case study of special child pdf in hindi

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एक छतरी के नीचे 'प्राइमरी का मास्टर' की समस्त ऑनलाइन सेवाएँ

केस स्टडी विधि (Case-Study Method) : आइए आखिर जाने कि केस स्टडी है क्या?

केस स्टडी से तात्पर्य है किसी भी वस्तु, स्थिति का भलीभांति बारीकी से जांच पड़ताल करना व जानना। इसका बुनियादी आधार विद्यार्थी की जिज्ञासु प्रवृत्ति को माना जाता है। दूसरे शब्दों में मनुष्य का सम्पूर्ण ज्ञान उसकी जिज्ञासु प्रवृत्ति का परिणाम है और केस स्टडी किसी ज्ञान, अनुभव को पाने का साधन है। इस विधि में विद्यार्थी की स्वयं समाधान ढूंढने में सक्रिय भूमिका रहती है , जबकि अध्यापक की भूमिका विद्यार्थियों को समस्या से भलीभांति परिचित कराना है।

व्यक्तिगत अध्ययन अपने में एक पहेली (समस्या) होती है जिसे हल किया जा सकता है। इस पहेली में ब हुत सी सूचनायें समाहित रहती है। इन सूचनाओं का विशलेषण कर हल निकाला जा सकता है। केस स्टडी की विषय वस्तु व्यक्ति, स्थान या सत्य घटना पर आधारित होती है। यह किसी एक इकाई का सम्पूर्ण विश्लेषण होता है। 

यंग के अनुसार ‘‘ केस स्टडी किसी इकाई के जीवन का गवेषणा तथा विश्लेषण की पद्धति है चाहें वह एक व्यक्ति, परिवार, संस्था हस्पताल, सांस्कृतिक समूह या सम्पूर्ण समुदाय हो।’’

वर्तमान शिक्षा प्रणाली में शिक्षक का उत्तर दायित्व बढ़ गया है और उसकी स्वतंत्रता कम कर दी गयी है। शिक्षक की भूमिका ‘‘छात्रों के अधिगम’’ के लिए एक व्यवस्थापक की होती है। शिक्षक एक सलाहकार एवं मार्गदर्शक के रूप में होता है। शिक्षक को अपनी कक्षा में समस्यात्मक बालकों से रूबरू होना पड़ता है। ऐसे बालकों के सुधार के लिए शिक्षक को हमेशा तत्पर रहना चाहिए। इसके लिए शिक्षक ‘समस्यात्मक बालक’ के सुधार के लिए उसके पूर्व इतिहास को स्वयं उसके परिवार से, उसके मित्रों से पूछताछ करके तथ्यों का संकलन करता है। इस अध्ययन द्वारा वह उन कारणों को खोजता है। जिसके फलस्वरूप उसका आचरण व व्यवहार असमान्य होता है। प्राप्त कारणों के आधार पर शिक्षक समस्यात्मक बालक का उपचार करता है।

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LEARNING DISABILITY : A CASE STUDY

The present investigation was carried out on a girl name Harshita who has been identified with learning disability. She is presently studying at ‘Udaan’ a school for the special children in Shimla. The girl was brought to this special school from the normal school where she was studying earlier when the teachers and parents found it difficult to teach the child with other normal children. The learning disability the child faces is in executive functioning i.e. she forgets what she has memorized. When I met her I was taken away by her sweet and innocent ways. She is attentive and responsible but the only problem is that she forgets within minutes of having learnt something. Key words : learning disability, executive functioning, remedial teaching

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science Applications and Management Studies, 2018

This paper reviews the research work on 'learning disability' in India. It studies the social and educational challenges for learning disabled, and details research in India, concerning the aspects of diagnosis, assessment, and measures for improvement. The paper critically examines the development in their teaching-learning process, over the years. It highlights the role of special educator in their education and explores the impact of technology and specific teaching-aids in the education of learners with learning disability. The later part of the paper, throws light on the government policies for learning disabled and attempts to interpolate their proposed effect in their learning. It concludes with possible solutions, learner progress, based on the recommendations from detailed analysis of the available literature.

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2017

Background: Specific learning disability (SLD) is an important cause of academic underachievement among children, which often goes unrecognized, due to lack of awareness and resources in the community. Not much identifiable data is available such children, more so in Indian context. The objectives of the study were to study the demographic profile, risk factors, co-morbidities and referral patterns in children with specific learning disability.Methods: The study has a descriptive design. Children diagnosed with SLD over a 5 years’ period were included, total being 2015. The data was collected using a semi-structured proforma, (based on the aspects covered during child’s comprehensive assessment at the time of visit), which included socio-demographic aspects, perinatal and childhood details, scholastic and referral details, and comorbid psychiatric disorders.Results: Majority of the children were from English medium schools, in 8-12 years’ age group, with a considerable delay in seek...

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 2008

The cardinal object of the present study was to investigate the learning disability among 10 th students. The present study consisted sample of 60 students subjects (30 male students and 30 female students studying in 10th class), selected through random sampling technique from Balasore District (Odisha). Data was collected with the help of learning disability scale developed by Farzan, Asharaf and Najma Najma (university of Panjab) in 2014. For data analysis and hypothesis testing Mean, SD, and t test was applied. Results revealed that there is significant difference between learning disability of Boys and Girls students. That means boys showing more learning disability than girls. And there is no significant difference between learning disability of rural and urban students. A learning disability is a neurological disorder. In simple terms, a learning disability results from a difference in the way a person's brain is "wired." Children with learning disabilities are smarter than their peers. But they may have difficulty in reading, writing, spelling, and reasoning, recalling and/or organizing information if left to figure things out by them or if taught in conventional ways. A learning disability can't be cured or fixed; it is a lifelong issue. With the right support and intervention, children with learning disabilities can succeed in school and go on to successful, often distinguished careers later in life. Parents can help children with learning disabilities achieve such success by encouraging their strengths, knowing their weaknesses, understanding the educational system, working with professionals and learning about strategies for dealing with specific difficulties. Facts about learning disabilities Fifteen percent of the U.S. population, or one in seven Americans, has some type of learning disability, according to the National Institutes of Health.

Indian Pediatrics, 2011

The present article deals with the important factors related to learning disability such as the academic characteristics of learning disability, how learning disability can be identified in an early stage and remedial measures for learning disability. It tries to give an insight into various aspects of learning disability in children that will be of help in designing the tools and administering them properly.

Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2020

This article explains how learning disability affect on one's ability to know or use spoken affects on one's ability to know or use spoken or communication, do mathematical calculations, coordinate movements or direct attention learning disabilities are ignored, unnoticed and unanswered such children's needs are not met in regular classes. They needed special attention in classrooms. Learning disability is a big challenge for student in learning environment. The teacher's role is very important for identifying the learning disability. Some common causes and symptoms are there for children with learning disability. The classroom and teacher leads to main important role in identification and to overcome their disabilities.

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KeAi , 2024

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Children With Special Needs

For Students:

The audiobooks for visually impaired and ISL Dictionary for hearing impaired have been put up on DIKSHA platform. In addition, the National Institute of Open Schooling is committed to make its website accessible to people with disabilities. In its effort to make the website accessible, NIOS has incorporated different features which will make it easier for users to browse the website.

Some of the accessibility features incorporated in the website includes adjusting the display settings, ease of navigation, content readability and so on. Following are the accessibility features incorporated in this website:

• Alternate description for Images & Audio/Video
• Display settings
• Ease of navigation
• Content readability & structure
• Keyboard support

Visually Impaired Learners

• Study material has been developed in Digitally Accessible Information System (DAISY), a technical standard for digital audiobooks, periodicals and computerized text.
• Learners can access all study material of NIOS through DAISY
• An Indian Sign Language (ISL) Dictionary has been developed to facilitate communication and education of the deaf and hard-of-hearing learners.
• NIOS has also developed more than 270 Video in Sign Language in 7 subjects to provide educational access to learners at secondary level and Yoga course.

• Accessibility in School Curriculum-NCERT’s Initiatives can be found here https://ciet.nic.in/pages.php?id=accesstoedu&ln=en&ln=en

Hearing Impaired Learners

• Course content (Selected ones) of NIOS has also been recorded in sign language which is placed on NIOS website as well as on YouTube.
• These videos are available at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXBn5q8Zv4Bz-LZXWWD7Jxw/playlists
• The recorded content is sent to HI learners on DVD

Innovative Material developed by NCERT

Various steps are being taken to bring children with special needs (CwSN) to schools such as the National Council of Educational Research & Training (NCERT) has developed exemplar material for providing low cost quality home education to students with severe disabilities through e-learning. NCERT text books have been converted into digital books which can be downloaded free by any one, any time. Most of the books are in UNICODE which a child with special needs can read using a Text-to-Speech (TTS)/Software/mobile app though e-Pathshaala mobile app. For visually challenged learners e-book in DAISY format and tactile maps have been developed.

Promoting Inclusive Education in the Foundational Years - Barkha: A Reading Series for ‘All’

The department has developed Barkha: A Reading Series for ‘All’ as an exemplary, inclusive learning material in the form of a supplementary early reading series. This reading series is available in print and digital formats. Its design is based on the principles of inclusion and the concept of Universal Design for Learning (UDL). Barkha: A Reading Series for ‘All’ is exemplary in demonstrating how the principles of UDL can guide the design of inclusive features like tactile and high resolution visuals, text in accessible scripts etc. This exemplar provides a direction and initial guidelines for developing similarly accessible material in the form of textbooks and other learning resources for all school stages.

In tandem with the Digital India Campaign, the department has also developed a digital version of Barkha: A Reading Series for ‘All’. This digital version retains all the inclusive features of the print version and is unique in its functionality because it allows for greater flexibility and has greater scope of appealing to all. Children can access all 40 story booklets through a single device. This also gives them space to revisit any book whenever and wherever they like. The privacy that is afforded by being able to read on one’s own computer or tablet allows one to read comfortably and at one’s own pace therefore promoting reading in a non-threatening environment with meaning and pleasure. An introduction to each story is available in audio-video format both in sign and regular language forms. It helps to introduce sign language as a regular form of communication at an early age to all children in an inclusive setting. The digital version of this reading series is available on NCERT website and the epathshala portal.

Sample Content:

https://nroer.gov.in/home/e-library

https://repository.seshagun.nic.in/video/support-to-children-with-special-needs-cwsn-through-special-resource-centre

This site is designed, developed, hosted and maintained by National Informatics Centre (NIC), Department of Electronics & Information Technology, Ministry of Communications & Information Technology, GoI. Contents provided by Ministry of Human Resource Development, GoI.