of blood. Hope the day is not very far when there will be no violence and every conflict and dispute will be solved through peaceful dialogues without harming anyone and shedding blood and this would be a greatest tribute to Mahatma Gandhi.

Long Essay on Mahatma Gandhi – Essay 8 (1100 Words)

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi aka ‘Mahatma Gandhi’ was one of the great sons of Indian soil who rose to become a great soul and gave major contribution in the great Indian freedom struggle against the British rule in India. He was a man of ideologies and a man with great patience and courage. His non-violence movements involved peaceful protests and non-cooperation with the British rule. These movements had a long term effects on the Britishers and it also helped India to grab the eye balls of global leaders and attracted the attention on the international platforms.

Family and Life of Mahatma Gandhi

• Birth and Childhood

Mahatma Gandhi was born as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi on 02 nd October, 1869 at Porbandar (which is in the current state of Gujarat). His father Karamchand Gandhi was working as the Chief Minister (diwan) of Porbandar at that time. His mother Putlibai was a very devotional and generous lady. Young Gandhi was a reflection of his mother and inherited high values, ethics and the feeling of sacrifice from her.

• Marriage and Education

Mohandas was married to Kasturba Makanji at a very young age of 13. In 1888, they were blessed with a baby boy and after which he sailed to London for higher studies. In 1893, he went to South Africa to continue his practice of law where he faced strong racial discrimination by the Britishers. The major incident which completely changed the young Gandhi was when he was forcibly removed from the first class compartment of a train due to his race and color.

• Civil Rights Movement in Africa

After the discrimination and embracement faced by Gandhi due to his race and color, he vowed to fight and challenge the racial discrimination of immigrants in South Africa. He formed Natal Indian Congress in 1894 and started fighting against racial discrimination. He fought for the civil rights of the immigrants in South Africa and spent around 21 years there.

• Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian Freedom Struggle

Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and joined Indian National Congress and started to raise voice against the British rule in India and demanded the complete independence or ‘Purn Swaraj’ for India. He started many non-violent movements and protests against Britishers and was also imprisoned various times in his long quest of freedom. His campaigns were completely non-violent without the involvement of any force or weapons. His ideology of ‘ahimsa’ meaning not to injure anyone was highly appreciated and was also followed by many great personalities around the globe.

Why was Gandhi called Mahatma?

‘Mahatma’ is a Sanskrit word which means ‘great soul’. It is said that it was Rabindranth Tagore who first used ‘Mahatma’ for Gandhi. It was because of the great thoughts and ideologies of Gandhi which made people honour him by calling ‘Mahatma Gandhi’. The great feeling of sacrifice, love and help he showed throughout his life was a matter of great respect for each citizen of India.

Mahatma Gandhi showed a lifelong compassion towards the people affected with leprosy. He used to nurse the wounds of people with leprosy and take proper care of them. In the times when people used to ignore and discriminate people with leprosy, the humanitarian compassion of Gandhi towards them made him a person with great feelings and a person with great soul justifying himself as Mahatma.

Mahatma Gandhi’s contribution on various social issues could never be ignored. His campaign against untouchability during his imprisonment in the Yerwada Jail where he went on fast against the age old evil of untouchability in the society had highly helped the upliftment of the community in the modern era. Apart from this, he also advocated the importance of education, cleanliness, health and equality in the society. All these qualities made him a man with great soul and justify his journey from Gandhi to Mahatma.

What are Gandhi’s accomplishments?

Mahatma Gandhi was a man with mission who not only fought for the country’s independence but also gave his valuable contribution in uprooting various evils of the society. The accomplishments of Mahatma Gandhi is summarized below:

• Fought against Racial Discrimination in South Africa

The racial discrimination in South Africa shocked Mahatma Gandhi and he vowed to fight against it. He challenged the law which denied the voting rights of the people not belonging to the European region. He continued to fight for the civil rights of the immigrants in South Africa and became a prominent face of a civil right activist.

• Face of the Indian Freedom Struggle

Mahatma Gandhi was the liberal face of independence struggle. He challenged the British rule in India through his peaceful and non-violent protests. The Champaran Satyagrah, Civil Disobedience Movement, Salt March, Quit India Movement etc are just the few non-violent movements led by him which shook the foundation of the Britishers in India and grabbed the attention of the global audience to the Indian freedom struggle.

• Uprooting the Evils of Society

Gandhi Ji also worked on uprooting various social evils in the society which prevailed at that time. He launched many campaigns to provide equal rights to the untouchables and improve their status in the society. He also worked on the women empowerment, education and opposed child marriage which had a long term effect on the Indian society.

What was Gandhi famous for?

Mahatma Gandhi was one of the great personalities of India. He was a man with simplicity and great ideologies. His non-violent way to fight a much powerful enemy without the use of a weapon or shedding a single drop of blood surprised the whole world. His patience, courage and disciplined life made him popular and attracted people from every corners of the world.

He was the man who majorly contributed in the independence of India from the British rule. He devoted his whole life for the country and its people. He was the face of the Indian leadership on international platform. He was the man with ethics, values and discipline which inspires the young generation around the globe even in the modern era.

Gandhi Ji was also famous for his strict discipline. He always professed the importance of self discipline in life. He believed that it helps to achieve bigger goals and the graces of ahimsa could only be achieved through hard discipline.

These qualities of the great leader made him famous not only in India but also across the world and inspired global personalities like Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King.

Mahatma Gandhi helped India to fulfill her dream of achieving ‘Purna Swaraj’ or complete independence and gave the country a global recognition. Though he left this world on 30 th January, 1948, but his ideologies and thoughts still prevail in the minds of his followers and act as a guiding light to lead their lives. He proved that everything is possible in the world if you have a strong will, courage and determination.

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One makes so few new friends in older age — I mean, real friends, the ones you bond with and hold dear, as if you’d known one another since childhood.

Old age often prevents, or at least tempers, such discoveries. The joy of suddenly finding someone of compatible tastes, politics, intellectual interests and sense of humor can be shadowed, if tacitly, by the inevitable prospect of loss.

I became friends with Helen Vendler — the legendary poetry critic who died last week — six years ago, after she came to a talk I gave at Harvard about my 1965-66 Fulbright year in Ireland. Our friendship was close at the outset and was fortified and deepened by many letters between us, by our writing.

Some critics gain notice by something new they discover in the literature they examine. Helen became the most important critic of the age by dealing with something old and basic — the fact that great poetry was, well, lovable. Her vast knowledge of it was not like anyone else’s, and she embraced the poets she admired with informed exuberance.

The evening we met, Helen and I huddled together for an hour, maybe two, speaking of the great Celtic scholar John Kelleher, under whom we had both studied; of Irish poetry; and of our families. Helen was born to cruelly restrictive Irish Catholic parents who would not think of her going to anything but a Catholic college. When Helen rebelled against them, she was effectively tossed out and never allowed to return home.

She told me all this at our very first meeting. And I told her the sorrows of my own life — the untimely death of my daughter, Amy, and the seven-plus years my wife, Ginny, and I spent helping to rear her three children. And I told Helen unhappy things about my own upbringing. The loneliness. I think we both sensed that we had found someone we could trust with our lives.

I never asked Helen why she had come to my talk in the first place, though I had recognized her immediately. After spending a life with English and American poetry — especially the poetry of Wallace Stevens — how could I not? The alert tilt of her head, the two parenthetical lines around the mouth that always seemed on the verge of saying something meaningful and the sad-kind-wise eyes of the most significant literary figure since Edmund Wilson.

And unlike Wilson, Helen was never compelled to show off. She knew as much about American writing as Wilson, and, I believe, loved it more.

It was that, even more than the breadth and depth of her learning, that set her apart. She was a poet who didn’t write poetry, but felt it like a poet, and thus knew the art form to the core of her being. Her method of “close reading,” studying a poem intently word by word, was her way of writing it in reverse.

Weeks before Helen’s death and what would have been her 91st birthday, we exchanged letters. I had sent her an essay I’d just written on the beauty of wonder, stemming from the wonder so many people felt upon viewing the total solar eclipse earlier this month. I often sent Helen things I wrote. Some she liked less than others, and she was never shy to say so. She liked the essay on wonder, though she said she was never a wonderer herself, but a “hopeless pragmatist,” not subject to miracles, except upon two occasions. One was the birth of her son, David, whom she mentioned in letters often. She loved David deeply, and both were happy when she moved from epic Cambridge to lyrical Laguna Niguel, Calif., to be near him, as she grew infirm.

Her second miracle, coincidentally, occurred when Seamus Heaney drove her to see a solar eclipse at Tintern Abbey. There, among the Welsh ruins, Helen had an astonishing experience, one that she described to me in a way that seemed almost to evoke Wordsworth:

I had of course read descriptions of the phenomena of a total eclipse, but no words could equal the total-body/total landscape effect; the ceasing of bird song; the inexorability of the dimming to a crescent and then to a corona; the total silence; the gradual salience of the stars; the iciness of the silhouette of the towers; the looming terror of the steely eclipse of all of nature. Now that quelled utterly any purely “scientific” interest. One became pure animal, only animal, no “thought-process” being even conceivable.

One who claims not to know wonders shows herself to be one.

She was so intent on the beauty of the poets she understood so deeply, she never could see why others found her appreciations remarkable. Once, when I sent her a note complimenting her on a wonderfully original observation she’d made in a recent article, she wrote: “So kind of you to encourage me. I always feel that everything I say would be obvious to anyone who can read, so am always amazed when someone praises something.”

Only an innocent of the highest order would say such a beautiful, preposterous thing. When recently the American Academy of Arts and Letters awarded her the Gold Medal for Belle Lettres and Criticism, Helen was shocked.

“You could have floored me when I got the call,” she wrote to me, adding: “Perhaps I was chosen by the committee because of my advanced age; if so, I can’t complain. The quote that came to mind was Lowell’s ‘My head grizzled with the years’ gold garbage.’”

She was always doing that — attaching a quotation from poetry to a thought or experience of her own, as if she occupied the same room as all the great poets, living with them as closely as loved ones in a tenement.

Shelley called poets the “unacknowledged legislators of the world.” I never fully got that famous line. But if the legislators’ laws apply to feeling and conduct, I think he was onto something. If one reads poetry — ancient and modern — as deeply as Helen did, and stays with it, and lets it roll around in one’s head, the effect is transporting. You find yourself in a better realm of feeling and language. And nothing of the noisier outer world — not Donald Trump, not Taylor Swift — can get to you.

In our last exchange of letters, Helen told me about the death she was arranging for herself. I was brokenhearted to realize that I was losing someone who had given me and countless others so much thought and joy. Her last words to me were telling, though, and settled the matter as only practical, spiritual Helen could:

I feel not a whit sad at the fact of death, but massively sad at leaving friends behind, among whom you count dearly. I have always known what my true feelings are by whatever line of poetry rises unbidden to my mind on any occasion; to my genuine happiness, this time was a line from Herbert’s “Evensong,” in which God (always in Herbert, more like Jesus than Jehovah), says to the poet, “Henceforth repose; your work is done.”

She closed her letter as I closed my response. “Love and farewell.”

Roger Rosenblatt is the author, most recently, of “Cataract Blues: Running the Keyboard.”

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