essay on basic computer

Computers are electronic devices that have completely changed how we communicate, work, and live. It is a flexible instrument that can store, retrieve, and analyze enormous volumes of data to turn it into useful information that powers our contemporary society. The computer has evolved into a necessary component of everyday life because of its vast features and capabilities.

Data storage is one of a computer's primary purposes. Whether it's a desktop, laptop, or server, these gadgets are furnished with storage media like that offer plenty of room to store files, documents, pictures, movies, and other data types. We can maintain our digital life's organization, accessibility, and security thanks to this storage capacity.

Computers are also excellent at retrieving data. We may rapidly retrieve any saved information within seconds with only a few clicks or instructions. Computers have eliminated the need to manually search physical files or archives manually, saving us time and effort. Thanks to this capacity to get data quickly, we can quickly discover the data we need, which boosts productivity.

The capacity of a computer to process data is by far its most important benefit. Modern computers have enormous processing capabilities due to advancements in microprocessor technology. We can easily do various activities thanks to computers, which run intricate algorithms and computations at astonishing rates. Computers offer the computing power needed for demanding applications, from editing high-resolution photographs and movies to performing simulations and modeling complex systems.

A computer offers a wide range of software and apps in addition to its essential tasks that improve our productivity and amusement. For instance, word processing software allows us to write and edit documents, spreadsheets make it possible to organize and analyze data, and presentation software allows us to make engaging presentations that are aesthetically appealing. The ability to play and manipulate media files, including audio, video, and picture files, is another feature of computers. Gamers can access various games, from simple crosswords to virtual worlds with complex graphics.

With the help of internet connectivity, we can now access a variety of knowledge and interact with people worldwide. We can explore the enormous world of information, research, communicate online via emails and messaging apps, and keep up with news and happenings using a computer and an internet connection. Because computers can access and use this worldwide network, the Internet has changed how we learn, cooperate, and exchange information.

The term "computer" is usually linked to a desktop or laptop computer. And now, computers come in various forms and sizes and perform multiple tasks regularly. We utilize computers when we take cash from an ATM, scan things at the supermarket, or use a calculator. They are of different types and sizes:

Although we don't usually think of them that way, many of today's devices are specialized forms of computers. Here are some instances:

Computers are becoming more prevalent, creating a very effective information system to aid the organization's administration. As a result, it is an essential instrument in every field, including commerce, finance, government, entertainment, daily life, industry, education, and administration. It may be stated that all influential organizations, whether government or commercial, employ computers for numerous daily tasks. It is currently the world's fastest-growing industry. Each company often has one or more major computer systems and multiple microcomputers. The system is an outstanding computer for data processing tasks, and it is used for word processing by many mini microcomputers. Computers have become an indispensable element of our daily lives.

Throughout his existence, computers have undergone many Computers are becoming "smarter" regularly as scientific understanding and technological innovation improve. Science has been at the forefront of technological advancement, allowing computers to progress. Future machines can make their "own judgments with enhanced artificial intelligence."

Role of Computers in Many Areas of Society

1. In Business

The use of computers in business is widespread. Because microcomputers are now so inexpensive, small enterprises also utilize computers. Business organizations need to handle many information and figures. Many businesses have begun to utilize computers to calculate wages, identify things sold and still in stock, and create, transmit, or receive corporate statements, letters, invoices, and other papers.

It was stated that computers and office technology could assist other managers, clerks, and office automation management. One is a word-processing electronic approach that allows us to create and revise letters, reports, and documents in a fraction of the time it would take to type manually. Many offices generate regular letters such as balance payments, invites, etc. Furthermore, local business organizations utilize computers to generate, preserve and dispatch invoices to certain locations. The benefits of employing computers in this area are undeniably significant in a company organization.

2. In Banking and Financial

A company's operational budget manages data from savings accounts, fixed deposits, loans, investments, profitability analysis, etc. Standard and recurring measures are used. As a result, financial institutions are the first to see the benefits of computers in saving time. Computers have made it easier for people to do baking or other financial tasks by themselves.

Employee wages will be deposited into the account when employee identification numbers are entered. When purchasing, the money sent into the account will be paid at supermarkets, motels, or petrol stations. A money transfer facility, also known as an electronic money transfer, is a very effective and safe means for financial operations. Individuals can use the ETC capability to issue, transfer, and incorporate cash or checks into their existing balance at any moment. The fundamental purpose of employing computers in financial institutions is to help customers organize their affairs and provide better and more efficient services, to prevent fraud in financial transactions, and remove cash transactions that involve the community to achieve a cashless society.

3. In Education

As science and technology improve, the computer may ultimately replace books in the bookstore, disseminating information to the broader public. In other words, computers will change how we learn and store information. In education, various problems such as student registration, class scheduling, examination result processing, and personal storage for students and instructors may be implemented by a computer that can quickly and effectively assist the administration. The computer is now capable of checking and processing exam results. Many institutions now employ computers for office automation, processing, and scientific research outcomes. In truth, classifying books in libraries apply to computer use as well. Research is also essential to ease students' and teachers' teaching and learning, which can be easily performed using computers.

4. In Medical

Computers are used in hospitals and clinics to keep patient information, schedule physicians, nurses, and other workers, manage inventory and purchase drugs, conduct medical research, and make medical diagnoses. Using computer-based devices or information technology has also aided clinicians in an illness diagnosis. Among the latest computer technology that supports individuals who are disabled, using computers in the medical industry gives answers to complicated challenges. Microprocessor-based speech systems enable persons with impairments to communicate with a computer by directing it to complete a spoken task.

Similarly, advances in computer technology have enabled blind people to see and people who are deaf or hard of hearing to speak indirectly, whether via a voice synthesizer or a keyboard. This can allow them to become more active and perform things they were unable to do previously. Aside from typical data processing, other activities such as patient billing, medical statistics, and staff scheduling have been optimized and automated with computers.

Computers can monitor psychological factors such as blood pressure, body temperature, and ECG (Electro-Cardiograph ) and sound an alarm if anything odd occurs. The computer examines several variables and compares them to traditional values. If something unusual happens, the computer will alert physicians and nurses by offering a warning.

5. In Legal

In recent years, computers have been employed in the legislative process. The most common application is document preparation with a word processor. Computer accounting laws also involve processing to generate weekly and monthly reports, maintaining payment records, consultation, a journal for the most recent attorney information, consumers about the different court proceedings, and storing user records. Because this is a very sophisticated subject, it is necessary to retrieve the relevant information from a law journal, a significant case, scale, and statistics, or critical choices to decide whether to preserve a legal data bank. Thus, having a single computer allows attorneys, trainee lawyers, and law students to discover relevant material faster and provide better service.

6. In Government

The government sector is one of the most frequent adopters of computer-assisted administrative procedures. All essential data, such as information on people, services, economic planning, and land development projects, may be obtained quickly for planning and decision making. A computer can now perform long-term weather forecasting. Also, computers help invent various other instruments and equipment. "The success of Neil Armstrong's July 23, 1969 moon landing was also made possible by computers used to build spacecraft, space for astronaut clothing, and flight schedules." This demonstrates the critical use of computers in space transportation. The computer has aided in collecting service and income taxes and keeping track of taxpayers. Those who do it manually can use computers and online services to make the process more efficient and faster.

Similarly, computer storage inventory is maintained in the military and other government associations. Computers also track the movement of the adversary in border zones. Traffic flow may be efficiently managed by identifying traffic direction with various detection technologies available on computers. As a result, if more vehicles come from one order, the computer will turn on the green light for a reasonable time. "In the transportation sector, Cosmos-11 was introduced by Mass by giving services for travelers, including those purchasing hotel reservations, to know the status from anywhere in the world." Company owners and automobile registers can also use computers.

The computer is used to manage many administrative tasks, and this not only saves time but also makes everything more practical. Computers are also utilized to organize dance, music, and other programs. Each game necessitates mobility. Carefully investigating a physical system is the most incredible way to achieve movement. Computers may also be configured to display high-quality graphics. Drawing on a computer accelerates the creative process. Compared to traditional Kedah, the piece of art may be completed and appraised quickly. Computer-generated cartoon films have become quite popular.

7. In Daily Life

Microcomputers are also utilized in the home to control security, air conditioning, and lighting. In addition to budgeting and inventorying at home, home computers enable homemakers to obtain the most recent fashion information and place orders via supermarkets and grocery stores. Users can also access their essential documents using computers via the Internet. This is all due to a microcomputer linked to a national data bank. Children may use computers to learn academic topics or play educational games. However, computers have evolved into information machines in our culture.

Future Of Computers

Some exciting possibilities and developments related to computers' future will influence the technological environment. Here are a few crucial places where there will likely be a significant impact:

• Artificial Intelligence (AI): It is already changing several sectors and will continue to have an increasing impact on computer technology. More intelligent computers can make decisions, use sophisticated machine learning, and understand natural language. AI-powered technologies will make task assistance, process automation, and personalized experiences possible.
• Quantum Computing: Complex calculations may be carried out at previously unheard-of speeds using quantum mechanics concepts. Quantum computing, albeit still in its infancy, has the potential to revolutionize various industries, including cryptography, optimization, and scientific research, by resolving issues that are now impossible for traditional computers.
• Internet of Things (IoT): As linked devices continue to increase, a massive network of networked items, ranging from domestic appliances to industrial gear, will be created. IoT devices create enormous volumes of data, which computers must process and analyze to enable automation, smart homes, better healthcare, and adequate infrastructure management.
• Edge Computing: To reduce latency and bandwidth needs, edge computing involves processing data closer to the source or Edge of the network. Real-time applications like driverless cars, smart cities, and augmented reality/virtual reality experiences all require this method. The Edge's computers will get stronger and be able to complete complex jobs locally.
• Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR): These emerging technologies offer immersive and interactive experiences. Real-time tracking, geographical mapping, and rendering of realistic virtual worlds will all demand intense processing from computers. This will influence the development of graphics processing, rendering power, and sensory input technologies.
• Cloud Computing : Cloud computing, which enables online access to sophisticated computing resources, storage, and services, will continue to be a key element of the future of computers. Computers will depend increasingly on cloud infrastructure for data storage, processing, and collaboration as more apps and services migrate to the cloud.
• Wearable Technology : Wearable gadgets like smartwatches, activity trackers, and augmented reality goggles will only advance and become more pervasive in our daily lives. These gadgets' computers will become smaller, more effective, and capable of cutting-edge functions while providing seamless connection and customized experiences.

The fast advancement of science and technology has altered the current pattern of life. Everything, including processing, information collection, and other parts of the many domains previously done manually, which poses many hazards, must be made more effective, faster, and more practical through the use or application of information technology or computer-covering the usage in different domains such as commerce, financial institutions, industry, education, administration, and other areas that each country wishes to expand. In reality, computers have become the heart and backbone of modern civilization. Regardless of the industry, many people are taking up the work of computing. It will aid in the calculation, data storage, decision detection, and increased efficiency and production. However, they stated that it is evident that computers have been extensively practised and used. A computer is a machine in the information society, following globalization and the borderless globe. It is also the primary source of equipment for all machinery administration in any area.

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Essay on Computer

Updated January 18, 2023

Can you think of an object that has profoundly touched many aspects of our lives and brought about a revolution across the globe even while undergoing innumerable transformations? Yes, you guessed right! The answer is the computer.

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A computer consists of three essential parts – keyboard, CPU, and monitor- which perform the three most important functions – input, processing, and output. There are other parts, like the mouse, printer, scanner, and USB drive, based on the utility factor. Let’s find out find more significance in this article, Essay on Computer.

Computer’s history can trace back to the Abacus, a calculating tool of ancient times, which eventually gave way to the development of the computer. The very first mechanical computer was developed in the 1820s by Charles Baggage, credited as the Father of the “Modern Computer.”” Later, in the 1930s, the first electronic computer was invented by Vannevar Bush in the United States.

The first programmable digital computer introduces in 1944 following a partnership between IBM and Harvard, which marked a revolutionizing era in the field of computers. Subsequently, many generations of computers followed, undergoing many significant changes.

Based on different criteria like design, size, and utility, there are different types of computers as below:

• Super Computer: Considered to be a class of powerful computers, Supercomputer ensures a faster and higher level of performance compared to an ordinary computer.
• Mainframe Computer: These computers possess vast processing power and memory and are used in massive organizations.
• Personal Computer: As the name suggests, Personal Computers are used by individuals only. They are generally small in size and not costly.
• Laptops: Also a type of Personal Computer, a Laptop is much lighter, more flexible, and occupies lesser space.
• Smartphone: In a way, smartphones are also computing devices though they are much smaller and handy. They perform most of the functions carried out by a computer.

Computers are used in almost every field associated with humans today and have made our life easier and hassle-free.

Below are some of the areas where computers involvement the most:

• Education: Computers have revolutionized the field of education like never before. They have made the process of teaching and learning much more relaxed with the use of power-point presentations, videos, and info graphs while conducting the class.
• Medicine: Computers have entered many areas of medicine, like medical imaging, decision-making, data collection, laboratories, computer-aided therapies, etc. They are also proving to be extremely helpful in doing research and development in the field of medicine.
• Offices and Industries: Today, we can only imagine an office or industry with computers. They have replaced piles of files and immense machines, thus changing how offices and industries operate.
• Defense: Computers are being increasingly used effectively in Defence. They are being used to control and detect missiles, control access to atomic bombs, train soldiers for combat situations, and sort intelligence data.
• Agriculture: The use of computers in the agriculture sector widely increases. Critical software help in predicting weather conditions and estimating crop production have evolved. Computer technologies have helped reduce farmers farmer’s efforts and increase their profits. Computers have also helped farmers communicate with experts to garner knowledge about helpful methods and technologies related to agriculture.

Thus, we saw an essay on computer, it is a fantastic device born out of the human mind to help humanity. Though it is also used for destructive purposes by specific repulsive forces, the answer to thwarting such attempts also lies in your computer. You need to apply your mind and make the correct clicks!

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Essay on Computer in English for Children and Students

Table of Contents

Essay on Computer: A computer is a machine that can be programmed to perform a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Computers have become an integral part of our lives. They are used in almost every field, from medicine and space exploration to business and communication.

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Computers have made our lives easier in many ways. They help us perform tasks that would otherwise be difficult or impossible. For example, computers can help us keep track of large amounts of information, communicate with others around the world, and entertain us with games and videos.

A computer is an electronic device capable of performing complex calculations and tasks impossible for a human brain to accomplish. First ever mechanical computer was developed in 19 th century by Charles Babbage. Since then computers have undergone many transformational changes in size and processing speed. Modern computers are capable of taking human instructions in a form of language called programming language and delivering output in fraction of a second.

Today, computers are used in every office and institution for performing a number of tasks from maintaining and processing data, keeping records of transactions and also employees, preparing and maintaining account statements, balance sheets etc. High speed computers are used in more complex science programs such as space exploration missions and satellite launch. Computers have become an integral part of our life due to its usefulness into various fields.

Long and Short Essay on Computer in English

Find very simple to write and easy to learn essay on computer. Computer is a very high technique invention which everyone must know about and also its advantages in life.

It is very much liked by kids. So bring some creativity in the education of your kids and children through computer.

We have provided below various computer essay in different words limit like 100 words, 150 words, 200 words, 250 words, 300 words and also 400 words according to the need and requirement of students.

Short Essay on Computer

Computer essay 10 lines.

• Computers are amazing machines of modern technology.
• They can store a lot of information in their memory.
• You can use a keyboard to give them commands and a printer to get things on paper.
• Even kids can use computers because they are easy to handle.
• Computers are everywhere, from offices to schools.
• They can do many tasks quickly and efficiently.
• You can use a mouse, keyboard, and printer with a computer.
• Computers are great for learning and getting information from the internet.
• But we should be careful online to avoid bad stuff.
• In the end, computers have changed our lives and made many things easier.

Computer Essay 1 (100 words)

A computer is a great invention of the modern technology. It is generally a machine which has capability to store large data value in its memory. Computer works using input (like keyboard) and output (like printer) devices. It is very simple to handle the computer as its functioning is so common that a child can handle it. It is a very reliable device which we can carry with us and use anywhere and anytime. Computer allows us to make changes in the already stored data as well as store new data. It is a new technology which is used in offices, banks, educational institutions, etc.

Computer Essay 2 (150 words)

It is a modern tool which has made life very easy and simple. Computer has capability to complete more than one task in small time. It is able to do work of many human beings alone within less time. Computer is the utility of highest efficiency. The first computer was a mechanical computer which was created by the Charles Babbage. However a computer works successfully using its hardware and fully installed application software. Other accessories of the computer are keyboard, mouse, printer, CPU and UPS.

The data which we put into the computer using device is called input data and device as input device and data which we take outside using printer or other device is called as output data and device as output device. Therefore the input data gets changed into the information which can be stored and changed anytime. Computer is very safe tool for data storage which is being used in various fields. We can shop, pay our electricity bill, water bill, video chat also messaging, e-mail messages anywhere in the world and lots of online activities using internet.

Computer Essay 3 (200 words)

Computer is the latest technology which is used almost everywhere. It has made possible to do large amount of works in very small time. It has reduced the man effort in the offices means it gives high level of work output in very small time, less effort also low man power, etc. Now a day, it has become hard to imagine our lives without computer. We often use internet in the computer which gives us lots of required information on any subject in very less time. Therefore there are great contributions of the computer in the lives of human being. It is playing big role in every field and helping us every single moment. Old generations of the computer were less effective with less functions but new generations of it are amazing with high capacity, easy to handle and more functions.

Future generations of the computer would be more effective and lots of functioning. However it has made our life easier. Using this we can easily learn anything and enhance our skill. We can get any information about any service or product or other thing within no time. However we can buy anything online using computer and internet and get free delivery. It is very useful for the preparation of project work of any student reading in any class.

Computer Essay 4 (250 words)

Computer is the wonderful and mastermind gift of the science to the whole human fraternity. It can used to do any kind of works. It is very easy to handle by anyone and takes very less time to learn. Because of its easiness and high work efficiency, it used in many fields like offices, banks, hotels, educational institutions, shops, hospitals, commercial places, schools, colleges, training institutes, military establishments, military, industries, etc. Many people buy laptop or desktop for their kids to learn about required things in their schools or playing computerized video-games, etc.

Computer is a big dictionary and large storage device which we use to save any type of large amount of data like information, study materials, projects, photos, images, video, audio, songs, clips, games, and also many more. Computer is an electronic machine which is able to calculate and solve big problems. It helps in enhancing our skill level and also get information easily. It is very simple data based machine. Computer provides facility of many other tools like paint tool, text tool, etc which are very beneficial for the kids, children and students to use it more effectively.

We can use it for any big or small mathematical calculations very accurately. It used to forecast the information about weather, in printing books, news papers, diagnosing diseases, etc. Moreover computer used to make online railway reservations, ticket booking, hotel or restaurant booking from any place all over the world. It used by MNC companies for the accounting purpose, invoicing, pay rolls, stock control, etc.

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Computer Essay 5 (300 words)

In the modern world of technological advancement, computer is the amazing gift given by the science to us. It has changed the living style and standard of the people. No one can imagine the life without computer as it has made lots of works so easy within less time. Computer is playing great role in the development of the developing countries. It is not only a storage or processing device but it is like an angel which can make anything possible. By many people it used as the source of entertainment and communication.

We can get connected to our friends, relatives, parents or others in no time through the use of video chat or email. Using internet in the computer we can search and retrieve vast information on any subject useful for our education or project work. However it is very safe and easy for the business transactions purposes through banks to any accounts. By providing the facility of data storage it has lessen the paper works in the governmental and non-governmental offices or colleges. One can save lots of time and effort by online shopping, paying bill, etc by being at home through the computer.

Computer education has made compulsory by the government of India in all the schools, colleges and other educational institutions for enhancing the skill level as well as the easiness of the students in their professional life. Learning computer has become very essential in all the modern-day jobs. In the higher education there are subjects like network administration, hardware maintenance, software installation, etc., for the enhancement of skill.

Long Essay on Computer 400 words

Computer essay 6 (400 words).

Invention of the computer has made many dreams come true even we cannot imagine our lives without computer. Generally computer a device used for many purposes like information storage, email, messaging, software programming, calculation, data processing and many more. Desktop computer need a CPU, an UPS, a keyboard and a mouse for well functioning however laptop does not need anything to add outside as it included with all inside. Computer is an electronic device having big memory which can save any data value. We are living in the advanced world of computer in the 21 st century.

Earlier the functioning of the old generation computer very limited but new generation computers are amazing with lots of functioning. Charles Babbage had invented the first mechanical computer which was totally different from the modern day computer. The aim of computer invention was to create a machine which can perform very fast mathematical calculations. During the World War II it used to locate and estimate the direction and speed of weapons of the enemies. Modern day computers are available with the artificial Intelligence technology to helps us in every sector of life.

New generation computer highly advanced means smaller, lighter, speedier and more powerful. Now a day, it is running in almost all walks of life like weather forecasting, guidance of spacecraft, examinations, education, shopping, traffic control, high level programming, automation in banks, railway ticket booking, playing games, medical sector, machinery operations, job opening, business also crime detection etc.

It is the backbone of the Information Technology including with the internet and proved that nothing is impossible today. If there are positive effects of the computer on the life of human being, it also negatively affected the human lives such as rise in the Cyber crime, pornographic websites can accessed by kids or younger and many more however using some preventive measures we can safe from its negative effects.

The whole human fraternity is becoming highly dependent on the computer technology; no one can imagine life without computer. As, it has spread its wings so deeply in every area and made people used of it. It is very beneficial for the students of any class. They can use it to prepare their projects, learn poems, read different stories, download notes for exam preparations, collect large information within seconds, learn about painting, drawing, etc. However it enhances the professional skills of the students and helps in getting job easily.

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Frequently Asked Questions on Computer

What is the definition of a computer.

A computer is an electronic machine that can store, process, and retrieve information. It can do various tasks, like calculations, data storage, and connecting to the internet.

What are the 4 types of computer?

There are four main types of computers: desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, and smartphones. Each type serves different purposes and comes in various sizes.

What is computer introduction?

A computer introduction is a brief explanation of what a computer is and what it can do. It's like an overview of how computers work and their importance in our lives.

What is computer 50 words?

A computer is a device that processes information using electronic circuits. It can perform tasks like calculations, storing data, and connecting to the internet. Computers come in various forms, from big desktops to small smartphones, and play a crucial role in our daily lives.

Who was the father of the computer?

The title father of the computer is often attributed to Charles Babbage. He designed a mechanical computer in the 19th century, known as the Analytical Engine, which laid the foundation for modern computers.

What is the function of RAM and ROM?

RAM (Random Access Memory) stores data that the computer is currently using, like running programs. ROM (Read-Only Memory) stores important instructions that help the computer start up and perform basic functions.

What are the 3 main parts of a computer?

The three main parts of a computer are the central processing unit (CPU), which does the computing, the memory (RAM and ROM), which stores data and instructions, and input/output devices like the keyboard, mouse, and monitor.

What are computer parts?

Computer parts are the components that make up a computer system. These include the CPU, memory, storage devices, input devices (like the keyboard and mouse), output devices (like the monitor and printer), and various internal circuits and connections. Each part plays a specific role in the computer's functioning.

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Essay on Computer

Students are often asked to write an essay on Computer in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Computer

Introduction.

A computer is a device that performs tasks by following a set of instructions called programs. It can store, retrieve, and process data quickly and accurately.

A computer has two main parts: hardware and software. Hardware includes physical parts like the monitor, keyboard, and CPU. Software includes the programs that tell the hardware what to do.

Computers are used in many areas, like education, business, and entertainment. They help us to learn, communicate, and have fun.

In conclusion, computers are powerful tools that make our lives easier. They are a vital part of modern life.

250 Words Essay on Computer

Computers, the revolutionary devices of the 21st century, have dramatically transformed the way we live, work, and communicate. They are no longer just tools for processing data, but have evolved into multi-functional machines that can perform a plethora of tasks with astonishing speed and accuracy.

Evolution and Impact

The evolution of computers from enormous, room-sized machines to compact, handheld devices is a testament to human ingenuity and technological advancements. Today, computers are integral to various sectors such as healthcare, education, business, and entertainment. They have revolutionized information processing, enabling rapid, accurate data analysis and decision-making.

Computers and the Internet

The advent of the Internet has exponentially increased the power and reach of computers. It has facilitated global connectivity, fostering new forms of communication and collaboration. From online education to telemedicine, the Internet has expanded the possibilities of what computers can do.

Artificial Intelligence

The latest frontier in computer science is artificial intelligence (AI). AI-powered computers can learn, adapt, and make decisions, opening up unprecedented possibilities. However, this also raises ethical and societal concerns, necessitating responsible use and regulation.

In conclusion, computers are transformative tools that have reshaped society. As they continue to evolve, they will undoubtedly unlock new potentials and challenges. As responsible users, it is incumbent upon us to harness their power for good while mitigating potential risks.

500 Words Essay on Computer

Introduction to computers, history of computers.

The concept of computers dates back to the invention of the abacus, a simple calculating tool. The evolution of computers, however, took a significant turn in the 19th century with Charles Babbage’s Analytical Engine, often referred to as the “first computer”. The 20th century witnessed the development of electronic computers, and the advent of microprocessors in the 1970s made personal computers accessible to the masses.

Components of a Computer

A computer comprises hardware and software. Hardware refers to the physical components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, and input/output devices. The CPU, often called the brain of the computer, performs all the calculations and processing. Software, on the other hand, includes the operating systems, applications, and programs that instruct the hardware to perform tasks.

Role of Computers in Modern Society

The internet and computers, future of computers.

The future of computers is promising, with advancements in quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Quantum computing, with its potential to perform complex calculations at incredible speeds, could revolutionize various sectors, including cryptography and drug discovery. Meanwhile, the integration of AI and machine learning into computers is leading towards more intelligent, autonomous systems that can learn and adapt.

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Analog computers

Mainframe computer.

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• Analog calculators: from Napier’s logarithms to the slide rule
• Digital calculators: from the Calculating Clock to the Arithmometer
• The Jacquard loom
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What is a computer?

Who invented the computer, what can computers do, are computers conscious, what is the impact of computer artificial intelligence (ai) on society.

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• University of Rhode Island - College of Arts and Sciences - Department of Computer Science and Statistics - History of Computers
• LiveScience - History of Computers: A Brief Timeline
• Computer History Museum - Timeline of Computer history
• Engineering LibreTexts - What is a computer?
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• Table Of Contents

A computer is a machine that can store and process information . Most computers rely on a binary system , which uses two variables, 0 and 1, to complete tasks such as storing data, calculating algorithms, and displaying information. Computers come in many different shapes and sizes, from handheld smartphones to supercomputers weighing more than 300 tons.

Many people throughout history are credited with developing early prototypes that led to the modern computer. During World War II, physicist John Mauchly , engineer J. Presper Eckert, Jr. , and their colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania designed the first programmable general-purpose electronic digital computer, the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC).

What is the most powerful computer in the world?

As of November 2021 the most powerful computer in the world is the Japanese supercomputer Fugaku, developed by RIKEN and Fujitsu . It has been used to model COVID-19 simulations.

How do programming languages work?

Popular modern programming languages , such as JavaScript and Python, work through multiple forms of programming paradigms. Functional programming, which uses mathematical functions to give outputs based on data input, is one of the more common ways code is used to provide instructions for a computer.

The most powerful computers can perform extremely complex tasks, such as simulating nuclear weapon experiments and predicting the development of climate change . The development of quantum computers , machines that can handle a large number of calculations through quantum parallelism (derived from superposition ), would be able to do even more-complex tasks.

A computer’s ability to gain consciousness is a widely debated topic. Some argue that consciousness depends on self-awareness and the ability to think , which means that computers are conscious because they recognize their environment and can process data. Others believe that human consciousness can never be replicated by physical processes. Read one researcher’s perspective.

Computer artificial intelligence's impact on society is widely debated. Many argue that AI improves the quality of everyday life by doing routine and even complicated tasks better than humans can, making life simpler, safer, and more efficient. Others argue AI poses dangerous privacy risks, exacerbates racism by standardizing people, and costs workers their jobs leading to greater unemployment. For more on the debate over artificial intelligence, visit ProCon.org .

Recent News

computer , device for processing, storing, and displaying information.

Computer once meant a person who did computations, but now the term almost universally refers to automated electronic machinery . The first section of this article focuses on modern digital electronic computers and their design, constituent parts, and applications. The second section covers the history of computing. For details on computer architecture , software , and theory, see computer science .

Computing basics

The first computers were used primarily for numerical calculations. However, as any information can be numerically encoded, people soon realized that computers are capable of general-purpose information processing . Their capacity to handle large amounts of data has extended the range and accuracy of weather forecasting . Their speed has allowed them to make decisions about routing telephone connections through a network and to control mechanical systems such as automobiles, nuclear reactors, and robotic surgical tools. They are also cheap enough to be embedded in everyday appliances and to make clothes dryers and rice cookers “smart.” Computers have allowed us to pose and answer questions that were difficult to pursue in the past. These questions might be about DNA sequences in genes, patterns of activity in a consumer market, or all the uses of a word in texts that have been stored in a database . Increasingly, computers can also learn and adapt as they operate by using processes such as machine learning .

Computers also have limitations, some of which are theoretical. For example, there are undecidable propositions whose truth cannot be determined within a given set of rules, such as the logical structure of a computer. Because no universal algorithmic method can exist to identify such propositions, a computer asked to obtain the truth of such a proposition will (unless forcibly interrupted) continue indefinitely—a condition known as the “ halting problem .” ( See Turing machine .) Other limitations reflect current technology . For example, although computers have progressed greatly in terms of processing data and using artificial intelligence algorithms , they are limited by their incapacity to think in a more holistic fashion. Computers may imitate humans—quite effectively, even—but imitation may not replace the human element in social interaction. Ethical concerns also limit computers, because computers rely on data, rather than a moral compass or human conscience , to make decisions.

Analog computers use continuous physical magnitudes to represent quantitative information. At first they represented quantities with mechanical components ( see differential analyzer and integrator ), but after World War II voltages were used; by the 1960s digital computers had largely replaced them. Nonetheless, analog computers, and some hybrid digital-analog systems, continued in use through the 1960s in tasks such as aircraft and spaceflight simulation.

One advantage of analog computation is that it may be relatively simple to design and build an analog computer to solve a single problem. Another advantage is that analog computers can frequently represent and solve a problem in “real time”; that is, the computation proceeds at the same rate as the system being modeled by it. Their main disadvantages are that analog representations are limited in precision—typically a few decimal places but fewer in complex mechanisms—and general-purpose devices are expensive and not easily programmed.

Digital computers

In contrast to analog computers, digital computers represent information in discrete form, generally as sequences of 0s and 1s ( binary digits, or bits). The modern era of digital computers began in the late 1930s and early 1940s in the United States , Britain, and Germany . The first devices used switches operated by electromagnets (relays). Their programs were stored on punched paper tape or cards, and they had limited internal data storage. For historical developments, see the section Invention of the modern computer .

During the 1950s and ’60s, Unisys (maker of the UNIVAC computer), International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), and other companies made large, expensive computers of increasing power . They were used by major corporations and government research laboratories, typically as the sole computer in the organization. In 1959 the IBM 1401 computer rented for $8,000 per month (early IBM machines were almost always leased rather than sold), and in 1964 the largest IBM S/360 computer cost several million dollars.

These computers came to be called mainframes, though the term did not become common until smaller computers were built. Mainframe computers were characterized by having (for their time) large storage capabilities, fast components, and powerful computational abilities. They were highly reliable, and, because they frequently served vital needs in an organization, they were sometimes designed with redundant components that let them survive partial failures. Because they were complex systems, they were operated by a staff of systems programmers, who alone had access to the computer. Other users submitted “batch jobs” to be run one at a time on the mainframe.

Such systems remain important today, though they are no longer the sole, or even primary, central computing resource of an organization, which will typically have hundreds or thousands of personal computers (PCs). Mainframes now provide high-capacity data storage for Internet servers, or, through time-sharing techniques, they allow hundreds or thousands of users to run programs simultaneously. Because of their current roles, these computers are now called servers rather than mainframes.

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• Knowledge Base
• How to structure an essay: Templates and tips

How to Structure an Essay | Tips & Templates

Published on September 18, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on July 23, 2023.

The basic structure of an essay always consists of an introduction , a body , and a conclusion . But for many students, the most difficult part of structuring an essay is deciding how to organize information within the body.

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Table of contents

The basics of essay structure, chronological structure, compare-and-contrast structure, problems-methods-solutions structure, signposting to clarify your structure, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about essay structure.

There are two main things to keep in mind when working on your essay structure: making sure to include the right information in each part, and deciding how you’ll organize the information within the body.

Parts of an essay

The three parts that make up all essays are described in the table below.

Order of information

You’ll also have to consider how to present information within the body. There are a few general principles that can guide you here.

The first is that your argument should move from the simplest claim to the most complex . The body of a good argumentative essay often begins with simple and widely accepted claims, and then moves towards more complex and contentious ones.

For example, you might begin by describing a generally accepted philosophical concept, and then apply it to a new topic. The grounding in the general concept will allow the reader to understand your unique application of it.

The second principle is that background information should appear towards the beginning of your essay . General background is presented in the introduction. If you have additional background to present, this information will usually come at the start of the body.

The third principle is that everything in your essay should be relevant to the thesis . Ask yourself whether each piece of information advances your argument or provides necessary background. And make sure that the text clearly expresses each piece of information’s relevance.

The sections below present several organizational templates for essays: the chronological approach, the compare-and-contrast approach, and the problems-methods-solutions approach.

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The chronological approach (sometimes called the cause-and-effect approach) is probably the simplest way to structure an essay. It just means discussing events in the order in which they occurred, discussing how they are related (i.e. the cause and effect involved) as you go.

A chronological approach can be useful when your essay is about a series of events. Don’t rule out other approaches, though—even when the chronological approach is the obvious one, you might be able to bring out more with a different structure.

Explore the tabs below to see a general template and a specific example outline from an essay on the invention of the printing press.

• Thesis statement
• Discussion of event/period
• Consequences
• Importance of topic
• Strong closing statement
• Claim that the printing press marks the end of the Middle Ages
• Background on the low levels of literacy before the printing press
• Thesis statement: The invention of the printing press increased circulation of information in Europe, paving the way for the Reformation
• High levels of illiteracy in medieval Europe
• Literacy and thus knowledge and education were mainly the domain of religious and political elites
• Consequence: this discouraged political and religious change
• Invention of the printing press in 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg
• Implications of the new technology for book production
• Consequence: Rapid spread of the technology and the printing of the Gutenberg Bible
• Trend for translating the Bible into vernacular languages during the years following the printing press’s invention
• Luther’s own translation of the Bible during the Reformation
• Consequence: The large-scale effects the Reformation would have on religion and politics
• Summarize the history described
• Stress the significance of the printing press to the events of this period

Essays with two or more main subjects are often structured around comparing and contrasting . For example, a literary analysis essay might compare two different texts, and an argumentative essay might compare the strengths of different arguments.

There are two main ways of structuring a compare-and-contrast essay: the alternating method, and the block method.

Alternating

In the alternating method, each paragraph compares your subjects in terms of a specific point of comparison. These points of comparison are therefore what defines each paragraph.

The tabs below show a general template for this structure, and a specific example for an essay comparing and contrasting distance learning with traditional classroom learning.

• Synthesis of arguments
• Topical relevance of distance learning in lockdown
• Increasing prevalence of distance learning over the last decade
• Thesis statement: While distance learning has certain advantages, it introduces multiple new accessibility issues that must be addressed for it to be as effective as classroom learning
• Classroom learning: Ease of identifying difficulties and privately discussing them
• Distance learning: Difficulty of noticing and unobtrusively helping
• Classroom learning: Difficulties accessing the classroom (disability, distance travelled from home)
• Distance learning: Difficulties with online work (lack of tech literacy, unreliable connection, distractions)
• Classroom learning: Tends to encourage personal engagement among students and with teacher, more relaxed social environment
• Distance learning: Greater ability to reach out to teacher privately
• Sum up, emphasize that distance learning introduces more difficulties than it solves
• Stress the importance of addressing issues with distance learning as it becomes increasingly common
• Distance learning may prove to be the future, but it still has a long way to go

In the block method, each subject is covered all in one go, potentially across multiple paragraphs. For example, you might write two paragraphs about your first subject and then two about your second subject, making comparisons back to the first.

The tabs again show a general template, followed by another essay on distance learning, this time with the body structured in blocks.

• Point 1 (compare)
• Point 2 (compare)
• Point 3 (compare)
• Point 4 (compare)
• Advantages: Flexibility, accessibility
• Disadvantages: Discomfort, challenges for those with poor internet or tech literacy
• Advantages: Potential for teacher to discuss issues with a student in a separate private call
• Disadvantages: Difficulty of identifying struggling students and aiding them unobtrusively, lack of personal interaction among students
• Advantages: More accessible to those with low tech literacy, equality of all sharing one learning environment
• Disadvantages: Students must live close enough to attend, commutes may vary, classrooms not always accessible for disabled students
• Advantages: Ease of picking up on signs a student is struggling, more personal interaction among students
• Disadvantages: May be harder for students to approach teacher privately in person to raise issues

An essay that concerns a specific problem (practical or theoretical) may be structured according to the problems-methods-solutions approach.

This is just what it sounds like: You define the problem, characterize a method or theory that may solve it, and finally analyze the problem, using this method or theory to arrive at a solution. If the problem is theoretical, the solution might be the analysis you present in the essay itself; otherwise, you might just present a proposed solution.

The tabs below show a template for this structure and an example outline for an essay about the problem of fake news.

• Introduce the problem
• Provide background
• Describe your approach to solving it
• Define the problem precisely
• Describe why it’s important
• Indicate previous approaches to the problem
• Present your new approach, and why it’s better
• Apply the new method or theory to the problem
• Indicate the solution you arrive at by doing so
• Assess (potential or actual) effectiveness of solution
• Describe the implications
• Problem: The growth of “fake news” online
• Prevalence of polarized/conspiracy-focused news sources online
• Thesis statement: Rather than attempting to stamp out online fake news through social media moderation, an effective approach to combating it must work with educational institutions to improve media literacy
• Definition: Deliberate disinformation designed to spread virally online
• Popularization of the term, growth of the phenomenon
• Previous approaches: Labeling and moderation on social media platforms
• Critique: This approach feeds conspiracies; the real solution is to improve media literacy so users can better identify fake news
• Greater emphasis should be placed on media literacy education in schools
• This allows people to assess news sources independently, rather than just being told which ones to trust
• This is a long-term solution but could be highly effective
• It would require significant organization and investment, but would equip people to judge news sources more effectively
• Rather than trying to contain the spread of fake news, we must teach the next generation not to fall for it

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Signposting means guiding the reader through your essay with language that describes or hints at the structure of what follows.  It can help you clarify your structure for yourself as well as helping your reader follow your ideas.

The essay overview

In longer essays whose body is split into multiple named sections, the introduction often ends with an overview of the rest of the essay. This gives a brief description of the main idea or argument of each section.

The overview allows the reader to immediately understand what will be covered in the essay and in what order. Though it describes what  comes later in the text, it is generally written in the present tense . The following example is from a literary analysis essay on Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein .

Transitions

Transition words and phrases are used throughout all good essays to link together different ideas. They help guide the reader through your text, and an essay that uses them effectively will be much easier to follow.

Various different relationships can be expressed by transition words, as shown in this example.

Because Hitler failed to respond to the British ultimatum, France and the UK declared war on Germany. Although it was an outcome the Allies had hoped to avoid, they were prepared to back up their ultimatum in order to combat the existential threat posed by the Third Reich.

Transition sentences may be included to transition between different paragraphs or sections of an essay. A good transition sentence moves the reader on to the next topic while indicating how it relates to the previous one.

… Distance learning, then, seems to improve accessibility in some ways while representing a step backwards in others.

However , considering the issue of personal interaction among students presents a different picture.

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

• Ad hominem fallacy
• Post hoc fallacy
• Appeal to authority fallacy
• False cause fallacy
• Sunk cost fallacy

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• Write a College Essay
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• College Essay Format & Structure
• Comparing and Contrasting in an Essay

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The structure of an essay is divided into an introduction that presents your topic and thesis statement , a body containing your in-depth analysis and arguments, and a conclusion wrapping up your ideas.

The structure of the body is flexible, but you should always spend some time thinking about how you can organize your essay to best serve your ideas.

An essay isn’t just a loose collection of facts and ideas. Instead, it should be centered on an overarching argument (summarized in your thesis statement ) that every part of the essay relates to.

The way you structure your essay is crucial to presenting your argument coherently. A well-structured essay helps your reader follow the logic of your ideas and understand your overall point.

Comparisons in essays are generally structured in one of two ways:

• The alternating method, where you compare your subjects side by side according to one specific aspect at a time.
• The block method, where you cover each subject separately in its entirety.

It’s also possible to combine both methods, for example by writing a full paragraph on each of your topics and then a final paragraph contrasting the two according to a specific metric.

You should try to follow your outline as you write your essay . However, if your ideas change or it becomes clear that your structure could be better, it’s okay to depart from your essay outline . Just make sure you know why you’re doing so.

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