Brackets are used to explain words referenced prior to the quote in the passage.
Milly must squeeze in ". . . as many pulsations as possible into a given time" (Pater 153).
In his letter to Gosse, Henry James addresses and imagines Pater’s continuing
potency throughout time:
He reminds me, in the disturbed night of our actual literature, of one of those
lucent matchboxes which you place . . . near the candle, to show you, in the
darkness, where you can strike a light: he shines in the uneasy gloom
—vaguely, and has a phosphorescence . . . . he is not of the little day—but
of the longer time. (293)
Thus James continues to play with notions of temporality.
Double-space and indent quotes that are longer than 4 lines within the text. There is no need to place them in quotation marks. Include the page number and author (if not in text) in parentheses at the end.
Mead puts forth a more permeable social self unlike James's more or less rigid "concrete particular I's and you's" ( 226).
Mead puts forth a more permeable social self unlike the more or less rigid "concrete particular I's and you's" (James, 226).
Include a partial title so that the reader knows which one is referred to on the Works Cited page.
They aimed to prove the "essential goodness of humanity" ("Transcendentalism" 46).
How to cite an online work.
To create a basic works-cited-list entry for an online work, list the author, the title of the work, the title of the website as the title of the container, and the publication details. You may need to include other elements depending on the type of work (e.g., book, scholarly article, blog post) and how you accessed it (e.g., from a journal website, from a database). Below are sample entries for online works along with links to posts containing many other examples.
Deresiewicz, William. “The Death of the Artist—and the Birth of the Creative Entrepreneur.” The Atlantic , 28 Dec. 2014, theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/01/ the-death-of-the-artist-and-the-birth-of-thecreative-entrepreneur/383497/.
Poe, Edgar Allan. “The Masque of the Red Death.” The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe , edited by James A. Harrison, vol. 4, Thomas Y. Crowell, 1902, pp. 250-58. HathiTrust Digital Library , hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924079574368.
Goldman, Anne. “Questions of Transport: Reading Primo Levi Reading Dante.” The Georgia Review , vol. 64, no. 1, spring 2010, pp. 69-88. JSTOR , www.jstor.org/stable/41403188.
Digital Sources
Government Publications
Journal Articles
Reference Works
Social Media
When you quote an author, or paraphrase an author's idea, you have to give them credit in the body of your paper. You do this by adding parenthesis with the author's name and the page number on which the information is found. These parentheses are called either "in-text citations" or "parenthetical documentation."
Like citations in your works cited page, there are guidelines for adding in-text citations as well. See below to learn more.
MLA style uses the author’s name and page numbers in in-text citations.
Here is an example:
Viking trading routes and networks supplied chieftains with additional income and brought goods that increased their status among other chieftains (Winroth 127).
This information is paraphrased from the work written by Winroth, and it can be found on page 127.
Here is an example using a quotation:
Viking trading routes and networks were “important not only for providing additional income for chieftains, but also for bringing prestigious goods to the chieftains of Scandinavia, who used these items, themselves or in the gift economy, to bolster their status among other chieftains” (Winroth 127).
Sometimes you might mention the author before the quotation or paraphrase. In that case you only need the page number in parentheses.
For example:
Winroth explains that Viking trading networks supplied chieftains with income, as well as goods that increased their status (127).
More than one author | (Harrison and Johnson 87) |
Three or more authors | (Harrison et al. 15) |
No author (use a shortened version of the title) | (“Best Colleges” 3) – Quotes for shorter works, like articles ( 312) – Italics for longer works, like books |
Website with no “pages” | Include the first part of your citation, mostly likely the author or title. You do not need to include a section or paragraph number. |
More than one work by a particular author | Include part of the title. (Harrison, “Best Colleges” 3) |
You will find that many digital information sources do not include page numbers. If you have looked for a page number and cannot find one to include in your in-text citations, you do not need to include one. You may list the author's name only.
You do have the option of including some type of indication of the place you found the information, if you feel it would be helpful to your readers. MLA recommends that you only do this if the document has defined sections, chapters, or a numbering system. For example, you may find a long document on a webpage that has sections listed as 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, and so on. In that case you could write an in-text citation that looks like this (Winroth, sect. 1.2).
©2022 Houston Community College Libraries
University Libraries University of Nevada, Reno
In-text citations are inserted in the body of your research paper to briefly document the source of your information.
If you use information from a single source more than once in succession (i.e., no other sources referred to in between), you can use a simplified in-text citation. Here is an example:
Cell biology is an area of science that focuses on the structure and function of cells (Smith 15). It revolves around the idea that the cell is a "fundamental unit of life" (17).
Note: If using this simplified in-text citation creates ambiguity regarding the source being referred to, use the full in-text citation format.
Format: (Author's Last Name Page Number)
Example: (Hunt 358)
Format: (Author's Last Name and Author's Last Name Page Number)
Example: (Case and Daristotle 57)
Format: (Author's Last Name et al. Page Number)
Example: (Case et al. 57)
Where you would normally put the author's last name, instead use the first one, two, or three words from the title. Do not use initial articles such as "A", "An" or "The". Provide enough words to clarify which sources from your works-cited list that you are referencing.
Follow the formatting of the title. For example, if the title in the works-cited list is in italics, italicize the words from the title in the in-text citation, and if the title in the works-cited list is in quotation marks, put quotation marks around the words from the title in the in-text citation.
Format: (Title Page Number)
Examples :
( Cell Biology 12)
("Nursing" 12)
To cite more than one source when you are paraphrasing, separate the in-text citations with a semi-colon.
Format: (Author's Last Name Page Number; Author's Last Name Page Number).
(Smith 42; Bennett 71).
( It Takes Two ; Brock 43).
Note: In MLA style, the sources within the in-text citation do not need to be in alphabetical order.
Sometimes an author of a book, article or website will mention another person's work by using a quotation or paraphrased idea from that source. (This may be a secondary source.) For example, the Kirkey article you are reading includes a quotation by Smith that you would like to include in your essay. The basic rule is that in both your Works-Cited List and in-text citation you will still cite Kirkey. Kirkey will appear in your Works Cited list – NOT Smith. Add the words "qtd. in" to your in-text citation.
Examples of in-text citations:
According to a study by Smith (qtd. in Kirkey) 42% of doctors would refuse to perform legal euthanasia.
Smith (qtd. in Kirkey) states that “even if euthanasia was legal, 42% of doctors would be against this method of assisted dying” (A.10).
Example of Works Cited List citation:
Kirkey, Susan. "Euthanasia." The Montreal Gazette , 9 Feb. 2013, p. A.10. Canadian Newsstand Major Dailies.
An in-text citation is a reference to information originating from another source. In-text citations must be used when you summarize, quote, paraphrase or refer to another source within a written document, such as academic literature.
In-text citations are essential in academic writing. Without them, how would readers verify the information is reliable and accurate? Trustworthy authors include their sources for verifiable information rather than opinions so readers know where the evidence for claims can be explored further.
The Modern Language Association manages MLA style standards with the purpose to “strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature” and standardize how information sources are credited in scholarly writing. Not only does the MLA recommend proper citation format, but it also suggests proper general formatting, including document spacing, margins and font size.
As you begin authoring scholarly works, you’ll find the need to credit sources. Use this quick guide to learn how to do in-text citations in MLA format.
How to do in-text citations in mla, how to do a works cited page in mla, common challenges and solutions, tips for effective in-text citations.
MLA citation style is a system for crediting sources in scholarly writing and has been widely used in classrooms, journals and the press since 1931. What began with a three-page style sheet for the MLA’s scholarly journal became a uniform writing style preferred by academics and the editorial media everywhere.
Since its inception, the in-text citation style has changed from a recommended combination of footnotes and in-text citations in MLA format. The 1951 style guide suggested : “If the reference is brief, insert it, within parentheses, in the text itself . . . ; if it is lengthy, put it in a [foot]note.” As technology and society changed, so did the MLA style. In 1995, the document added recommendations for citing CD-ROMs and online databases. In 2016, the MLA published one of the most modern versions of the MLA Handbook , wherein in-text citations in MLA style should now be written according to a template of core elements.
The modern-day components of an in-text citation in MLA format, as of the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook , include:
These short in-text citations serve as references to a Works Cited list, which should follow a written piece of work and list all sources used in detail.
Authors who correctly use in-text citations in MLA style will prove their credibility, integrity and responsibility to share accurate and reliable information and simultaneously protect themselves from stealing sources and ideas from other writers, also known as plagiarism. Plagiarism is a severe offense , and many institutions have strict rules against the practice .
Now that you understand the importance of citations let’s review how to use in-text citations in MLA style. When referring to another author’s work in your own written text, you must use parenthetical citations, including the source in parentheses within the sentence that refers to the work.
If a source does not have page numbers, use another numbering system, such as chapters, sections, scenes or articles that are explicitly numbered. If there are no numbered divisions within the work, simply cite the author’s name.
The basic format for in-text citations in MLA writings is as follows:
If including a direct quote from a source, enclose the entire quote within quotation marks to avoid confusing the reader. The in-text citation should fall outside the quotation marks at the end of the sentence before the sentence’s period. Paraphrased information does not need quotation marks but does need proper in-text citation.
It should be noted that any information included in your in-text citations must refer to the source information on the Works Cited page listed at the end of your document.
If you’re wondering how to list the references on the Works Cited page, the format varies depending on the type, such as a book or a website.
While constructing your paper, you may encounter a few citation challenges, such as a source with multiple authors or no known author. Though this can be confusing, this is how to use in-text citations in MLA style for challenging situations.
To write an in-text citation in MLA format for a source with multiple authors , simply list each author’s last name before the page number. Sources with more than two authors should cite the first author, followed by “et al.” For example:
Sources with no author must match the first listed element within its Works Cited entry. For example:
A secondary source is a publication that provides second-hand information from other researchers. You may use secondary sources in your research, though it’s best practice to search for the primary source that supplied the first-hand information, so cite it directly.
If you don’t have access to the original source, include the original author and the author of the secondary source , with the abbreviation “qtd. in” indicating where you accessed the secondary quote. “Qtd. in” stands for “quoted in.” For example:
As described above, et al. is used instead of listing all names of three or more authors, editors or contributors within your citations. It can also cite collections of essays, stories or poems with three or more contributors. When using et al., you should always use the last name of the first writer listed on the source. For example:
The most crucial part of in-text citations in MLA style is to keep a consistent and accurate format within the entire body of work. Always use the same punctuation within the in-text citations and the same formatting for sources of the same type. Ensure that double-checking citations is part of your overall proofreading process. All citations, like the written work, should be precise and error-free.
Various tools exist to help you collect and manage your sources and citations. Popular tools include Zotero , EndNote and RefWorks . These tools can create citations for you and keep track of your research documents so you can reference them again if needed. It’s wise to track your sources as they’re included in your writing rather than compiling and citing them when finished.
For the most up-to-date in-text citation information, refer to the MLA Handbook , which can be found online, in bookstores and libraries. The most recent edition of the MLA Handbook is the 9th edition, published in spring 2021.
The MLA also operates the MLA Handbook Plus , a subscription-based digital platform that offers all of the content included in the print edition, plus annual updates and valuable resources, and can be accessed anywhere, whether you’re traveling, at home or in the classroom.
The MLA Style Center offers free online sources on the official MLA style, including templates, questions and answers and advice.
Furman University offers trained consultants for students on campus to provide one-on-one or small-group assistance for writing projects at the Writing & Media Lab (WML). You can make an appointment with a WML Consultant or stop by the James B. Duke Library in the Center for Academic Success (room 002) for on-demand help (subject to scheduling).
The Writing & Media Lab can help with many tasks related to student writing and multimedia projects, including:
Mastering the art of in-text citations in MLA format will ensure that you, as an academic author, will portray yourself as a serious, responsible and factual writer who uses accurate and reliable sources.
The perspectives and thoughts shared in the Furman Blog belong solely to the author and may not align with the official stance or policies of Furman University. All referenced sources were accurate as of the date of publication.
Master of arts in teaching: an alumnus speaks | go further podcast, how to become a zoologist.
"In-text" means citing the source of information in the body of the text , for example:
Every time you cite a source in your text there has to be a corresponding citation in the Work Cited page at the end of your essay or assignment.
Guidelines:.
MLA follows the author-page method
In-text citations are placed within parenthesis and will usually contain the last name of the author and page number.
In-text citations should immediately follow a direct quote.
When paraphrasing, you need to include an in-text citation.
Parenthetical citation i s used with paraphrased or direct quote material which then has the "Author page number" at the end of the sentence in parentheses.
Example of a Direct Quote: Use quotation marks to indicate the use of the author's exact words within your paragraph.
The characters in this novel are "distinctly complex and extravagant" (Jones 115).
Before chemical or synthetic fertilizers existed, "all food production worldwide was de facto organic" (Paarlberg 166).
Example of a Paraphrase: A paraphrase is when you take a paragraph that you have read and put it into your own words. You will still need to use an in-text citation as the ideas are not your own.
The beginnings of the organic food movement can be traced back to the early twenty-first century in some European countries such as Austria and England (Paarlberg 58-61).
Example of a Signal Phrase: T he author is mentioned in the sentence, page number in parentheses.
I n Food Politics , Robert Paarlberg states that "there are some examples of food aid altering the behavior of consumers in recipient countries" (55).
Paarlberg emphasizes the fact that food aid creates dependency (56-61).
When citing images place under the image in-text (including Powepoint slides):
(Fig. #) or (Last Name of artist)
(Fig. 1) or (Warner)
(Fig. #) or ("Title of Image")
(Fig. 2) or ("Orange grove - Clewiston, Florida. ")
Single author: .
(Author last name Page number)
(Story 47).
(Author Last Name and 2nd Authors last name page number)
(Powel and Conaway 28).
As Powel and Conaway state...(28).
(First Author Last Name et al. page number)
(London et al. 120).
Per London et al. the consequences of these...(120).
(Shortened title of source in quotes and page number)
("Impact of Global Warming" 65).
Use the corporation or organization as author.
(Corporation or Organization page number)
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 7)
(Chapter Author Last Name page number)
(Achebe 543).
Websites are cited the same as other sources in-text, in the (Author page number).
If no author, follow the below guidelines:
Use the name of the presenter or the films director in the in-text citation. This should match up with the citation on your Works Cited page.
Example:
Werner Herzog's Fitzcarraldo stars Herzog's long-time film partner, Klaus Kinski. During the shooting of Fitzcarraldo , Herzog and Kinski were often at odds, but their explosive relationship fostered a memorable and influential film.
During the presentation, Jane Yates stated that invention and pre-writing are areas of rhetoric that need more attention.
In the two examples above “Herzog” (a film’s director) and “Yates” (a presentor) lead the reader to the first item in each citation’s respective entry on the Works Cited page:
Herzog, Werner, dir. Fitzcarraldo . Perf. Klaus Kinski. Filmverlag der Autoren, 1982.
Yates, Jane. "Invention in Rhetoric and Composition." Gaps Addressed: Future Work in Rhetoric and Composition, CCCC, Palmer House Hilton, 2002. Address.
An indirect source is a source cited within another source. For such indirect quotations, use "qtd. in" to indicate the source you actually consulted and include this source on your Works Cited page.
Ravitch argues that high schools are pressured to act as "social service centers, and they don't do that well" (qtd. in Weisman 259).
Run a free plagiarism check in 10 minutes, generate accurate citations for free.
Methodology
Published on January 2, 2023 by Shona McCombes . Revised on September 11, 2023.
What is a literature review? A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research that you can later apply to your paper, thesis, or dissertation topic .
There are five key steps to writing a literature review:
A good literature review doesn’t just summarize sources—it analyzes, synthesizes , and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the state of knowledge on the subject.
Upload your document to correct all your mistakes in minutes
What is the purpose of a literature review, examples of literature reviews, step 1 – search for relevant literature, step 2 – evaluate and select sources, step 3 – identify themes, debates, and gaps, step 4 – outline your literature review’s structure, step 5 – write your literature review, free lecture slides, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions, introduction.
When you write a thesis , dissertation , or research paper , you will likely have to conduct a literature review to situate your research within existing knowledge. The literature review gives you a chance to:
Writing literature reviews is a particularly important skill if you want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in research. We’ve written a step-by-step guide that you can follow below.
The academic proofreading tool has been trained on 1000s of academic texts. Making it the most accurate and reliable proofreading tool for students. Free citation check included.
Try for free
Writing literature reviews can be quite challenging! A good starting point could be to look at some examples, depending on what kind of literature review you’d like to write.
You can also check out our templates with literature review examples and sample outlines at the links below.
Download Word doc Download Google doc
Before you begin searching for literature, you need a clearly defined topic .
If you are writing the literature review section of a dissertation or research paper, you will search for literature related to your research problem and questions .
Start by creating a list of keywords related to your research question. Include each of the key concepts or variables you’re interested in, and list any synonyms and related terms. You can add to this list as you discover new keywords in the process of your literature search.
Use your keywords to begin searching for sources. Some useful databases to search for journals and articles include:
You can also use boolean operators to help narrow down your search.
Make sure to read the abstract to find out whether an article is relevant to your question. When you find a useful book or article, you can check the bibliography to find other relevant sources.
You likely won’t be able to read absolutely everything that has been written on your topic, so it will be necessary to evaluate which sources are most relevant to your research question.
For each publication, ask yourself:
Make sure the sources you use are credible , and make sure you read any landmark studies and major theories in your field of research.
You can use our template to summarize and evaluate sources you’re thinking about using. Click on either button below to download.
As you read, you should also begin the writing process. Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review.
It is important to keep track of your sources with citations to avoid plagiarism . It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography , where you compile full citation information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. This helps you remember what you read and saves time later in the process.
To begin organizing your literature review’s argument and structure, be sure you understand the connections and relationships between the sources you’ve read. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for:
This step will help you work out the structure of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research will contribute to existing knowledge.
There are various approaches to organizing the body of a literature review. Depending on the length of your literature review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically).
The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply listing and summarizing sources in order.
Try to analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments occurred.
If you have found some recurring central themes, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic.
For example, if you are reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might include healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access.
If you draw your sources from different disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods , you might want to compare the results and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. For example:
A literature review is often the foundation for a theoretical framework . You can use it to discuss various theories, models, and definitions of key concepts.
You might argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your research.
Like any other academic text , your literature review should have an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion . What you include in each depends on the objective of your literature review.
The introduction should clearly establish the focus and purpose of the literature review.
Depending on the length of your literature review, you might want to divide the body into subsections. You can use a subheading for each theme, time period, or methodological approach.
As you write, you can follow these tips:
In the conclusion, you should summarize the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasize their significance.
When you’ve finished writing and revising your literature review, don’t forget to proofread thoroughly before submitting. Not a language expert? Check out Scribbr’s professional proofreading services !
This article has been adapted into lecture slides that you can use to teach your students about writing a literature review.
Scribbr slides are free to use, customize, and distribute for educational purposes.
Open Google Slides Download PowerPoint
If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.
Statistics
Research bias
A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question .
It is often written as part of a thesis, dissertation , or research paper , in order to situate your work in relation to existing knowledge.
There are several reasons to conduct a literature review at the beginning of a research project:
Writing the literature review shows your reader how your work relates to existing research and what new insights it will contribute.
The literature review usually comes near the beginning of your thesis or dissertation . After the introduction , it grounds your research in a scholarly field and leads directly to your theoretical framework or methodology .
A literature review is a survey of credible sources on a topic, often used in dissertations , theses, and research papers . Literature reviews give an overview of knowledge on a subject, helping you identify relevant theories and methods, as well as gaps in existing research. Literature reviews are set up similarly to other academic texts , with an introduction , a main body, and a conclusion .
An annotated bibliography is a list of source references that has a short description (called an annotation ) for each of the sources. It is often assigned as part of the research process for a paper .
If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.
McCombes, S. (2023, September 11). How to Write a Literature Review | Guide, Examples, & Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved June 24, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/dissertation/literature-review/
Other students also liked, what is a theoretical framework | guide to organizing, what is a research methodology | steps & tips, how to write a research proposal | examples & templates, get unlimited documents corrected.
✔ Free APA citation check included ✔ Unlimited document corrections ✔ Specialized in correcting academic texts
COMMENTS
Learn how to cite sources in MLA style using parenthetical citations. Find out the basic rules, examples, and tips for different types of sources, such as books, articles, poems, and websites.
Learn how to cite a website in MLA style with author, title, date, and URL. See examples of different types of online sources, such as articles, web pages, and whole websites.
Learn how to cite sources in text according to MLA style, with examples and rules for different types of sources. Find out how to handle authors, page numbers, titles, and multiple sources.
It can sometimes be difficult to find out who the author of a website is. Remember that an author can be a corporation or group, not only a specific person. Author information can sometimes be found under an "About" section on a website. If there is no known author, start the citation with the title of the website instead. Date
Learn how to cite sources in your prose or in parentheses using MLA style. Find out what information to include and how to format your in-text citations correctly.
Write the author's name in last name, first name format with a period following. Next, write the name of the website in italics. Write the contributing organization's name with a comma following. List the date in day, month, year format with a comma following. Lastly, write the URL with a period following.
An in-text citation is a reference to a source that is found within the text of a paper ( Handbook 227). This tells a reader that an idea, quote, or paraphrase originated from a source. MLA in-text citations usually include the last name of the author and the location of cited information. This guide focuses on how to create MLA in-text ...
The point of an in-text citation is to show your reader where your information comes from. Including citations: Avoids plagiarism by acknowledging the original author's contribution. Allows readers to verify your claims and do follow-up research. Shows you are engaging with the literature of your field.
In-Text Citation Basics. An in-text citation usually contains the author's name (or other first element in the entry in the works cited list) and a page number. A parenthetical citation that directly follows a quotation is placed after the closing quotation mark. No punctuation is used between the author's name (or the title) and a page number.
MLA in-text citation style uses the author's last name and the page number from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken, for example: (Smith 163). If the source does not use page numbers, do not include a number in the parenthetical citation: (Smith). ... Cite web pages in text as you would any other source, using the author if known. If the ...
Note: The MLA considers the term "e-book" to refer to publications formatted specifically for reading with an e-book reader device (e.g., a Kindle) or a corresponding web application.These e-books will not have URLs or DOIs. If you are citing book content from an ordinary webpage with a URL, use the "A Page on a Web Site" format above.
Indent the long quotation 0.5 inches from the rest of the text, so it looks like a block of text. Do not put quotation marks around the quotation. Place the period at the end of the quotation before your in-text citation instead of after, as with regular quotations. Example of a Long Quotation.
Note: The publisher may be omitted from the citation if the website title is essentially the same as the publisher name. Looking for Something Else? For information about Wikipedia, see the Encyclopedia and Dictionary page.
These in-text citations should refer the reader to the source on the Works Cited page and, in most cases, provide the reader the exact location of the idea or quote within the source itself. For example, parenthetical citations will list the first part of the Works Cited entry (e.g., an author's last name) and then the location (e.g., a page ...
The nine core elements of MLA citations. 1. Author. Begin each source entry with the name of the author (s) or creator (s). The name of the first author is always inverted (Last name, First name). When a source has two authors, the second author's name is shown in the normal order (First name Last name).
How to Cite an Online Work. To create a basic works-cited-list entry for an online work, list the author, the title of the work, the title of the website as the title of the container, and the publication details. You may need to include other elements depending on the type of work (e.g., book, scholarly article, blog post) and how you accessed ...
These parentheses are called either "in-text citations" or "parenthetical documentation." Like citations in your works cited page, there are guidelines for adding in-text citations as well. ... MLA recommends that you only do this if the document has defined sections, chapters, or a numbering system. For example, you may find a long document on ...
In-text citations in MLA style follow the general format of author's last name followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. Here is an example: "Here's a direct quote" (Smith 8). If the author's name is not given, use the first word (or words) of the title. Follow the same formatting that is used in the works-cited list, such as quotation ...
The most crucial part of in-text citations in MLA style is to keep a consistent and accurate format within the entire body of work. Always use the same punctuation within the in-text citations and the same formatting for sources of the same type. Ensure that double-checking citations is part of your overall proofreading process.
Brief in-text citations point the reader to more complete information in the works cited list at the end of the paper. In-text citations include the last name of the author followed by a page number enclosed in parentheses. "Here's a direct quote" (Smith 8). If the author's name is not given, then use the first word or words of the title.
Citing a website in MLA Style. An MLA Works Cited entry for a webpage lists the author's name, the title of the page (in quotation marks), the name of the site (in italics), the date of publication, and the URL. The in-text citation usually just lists the author's name. For a long page, you may specify a (shortened) section heading to ...
"In-text" means citing the source of information in the body of the text, for example: In the text of an essay; In the outline of a speech ; In the slide of a powerpoint ; Every time you cite a source in your text there has to be a corresponding citation in the Work Cited page at the end of your essay or assignment.
An in-text citation appears in a written text and gives credit to a source's original author. They usually include information within a set of parentheses, like the author's name, the publication date of the source, and the page number the quote is from. Example: APA Style in-text citation (Brown, 1997, p. 188)
Take notes that you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. It is important to keep track of your sources with citations to avoid plagiarism. It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography, where you compile full citation information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. This helps you ...