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How to Write a Journal Critique Using APA Style

When you write a journal critique, you give a qualified opinion of the article. American Psychological Association format is most often used when writing articles relating to social and behavioral sciences. The sixth edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association provides guidelines on how to structure, format and cite your critique.

Basic Format

When writing a journal critique in APA format, you must follow general structural guidelines. Format your paper so all of the text is double-spaced and there is a 1-inch margin on all sides. The APA recommends using Times New Roman in 12 point. Your paper should include four major sections: title page, abstract, main body and references. On the title page, list the name of your paper, your name and your school’s name all on separate lines.

On your abstract page, center the word “Abstract” at the top of the page without any additional formatting. On the next line, write a concise summary of your critique. This should be a brief summary about the article and your critique. Examples of points to make in this paragraph include objectively analyzing the article and evaluating its contributions to learning. This paragraph should be between 150 to 250 words.

On a new page, type your title at the top of the page without any additional formatting. Following a double space, begin writing your critique. Journal critiques analyze a variety of topics. Examples of issues you may want to include in this section include whether you found any errors of fact or interpretation, the author had any underlying assumptions or the author was objective. If you are critiquing a research journal, then consider discussing whether the experimental methods were described adequately, the procedures included enough detail to be duplicated or any content was duplicated.

In-Text Citations

To strengthen your journal critique, you may want to quote or paraphrase sections from the original article. Whenever you do this, you must include in-text citations. With APA style, you use the author-date citation system. If you mention the original author by name, then you only need to include the year of publication within parentheses directly following his name. When you quote or paraphrase a specific passage from the journal, include the page name at the end of the sentence in parentheses. This should be written as “p.” and placed before the final punctuation mark.

For references, your paper may only reference the journal that you are critiquing. To write this in proper APA style, write the author’s last name, a comma, first and middle initials and a period. Write the publication year in parentheses followed by a period. Type the name of the article title in sentence case followed by a period. Then, write the name of the journal in italics and title case, a comma, volume number, a comma, page numbers and a period. The volume number should also be in italics, but all text that follows should have plain formatting. For example: Hernandez, D. (2008). Choosing and using citation and bibliographic database software. Diabetes Educator, 34, 459-60.

• Purdue University: APA Formatting and Style Guide
• University of Illinois Springfield: Center for Teaching and Learning: How To Critique A Journal Article
• Purdue University: In-Text Citations: The Basics
• American Psychological Association: Basics of APA Style Tutorial

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10 Easy Steps: How to Do an Article Critique in APA Format

Are you looking to learn how to do an article critique in APA format? Look no further! In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the process step by step . Whether you are a student or a professional, understanding how to critique an article is an essential skill. By following these easy steps, you will be able to analyze and evaluate scholarly articles effectively .

Step 1: Read the Article

The first step in critiquing an article is to thoroughly read it. Take your time to understand the main arguments, research methods , and findings presented in the article. Pay attention to the author's writing style and the overall structure of the article. This will help you gain a deeper understanding of the content and prepare you for the next steps.

Why is reading the article important?

Reading the article is crucial because it allows you to familiarize yourself with the content and understand the author's perspective. This will help you provide a well-informed critique.

Step 2: Identify the Main Arguments

Once you have read the article, identify the main arguments presented by the author. These arguments are the central ideas that the author is trying to convey. Look for key statements or claims that support these arguments. It is important to have a clear understanding of the main arguments before proceeding with the critique.

How do you identify the main arguments?

To identify the main arguments, look for statements that are repeated throughout the article or statements that are supported by evidence. These arguments are usually found in the introduction and conclusion sections of the article.

Step 3: Evaluate the Research Methods

After identifying the main arguments, it is important to evaluate the research methods used by the author. This involves assessing the validity and reliability of the research conducted. Consider the sample size, data collection methods , and any potential biases that may have influenced the results. Evaluating the research methods will help you determine the credibility of the article.

What should you look for when evaluating research methods?

When evaluating research methods, consider the following factors:

• Sample size: Is the sample size large enough to draw meaningful conclusions?
• Data collection methods: Are the methods used to collect data appropriate for the research question ?
• Potential biases: Are there any biases that may have influenced the results?

Step 4: Assess the Findings

Once you have evaluated the research methods, it is time to assess the findings presented in the article. Consider whether the findings support the main arguments and if they are consistent with previous research in the field. Look for any limitations or weaknesses in the findings and discuss their implications.

How do you assess the findings?

To assess the findings, compare them to the main arguments presented by the author. Determine whether the findings provide strong evidence to support these arguments. Additionally, consider how the findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge in the field.

Step 5: Analyze the Writing Style

As part of your critique, it is important to analyze the writing style of the article. Consider the clarity, coherence, and organization of the author's writing. Look for any grammatical or spelling errors that may affect the overall quality of the article. Analyzing the writing style will help you provide constructive feedback to the author.

What should you look for when analyzing the writing style?

When analyzing the writing style, consider the following aspects:

• Clarity: Is the author's writing clear and easy to understand?
• Coherence: Are the ideas presented in a logical and organized manner?
• Grammar and spelling: Are there any grammatical or spelling errors?

Step 6: Consider the Implications

After analyzing the article, it is important to consider the implications of the research presented. Think about how the findings may impact the field of study or any practical applications that may arise. Discuss any potential future research that could build upon the findings of the article.

Why is considering the implications important?

Considering the implications of the research helps you understand the broader significance of the article. It allows you to think critically about the potential impact of the findings and their relevance to the field.

Step 7: Provide Constructive Feedback

Once you have thoroughly analyzed the article, it is time to provide constructive feedback to the author. Highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the article, focusing on areas that could be improved. Offer suggestions for further research or alternative perspectives that could enhance the article's overall quality.

How do you provide constructive feedback?

When providing constructive feedback, be specific and provide examples to support your points. Use a respectful and professional tone , focusing on the content rather than personal opinions. Remember that the goal is to help the author improve their work.

Step 8: Format Your Critique in APA Style

When writing your critique , it is important to follow the APA (American Psychological Association) format. This includes using proper in-text citations and creating a reference list for any sources cited in your critique. Familiarize yourself with the APA guidelines to ensure your critique is formatted correctly.

What are the key elements of APA format?

When formatting your critique in APA style, consider the following elements:

• In-text citations: Use author-date citations to acknowledge the sources you have referenced in your critique.
• Reference list: Create a reference list at the end of your critique, listing all the sources cited in alphabetical order.
• Formatting: Use 12-point Times New Roman font, double-spacing, and 1-inch margins on all sides.

Step 9: Proofread and Revise

Before finalizing your critique, it is essential to proofread and revise your work. Check for any grammatical or spelling errors and ensure that your critique is clear and concise . Make sure your arguments are well-supported and that your critique flows logically from one point to the next.

Why is proofreading and revising important?

Proofreading and revising your critique helps you eliminate any errors or inconsistencies in your writing . It ensures that your critique is of the highest quality and effectively communicates your thoughts and analysis.

By following these 10 easy steps, you can confidently critique an article in APA format. Remember to read the article thoroughly, identify the main arguments, evaluate the research methods, assess the findings, analyze the writing style, consider the implications, provide constructive feedback, format your critique in APA style, and proofread and revise your work. With practice, you will become proficient in critiquing articles and contribute to the scholarly discourse in your field of study.

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What is an article critique in APA format?

An article critique in APA format is a critical analysis of a scholarly article following the guidelines set by the American Psychological Association (APA). It involves evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the article's content, structure, methodology, and conclusions.

How do I start an article critique in APA format?

To start an article critique in APA format, begin by reading the article thoroughly and taking notes. Then, create an outline to organize your critique. Introduce the article, summarize its main points, analyze its strengths and weaknesses, and provide a conclusion. Remember to cite the article using APA style.

What are the key elements of an article critique in APA format?

The key elements of an article critique in APA format include an introduction, summary of the article, analysis of the article's strengths and weaknesses, and a conclusion. Additionally, proper citation of the article using APA style is essential. It is also important to provide evidence and examples to support your critique.

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Article Summaries, Reviews & Critiques

• Writing an article SUMMARY
• Writing an article REVIEW

Writing an article CRITIQUE

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A critique asks you to evaluate an article and the author’s argument. You will need to look critically at what the author is claiming, evaluate the research methods, and look for possible problems with, or applications of, the researcher’s claims.

Introduction

Give an overview of the author’s main points and how the author supports those points. Explain what the author found and describe the process they used to arrive at this conclusion.

Body Paragraphs

Interpret the information from the article:

• Does the author review previous studies? Is current and relevant research used?
• What type of research was used – empirical studies, anecdotal material, or personal observations?
• Was the sample too small to generalize from?
• Was the participant group lacking in diversity (race, gender, age, education, socioeconomic status, etc.)
• For instance, volunteers gathered at a health food store might have different attitudes about nutrition than the population at large.
• How useful does this work seem to you? How does the author suggest the findings could be applied and how do you believe they could be applied?
• How could the study have been improved in your opinion?
• Does the author appear to have any biases (related to gender, race, class, or politics)?
• Is the writing clear and easy to follow? Does the author’s tone add to or detract from the article?
• How useful are the visuals (such as tables, charts, maps, photographs) included, if any? How do they help to illustrate the argument? Are they confusing or hard to read?
• What further research might be conducted on this subject?

Try to synthesize the pieces of your critique to emphasize your own main points about the author’s work, relating the researcher’s work to your own knowledge or to topics being discussed in your course.

From the Center for Academic Excellence (opens in a new window), University of Saint Joseph Connecticut

Additional Resources

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Writing an Article Critique (from The University of Arizona Global Campus Writing Center)

How to Critique an Article (from Essaypro.com)

How to Write an Article Critique (from EliteEditing.com.au)

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PSYC 2301 | Article Critique Assignment

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APA 7th Edition Citation

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General APA Guidelines

Your essay should be typed and double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5" x 11"), with 1" margins on all sides. You should use a font consistently throughout the paper. APA recommends using either a sans serif font such as 11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, or 10-point Lucida Sans Unicode, or a serif font such as 12-point Times New Roman, 11-point Georgia, or 10-point Computer Modern.

Include a  page header   at the top of every page. For a student paper, this only includes the page number in the header even with the top right margin.

More details are available from your instructor, the sample paper link provide, the Purdue OWL website, or the APA Manual located at the library reference desk or on reserve at your campus library. 

• APA Style Video Tutorial This tutorial is designed for writers new to APA Style. Learn the basics of seventh edition APA Style, including paper elements, format, and organization; academic writing style; grammar and usage; bias-free language; mechanics of style; tables and figures; in-text citations, paraphrasing, and quotations; and reference list format and order. The Basics of Seventh Edition APA Style tutorial will permanently stay on this site for free.
• Purdue Online Writing Lab Sample APA 7 Student Paper The APA Publication Manual, 7th Edition specifies different formatting conventions for student and professional papers (i.e., papers written for credit in a course and papers intended for scholarly publication). These differences mostly extend to the title page and running head. Crucially, citation practices do not differ between the two styles of paper. This is a sample student paper.
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• APA General Format from the Purdue OWL APA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page.

These sites are citation generators.  They will create a citation for you:

You should always double-check any of the citations that are made for you.  Never just blindly copy and paste a citation assuming it is correct.

• Using Citation Generators Responsibly - Purdue OWL This page describes how citation generator apps work to show what’s happening when a writer uses one. Then, it offers a few “best practices” for using citation generators.
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PSY290 - Research Methods

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Writing a Critical Review

Sample summaries, verbs to help you write the summary, how to read a scholarly article.

• APA Citation Style Help

A critical review is an academic appraisal of an article that offers both a summary and critical comment. They are useful in evaluating the relevance of a source to your academic needs. They demonstrate that you have understood the text and that you can analyze the main arguments or findings. It is not just a summary; it is an evaluation of what the author has said on a topic. It’s critical in that you thoughtfully consider the validity and accuracy of the author’s claims and that you identify other valid points of view.

An effective critical review has three parts:

• APA citation of article
• Clearly summarizes the purpose for the article and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the research. (In your own words – no quotations.)
• Evaluates the contribution of the article to the discipline or broad subject area and how it relates to your own research.

Steps to Write a Critical Review:

• Create and APA style citation for the article you are reviewing.
• Skim the text: Read the title, abstract, introduction, and conclusion.
• Read the entire article in order to identify its main ideas and purpose.

Q. What were the authors investigating? What is their thesis? Q. What did the authors hope to discover?

        D. Pay close attention to the methods used by the authors to collection information.

Q. What are the characteristics of the participants? (e.g.) Age/gender/ethnicity

Q. What was the procedure or experimental method/surveys used?

Q. Are their any flaws in the design of their study?

  E. Review the main findings in the “Discussion” or “Conclusion” section. This will help you to evaluate the validity of their evidence, and the credibility of the authors.             Q.   Are their conclusions convincing?            Q.   Were their results significant? If so, describe how they were significant.  F. Evaluate the usefulness of the text to YOU in the context of your own research.

Q. How does this article assist you in your research?

Q. How does it enhance your understanding of this issue?

Q. What gaps in your research does it fill?

Good Summary:

Hock, S., & Rochford, R. A. (2010). A letter-writing campaign: linking academic success and civic engagement. Journal  of Community Engagement and Scholarship, 3 (2), 76-82.

Hock & Rochford (2010) describe how two classes of developmental writing students were engaged in a service-learning project to support the preservation of an on-campus historical site. The goal of the assignment was to help students to see how they have influence in their community by acting as engaged citizens, and to improve their scores on the ACT Writing Sample Assessment (WSA) exam. The authors report that students in developmental classes often feel disempowered, especially when English is not their first language. This assignment not only assisted them in elevating their written communication skills, but it also gave real-life significance to the assignment, and by extension made them feel like empowered members of the community. The advancement in student scores serves as evidence to support my research that when students are given assignments which permit local advocacy and active participation, their academic performance also improves.

Bad Summary:

Two ELL classes complete a service-learning project and improve their writing scores. This article was good because it provided me with lots of information I can use. The students learned a lot in their service-learning project and they passed the ACT exam.  

Remember you're describing what someone else has said. Use verbal cues to make this clear to your reader.  Here are some suggested verbs to use: 

* Adapted from: http://www.laspositascollege.edu/raw/summaries.php

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Journal Article Review in APA Style

Journal article reviews refer to the appraisal of potencies and limitations of an article’s opinion and subject matter. The article reviews offer the readers with an explanation, investigation and clarification to evaluate the importance of the article. A journal article review usually follows the APA style, which is in itself an exceptional mode of writing. Writing a journal article review in APA style requires a thorough reading of an article and then present our personal opinions on its subject matter.

In order to write a journal article review in APA style, one must necessarily conform to the detailed guidelines of APA style of writing. As such, a few tips for writing a journal article review in APA style have been provided in details below.

Tips for Writing Journal Article Review in APA Style

Getting started.

Read the complete article. Most journal articles use highly complicated and difficult language and wording. Thus, it is suggested to read the article thoroughly several times to understand it perfectly. Select a statement that effectively conveys the main idea of your review. Present the ideas in a rational order, keeping in mind that all opinions must sustain the main idea.

Start with a header with citation

Journal article reviews start with a header, including citation of the sources being reviewed. This citation is mentioned at the top of the review, following the APA style (refer to the APA style manual for more information). We will need the author’s name for the article, title of the article, journal of the published article, volume and issue number, publication date, and page numbers for the article.

Write a summary

The introductory paragraph of the review should provide a brief summary of the article, strictly limiting it to one to three paragraphs depending on the article length. The summary should discuss only the most imperative details about the article, like the author’s intention in writing the article, how the study was conducted, how the article relates to other work on the same subject, the results and other relevant information from the article.

Body of the review

The succeeding paragraphs of the review should present your ideas and opinions on the article. Discuss the significance and suggestion of the results of the study. The body of the article review should be limited to one to two paragraphs, including your understanding of the article, quotations from the article demonstrating your main ideas, discussing the article’s limitations and how to overcome them.

Concluding the review

The concluding paragraphs of the review should provide your personal appraisal of the journal article. Discuss whether the article is well-written or not, whether any information is missing, or if further research is necessary on the subject. Also, write a paragraph on how the author could develop the study results, what the information means on a large scale, how further investigation can develop the subject matter, and how the knowledge of this field can be extended further.

Citation and Revision

In-text citation of direct quotes or paraphrases from the article can be done using the author’s name, year of publication and page numbers (refer to the APA-style manual for citation guidelines). After finishing the writing of journal article review in APA style, it would be advised to re-visit the review after a few days and then re-read it altogether. By doing this, you will be able to view the review with a new perspective and may detect mistakes that were previously left undetected.

The above mentioned tips will help and guide you for writing a journal article review in APA style. However, while writing a journal article review, remember that you are undertaking more than just a narrative review. Thus, the article review should not merely focus on discussing what the article is about, but should reveal your personal ideas and opinions on the article.

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APA Style 7th Edition: Citing Your Sources

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Adapted from American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed).  https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000

The following formats apply to all journals, periodicals, magazines, newspapers, etc. whether you found them in an online database, search engine, or in print.

• Volume, issue and page numbers in periodicals:  Continuous pagination throughout a volume: only cite the volume number (in italics), followed by a comma and then the page numbers: 20 , 344-367.
•   Do Not copy and paste URLS from library databases or other platforms that restrict public access.

See Ch. 10 pp. 313-352 of APA Manual for more examples and formatting rules

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Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

Reference List: Articles in Periodicals

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Note:  This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style  can be found here .

Please note: the following contains a list of the most commonly cited periodical sources. For a complete list of how to cite periodical publications, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual.

APA style dictates that authors are named with their last name followed by their initials; publication year goes between parentheses, followed by a period. The title of the article is in sentence-case, meaning only the first word and proper nouns in the title are capitalized. The periodical title is run in title case, and is followed by the volume number which, with the title, is also italicized. If a DOI has been assigned to the article that you are using, you should include this after the page numbers for the article. If no DOI has been assigned and you are accessing the periodical online, use the URL of the website from which you are retrieving the periodical.

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article.  Title of Periodical , volume number (issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy

Article in Print Journal

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening.  The New Criterion, 15 (3), 5 – 13.

Note: APA 7 advises writers to include a DOI (if available), even when using the print source. The example above assumes no DOI is available.

Article in Electronic Journal

As noted above, when citing an article in an electronic journal, include a DOI if one is associated with the article.

Baniya, S., & Weech, S. (2019). Data and experience design: Negotiating community-oriented digital research with service-learning.  Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement ,   6 (1), 11 – 16.  https://doi.org/10.5703/1288284316979

DOIs may not always be available. In these cases, use a URL. Many academic journals provide stable URLs that function similarly to DOIs. These are preferable to ordinary URLs copied and pasted from the browser's address bar.

Denny, H., Nordlof, J., & Salem, L. (2018). "Tell me exactly what it was that I was doing that was so bad": Understanding the needs and expectations of working-class students in writing centers. Writing Center Journal , 37 (1), 67 – 98. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26537363

Note that, in the example above, there is a quotation in the title of the article. Ordinary titles lack quotation marks.

Article in a Magazine

Peterzell, J. (1990, April). Better late than never.  Time, 135 (17), 20 –2 1.

Article in a Newspaper

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies.  The Country Today , 1A, 2A.

Baumeister, R. F. (1993). Exposing the self-knowledge myth [Review of the book  The self-knower: A hero under control , by R. A. Wicklund & M. Eckert].  Contemporary Psychology , 38 (5), 466–467.