Identify
Explore
Discover
Discuss
Summarise
Describe
Last, format your objectives into a numbered list. This is because when you write your thesis or dissertation, you will at times need to make reference to a specific research objective; structuring your research objectives in a numbered list will provide a clear way of doing this.
To bring all this together, let’s compare the first research objective in the previous example with the above guidance:
Research Objective:
1. Develop finite element models using explicit dynamics to mimic mallet blows during cup/shell insertion, initially using simplified experimentally validated foam models to represent the acetabulum.
Checking Against Recommended Approach:
Q: Is it specific? A: Yes, it is clear what the student intends to do (produce a finite element model), why they intend to do it (mimic cup/shell blows) and their parameters have been well-defined ( using simplified experimentally validated foam models to represent the acetabulum ).
Q: Is it measurable? A: Yes, it is clear that the research objective will be achieved once the finite element model is complete.
Q: Is it achievable? A: Yes, provided the student has access to a computer lab, modelling software and laboratory data.
Q: Is it relevant? A: Yes, mimicking impacts to a cup/shell is fundamental to the overall aim of understanding how they deform when impacted upon.
Q: Is it timebound? A: Yes, it is possible to create a limited-scope finite element model in a relatively short time, especially if you already have experience in modelling.
Q: Does it start with a verb? A: Yes, it starts with ‘develop’, which makes the intent of the objective immediately clear.
Q: Is it a numbered list? A: Yes, it is the first research objective in a list of eight.
1. making your research aim too broad.
Having a research aim too broad becomes very difficult to achieve. Normally, this occurs when a student develops their research aim before they have a good understanding of what they want to research. Remember that at the end of your project and during your viva defence , you will have to prove that you have achieved your research aims; if they are too broad, this will be an almost impossible task. In the early stages of your research project, your priority should be to narrow your study to a specific area. A good way to do this is to take the time to study existing literature, question their current approaches, findings and limitations, and consider whether there are any recurring gaps that could be investigated .
Note: Achieving a set of aims does not necessarily mean proving or disproving a theory or hypothesis, even if your research aim was to, but having done enough work to provide a useful and original insight into the principles that underlie your research aim.
Be realistic about what you can achieve in the time you have available. It is natural to want to set ambitious research objectives that require sophisticated data collection and analysis, but only completing this with six months before the end of your PhD registration period is not a worthwhile trade-off.
Each research objective should have its own purpose and distinct measurable outcome. To this effect, a common mistake is to form research objectives which have large amounts of overlap. This makes it difficult to determine when an objective is truly complete, and also presents challenges in estimating the duration of objectives when creating your project timeline. It also makes it difficult to structure your thesis into unique chapters, making it more challenging for you to write and for your audience to read.
Fortunately, this oversight can be easily avoided by using SMART objectives.
Hopefully, you now have a good idea of how to create an effective set of aims and objectives for your research project, whether it be a thesis, dissertation or research paper. While it may be tempting to dive directly into your research, spending time on getting your aims and objectives right will give your research clear direction. This won’t only reduce the likelihood of problems arising later down the line, but will also lead to a more thorough and coherent research project.
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Home » Thesis – Structure, Example and Writing Guide
Table of contents.
Definition:
Thesis is a scholarly document that presents a student’s original research and findings on a particular topic or question. It is usually written as a requirement for a graduate degree program and is intended to demonstrate the student’s mastery of the subject matter and their ability to conduct independent research.
The concept of a thesis can be traced back to ancient Greece, where it was used as a way for students to demonstrate their knowledge of a particular subject. However, the modern form of the thesis as a scholarly document used to earn a degree is a relatively recent development.
The origin of the modern thesis can be traced back to medieval universities in Europe. During this time, students were required to present a “disputation” in which they would defend a particular thesis in front of their peers and faculty members. These disputations served as a way to demonstrate the student’s mastery of the subject matter and were often the final requirement for earning a degree.
In the 17th century, the concept of the thesis was formalized further with the creation of the modern research university. Students were now required to complete a research project and present their findings in a written document, which would serve as the basis for their degree.
The modern thesis as we know it today has evolved over time, with different disciplines and institutions adopting their own standards and formats. However, the basic elements of a thesis – original research, a clear research question, a thorough review of the literature, and a well-argued conclusion – remain the same.
The structure of a thesis may vary slightly depending on the specific requirements of the institution, department, or field of study, but generally, it follows a specific format.
Here’s a breakdown of the structure of a thesis:
This is the first page of the thesis that includes the title of the thesis, the name of the author, the name of the institution, the department, the date, and any other relevant information required by the institution.
This is a brief summary of the thesis that provides an overview of the research question, methodology, findings, and conclusions.
This page provides a list of all the chapters and sections in the thesis and their page numbers.
This chapter provides an overview of the research question, the context of the research, and the purpose of the study. The introduction should also outline the methodology and the scope of the research.
This chapter provides a critical analysis of the relevant literature on the research topic. It should demonstrate the gap in the existing knowledge and justify the need for the research.
This chapter provides a detailed description of the research methods used to gather and analyze data. It should explain the research design, the sampling method, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures.
This chapter presents the findings of the research. It should include tables, graphs, and charts to illustrate the results.
This chapter interprets the results and relates them to the research question. It should explain the significance of the findings and their implications for the research topic.
This chapter summarizes the key findings and the main conclusions of the research. It should also provide recommendations for future research.
This section provides a list of all the sources cited in the thesis. The citation style may vary depending on the requirements of the institution or the field of study.
This section includes any additional material that supports the research, such as raw data, survey questionnaires, or other relevant documents.
Here are some steps to help you write a thesis:
Example of Thesis template for Students:
Title of Thesis
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
Chapter 4: Results
Chapter 5: Discussion
Chapter 6: Conclusion
References:
Appendices:
Note: That’s just a basic template, but it should give you an idea of the structure and content that a typical thesis might include. Be sure to consult with your department or supervisor for any specific formatting requirements they may have. Good luck with your thesis!
Thesis is an important academic document that serves several purposes. Here are some of the applications of thesis:
The purpose of a thesis is to present original research findings in a clear and organized manner. It is a formal document that demonstrates a student’s ability to conduct independent research and contribute to the knowledge in their field of study. The primary purposes of a thesis are:
The timing for writing a thesis depends on the specific requirements of the academic program or institution. In most cases, the opportunity to write a thesis is typically offered at the graduate level, but there may be exceptions.
Generally, students should plan to write their thesis during the final year of their graduate program. This allows sufficient time for conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis. It is important to start planning the thesis early and to identify a research topic and research advisor as soon as possible.
In some cases, students may be able to write a thesis as part of an undergraduate program or as an independent research project outside of an academic program. In such cases, it is important to consult with faculty advisors or mentors to ensure that the research is appropriately designed and executed.
It is important to note that the process of writing a thesis can be time-consuming and requires a significant amount of effort and dedication. It is important to plan accordingly and to allocate sufficient time for conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis.
The characteristics of a thesis vary depending on the specific academic program or institution. However, some general characteristics of a thesis include:
There are several advantages to writing a thesis, including:
There are also some limitations to writing a thesis, including:
Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer
If you're unsure if your research proposal requires a schedule or work plan, please consult your project handbook and/or speak with your instructor, advisor, or supervisor.
The information about schedules or work plans in proposals was gathered from RRU thesis and major project handbooks, current in 2020, from programs in the Faculty of Social and Applied Sciences, the Faculty of Management, and the College of Interdisciplinary Studies. If the details here differ from the information provided in the handbook for your project, please follow the handbook's directions.
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How Do I Plan the Various Stages of My Research Project?
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What Do I Need to Know About Time and Timetabling?
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I'm a new PhD student, wrapping up my first year of coursework. To date, I haven't published any papers, and my body of work is essentially null. For this semester's class project in one of my courses, my professor has tasked me with using the IEEE format for papers and using the following sections to describe my project:
He seems very enthusiastic about the project that I coded, and the notion seems to be that he wants to send the paper off to a summer conference. I know this must be a growing pain as a young academic, resulting from lack of experience. How do I go about composing a Related Work section? Is it as simple as rummaging through conference papers published in my field on related topics? Do I need to look through the ACM and IEEE databases for articles that relate to my work? I certainly don't have anything that I've previously written/published to put in this section; any advice from someone with more experience would be immensely appreciated!
The problem here is likely deeper than just how to write a related work section. In order to publish a (good) scientific paper, you need to be able to compare your results to prior results---often directly and quantitatively in your experimental section.
If you already have prior methods that you are comparing to in your experimental section, then that's a good seed for your related work. Look at the papers describing those methods; look at papers that they cite and papers that cite them. By spending a few days wandering around in this web of literature, you are likely to be able to get a good sense of what else is out there and which of those pieces of work are most significant overall or most closely related to your own.
If you don't have prior methods that you are comparing to, then you need to sit down with your professor and get some help. If you aren't comparing in some way, how can you establish that your work is a significant improvement worth publication?
In the Related Works section, you should discuss briefly about published matter that technically relates to your proposed work.
A short summary of what you can include (but not limited to) in the Related Works section:
Here is a link which might be useful Also in general the related work would be reviewing previous work here is a general link on Literature Review. If you already have one ready you just need to put out those which are more specific to your problem.
Also see https://researchguides.njit.edu/c.php?g=671658&p=4727571
https://beehive.cs.princeton.edu/wiki/writing/how-to-write-a-related-work-section/#:~:text=Goals%20of%20a%20related%20work%20section&text=The%20section%20should%20include%20methods,was%20inspired%20by%20their%20work .
This is what I usually suggest to my students. This link to my website contains a selection of videos that can help you depending on where you are in your journey.
You also may want to consider the following tips on my website for reading, selecting and categorizing the works that you want to include:
Not the answer you're looking for browse other questions tagged publications computer-science writing ..
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Writing a winning thesis or dissertation: guidance for an education graduate student.
Posted on July 31, 2024 on Graduate School , Seahawk Nation
Whether you’re thinking about pursuing an advanced degree in education or are already in such a program, one thing you will need to be prepared for is writing a thesis or dissertation. In most graduate-level education programs, a thesis or dissertation is the culmination of years of challenging work, serving as your own independent research that marks the final step before earning your graduate degree.
If writing a dissertation or thesis sounds like a daunting task, it does not have to be. With a little preparation and some best practices in mind, you can approach writing a thesis or dissertation with confidence.
Before writing a thesis or dissertation, it’s important to understand their general scope and purpose, along with some key differences between a thesis and a dissertation. After all, while there are some similarities between the two, a dissertation and a thesis are not the same thing.
The primary purpose of a thesis or dissertation in an education graduate program is for students to demonstrate what they have learned in their respective programs while applying their own research, theory, analysis and synthesis. Ultimately, the author of a thesis or dissertation should successfully contribute something new to the existing topic. In dissertations specifically, students may also be required to articulate, discuss and defend their research orally in front of professors or other faculty members. This oral defense is not required for a master’s thesis.
When it comes to writing a thesis or a dissertation, the terms “dissertation” and “thesis” are sometimes used interchangeably. That said, it is crucial to understand that these are two different things. Generally, a dissertation is primarily focused on filling a gap in existing literature or extending upon current research regarding a specific topic. The goal is to analyze literature to the point of saturation and determine where there is a need for further research. In a dissertation, a doctoral student will then explain where the problem exists given current research and develop a research study to explore or evaluate the problem, thus filling the gap and contributing meaningfully to the field.
On the other hand, a thesis is more of a presentation of information that’s already out there with no obligation to conduct additional research.
One of the most important aspects of drafting a great thesis or dissertation begins with choosing the right topic. Here, it is paramount to select a topic that not only interests you but is relevant to your future professional goals and aspirations. After all, there’s a good chance you may use your thesis or dissertation as a basis for future work or further research.
In selecting a topic, you will also want to consider current research trends in your field. What is trending in the realm of education and what could you contribute to existing research? There are research gaps or questions that remain unanswered about certain educational topics that could be addressed through your research.
In most graduate programs, you will need to write and present a research proposal before you can really get started on your thesis or dissertation. Most research proposals are reviewed and approved by a professor or other faculty.
A literature review is to discover the research available on your research topic. This review should detail each source you plan to use in your own research with plenty of detail. More specifically, a literature review is a comprehensive summary of the current literature on a given topic that demonstrates the need for additional research to be conducted. Literature reviews comprise a major portion of a proposal, including a summary of each source as it relates to the need for additional research.
Quality is vital when it comes to selecting literature for your research or literature review. Ideally, your literature review should include plenty of recent and reputable sources that come from academic journals, books, articles and even other dissertations.
Once you have a better understanding for what is already out there, you can craft a research proposal that discusses your specific research topic, the current problem, the purpose behind your research, the methodology you plan to use and the relevant literature that further defends a need for your topic to be investigated.
An important part of your research proposal will be your methodology selection, which will explain exactly how you plan to go about your research. For example, will your research be qualitative, quantitative or a mix of both and why? How will the methodology you choose answer your research questions?
After your research proposal is approved, you will have the green light to begin working on your thesis or dissertation. You will receive feedback or thesis guidance from the faculty member who reviewed your proposal. It is important to reflect on the feedback and make revisions as needed.
One of the most helpful things you can do as you get started with your dissertation or thesis is to create an outline. This allows you to develop the most critical aspects of your final project that include your thesis, your main points and other key details to ensure that they flow logically.
For reference, an outline for a dissertation will typically include the following:
In creating an outline, include designated sections for each of your main points with specific research, statistics, or other data to support it. This will ensure that your arguments are made clearly and that your thought process is clear.
Even if writing is not necessarily your strong suit, you will need to be able to put together a cohesive document for your thesis or dissertation. There are some basic strategies worth keeping in mind to help you get started.
First, it can be helpful to write your introduction and conclusion paragraphs last once you have completed all your research. While it might seem counterintuitive to do it this way, it can help set the tone for the rest of your writing. Likewise, this strategy ensures that you include your main points while preparing your readers for the information to come.
Additionally, meet with your advisor or faculty sponsor regularly to gain valuable feedback and keep your project on track.
Whether you are writing a thesis or dissertation, you will need to do a fair amount of your own qualitative or quantitative research. It’s important to understand the various data collection methods available to you, plus the best practices for analyzing and interpreting data.
There are two main types of data collection:
Once you have all the data you need to write your thesis or dissertation, the challenging part is often analyzing and interpreting the data to apply to your own research. The most important thing to keep in mind when looking at hard data is how it relates back to your research and specific research questions.
When working with quantitative data, it can also be helpful to look for specific trends and correlations that you can share in your research.
Once you have completed the first draft of your thesis or dissertation, the process of reviewing, revising and editing your work before submission is important to ensure that the document is free of errors and that it effectively communicates your main points to the reader.
One of the best ways to improve upon the first draft of your dissertation or thesis is through peer review and feedback. By having others read your draft and provide feedback, you can gain some valuable insights into how your arguments are being interpreted. Even if the person you ask to read your draft is not familiar with the subject matter, they can still provide useful feedback on the organization of the information, structure and grammar/spelling.
It may take several rounds of revisions before your dissertation or thesis is approved. Even when you feel like the entire thing is ready to submit, it is important to complete another round of proofreading and editing to be sure that the entire document is polished and in the best shape possible. This includes not just running a basic spell check but taking the time to read your paper word for word.
In most education programs, you will be instructed to use the American Psychological Association (APA) style when writing and formatting your thesis or dissertation. It is important to follow all formatting guidelines here, especially as they relate to citations or references.
In many doctorate programs and some graduate programs, students will also be expected to defend their dissertations in front of other scholars, usually professors or other faculty from the department. This process can be daunting, even for those who know their research well and have crafted thoughtful dissertations.
In preparing for a dissertation defense, it is imperative to craft a presentation that covers the basics of your dissertation topic, how you researched it and what your findings were. Following your presentation, you can expect to be asked questions by those in attendance about your topic and other aspects of your research.
The best way to prepare for a dissertation defense is to practice as much as possible. This way, you will be prepared for the kinds of questions that may be asked, and you will feel a little more confident when completing your defense.
Mock defense sessions can be especially helpful for practicing your presentation and answering questions from a real crowd. Do not hesitate to ask your fellow students or even some trusted professors to practice with you to provide feedback or ask questions.
One of the most difficult aspects of defending a dissertation is often answering questions from the audience. One important tip to keep in mind here is to prepare some answers in advance to some of the questions you think might be asked during your dissertation defense. This way, you will be completely prepared to knock these out of the park.
As you can see, there is a lot that goes into writing a dissertation or thesis as part of your graduate education program. With this dissertation guidance in mind, you will be prepared to craft and even defend your thesis or dissertation with success.
Still looking for the right graduate education program to suit your interests and professional goals? Keiser University is proud to offer a number of advanced degrees in education, including our Master of Science in Education, Teaching and Learning program. If you’re interested in earning your doctorate degree, we also offer a Doctor of Education and a Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Leadership .
Learn more about any of the graduate programs offered at Keiser University by contacting a graduate admissions counselor today, or get started with your online application for enrollment.
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Presenting your proposal to a stakeholder is a crucial opportunity to gain the confidence and support needed to begin realizing your academic dream. Your project proposal is the key to making this happen, so it's essential to ensure it is both professional and persuasive. This will increase your chances of getting the support you need. In this guide, I will show you how to write a compelling proposal, enabling you to successfully achieve your goals.
Understanding when to write a proposal and how to structure it effectively is crucial for success in many professional and academic contexts. Let's explore the scenarios that call for proposals and break down their typical structure.
Proposals are essential documents in various situations where you need to present an idea, plan, or solution to decision-makers or potential collaborators. Here are some common scenarios where proposals are necessary:
Business Projects:
When pitching a new product or service to potential clients
When seeking approval for an internal project from management
When responding to a Request for Proposal (RFP) from a potential client
Funding Requests:
When applying for grants from government agencies or private foundations
When seeking investment from venture capitalists or angel investors
When requesting an increased budget for a department or project
Academic and Research Contexts:
When proposing a research project or study
When applying for research funding or scholarships
When suggesting changes to academic curricula or programs
Community and Non-Profit Initiatives:
When proposing a community development project
When seeking partnerships with other organizations
When requesting support or resources from local government
Policy Changes:
When suggesting new policies or amendments to existing ones in an organization
When proposing legislative changes to government bodies
Event Planning:
When pitching an idea for a conference or large-scale event
When proposing a new company-wide initiative or program
Consulting Services:
When offering solutions to a client's specific problem
When proposing a long-term consulting arrangement
In essence, any situation where you need to persuade others to support your idea, provide resources, or take a specific action may call for a well-crafted proposal.
When crafting a proposal, understanding the function and importance of each structural element is crucial. Let's break down the most critical components:
1. Executive Summary: The executive summary is arguably the most crucial part of your proposal. It's often the first (and sometimes only) section that decision-makers read thoroughly.
2. Introduction (Problem Statement): The introduction sets the stage for your proposal by clearly defining the problem or need you're addressing.
3. Proposed Solution / Project Description: This section is the heart of your proposal. It's where you present your ideas and plans in detail.
4. Qualifications: In this section, you establish why you or your team are the right choice for this project.
5. Timeline: A clear timeline is crucial for setting expectations and demonstrating your planning abilities.
6. Budget: The budget section is critical, especially for proposals seeking funding.
7. Expected Outcomes / Benefits: This section ties everything together by clearly stating what will be achieved.
Remember, this structure is flexible and can be adapted to suit your specific needs and the expectations of your audience. Some proposals might combine or omit certain sections, while others might require additional components.
Understanding the different types of project proposals can help you create your document to best fit your audience and objectives. Here are six common types of project proposals with examples to illustrate each one:
1.Solicited Proposals
A solicited proposal is submitted in response to a Request for Proposal (RFP), where a project opportunity is announced, and you’re asked to submit a bid. For example, the city government issues an RFP seeking innovative solutions for sustainable urban development. Your proposal on the topic "Green Infrastructure Development for Urban Sustainability" will need to include thorough research on sustainable practices, detailed design plans, a well-thought-out budget, and a clear demonstration of your team’s expertise. The goal is to stand out among other competitors and convince the city that your plan is the best choice.
2.Unsolicited Proposals
An unsolicited proposal is when you propose a project idea without any prior request. For example, you notice a growing need for a new educational app that can enhance remote learning, and you pitch this idea to a tech company. Your proposal on the topic "Innovative Educational App for Remote Learning Enhancement" must be particularly compelling, showcasing the app’s unique features, explaining its market potential, and demonstrating how it aligns with the tech company’s goals. Persuading them to invest in your idea will require a strong, persuasive argument.
3.Informal Proposals
An informal proposal is submitted when a client shows interest in your services but hasn’t issued a formal RFP. For example, a potential client inquires about your web design services. Your proposal on the topic "Revamping XYZ Company's Online Presence with Modern Web Design" should be tailored to the client’s needs. Include examples of past work, timelines, and cost estimates to highlight your expertise and the benefits of your services. The aim is to convince the client that your approach will effectively enhance their online presence.
4.Renewal Proposals
A renewal proposal is used when you want to extend an existing contract with a client. For example, your marketing firm’s contract with a client is about to expire, and you wish to renew it. Your proposal on the topic "Extending Digital Marketing Services for Continued Growth" emphasizes the successes achieved during the current contract period, such as increased web traffic and lead generation. It also outlines future plans to demonstrate ongoing value, persuading the client that renewing the contract will continue to benefit their business.
5.Continuation Proposals
A continuation proposal is needed to update stakeholders on the progress of an ongoing project. For example, your research project on climate change impacts is progressing, and you need to inform the funding organization. Your proposal on the topic "Progress Update on Climate Change Impact Research" provides a detailed update on completed milestones, current activities, and upcoming steps. It keeps stakeholders informed and engaged by showing how the project is advancing towards its goals, without needing to persuade them of its value again.
6.Supplemental Proposals
A supplemental proposal is used when you need additional resources for an ongoing project. For example, halfway through developing a new AI product, you realize you need more funding. Your proposal on the topic "Request for Additional Resources for Advanced AI Product Development" explains the progress made so far, identifies why additional resources are necessary (such as encountering unforeseen technical challenges), and persuasively argues for the extra investment. The objective is to ensure stakeholders understand the need for more support to successfully complete the project.
Learning how to write a proposal for a project or research paper is a vital skill that can open doors to new opportunities, secure funding, or attract clients. However, many students find themselves overwhelmed and confused after browsing various online tutorials and guides. To address this, I’ve created a straightforward guide that outlines how to write a proposal step by step, with examples to ensure that your next proposal achieves the desired results.
The first step in writing a stellar proposal is to set the stage with a strong introduction. This is your chance to make a lasting first impression, so make it count!
Begin by clearly stating who you are and why you're uniquely qualified to address the issue at hand. Provide relevant background information about yourself or your organization that establishes credibility.
For example:
As the lead researcher at Green Solutions Inc., with over a decade of experience in sustainable urban planning, I'm writing to propose an innovative solution to our city's growing traffic congestion problem. |
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Next, delve into defining the problem. Paint a vivid picture of the issue you're addressing, using data and real-world examples to illustrate its significance. This helps your reader understand the urgency and importance of finding a solution. For instance:
Our city has seen a 40% increase in traffic congestion over the past five years, resulting in an average commute time of 45 minutes for a mere 10-mile journey. This not only impacts productivity but also contributes to increased carbon emissions and decreased quality of life for our residents. |
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By clearly defining the problem, you're setting the stage for your proposed solution and demonstrating your thorough understanding of the situation.
With the problem clearly defined, it's time to articulate the purpose of your proposal and present your solution. This is where you transition from the problem to the possibility of positive change.
Start by explicitly stating the purpose of your proposal. Are you seeking funding? Approval for a new project? Or perhaps you're offering services to solve a specific issue? Be clear and direct.
The purpose of this proposal is to secure funding and approval for implementing a smart traffic management system that will revolutionize our city's traffic flow. |
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Now, it's time to shine the spotlight on your solution. Present it with confidence, highlighting how it directly addresses the problem you've outlined. Be sure to:
Explain your solution in clear, jargon-free language
Highlight the key features and benefits
Demonstrate how it solves the problem more effectively than existing solutions
For instance:
Our proposed smart traffic management system utilizes AI-powered sensors and adaptive traffic lights to optimize traffic flow in real-time. By analyzing traffic patterns and adjusting signal timings accordingly, we can reduce average commute times by up to 30% and decrease idle time at intersections by 40%. This not only improves efficiency but also significantly reduces carbon emissions from idling vehicles. |
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Always strive to make this part as clear as possible, and ensure your solution is both innovative and feasible. It’s crucial to balance ambition with practicality to maintain credibility. If you need help improving your writing, use the WPS AI 'Improve Writing' feature. This will enable you to present your purpose and solution most effectively, helping your readers understand the proposal better.
With your solution presented, it's crucial to outline clear goals, objectives, and deliverables. This step transforms your idea from a concept into an actionable plan, giving your proposal structure and measurability.
Start by defining your overarching goals. These are the big-picture outcomes you aim to achieve.
Our primary goal is to reduce overall traffic congestion in the city by 35% within the first year of implementation, leading to improved quality of life for residents and a significant reduction in carbon emissions. |
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Next, break down these goals into specific, measurable objectives. These should be SMART: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. For instance:
"Decrease average commute times by 30% within six months of system implementation."
"Reduce traffic-related carbon emissions by 25% within the first year."
"Improve emergency vehicle response times by 40% within three months of launch."
Finally, outline the concrete deliverables of your project. These are the tangible outcomes or products that you'll provide. Be specific about what will be delivered, when, and in what form.
Installation of AI-powered traffic sensors at 100 key intersections across the city, completed within the first three months. Development and launch of a user-friendly mobile app for real-time traffic updates and optimal route suggestions, available to the public by month four. Monthly progress reports detailing traffic flow improvements, emission reductions, and system performance metrics. |
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By clearly defining your goals, objectives, and deliverables, you provide a roadmap for success and offer decision-makers concrete metrics to evaluate your proposal's potential impact. To enhance the impact of your objectives, consider presenting them in a bullet list or table format . While this may require some effort in formatting, you can streamline the process by using the WPS AI 'Change Layout' feature to quickly adjust the layout.
In a sea of proposals, it's crucial to make yours stand out. This step is all about showcasing your unique qualifications, innovative approaches, or any other factors that make your proposal the best choice.
Start by identifying your unique selling points (USPs). These could be:
Specialized expertise or experience
Innovative technology or methodologies
Proven track record of success in similar projects
Strong partnerships or collaborations
Cost-effectiveness or efficiency of your approach
What sets our proposal apart is our team's unique blend of expertise in AI, urban planning, and environmental science. We've successfully implemented similar systems in three major cities, resulting in an average 40% reduction in traffic congestion. Our proprietary AI algorithms, developed in partnership with leading computer science researchers at XYZ University, offer unparalleled accuracy in predicting and managing traffic patterns. |
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Don't be afraid to draw comparisons with alternative solutions, highlighting why yours is superior. However, maintain a professional tone and avoid disparaging competitors. Instead, focus on the strengths of your approach:
While traditional traffic management systems rely on fixed timing patterns, our adaptive AI-driven approach continuously learns and adjusts in real-time. This flexibility allows our system to handle unexpected traffic surges or road closures more effectively, providing a level of responsiveness that static systems simply can't match. |
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Remember to back up your claims with evidence whenever possible. This might include data from previous projects, testimonials from satisfied clients, endorsements from industry experts, or findings from research projects. For assistance in quickly gathering such evidence, consider asking the WPS AI chatbot for help.
Now that you've convinced your reader why your proposal is the best choice, it's time to get down to the nitty-gritty details of how you'll make it happen. This step is all about demonstrating that you have a well-thought-out plan for implementation.
Start by outlining your plan of action. Break down the project into clear phases or steps, explaining what will be done in each.
Next, present a detailed project schedule. A Gantt chart or timeline can be an effective visual aid here. Be sure to include key milestones and deadlines. To make it professional, consider using Gantt chart templates available on WPS. These professionally designed templates can save you time, and you can edit and format them directly in WPS Spreadsheet to personalize them as needed.
Finally, provide a comprehensive budget breakdown. Be transparent about costs and how funds will be allocated.
Total project budget: $5,000,000 Breakdown: Hardware (sensors, adaptive traffic lights): $2,500,000 Software development and AI implementation: $1,000,000 Installation and infrastructure upgrades: $750,000 Staff training and capacity building: $250,000 Ongoing maintenance and support (Year 1): $500,000 |
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Explain how this budget offers value for money, perhaps by comparing it to the potential savings or benefits the project will bring:
While the initial investment is significant, our projections show that the system will result in annual savings of $7,000,000 through reduced fuel consumption, increased productivity, and decreased road maintenance costs. This means the project will pay for itself within the first year of operation. |
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By providing a clear plan, schedule, and budget, you're demonstrating that you've thought through all aspects of the project and are ready to hit the ground running.
As we approach the conclusion of your proposal, it's time to bring all the elements together and leave a lasting impression. This step is about reinforcing the key points of your proposal and compelling your reader to take action.
Start by summarizing the main points of your proposal. Remind the reader of:
The problem you're addressing and its significance
Your innovative solution and how it solves the problem
Your unique qualifications and what sets you apart
The clear goals, objectives, and deliverables you've outlined
Your well-structured plan, timeline, and budget
In summary, our city faces a critical challenge with traffic congestion that impacts productivity, quality of life, and our environment. Our proposed AI-driven smart traffic management system offers a cutting-edge solution that can reduce commute times by 30%, decrease emissions by 25%, and pay for itself within the first year. With our team's unique expertise and proven track record, we're confident in our ability to deliver this transformative project on time and within budget. |
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Next, reinforce the benefits of your solution. Paint a picture of the positive outcomes that will result from implementing your proposal. This helps the reader envision the future you're proposing:
Imagine a city where traffic flows smoothly, where emergency vehicles reach their destinations in record time, where air quality improves as emissions decrease, and where citizens gain back precious hours of their day. This is the future our proposal offers – not just a solution to a problem, but a pathway to a more efficient, sustainable, and livable city. |
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Finally, end with a clear and compelling call to action. Be specific about what you want the reader to do next. This could be scheduling a meeting, approving the proposal, or taking the next step in the decision-making process. Make it easy for them to say yes:
I invite you to take the next step towards transforming our city's traffic management. Let's schedule a meeting next week to discuss the proposal in detail and address any questions you may have. I'm available at your convenience and look forward to the opportunity to elaborate on how we can bring this vision to life. Together, we can pave the way for a smarter, more efficient future for our city. |
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By tying everything together and providing a clear next step, you're making it as easy as possible for the decision-maker to move forward with your proposal. But don’t get carried away; make sure you’re not just talking for the sake of it. Keep it concise and to the point—if it’s too long, the reader might not read it thoroughly. To avoid such situations, try using WPS AI’s 'Make Shorter' feature to condense your content a bit.
The final step in crafting your proposal is to close it professionally and ensure that you're easily reachable for any follow-up questions or discussions. This step, while often overlooked, is crucial in maintaining the professional tone of your proposal and facilitating further communication.
Start with a brief closing paragraph that expresses your enthusiasm for the project and your appreciation for the reader's time and consideration.
"Thank you for taking the time to review this proposal. I'm excited about the potential of this project to revolutionize our city's traffic management and improve the daily lives of our citizens. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss this further and answer any questions you may have." |
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Next, provide your full contact details. This should include:
Your full name and title Company name (if applicable) Phone number (preferably both office and mobile) Email address Physical address (if relevant) |
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You might also consider including your availability for follow-up discussions:
I'm available for a call or meeting at your convenience. My usual office hours are Monday to Friday, 9 AM to 5 PM, but I'm happy to accommodate your schedule for this important discussion. |
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If there are any supporting documents or appendices that accompany your proposal, mention them here and explain how to access them:
For more detailed information, please refer to the attached appendices, which include our full technical specifications, case studies from our previous projects, and letters of recommendation from city planners we've worked with. |
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Finally, end with a courteous and forward-looking statement:
Once again, thank you for your consideration. I'm looking forward to the possibility of working together to bring this innovative solution to our city. |
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By closing your proposal professionally and providing comprehensive contact information, you're ensuring that the lines of communication remain open. You're making it easy for the decision-maker to reach out, ask questions, and take the next steps toward bringing your proposal to life.
Before sending out your proposal, make sure to use the WPS AI spell check to ensure your proposal is error-free. You don’t want a perfectly structured proposal with a great idea to be communicated with any grammatical errors, as it leaves a bad impression.
Here are some examples of proposal formats to help illustrate how well-structured proposals can look:
1.Research Proposal
2.Project Proposal
3.Business Proposal
Your proposal should convey the message in the clearest way possible, avoiding unnecessary tangents and ensuring your message is simple yet persuasive. This approach helps prevent your proposal from coming across as immature or impulsive. WPS Office ensures your project proposal is well-written, allowing you to clearly state your objectives while leaving the rest to its robust features.
WPS Office can assist you with various proposal-related tasks, including:
Outline Your Proposal:
WPS Office helps you create a structured outline for your proposal, ensuring all key components are covered. This includes sections for the executive summary, project background, proposed solution, deliverables, required resources, and conclusion. A clear outline guides your writing, making sure you don't miss any important points and that your proposal flows logically.
Summarize Key Points:
WPS Office assists in summarizing the key points of your proposal effectively. With its AI capabilities, it can highlight the most important aspects of your project, ensuring that the summary is concise and compelling. This feature helps in capturing the essence of your proposal in a way that grabs the attention of stakeholders and makes them want to read more.
Grammar and Style Check:
To ensure your proposal is professional and polished, WPS Office offers comprehensive grammar and style checks. It corrects grammatical errors, suggests better word choices, and enhances the overall readability of your document. This ensures that your proposal is free of mistakes and written in a clear, professional tone.
Formatting Assistance:
Proper formatting is crucial for making your proposal look professional and easy to read. WPS Office provides formatting assistance, helping you with the layout, font styles, headings, bullet points, and other formatting elements. This ensures your proposal is visually appealing and organized in a way that highlights the most important information.
1. why are proposals important.
Proposals are crucial as they provide a clear presentation of an idea and outline your needs in writing, aiding supervisors in making informed decisions. They enable you to make a structured, logical argument, reflecting your commitment and careful consideration. A well-prepared proposal demonstrates that your idea is well thought out rather than a spontaneous suggestion. To maximize its impact, ensure that you thoroughly review and refine the proposal before submission.
A project proposal is a comprehensive document that outlines the details of a project. It explains the project's purpose, importance, implementation plan, and estimated costs. It also specifies the team involved and how success will be measured. This proposal is designed to convince stakeholders, including managers, investors, or potential partners, of the project's worth and to obtain the resources needed for its successful implementation.
The length of a proposal depends on how detailed the project is and what the recipient requires. It can be as short as a few pages for straightforward proposals or as long as numerous pages, such as 20, for more in-depth plans.
When writing a proposal, remember to be confident in what you present because your display of confidence is crucial in impacting your success in getting approval. Research thoroughly and gather all the necessary support to strengthen your proposal. As you build your confidence, don't forget to utilize WPS Office while figuring out how to write a proposal because there is no better tool to help you write your proposal better. Download WPS Office now and create a phenomenal proposal that will astound your audience.
15 years of office industry experience, tech lover and copywriter. Follow me for product reviews, comparisons, and recommendations for new apps and software.
Kamala harris has no problem with an economic agenda that expands government's reach and power and places burdensome restraints on the free market..
I know you learned in school that socialism doesn't work. Apparently, Vice President Kamala Harris didn't.
But what do you know? You iPhone-carrying, Starbucks-sipping, freedom-loving American? Haven't you wondered what it would be like if your president gave away things for free? Things like a house? And groceries?
Enter Kamalanomics .
Hold on, it's a ride through utopia.
At a rally Friday in North Carolina, Harris, the Democratic nominee for president, unveiled a home ownership plan as part of her economic agenda, one designed to conveniently garner her the votes she needs to win this election without worrying about annoying details like how to pay the bills in the years ahead.
According to Harris' proposal, qualified homebuyers who have paid their rent on time for at least two years and are looking to buy their first home could be eligible for up to $25,000 in down payment assistance . First-generation home owners could receive even more.
It brings a whole new meaning to "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness."
“The Biden-Harris administration initially proposed providing $25,000 in downpayment assistance only for 400,000 first-generation home buyers – or homebuyers whose parents don’t own a home – and a $10,000 tax credit for first-time home buyers,” a campaign fact sheet said . “Vice President Harris’s plan will simplify and significantly expand that plan by providing on average $25,000 for all eligible first-time home buyers, while ensuring full participation by first-generation home buyers.”
A free down payment? What a deal! But I have a few questions: Where will that money come from? What will it do to home prices? Wouldn't a line of new buyers with $25,000 on hand drive up the price of homes?
No thanks, Oprah. I mean, Kamala.
No tax on tips: What if I told you Kamala Harris' best idea is actually Donald Trump's?
We've all watched as inflation created a nightmare for Americans just trying to feed their families.
From 2017 through 2020, food prices increased by a total of 8.9%. From 2021 until this summer, the cost of groceries rose 21.6%. So $100 of ground beef, eggs, milk and bread, now costs more than $120.
Even after the rate of inflation slows, as it has now, the new, higher prices remain.
Harris has a cure for that: As a part of her economic plan, she would place a federal ban on price gouging for groceries . Her presidential campaign claims that she will set "clear rules of the road to make clear that big corporations can’t unfairly exploit consumers to run up excessive corporate profits on food and groceries .”
When I read that, I laughed. No one with a half-way functioning brain thinks that inflation, which caused high prices, at the local grocer is due to price gouging by corporations.
This is a lie from one of the oldest tricks in the book: Demonize companies for abiding by capitalistic principles and then propose reforms that throttle businesses by placing the government at the helm.
Of course, a federal ban on price gouging won't actually help Americans' finances. It won't slow down inflation or return food prices to what they were before the Biden administration's policies unleashed the surge in prices. Government controls could even lead to shortages or hoarding of some items.
I know Trump is awful. But he's still better for America than Harris.
An opinion headline at The Washington Post quips , "When your opponent calls you 'communist,' maybe don't propose price controls?" Writer Catherine Rampell, who is not exactly a raging conservative, obliterates Harris' policy plan, saying it would be "a sweeping set of government-enforced price controls across every industry, not only food. Supply and demand would no longer determine prices or profit levels. Far-off Washington bureaucrats would."
I think we should pass.
Let's be real: What's wrong with giving a hardworking family who wants to be homeowners money for a down payment? What's wrong with describing inflation as "price gouging" and forcing companies to keep prices at a rate set by Washington? What's wrong with giving a $6,000 tax credit for a family with a newborn ? (I favor some child tax credit scenarios, as long as they don't become welfare programs.)
Most of these are ideas rooted in a socialist approach to economics − one that's been shown over and over again to fail.
Opinion newsletter: Sign up for our newsletter on conservative values, family and religion from columnist Nicole Russell. Get it delievered to your inbox .
Harris' policy ideas stem from thinking that the government, not the people, is the most powerful entity in America. So the vice president has no problem with an economic agenda that expands government's reach and power and places burdensome restraints on the free market.
Voters should reject Harris' economic ideas. Instead, they should embrace ideas that aid the free market, encourage personal responsibility and cut taxes to help more Americans thrive.
Nicole Russell is an opinion columnist with USA TODAY. She lives in Texas with her four kids. Sign up for her newsletter, The Right Track , and get it delivered to your inbox .
You can read diverse opinions from our USA TODAY columnists and other writers on the Opinion front page , on X, formerly Twitter, @usatodayopinion and in our Opinion newsletter .
One of the authors of Project 2025 claimed former President Donald Trump has “blessed” the project and is “very supportive of what we do,” according to a secret recording released Thursday—the latest report tying Trump to Project 2025 even as the ex-president has publicly disavowed it.
President Donald Trump speaks at the Heritage Foundation's annual President's Club meeting on Oct. ... [+] 17, 2017 in Washington.
Project 2025 is a multi-pronged effort spearheaded by the Heritage Foundation, with help from other conservative organizations, aimed at preparing for the next conservative administration—namely a second Trump administration—which has primarily garnered criticism for its 900-page policy blueprint proposing a total overhaul of the executive branch, which was first released last year.
Trump decried Project 2025 on Truth Social in July, saying he has “nothing to do with them” and calling some of its ideas “absolutely ridiculous and abysmal,” and his campaign advisor Chris LaCivita has also slammed the group and called the operation “a pain in the ass” to the Trump campaign—even as ties have emerged between the ex-president, his running mate Sen. JD Vance, R-Ohio, and the Heritage Foundation.
Russell Vought: The left-wing Centre for Climate Reporting published secret footage Thursday of two people posing as donors and speaking with Vought—a former Trump administration staffer who runs a right-wing group and authored a chapter of Project 2025—who said he’s “not worried” about Trump distancing himself from Project 2025, claiming the ex-president “blessed” the project and “is very supportive of what we do.”
Kevin Roberts: Trump flew on a private jet with Heritage Foundation President Kevin Roberts in 2022, the Washington Post reported , before speaking at a Heritage Foundation event, and he also praised Roberts in a February speech as “doing an unbelievable job.”
Public Comments: Trump publicly cheered the Heritage Foundation’s policy work in the past, saying in 2022—before Project 2025’s agenda was released—that the organization was “going to lay the groundwork and detail plans for exactly what our movement will do … when the American people give us a colossal mandate.”
Project 2025 Briefing: Roberts told the Post in April he had briefed Trump on Project 2025, saying he “personally [has] talked to President Trump about Project 2025 … because my role in the project has been to make sure that all of the candidates who have responded to our offer for a briefing on Project 2025 get one from me.”
JD Vance: Roberts has even closer ties to Vance , with the Heritage leader telling Politico in March the senator was “absolutely going to be one of the leaders—if not the leader—of our movement” and saying after Vance was named as Trump’s running mate that the Heritage Foundation had been privately “really rooting” for him to be the pick.
Kevin Roberts’ Book: Vance also wrote the foreword to Roberts’ forthcoming book outlining “a peaceful ‘Second American Revolution’” for conservative voters, in which Vance reportedly quotes Roberts as saying, “It’s time to circle the wagons and load the muskets” and praises the Heritage Foundation as “the most influential engine of ideas for Republicans from Ronald Reagan to Donald Trump.”
Project 2025 Authors: More than 140 former members of the Trump administration are involved with Project 2025, according to CNN , including six of his former Cabinet secretaries—and several people authored chapters whom the Post reports Trump has suggested could be in his second administration, including former advisor Peter Navarro, former Housing Secretary Ben Carson and former acting Defense Secretary Christopher Miller.
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LaCivita has denounced reports suggesting Trump is involved with Project 2025 because it was authored by people who once worked in his White House as “pure speculation,” saying about the authors’ former Trump administration roles, “So what?” The Post also reported that while Trump flew with Roberts in 2022, a Heritage Foundation source said Roberts tried to bring up Project 2025 to the ex-president but he “seemed uninterested and moved on to another subject.” (The Trump campaign denied the ex-president spoke with Roberts about Project 2025 during the flight.) Though Vance has many reported ties to the Heritage Foundation, the VP candidate has also said while he thinks there are “some good ideas” in Project 2025, there are also ones he “disagrees” with, and has denied it having any connection to the Trump campaign.
“Project 2025 has never and will never be an accurate reflection of President Trump’s policies,” Trump campaign spokeswoman Karoline Leavitt told the Post after it reported Trump’s ties to Roberts. “As President Trump himself and our campaign leadership have repeatedly stated, President Trump’s 20 promises to the forgotten men and women and the RNC platform are the only policies endorsed by President Trump for a second term.”
Project 2025 ’s 900-page policy guide calls for a sweeping overhaul of the executive branch in line with conservative principles, such as emphasizing the nuclear family, preserving U.S. sovereignty and dismantling the so-called “administrative state.” It calls for broadly upending the federal workforce to replace career civil servants with political appointees, and proposes abolishing some federal agencies entirely, including the Departments of Education and Homeland Security. Its specific proposals are largely in line with conservative views, including getting rid of climate change and LGBTQ rights initiatives, ending student loan forgiveness and rescinding the federal approval for abortion drug mifepristone. It also proposes imposing baseline tax rates and overhauling the Federal Reserve to either end the government’s control over money entirely or return the U.S. to the gold standard, among other recommendations. Many of the measures are in line with Trump’s own Agenda47 suite of policy proposals, though others diverge with Trump’s views, such as imposing national abortion restrictions while Trump has called for leaving the issue up to the states.
While Project 2025 has completed its policy blueprint, the Heritage Foundation confirmed on July 30 it’s still moving forward with its plans to help staff a future Trump administration, which includes a LinkedIn-style database for potential federal employees, and training programs. It’s less clear what’s happening with the “fourth pillar” of Project 2025, a playbook for the first 180 days of a second Trump presidency. The Heritage Foundation did not respond to a question about whether those efforts were still moving forward, and House Democrats sent a letter to Roberts asking about the status of the playbook, noting he has “conspicuously declined to publish or disclose” anything about the policy recommendations it’s making as part of that initiative. The secret footage released Thursday suggests they will not release that playbook, with Vought saying the plans are “very, very closely held,” and an aide telling the undercover reporters Heritage is purposely concealing discussions about the playbook to ensure it can’t be obtained by journalists who file Freedom of Information Act requests for government communications.
What will happen with Heritage Foundation staffers and Project 2025 authors if Trump wins. The Post previously reported Trump campaign advisors have threatened to blacklist anyone involved with the project, leaving some Heritage employees to discuss quitting in order to protect their future job prospects, though it remains unclear how any staffing would actually play out should Trump win. Citing an anonymous Project 2025 official, the Post reported Wednesday some authors of Project 2025 see the Trump backlash “as a disaster, a catastrophe, [and] that it’s really bad for them,” while others “think it’s going to blow over.”
The Heritage Foundation, a major right-wing think tank, has provided policy recommendations to all incoming conservative administrations since Ronald Reagan’s presidency, and first released its ambitious policy agenda for 2025 last year. The policy blueprint has only gained national prominence recently as it’s come under fire from the left, with the Biden (now Harris) campaign painting it as an extreme agenda that should dissuade voters from electing Trump. That outcry fueled the Trump campaign’s disavowal of it, with Trump’s post decrying it giving Project 2025 further visibility. Heritage officials have made several moves in recent weeks in light of the backlash: Project 2025 president Paul Dans stepped down from his position on July 30, and Roberts delayed the publication of his book with Vance’s foreword from September until after the election. The Heritage Foundation said Dans’ departure comes as Project 2025 completed its policy work as scheduled, and said it delayed Roberts’ book in order to focus efforts on the election.
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Economists who spoke to ABC News disagreed sharply over the measure.
A highly-anticipated economic agenda to be unveiled by Vice President Kamala Harris on Friday will include a federal ban on price gouging for food and groceries, the Harris campaign announced.
The proposal will be presented to voters alongside other plans to address elevated inflation, such as bolstered antitrust enforcement in the grocery sector and greater latitude to investigate corporate practices, the campaign said in a press release.
A ban on price gouging would in theory disallow food and grocery companies from hiking prices an excessive amount over a set period of time, economists told ABC News. They disagreed, however, on whether the measure could control the rise of food prices or if such an outcome is desirable.
Inflation remains a top issue for voters and a potential vulnerability for Harris, since rapid price increases emerged during the Biden administration. While inflation has fallen dramatically from its peak, consumers still face prices roughly 20% higher than where they stood before Biden took office.
In response to ABC News' request for comment, the Harris campaign provided a statement outlining its economic proposals.
"Vice President Harris knows that rising food prices remain a top concern for American families. Many big grocery chains that have seen production costs level off have nevertheless kept prices high and have seen their highest profits in two decades. While some food companies have passed along these savings, others still have not," the statement said.
Here's what to know about how this federal ban on price gouging would operate and whether it would be effective:
The Harris campaign said the measure would set "clear rules of the road to make clear that big corporations can't unfairly exploit consumers to run up excessive corporate profits on food and groceries."
Details on the policy remain limited, however. Economists told ABC News that the Harris proposal may end up resembling similar bans currently on the books in 37 states. Those bans prohibit companies from exploiting a sudden imbalance between supply and demand by significantly hiking prices.
"The typical example is a natural disaster. If a water company comes and sells water at double, triple or five times the price of what people can get it at five miles away, just to be able to take advantage of the situation – that's price gouging," Niko Lusiani, director of the corporate power program at progressive advocacy group Roosevelt Forward, told ABC News.
State bans define "price gouging" in various ways. Some measures establish a subjective set of criteria, such as a sudden and significant spike in prices; while others detail a specific numerical amount of price growth necessary to violate the law, Luis Cabral, a professor of economics at New York University who studies price gouging, told ABC News.
"It's not easy to measure," Cabral said, noting that qualitative definitions risk being overly vague while quantitative ones struggle to set the boundaries around what constitutes price gouging.
Many of the state-level bans on this practice set a condition that an emergency is necessary to trigger application of the law. The Harris proposal would likely omit such a stipulation, Lusiani said, since we are years removed from the outbreak of COVID-19.
"It'll clearly be different because now we're on the other side of the pandemic," Lusiani added, but he noted that current price hikes could be viewed as a result of that disruption.
The Harris campaign said it would enforce a ban by slapping offenders with financial penalties.
Most state price-gouging bans punish violators with civil penalties enforced by the state attorney general, while other measures impose criminal penalties, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures , a group that tracks state laws.
"Enforcement will be critical," Lusiani said. "A ban by itself won't stand on its own legs."
Economists disagreed sharply about whether a federal price-gouging ban would help control price increases and, if so, to what extent that outcome would benefit the economy.
The stark divide owed in part to a difference of opinion about the role of corporate profiteering in the pandemic-era bout of inflation, as well as a clash over the effectiveness of government intervention in addressing it.
Experts who faulted corporate price gouging for a portion of the price increases said it arose from market concentration that allowed a handful of dominant companies in a given industry, including the food and grocery sector, to raise prices without fear of competitors undercutting them with lower-priced alternatives.
Grocery retailer profit margins surged in 2021 and rose even higher two years later, even after price increases had begun to cool, a Federal Trade Commission study in March showed.
A price-gouging ban would help police corporations that otherwise would be tempted to leverage their market power by excessively raising prices, the experts said.
"Large, incumbent corporations that control a large share of a sector, including grocery companies, have way too much power to control prices," Lusiani said. "That's an underlying cause of the inflation."
Some economists who spoke to ABC News attributed the acceleration of price increases over recent years to a textbook example of imbalance between supply and demand. The pandemic snarled global supply chains and triggered lockdowns, causing shortages of goods and workers. Meanwhile, government stimulus boosted demand, sending too many dollars after too few products.
"It's economics 101 that if you stimulate demand while simultaneously deterring supply, your equilibrium will be significantly higher prices," Michael Faulkender, a professor of finance at the University of Maryland's Robert H. Smith School of Business, told ABC News.
In turn, Faulkender dismissed any potential benefit from a federal price-gouging ban. "It just sounds to me that we're creating even more burdensome regulations that will actually raise prices for consumers," Faulkender said.
Joe Brusuelas, chief economist for the accounting firm RSM US, said he opposes an outright ban but supports moderate measures that could deter price hikes, such as expanded government oversight of corporate practices.
Bruseulas pointed to data released this week showing food prices had risen 2.2% in July compared to a year ago. That level of inflation essentially stands at normal levels, Brusuelas said, suggesting that price increases had been reined in without a federal price-gouging ban in place.
"I'm concerned when I hear the federal government use the word 'ban,' but I'm not concerned about an exercise in oversight," Brusuelas said.
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Make sure you can ask the critical what, who, and how questions of your research before you put pen to paper. Your research proposal should include (at least) 5 essential components : Title - provides the first taste of your research, in broad terms. Introduction - explains what you'll be researching in more detail.
Research proposal examples. Writing a research proposal can be quite challenging, but a good starting point could be to look at some examples. We've included a few for you below. Example research proposal #1: "A Conceptual Framework for Scheduling Constraint Management".
Writing a proposal or prospectus can be a challenge, but we've compiled some examples for you to get your started. Example #1: "Geographic Representations of the Planet Mars, 1867-1907" by Maria Lane. Example #2: "Individuals and the State in Late Bronze Age Greece: Messenian Perspectives on Mycenaean Society" by Dimitri Nakassis.
Gather all the necessary information before you start writing, and stick to formats that highlight the value of your proposal. The usual flow of writing a thesis proposal is as follows. 1. Outline. Start by coming up with a detailed description of the major points you'll be making in your thesis. 2.
2.3 Requirements of a Proposal. In order to achieve its purpose, a thesis proposal must fulfil the following general requirements: • Establish a context for your research and demonstrate the need for it. • Show that your study will meet this need, and how it will meet this need, i.e. the method you will use.
An important part of the work completed in academia is sharing our scholarship with others. Such communication takes place when we present at scholarly conferences, publish in peer-reviewed journals, and publish in books. This OWL resource addresses the steps in writing for a variety of academic proposals. For samples of academic proposals ...
Your first step is probably finding an appealing place to build your house—an empty plot of land where the roads are good and where you can pretty easily connect the gas, electricity, and water. Step two is drawing up a blueprint for what you plan to build. If a thesis is a house, then a thesis proposal is your blueprint.
As you write up your research proposal, remember the all-important core purpose: to convince. Your research proposal needs to sell your study in terms of suitability and viability. So, focus on crafting a convincing narrative to ensure a strong proposal. At the same time, pay close attention to your university's requirements.
Table of contents. Step 1: Coming up with an idea. Step 2: Presenting your idea in the introduction. Step 3: Exploring related research in the literature review. Step 4: Describing your methodology. Step 5: Outlining the potential implications of your research. Step 6: Creating a reference list or bibliography.
Craft a convincing dissertation or thesis research proposal. Write a clear, compelling introduction chapter. Undertake a thorough review of the existing research and write up a literature review. Undertake your own research. Present and interpret your findings. Draw a conclusion and discuss the implications.
Develop an Outline. Create a clear and logical structure: Divide your proposal into sections or headings that will guide your readers through the content. Introduction: Provide a concise overview of the problem, its significance, and the proposed solution. Background/Context: Offer relevant background information and context to help the readers ...
Before conducting a study, a research proposal should be created that outlines researchers' plans and methodology and is submitted to the concerned evaluating organization or person. Creating a research proposal is an important step to ensure that researchers are on track and are moving forward as intended. A research proposal can be defined as a detailed plan or blueprint for the proposed ...
Step 2 - Know the Proposal Structure. Familiarize yourself with the structure of a proposal. The major sections usually include an introduction, methodology, significance, data explanation, conclusions, and references. Understanding this structure is key to a well-organized proposal.
Structure your proposal: A well-structured proposal typically includes an introduction, literature review, research question, methodology, and proposed timeline. Be sure to follow your institution's specific guidelines. Improve your writing skills: Clear, concise, and error-free writing is essential for an effective thesis proposal.
3. Make a Writing Process Plan. Writing a thesis proposal can be a lengthy process, so it's a good idea to create a plan. Determine how much time you have to work on the proposal and set specific goals for each day or week. This will help you stay on track and ensure that you finish the proposal on time. 4.
Abstract. the abstract is a brief summary of your thesis proposal. its length should not exceed ~200 words. present a brief introduction to the issue. make the key statement of your thesis. give a summary of how you want to address the issue. include a possible implication of your work, if successfully completed.
proposed project is acceptable as a senior thesis project. The reader will evaluate the proposal according to its scope, feasibility, and clarity. A primary goal of your thesis proposal is to convince the reader that you can accomplish your thesis project in the given time frame.
Example 4: Mix-and-match. To truly make the most of these options, consider mixing and matching the passive voice, IS-AV construction, and "I" construction .This can help the flow of your argument and improve the readability of your text. Example: Mix of different constructions.
This information regarding the methodology section of a proposal was gathered from RRU thesis and major project handbooks, current in 2020, from programs in the Faculty of Social and Applied Sciences, the Faculty of Management, and the College of Interdisciplinary Studies. If the details here differ from the information provided in the handbook ...
Thesis proposal title; Date; Statement of Topic. Introduce the reader to the recognised general subject area and how your topic is related. Briefly point out why it is a significant topic and what contribution your work will make. Aims of the thesis/dissertation. Set out specific objectives of the research. Review of the literature
Summary. One of the most important aspects of a thesis, dissertation or research paper is the correct formulation of the aims and objectives. This is because your aims and objectives will establish the scope, depth and direction that your research will ultimately take. An effective set of aims and objectives will give your research focus and ...
How to Write a Research Proposal | A Guide for Students. Published on June 22, 2024 by Paige Pfeifer, BA.Revised on August 14, 2024. A research proposal is a short piece of academic writing that outlines the research a graduate student intends to carry out. It starts by explaining why the research will be helpful or necessary, then describes the steps of the potential research and how the ...
When to Write Thesis. The timing for writing a thesis depends on the specific requirements of the academic program or institution. In most cases, the opportunity to write a thesis is typically offered at the graduate level, but there may be exceptions. Generally, students should plan to write their thesis during the final year of their graduate ...
Writing Centre; Thesis, major paper, and major project proposals; Schedule/work plan; Search this Guide Search. ... Though not always required, the schedule or work plan in a research proposal identifies the target dates for significant actions or stages in the proposed research. By identifying timelines, project goals, and due dates, both you ...
36. In the Related Works section, you should discuss briefly about published matter that technically relates to your proposed work. A short summary of what you can include (but not limited to) in the Related Works section: Work that proposes a different method to solve the same problem.
Writing and Structuring Your Thesis or Dissertation. After your research proposal is approved, you will have the green light to begin working on your thesis or dissertation. You will receive feedback or thesis guidance from the faculty member who reviewed your proposal. It is important to reflect on the feedback and make revisions as needed.
To address this, I've created a straightforward guide that outlines how to write a proposal step by step, with examples to ensure that your next proposal achieves the desired results. 1. Introduce Yourself and Define the Problem. The first step in writing a stellar proposal is to set the stage with a strong introduction.
From 2017 through 2020, food prices increased by a total of 8.9%. From 2021 until this summer, the cost of groceries rose 21.6%. So $100 of ground beef, eggs, milk and bread, now costs more than $120.
Public Comments: Trump publicly cheered the Heritage Foundation's policy work in the past, saying in 2022—before Project 2025's agenda was released—that the organization was "going to ...
State bans define "price gouging" in various ways. Some measures establish a subjective set of criteria, such as a sudden and significant spike in prices; while others detail a specific numerical ...