office building business plan

How To Write a Business Plan for Commercial Office Building in 9 Steps: Checklist

By henry sheykin, resources on commercial office building.

• Financial Model
• Business Plan
• Value Proposition
• One-Page Business Plan

In the competitive world of commercial real estate, owning and operating a successful office building requires careful planning and strategic decision making. As the most popular business model in the US, leasing office space offers building owners a consistent source of revenue and the opportunity to build lasting relationships with their tenants. If you're considering venturing into this industry, it's crucial to develop a well-thought-out business plan that outlines your goals, target market, and financial projections. In this blog post, we'll guide you through the essential steps for creating a successful business plan for a commercial office building.

The commercial office building industry is booming, with a projected annual growth rate of 2.8% from 2021 to 2026. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for flexible workspace solutions and the rise of remote work. With businesses and individuals seeking high-quality office space, now is an opportune time to enter this market.

To start, it's essential to conduct thorough market research and analysis. This step will help you understand the demand for office space in your target area, identify potential competitors, and determine the viability of your business idea. By defining your target market and assessing the competition, you can tailor your offerings and marketing strategies to attract your ideal tenants.

Next, you'll need to determine the size and scope of your office building. Consider factors such as location, available amenities, and the needs of your target market. Developing a strategic business model will help you outline your unique selling proposition and differentiate yourself from competitors. Conducting a feasibility study will further assess the financial and operational viability of your business, ensuring that your plans align with your objectives.

Once you've established the foundation of your business plan, it's time to define your objectives and goals. Clearly articulating what you hope to achieve will guide your decision making and keep you focused on your long-term vision. Additionally, creating financial projections and budget will give you a realistic understanding of the revenue potential and costs associated with running your office building.

Finally, a comprehensive marketing and sales plan is essential for attracting and retaining tenants. Consider digital marketing strategies, networking opportunities, and collaboration with local businesses to showcase the unique features of your office building. This plan will help you create awareness, generate leads, and ultimately secure tenants for your commercial space.

Writing a business plan for a commercial office building may seem overwhelming, but it's a vital step towards your success in the industry. By following these nine steps, you'll be well-equipped to navigate the competitive landscape and create a thriving business that meets the needs of your target market. Good luck on your entrepreneurial journey!

• Conduct market research and analysis.
• Identify and define your target market.
• Assess the competition in the area.
• Determine the size and scope of the office building.
• Develop a strategic business model.
• Conduct a feasibility study.
• Define your objectives and goals for the business.
• Determine your financial projections and budget.
• Create a comprehensive marketing and sales plan.

Conduct Market Research and Analysis

Before embarking on any business venture, it is essential to gather relevant information about the market in which you plan to operate. Conducting thorough market research and analysis will provide you with valuable insights that will guide your decision-making process and help you create a successful business plan for your commercial office building.

Market Size and Potential: Start by determining the size and potential of the market for commercial office space in your target area. Look for data on the number of businesses, organizations, and individuals seeking office space, as well as any projected growth in the demand for such spaces. This information will give you an idea of the market's scale and the potential revenue you can generate.

Local Economy and Demographics: Understand the local economy and demographics of the area where you plan to establish your commercial office building. Analyze factors such as population growth, income levels, employment rates, and industry trends. This will help you tailor your offerings to meet the specific needs and preferences of potential tenants.

Competitive Landscape: Research and analyze the competition in the area. Identify existing office buildings and assess their strengths, weaknesses, and occupancy rates. Pay attention to the types of tenants they attract and the pricing strategies they employ. This information will help you determine how to position your office building in the market and differentiate yourself from competitors.

Trends and Opportunities: Stay updated on the latest trends and opportunities in the commercial office building industry. Look for emerging technologies, changing work patterns, and evolving demands for amenities and services. This information will enable you to align your business model and offerings with the evolving needs of potential tenants.

Tips for Conducting Market Research and Analysis:

• Utilize both primary and secondary research methods to gather comprehensive data. Primary research can involve surveying potential tenants and industry experts, while secondary research entails analyzing existing reports, studies, and statistics.
• Consider seeking the assistance of market research firms or professionals who specialize in the commercial real estate industry. They can provide valuable insights and guidance throughout the research process.
• Keep an eye on local and national economic indicators, as they can significantly impact the demand for commercial office space. Factors such as interest rates, inflation rates, and industry-specific regulations can influence the performance of your business.
• Regularly update and review your market research to stay informed about any changes or emerging trends in the market. This will allow you to adapt your business plan accordingly and maintain a competitive edge.

Identify And Define Your Target Market

Identifying and defining your target market is a crucial step in creating a successful business plan for a commercial office building. By understanding who your ideal customers are, you can tailor your marketing strategies, amenities, and services to meet their specific needs and preferences.

When identifying your target market, consider factors such as the size and type of businesses or organizations you want to attract, their industry or sector, their location preferences, and their budgetary constraints. This will help you narrow down your focus and develop a more effective marketing and sales plan.

• Research your target market: Before you can define your target market, it is essential to conduct thorough research to understand the current demand for office space in your desired location. Analyze market trends, demographics, and economic indicators to gain insights into the potential customer base in the area.
• Segment your market: After conducting research, segment your target market based on relevant criteria such as business size, industry, location preferences, and budget. This will allow you to tailor your marketing messages and services to specific customer groups.
• Identify customer needs and preferences: By understanding the needs and preferences of your target market, you can position your commercial office building as the ideal solution. Conduct surveys, interviews, or focus groups to gather insights into what amenities, services, and features are most important to your potential tenants.
• Consider emerging trends: Stay up to date with emerging trends in the commercial office space industry. This includes factors such as remote work, flexible office arrangements, and sustainability. By catering to these trends, you can attract a broader range of customers and differentiate your offering from competitors.
• Engage with local business organizations and attend networking events to gain insights into the needs and preferences of potential customers.
• Utilize online tools and resources, such as industry reports and market data, to further understand your target market and competitive landscape.
• Regularly reassess and update your target market definition to stay aligned with changing customer demands and industry trends.

By clearly identifying and defining your target market, you can develop a focused and effective business plan that caters to the specific needs of your potential customers. This will increase your chances of success and help you establish a strong presence in the competitive commercial office building industry.

Assess The Competition In The Area

Assessing the competition in the area is a crucial step in developing a successful business plan for a commercial office building. Understanding the landscape of other office buildings in the vicinity will help you identify gaps in the market and formulate strategies to differentiate your property.

• Research existing office buildings: Start by researching and compiling a list of existing office buildings in the area. Look for properties that cater to a similar target market or offer similar amenities and services. Take note of their location, size, rental rates, and any unique selling points they may have.
• Study tenant profiles: Analyze the tenant profiles of the competing office buildings to understand the types of businesses they attract. This will give you insights into the demand for different types of office spaces in the area and help you determine your target market.
• Assess occupancy rates and vacancy rates: Evaluate the occupancy rates and vacancy rates of the existing office buildings. This will indicate the demand for office spaces in the area and help you gauge the competitiveness of the market. A high occupancy rate may suggest a strong demand, while a high vacancy rate may indicate an oversaturated market.
• Visit the competing office buildings in person to get a firsthand experience of their facilities and services.
• Talk to businesses that are currently leasing space in the area to gather information about their experiences and preferences.
• Identify any gaps or unmet needs in the market that you can capitalize on to gain a competitive advantage.

Determine The Size And Scope Of The Office Building

When establishing a commercial office building, it is crucial to determine the size and scope of the facility. This step involves carefully considering various factors that will enable you to make informed decisions about the design and layout of the building.

First and foremost, you need to evaluate the demand in the market and the needs of potential tenants. Conducting market research and analysis will give you insights into the current trends, occupancy rates, and preferences of businesses in the area. This information will help you understand what size of office spaces are in demand, what amenities are essential, and what types of businesses are looking for workspace.

• Consider the location and accessibility of the office building. Ensure it is in a convenient location with easy access to transportation, highways, and amenities.
• Anticipate the future growth of the market and plan for scalability. It is essential to design a building that can accommodate potential expansion or be flexible enough to cater to different types of businesses.

Next, you should also consider the financial feasibility and constraints of your project. Evaluate your budget and resources to determine the size of the building you can realistically afford. Remember to factor in costs such as construction, permits, and ongoing maintenance.

Additionally, consider the available land or space for development. If you already have a particular location in mind, assess the size of the land and any zoning or building restrictions that may limit the scope of your project.

• Consult with architects, engineers, and construction professionals to ensure that the design and size of your office building meet local building codes and regulations.
• Engage with potential tenants or industry experts to gain insights into their preferences and requirements for workspace.

By carefully determining the size and scope of your office building, you can align your project with the market demand, meet the needs of potential tenants, and ensure the financial viability of your business. This step sets the foundation for the success of your commercial office building venture.

Develop A Strategic Business Model

Developing a strategic business model for your commercial office building is crucial for long-term success. A well-thought-out plan will help you navigate the complexities of the industry and make informed decisions that align with your goals.

Here are some key steps to consider when developing your strategic business model:

• Identify your target market: Understand the types of businesses and individuals that are most likely to be interested in renting office space in your area. This will help you tailor your services and amenities to suit their needs.
• Differentiate your offerings: Determine what sets your office building apart from the competition. Whether it's state-of-the-art technology, unique design elements, or convenient location, highlight these key differentiators to attract potential tenants.
• Set pricing and leasing terms: Carefully consider the rental rates and leasing terms that will be both profitable for your business and attractive to potential tenants. Conduct market research to ensure your pricing aligns with the local market.
• Create a value proposition: Clearly define the value and benefits that your office building offers to tenants. This could include exceptional customer service, flexible lease terms, or a collaborative work environment.
• Establish partnerships: Explore potential partnerships with local businesses or service providers that can enhance the value of your office building. This may include partnering with a cleaning company, IT support, or offering exclusive deals with nearby restaurants or fitness centers.

Tips for developing a strategic business model:

• Stay updated on industry trends and best practices to identify new opportunities and stay ahead of the competition.
• Regularly review and adapt your business model to reflect changing market conditions and evolving tenant needs.
• Network and build relationships within the industry to gain insights and potential referrals.
• Seek feedback from existing tenants to identify areas where you can improve your services and enhance tenant satisfaction.

By developing a strategic business model, you can position your commercial office building for success and increase your chances of attracting high-quality tenants. Take the time to carefully consider your target market, differentiate your offerings, and create a compelling value proposition. With a solid business model in place, you'll be well on your way to building a thriving office leasing business.

Conduct a Feasibility Study

Before proceeding with your business plan for a commercial office building, it is crucial to conduct a feasibility study. This study will provide you with valuable insights and data to determine if your business idea is viable and sustainable in the market.

• Analyze the local market: Gather relevant market data to understand the demand for office space in your target area. Evaluate factors such as population growth, economic trends, and industry presence to gauge the potential demand for commercial office buildings.
• Assess competitor offerings: Study the existing office buildings in the area and analyze their offerings, pricing, and occupancy rates. This will help you identify any gaps in the market and differentiate your business from competitors.
• Evaluate financial feasibility: Determine the financial viability of your business by analyzing the potential costs and revenue streams. Consider factors such as construction costs, ongoing maintenance expenses, potential rental income, and return on investment.
• Examine legal and regulatory requirements: Understand the legal and regulatory frameworks that govern commercial office buildings in your area. Ensure compliance with zoning laws, safety regulations, permits, and licenses necessary to operate your business.

Tips for conducting a feasibility study:

• Engage with professionals: Seek the guidance of real estate experts, consultants, and industry professionals who can provide insights into market trends and best practices.
• Use surveys and focus groups: Conduct surveys and organize focus groups to gather feedback from potential tenants and stakeholders. This will help validate your assumptions and tailor your offerings to meet market demands.
• Consider scalability: Evaluate the potential for expansion and growth in the future. Assess whether the market can support additional office space as your business expands.
• Identify potential risks: Identify and mitigate any potential risks that may impact the success of your business, such as changes in the economy, shifts in tenant preferences, or unforeseen construction challenges.

By conducting a thorough feasibility study, you will gain a clear understanding of the market dynamics, assess the potential risks and rewards, and make informed decisions when developing your business plan for a commercial office building.

Define Your Objectives And Goals For The Business

Defining clear objectives and goals for your commercial office building business is crucial for its success. These objectives will serve as a roadmap for your operations and help guide your decision-making process. Here are a few key steps to follow when defining your objectives and goals:

• Identify your core values: Determine what values are important to your business and how they align with your overall mission. This will help shape your objectives and goals in a way that reflects your business's values and purpose.
• Set measurable goals: Clearly define what you want to achieve and establish specific, measurable goals to track your progress. For example, you may set a goal to achieve a certain occupancy rate within a specific timeframe or increase annual revenue by a certain percentage.
• Create realistic targets: Ensure that your objectives and goals are realistic and attainable. Setting overly ambitious goals may lead to disappointment and frustration if they are not met.
• Consider short-term and long-term objectives: Plan for both short-term achievements and long-term growth. Short-term objectives may focus on immediate revenue generation or building tenant relationships, while long-term objectives may involve expanding your property portfolio or increasing market share.
• Align with market demand: Research and analyze market trends and demand to shape your objectives and goals. Understanding the needs of your target market will help you create objectives that address their specific requirements.
• Regularly review and reassess your objectives and goals to ensure they remain relevant and aligned with market conditions.
• Communicate your objectives and goals to your team and involve them in the process. This will foster a sense of ownership and commitment among your employees.
• Break down larger goals into smaller, manageable tasks to make them more achievable and to maintain motivation.
• Consider incorporating sustainability and environmental goals into your objectives to align with growing environmental consciousness.

Clearly defining your objectives and goals will provide a clear direction for your commercial office building business. This clarity will not only help you stay focused but will also enable you to measure your progress and make necessary adjustments along the way. Keep these objectives at the forefront of your strategic planning and consistently work towards achieving them.

Determine Your Financial Projections And Budget

Determining your financial projections is a critical step in creating a business plan for a commercial office building. It allows you to estimate your expected income and expenses, and helps you make informed decisions about the financial viability of your venture. Here are some important considerations:

1. Estimate your revenue: Calculate your projected rental income based on market rates and occupancy rates. Consider any additional revenue streams, such as income from amenities or ancillary services.

2. Identify your expenses: Make a comprehensive list of all the expenses associated with operating your office building. This may include property taxes, insurance, utilities, maintenance costs, and any other recurring expenses.

3. Determine your operating costs: Calculate the costs of providing basic amenities and services to your tenants, such as utilities, security, and maintenance. This will help you determine the minimum amount you need to charge in rent to cover these expenses.

4. Budget for capital expenditures: Consider any upfront costs or one-time investments required to establish or improve the office building. This may include renovations, equipment purchases, or marketing expenses.

5. Create a cash flow forecast: Develop a projection of your monthly and annual cash flow to assess the financial health of your business. This will help you identify any potential gaps or areas where adjustments may be needed.

6. Seek professional advice: Consult with a financial advisor or accountant who specializes in commercial real estate to ensure your financial projections and budget are realistic and based on industry standards.

• Consider conducting sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of different scenarios and variables, such as changes in occupancy rates or rental rates.
• Regularly review and update your financial projections and budget as market conditions and business performance evolve.
• Be conservative in your estimates and account for unexpected expenses or fluctuations in the market.
• Track your actual financial performance against your projections to identify any discrepancies and make necessary adjustments.

Create A Comprehensive Marketing And Sales Plan

Once you have determined the size and scope of your office building and developed a strategic business model, it is essential to create a comprehensive marketing and sales plan. This plan will outline your strategies for attracting and securing tenants, as well as how you will promote your office building to the target market. A well-thought-out marketing and sales plan can greatly increase your chances of success in the competitive leasing industry.

1. Identify your target market: Before you can effectively market your office building, you need to clearly define your target market. This will allow you to tailor your advertising and promotional efforts to reach the right audience. Consider factors such as the size of the businesses or organizations you want to attract, their industry, and their specific needs and preferences.

2. Develop a strong brand identity: Your office building should have a unique brand identity that sets it apart from the competition. This includes a compelling name, logo, and visual elements that reflect the professionalism and quality of your space. A strong brand identity will help attract potential tenants and create a positive perception of your building in the market.

3. Utilize various marketing channels: To effectively reach your target market, you need to utilize multiple marketing channels. This may include online advertising, social media marketing, email campaigns, direct mail, and local networking events. The key is to develop a mix of marketing strategies that align with your target market's preferences and behavior.

4. Showcase your unique selling points: Highlight the unique selling points of your office building in your marketing materials and sales pitches. This could include features such as state-of-the-art facilities, prime location, flexible lease terms, or exceptional customer service. Emphasizing these strengths will help differentiate your building from competitors and attract potential tenants.

5. Develop a comprehensive sales strategy: Your sales strategy should outline how you will convert leads into tenants. This may include offering incentives or discounts, providing virtual tours or in-person visits, collaborating with real estate agents or brokers, and conducting follow-up communications. The goal is to guide potential tenants through the leasing process and ultimately secure long-term commitments.

Tips for Creating a Successful Marketing and Sales Plan:

• Regularly review and update your marketing and sales plan to adapt to changing market conditions and tenant demands.
• Utilize analytics and data-driven insights to measure the effectiveness of your marketing efforts and make informed decisions.
• Consider offering special promotions or discounts to attract new tenants or retain existing ones.
• Collaborate with local business organizations or associations to enhance your networking opportunities and expand your reach.

In conclusion, writing a business plan for a commercial office building is crucial for success in this competitive industry. By following these nine steps, you can ensure that you have thoroughly researched the market, identified your target market, assessed the competition, determined the size and scope of your office building, developed a strategic business model, conducted a feasibility study, defined your objectives and goals, determined your financial projections and budget, and created a comprehensive marketing and sales plan.

By taking the time to carefully plan and prepare, you can increase your chances of building a successful commercial office building that meets the needs of your tenants and generates steady revenue for years to come.

• Conduct market research and analysis
• Identify and define your target market
• Assess the competition in the area
• Determine the size and scope of the office building
• Develop a strategic business model
• Conduct a feasibility study
• Define your objectives and goals for the business
• Determine your financial projections and budget
• Create a comprehensive marketing and sales plan

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How to Write a Business Plan: Step-by-Step Guide + Examples

Noah Parsons

24 min. read

Updated March 18, 2024

Writing a business plan doesn’t have to be complicated. 

In this step-by-step guide, you’ll learn how to write a business plan that’s detailed enough to impress bankers and potential investors, while giving you the tools to start, run, and grow a successful business.

• The basics of business planning

If you’re reading this guide, then you already know why you need a business plan . 

You understand that planning helps you: 

• Raise money
• Grow strategically
• Keep your business on the right track 

As you start to write your plan, it’s useful to zoom out and remember what a business plan is .

At its core, a business plan is an overview of the products and services you sell, and the customers that you sell to. It explains your business strategy: how you’re going to build and grow your business, what your marketing strategy is, and who your competitors are.

Most business plans also include financial forecasts for the future. These set sales goals, budget for expenses, and predict profits and cash flow. 

A good business plan is much more than just a document that you write once and forget about. It’s also a guide that helps you outline and achieve your goals. 

After completing your plan, you can use it as a management tool to track your progress toward your goals. Updating and adjusting your forecasts and budgets as you go is one of the most important steps you can take to run a healthier, smarter business. 

We’ll dive into how to use your plan later in this article.

There are many different types of plans , but we’ll go over the most common type here, which includes everything you need for an investor-ready plan. However, if you’re just starting out and are looking for something simpler—I recommend starting with a one-page business plan . It’s faster and easier to create. 

It’s also the perfect place to start if you’re just figuring out your idea, or need a simple strategic plan to use inside your business.

Dig deeper : How to write a one-page business plan

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• What to include in your business plan

Executive summary

The executive summary is an overview of your business and your plans. It comes first in your plan and is ideally just one to two pages. Most people write it last because it’s a summary of the complete business plan.

Ideally, the executive summary can act as a stand-alone document that covers the highlights of your detailed plan. 

In fact, it’s common for investors to ask only for the executive summary when evaluating your business. If they like what they see in the executive summary, they’ll often follow up with a request for a complete plan, a pitch presentation , or more in-depth financial forecasts .

Your executive summary should include:

• A summary of the problem you are solving
• A description of your product or service
• An overview of your target market
• A brief description of your team
• A summary of your financials
• Your funding requirements (if you are raising money)

Dig Deeper: How to write an effective executive summary

Products and services description

This is where you describe exactly what you’re selling, and how it solves a problem for your target market. The best way to organize this part of your plan is to start by describing the problem that exists for your customers. After that, you can describe how you plan to solve that problem with your product or service. 

This is usually called a problem and solution statement .

To truly showcase the value of your products and services, you need to craft a compelling narrative around your offerings. How will your product or service transform your customers’ lives or jobs? A strong narrative will draw in your readers.

This is also the part of the business plan to discuss any competitive advantages you may have, like specific intellectual property or patents that protect your product. If you have any initial sales, contracts, or other evidence that your product or service is likely to sell, include that information as well. It will show that your idea has traction , which can help convince readers that your plan has a high chance of success.

Market analysis

Your target market is a description of the type of people that you plan to sell to. You might even have multiple target markets, depending on your business. 

A market analysis is the part of your plan where you bring together all of the information you know about your target market. Basically, it’s a thorough description of who your customers are and why they need what you’re selling. You’ll also include information about the growth of your market and your industry .

Try to be as specific as possible when you describe your market. 

Include information such as age, income level, and location—these are what’s called “demographics.” If you can, also describe your market’s interests and habits as they relate to your business—these are “psychographics.” 

Related: Target market examples

Essentially, you want to include any knowledge you have about your customers that is relevant to how your product or service is right for them. With a solid target market, it will be easier to create a sales and marketing plan that will reach your customers. That’s because you know who they are, what they like to do, and the best ways to reach them.

Next, provide any additional information you have about your market. 

What is the size of your market ? Is the market growing or shrinking? Ideally, you’ll want to demonstrate that your market is growing over time, and also explain how your business is positioned to take advantage of any expected changes in your industry.

Dig Deeper: Learn how to write a market analysis

Competitive analysis

Part of defining your business opportunity is determining what your competitive advantage is. To do this effectively, you need to know as much about your competitors as your target customers. 

Every business has some form of competition. If you don’t think you have competitors, then explore what alternatives there are in the market for your product or service. 

For example: In the early years of cars, their main competition was horses. For social media, the early competition was reading books, watching TV, and talking on the phone.

A good competitive analysis fully lays out the competitive landscape and then explains how your business is different. Maybe your products are better made, or cheaper, or your customer service is superior. Maybe your competitive advantage is your location – a wide variety of factors can ultimately give you an advantage.

Dig Deeper: How to write a competitive analysis for your business plan

Marketing and sales plan

The marketing and sales plan covers how you will position your product or service in the market, the marketing channels and messaging you will use, and your sales tactics. 

The best place to start with a marketing plan is with a positioning statement . 

This explains how your business fits into the overall market, and how you will explain the advantages of your product or service to customers. You’ll use the information from your competitive analysis to help you with your positioning. 

For example: You might position your company as the premium, most expensive but the highest quality option in the market. Or your positioning might focus on being locally owned and that shoppers support the local economy by buying your products.

Once you understand your positioning, you’ll bring this together with the information about your target market to create your marketing strategy . 

This is how you plan to communicate your message to potential customers. Depending on who your customers are and how they purchase products like yours, you might use many different strategies, from social media advertising to creating a podcast. Your marketing plan is all about how your customers discover who you are and why they should consider your products and services. 

While your marketing plan is about reaching your customers—your sales plan will describe the actual sales process once a customer has decided that they’re interested in what you have to offer. 

If your business requires salespeople and a long sales process, describe that in this section. If your customers can “self-serve” and just make purchases quickly on your website, describe that process. 

A good sales plan picks up where your marketing plan leaves off. The marketing plan brings customers in the door and the sales plan is how you close the deal.

Together, these specific plans paint a picture of how you will connect with your target audience, and how you will turn them into paying customers.

Dig deeper: What to include in your sales and marketing plan

Business operations

The operations section describes the necessary requirements for your business to run smoothly. It’s where you talk about how your business works and what day-to-day operations look like. 

Depending on how your business is structured, your operations plan may include elements of the business like:

• Supply chain management
• Manufacturing processes
• Equipment and technology
• Distribution

Some businesses distribute their products and reach their customers through large retailers like Amazon.com, Walmart, Target, and grocery store chains. 

These businesses should review how this part of their business works. The plan should discuss the logistics and costs of getting products onto store shelves and any potential hurdles the business may have to overcome.

If your business is much simpler than this, that’s OK. This section of your business plan can be either extremely short or more detailed, depending on the type of business you are building.

For businesses selling services, such as physical therapy or online software, you can use this section to describe the technology you’ll leverage, what goes into your service, and who you will partner with to deliver your services.

Dig Deeper: Learn how to write the operations chapter of your plan

Key milestones and metrics

Although it’s not required to complete your business plan, mapping out key business milestones and the metrics can be incredibly useful for measuring your success.

Good milestones clearly lay out the parameters of the task and set expectations for their execution. You’ll want to include:

• A description of each task
• The proposed due date
• Who is responsible for each task

If you have a budget, you can include projected costs to hit each milestone. You don’t need extensive project planning in this section—just list key milestones you want to hit and when you plan to hit them. This is your overall business roadmap. 

Possible milestones might be:

• Website launch date
• Store or office opening date
• First significant sales
• Break even date
• Business licenses and approvals

You should also discuss the key numbers you will track to determine your success. Some common metrics worth tracking include:

• Conversion rates
• Customer acquisition costs
• Profit per customer
• Repeat purchases

It’s perfectly fine to start with just a few metrics and grow the number you are tracking over time. You also may find that some metrics simply aren’t relevant to your business and can narrow down what you’re tracking.

Dig Deeper: How to use milestones in your business plan

Organization and management team

Investors don’t just look for great ideas—they want to find great teams. Use this chapter to describe your current team and who you need to hire . You should also provide a quick overview of your location and history if you’re already up and running.

Briefly highlight the relevant experiences of each key team member in the company. It’s important to make the case for why yours is the right team to turn an idea into a reality. 

Do they have the right industry experience and background? Have members of the team had entrepreneurial successes before? 

If you still need to hire key team members, that’s OK. Just note those gaps in this section.

Your company overview should also include a summary of your company’s current business structure . The most common business structures include:

• Sole proprietor
• Partnership

Be sure to provide an overview of how the business is owned as well. Does each business partner own an equal portion of the business? How is ownership divided? 

Potential lenders and investors will want to know the structure of the business before they will consider a loan or investment.

Dig Deeper: How to write about your company structure and team

Financial plan

Last, but certainly not least, is your financial plan chapter. 

Entrepreneurs often find this section the most daunting. But, business financials for most startups are less complicated than you think, and a business degree is certainly not required to build a solid financial forecast. 

A typical financial forecast in a business plan includes the following:

• Sales forecast : An estimate of the sales expected over a given period. You’ll break down your forecast into the key revenue streams that you expect to have.
• Expense budget : Your planned spending such as personnel costs , marketing expenses, and taxes.
• Profit & Loss : Brings together your sales and expenses and helps you calculate planned profits.
• Cash Flow : Shows how cash moves into and out of your business. It can predict how much cash you’ll have on hand at any given point in the future.
• Balance Sheet : A list of the assets, liabilities, and equity in your company. In short, it provides an overview of the financial health of your business. 

A strong business plan will include a description of assumptions about the future, and potential risks that could impact the financial plan. Including those will be especially important if you’re writing a business plan to pursue a loan or other investment.

Dig Deeper: How to create financial forecasts and budgets

This is the place for additional data, charts, or other information that supports your plan.

Including an appendix can significantly enhance the credibility of your plan by showing readers that you’ve thoroughly considered the details of your business idea, and are backing your ideas up with solid data.

Just remember that the information in the appendix is meant to be supplementary. Your business plan should stand on its own, even if the reader skips this section.

Dig Deeper : What to include in your business plan appendix

Optional: Business plan cover page

Adding a business plan cover page can make your plan, and by extension your business, seem more professional in the eyes of potential investors, lenders, and partners. It serves as the introduction to your document and provides necessary contact information for stakeholders to reference.

Your cover page should be simple and include:

• Company logo
• Business name
• Value proposition (optional)
• Business plan title
• Completion and/or update date
• Address and contact information
• Confidentiality statement

Just remember, the cover page is optional. If you decide to include it, keep it very simple and only spend a short amount of time putting it together.

Dig Deeper: How to create a business plan cover page

How to use AI to help write your business plan

Generative AI tools such as ChatGPT can speed up the business plan writing process and help you think through concepts like market segmentation and competition. These tools are especially useful for taking ideas that you provide and converting them into polished text for your business plan.

The best way to use AI for your business plan is to leverage it as a collaborator , not a replacement for human creative thinking and ingenuity. 

AI can come up with lots of ideas and act as a brainstorming partner. It’s up to you to filter through those ideas and figure out which ones are realistic enough to resonate with your customers. 

There are pros and cons of using AI to help with your business plan . So, spend some time understanding how it can be most helpful before just outsourcing the job to AI.

Learn more: 10 AI prompts you need to write a business plan

• Writing tips and strategies

To help streamline the business plan writing process, here are a few tips and key questions to answer to make sure you get the most out of your plan and avoid common mistakes .  

Determine why you are writing a business plan

Knowing why you are writing a business plan will determine your approach to your planning project. 

For example: If you are writing a business plan for yourself, or just to use inside your own business , you can probably skip the section about your team and organizational structure. 

If you’re raising money, you’ll want to spend more time explaining why you’re looking to raise the funds and exactly how you will use them.

Regardless of how you intend to use your business plan , think about why you are writing and what you’re trying to get out of the process before you begin.

Keep things concise

Probably the most important tip is to keep your business plan short and simple. There are no prizes for long business plans . The longer your plan is, the less likely people are to read it. 

So focus on trimming things down to the essentials your readers need to know. Skip the extended, wordy descriptions and instead focus on creating a plan that is easy to read —using bullets and short sentences whenever possible.

Have someone review your business plan

Writing a business plan in a vacuum is never a good idea. Sometimes it’s helpful to zoom out and check if your plan makes sense to someone else. You also want to make sure that it’s easy to read and understand.

Don’t wait until your plan is “done” to get a second look. Start sharing your plan early, and find out from readers what questions your plan leaves unanswered. This early review cycle will help you spot shortcomings in your plan and address them quickly, rather than finding out about them right before you present your plan to a lender or investor.

If you need a more detailed review, you may want to explore hiring a professional plan writer to thoroughly examine it.

Use a free business plan template and business plan examples to get started

Knowing what information you need to cover in a business plan sometimes isn’t quite enough. If you’re struggling to get started or need additional guidance, it may be worth using a business plan template. 

If you’re looking for a free downloadable business plan template to get you started, download the template used by more than 1 million businesses. 

Or, if you just want to see what a completed business plan looks like, check out our library of over 550 free business plan examples . 

We even have a growing list of industry business planning guides with tips for what to focus on depending on your business type.

Common pitfalls and how to avoid them

It’s easy to make mistakes when you’re writing your business plan. Some entrepreneurs get sucked into the writing and research process, and don’t focus enough on actually getting their business started. 

Here are a few common mistakes and how to avoid them:

Not talking to your customers : This is one of the most common mistakes. It’s easy to assume that your product or service is something that people want. Before you invest too much in your business and too much in the planning process, make sure you talk to your prospective customers and have a good understanding of their needs.

• Overly optimistic sales and profit forecasts: By nature, entrepreneurs are optimistic about the future. But it’s good to temper that optimism a little when you’re planning, and make sure your forecasts are grounded in reality. 
• Spending too much time planning: Yes, planning is crucial. But you also need to get out and talk to customers, build prototypes of your product and figure out if there’s a market for your idea. Make sure to balance planning with building.
• Not revising the plan: Planning is useful, but nothing ever goes exactly as planned. As you learn more about what’s working and what’s not—revise your plan, your budgets, and your revenue forecast. Doing so will provide a more realistic picture of where your business is going, and what your financial needs will be moving forward.
• Not using the plan to manage your business: A good business plan is a management tool. Don’t just write it and put it on the shelf to collect dust – use it to track your progress and help you reach your goals.
• Presenting your business plan

The planning process forces you to think through every aspect of your business and answer questions that you may not have thought of. That’s the real benefit of writing a business plan – the knowledge you gain about your business that you may not have been able to discover otherwise.

With all of this knowledge, you’re well prepared to convert your business plan into a pitch presentation to present your ideas. 

A pitch presentation is a summary of your plan, just hitting the highlights and key points. It’s the best way to present your business plan to investors and team members.

Dig Deeper: Learn what key slides should be included in your pitch deck

Use your business plan to manage your business

One of the biggest benefits of planning is that it gives you a tool to manage your business better. With a revenue forecast, expense budget, and projected cash flow, you know your targets and where you are headed.

And yet, nothing ever goes exactly as planned – it’s the nature of business.

That’s where using your plan as a management tool comes in. The key to leveraging it for your business is to review it periodically and compare your forecasts and projections to your actual results.

Start by setting up a regular time to review the plan – a monthly review is a good starting point. During this review, answer questions like:

• Did you meet your sales goals?
• Is spending following your budget?
• Has anything gone differently than what you expected?

Now that you see whether you’re meeting your goals or are off track, you can make adjustments and set new targets. 

Maybe you’re exceeding your sales goals and should set new, more aggressive goals. In that case, maybe you should also explore more spending or hiring more employees. 

Or maybe expenses are rising faster than you projected. If that’s the case, you would need to look at where you can cut costs.

A plan, and a method for comparing your plan to your actual results , is the tool you need to steer your business toward success.

Learn More: How to run a regular plan review

Free business plan templates and examples

Kickstart your business plan writing with one of our free business plan templates or recommended tools.

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How to write a business plan FAQ

What is a business plan?

A document that describes your business , the products and services you sell, and the customers that you sell to. It explains your business strategy, how you’re going to build and grow your business, what your marketing strategy is, and who your competitors are.

What are the benefits of a business plan?

A business plan helps you understand where you want to go with your business and what it will take to get there. It reduces your overall risk, helps you uncover your business’s potential, attracts investors, and identifies areas for growth.

Having a business plan ultimately makes you more confident as a business owner and more likely to succeed for a longer period of time.

What are the 7 steps of a business plan?

The seven steps to writing a business plan include:

• Write a brief executive summary
• Describe your products and services.
• Conduct market research and compile data into a cohesive market analysis.
• Describe your marketing and sales strategy.
• Outline your organizational structure and management team.
• Develop financial projections for sales, revenue, and cash flow.
• Add any additional documents to your appendix.

What are the 5 most common business plan mistakes?

There are plenty of mistakes that can be made when writing a business plan. However, these are the 5 most common that you should do your best to avoid:

• 1. Not taking the planning process seriously.
• Having unrealistic financial projections or incomplete financial information.
• Inconsistent information or simple mistakes.
• Failing to establish a sound business model.
• Not having a defined purpose for your business plan.

What questions should be answered in a business plan?

Writing a business plan is all about asking yourself questions about your business and being able to answer them through the planning process. You’ll likely be asking dozens and dozens of questions for each section of your plan.

However, these are the key questions you should ask and answer with your business plan:

• How will your business make money?
• Is there a need for your product or service?
• Who are your customers?
• How are you different from the competition?
• How will you reach your customers?
• How will you measure success?

How long should a business plan be?

The length of your business plan fully depends on what you intend to do with it. From the SBA and traditional lender point of view, a business plan needs to be whatever length necessary to fully explain your business. This means that you prove the viability of your business, show that you understand the market, and have a detailed strategy in place.

If you intend to use your business plan for internal management purposes, you don’t necessarily need a full 25-50 page business plan. Instead, you can start with a one-page plan to get all of the necessary information in place.

What are the different types of business plans?

While all business plans cover similar categories, the style and function fully depend on how you intend to use your plan. Here are a few common business plan types worth considering.

Traditional business plan: The tried-and-true traditional business plan is a formal document meant to be used when applying for funding or pitching to investors. This type of business plan follows the outline above and can be anywhere from 10-50 pages depending on the amount of detail included, the complexity of your business, and what you include in your appendix.

Business model canvas: The business model canvas is a one-page template designed to demystify the business planning process. It removes the need for a traditional, copy-heavy business plan, in favor of a single-page outline that can help you and outside parties better explore your business idea.

One-page business plan: This format is a simplified version of the traditional plan that focuses on the core aspects of your business. You’ll typically stick with bullet points and single sentences. It’s most useful for those exploring ideas, needing to validate their business model, or who need an internal plan to help them run and manage their business.

Lean Plan: The Lean Plan is less of a specific document type and more of a methodology. It takes the simplicity and styling of the one-page business plan and turns it into a process for you to continuously plan, test, review, refine, and take action based on performance. It’s faster, keeps your plan concise, and ensures that your plan is always up-to-date.

What’s the difference between a business plan and a strategic plan?

A business plan covers the “who” and “what” of your business. It explains what your business is doing right now and how it functions. The strategic plan explores long-term goals and explains “how” the business will get there. It encourages you to look more intently toward the future and how you will achieve your vision.

However, when approached correctly, your business plan can actually function as a strategic plan as well. If kept lean, you can define your business, outline strategic steps, and track ongoing operations all with a single plan.

See why 1.2 million entrepreneurs have written their business plans with LivePlan

Noah is the COO at Palo Alto Software, makers of the online business plan app LivePlan. He started his career at Yahoo! and then helped start the user review site Epinions.com. From there he started a software distribution business in the UK before coming to Palo Alto Software to run the marketing and product teams.

Table of Contents

• Use AI to help write your plan
• Common planning mistakes
• Manage with your business plan
• Templates and examples

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Shared Office Building Business Plan and SWOT Analysis

Shared Office Building Business Plan, Marketing Plan, How To Guide, and Funding Directory

The Shared Office Building Business Plan and Business Development toolkit features 18 different documents that you can use for capital raising or general business planning purposes. Our product line also features comprehensive information regarding to how to start a Shared Office Building business. All business planning packages come with easy-to-use instructions so that you can reduce the time needed to create a professional business plan and presentation.

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Product Specifications (please see images below):

Shared office buildings have become very popular over the past 10 years as more people decide to become entrepreneurs or acting a freelancing capacity. These businesses are able to generate extremely high-margin’s from the rental services given that they rent temporary space and small space to their clients. Usually within these facilities there are a number of amenities including Internet, shared common space, kitchen spaces, and other amenities that would be normally associated with a full-scale office. However, shared office buildings are able to make these services available at a much lower cost for the general public. Usually, shared office buildings and office share facilities charge anywhere from $200-$600 per month for the services. One of the nice things about this type of real estate business is that the barriers to entry are low. Usually, a new shared office building can be developed for as little as $250,000 only up to $1 million depending on the location of the business. Most financial institutions are happy to provide capital to real estate investment firms that are focusing on shared office facilities given the highly predictable streams of revenue generated and the tangible real estate being purchased.

As most entrepreneurs do use third-party capital to start these businesses, a business plan is often needed. Like any other type of business planning document a three-year profit and loss statement, cash flow analysis, balance sheet, breakeven analysis, and business ratios page should be developed to properly showcase the anticipated financial results of the business. Most importantly, a full analysis of the demographics within the target market should be examined as well including median household income, median family income, population density, population size, and a number of people that work as entrepreneurs or freelancers. There should also be an examination of how many new businesses are started each year within the target market especially as her relates to companies that offer services and require an office.

A shared office building marketing plan is also going to be required. Given the very high gross margins and very low barriers to entry for these types of services – the competition within this market is always significant. As such, within the marketing plan there should be a thorough discussion of the deals and offers that will be made available to the general public at the onset of operations in order to generate a tenant base. Also focus within the marketing plan should be the fact that the amenities offered by this shared office building exceed those of any competitor within the market. It is imperative that this business aggressively develop an online campaign so that people looking for office space can quickly find the business. This includes the development of a proprietary website while concurrently maintaining expansive social networking profiles on websites such as FaceBook and Twitter. Most importantly as well, and ongoing relationship with a real estate brokerage should be obtained so that people that inquire about office space can be referred to the company. This is one of the ways that many shared office buildings built develop their initial customer base at the onset of operations.

Also, a shared office building SWOT analysis should be developed as well. As it relates the strengths, these businesses can become highly lucrative and profitable once they reach near 100% capacity. It should be noted that most shared office buildings do not maintain a 100% occupancy at all times as many entrepreneurs and freelancers usually will move on to other things after a few months. As it relates to weaknesses, shared office buildings typically face a substantial amount of competition from other real estate investment firms that engage in this type of activity. Pertaining to opportunities, a shared office building company has the ability to acquire – either through a lease or through purchase – additional facilities that can be used to boost their revenues on a yearly basis. As it relates to threats, the primary threat faced by these companies are the fact that they are not immune from negative changes in the economy. During times of economic recession – many of these businesses can have some issue with their top line income as smaller businesses tend to struggle during these times. Additionally, many freelancers can see their top line revenues decline and as such may not require office space on an ongoing basis.

It should be noted that there is no special software required to use these templates. All business plans come in Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel format. Each business plan features:

• Excecutive Summary
• Company and Financing Summary
• Products and Services Overview
• Strategic Analysis with current research!
• Marketing Plan
• Personnel Plan
• 3 Year Advanced Financial Plan
• Expanded Financial Plan with Monthly Financials
• Loan Amortization and ROI Tools
• FREE PowerPoint Presentation for Banks, Investors, or Grant Companies!

1.0 Executive Summary

The purpose of this business plan is to raise $1,000,000 for the acquisition of a 20 unit office share building showcasing the expected financials and operations over the next three years. Shared Office Building, Inc. (“the Company”) is a New York based corporation that will provide rental services to customers in its targeted market. The Company was founded by John Doe. The business will offer a number of integrated amenities into its shared office complex.

1.1 Products and Services

The primary revenue center for the business is acquiring Shared Office Building properties with the intent to rent the properties to the entrepreneurial community. The business will generate profits from both the ongoing rental income paid to Shared Office Building, Inc. while generating capital appreciation from the long term holding of these properties. Now that that the real estate market has hit come to its bottom, Management expects that the market will have a future growth rate of 5% to 6% per year. The third section of the business plan will further document the Shared Office rental services and amenities offered by the business.

1.2 The Financing

Mr. Doe is seeking to raise $1,000,000 from an investor. The terms, dividend payouts, and aspects of the deal are to be determined at negotiation. This business plan assumes that an investor will receive 50% of the Company’s stock, a regular stream of dividends, and a seat on the board of directors. The financing will be used for the following: • Financing to acquire the initial Shared Office Building property. • Financing for the first six months of operation. • Capital to purchase a company vehicle. Mr. Doe will contribute $10,000 to the venture.

1.3 Mission Statement

Mr. Doe’s mission is to develop Shared Office Building, Inc. into a premier regional real estate investment firm that will acquire Shared Office Buildings and rent properties profitably.

1.4 Mangement Team

The Company was founded by John Doe. Mr. Doe has more than 10 years of experience in the real estate industry. Through his expertise, he will be able to bring the operations of the business to profitability within its first year of operations.

1.5 Sales Forecasts

Mr. Doe expects a strong rate of growth at the start of operations. Below are the expected financials over the next three years.

1.6 Expansion Plan

The Founder expects that the business will aggressively expand during the first three years of operation. As the real estate market returns to normal conditions, Shared Office Building, Inc. will be an excellent position to recognize profits from the sale of properties. In the future, the business may seek to acquire additional capital for the acquisition of additional Office Share type properties.

2.0 Company and Financing Summary

2.1 Registered Name and Corporate Structure

Shared Office Building, Inc. The Company is registered as a corporation in the State of New York.

2.2 Required Funds

At this time, the Shared Office Building requires $1,000,000 of investor funds. Below is a breakdown of how these funds will be used:

2.3 Investor Equity

John Doe intends to sell 50% of the Shared Office Building in exchange for the capital.

2.4 Management Equity

John Doe will retain 50% of the business once the capital is raised.

2.5 Exit Strategy

If the business is very successful, Mr. Doe may seek to sell the business to a third party for a significant earnings multiple or divest the property or properties individually. Most likely, the Company will hire a qualified real estate broker to sell the properties on behalf of Shared Office Building, Inc.

3.0 Products and Services

Below is a description of the real estate services offered by the Shared Office Building.

3.1 Rental of Acquired Properties

The direct finance and purchase of Office Share properties is the primary business of the Company. This type of real estate will provide a continuous stream of rental income that the Management will use for reinvestment and profit stability for the Company. Mr. Doe has already sourced a 20 unit office share complex that will be initial property acquired by the business. The amenities offered to users of the Shared Office Building include: • Limited term contracts • Access to high speed internet • Access to a conference room that is video communication capable • Shared kitchen space • All costs (electric, gas, trash) as integrated into one bill • Weekly janitorial staff Management is developing a complex economic pricing strategy that will determine the fair market rate of a property based on its capitalization rate in conjunction with the market values of commercial property. Office share focused real estate is one of the least risky form of real estate investing because the service offered is a necessity.

4.0 Strategic and Market Analysis

4.1 Economic Outlook

Management is developing a very complex pricing method to ensure that the Company can continue to provide its units at profit despite possible drawbacks in the overall economic market. The Company’s two prong approach to real estate will allow the business to grow successfully in the rapidly changing real estate market. More importantly, this strategy will allow the Company to offset the risks from each business unit so that there is a diversified balance in the Company’s real estate portfolio. This is especially important as the business uses leverage to finance the acquisition of its properties.

4.2 Industry Analysis

Shared Office Building, Inc. plans to actively pursue a real estate acquisition program that will focus on the purchase of multiunit Shared Office Buildings and related complexes with the intent of creating a recurring stream of income. Management will use reasonable leverage to purchase these properties so that a positive cash flow is generated after debt service has been paid. The recurring streams of revenue generated from the rental of Office Share property will allow the Company to continually recognize revenue despite drawbacks in the real estate market. As these properties increase in value through capital appreciation, the Company will divest of these properties to reap its capital gain profits. The Company will divest its properties once Management feels that its real estate holdings have become overvalued. Mr. Doe has worked diligently to create a pricing model that will allow the business to understand when the properties have become overvalued. This model will examine the capitalization rates of the income producing properties for a determination of true asset value. There are tremendous tax benefits for the Company as it engages its real estate investments. As the business makes its real estate divestitures, The Company will recognize capital gain income rather than income on its properties. These windfall gains will be taxed at a rate that is significantly lower than the federal regular income tax levels. This assumes that the business will divest its properties after one year’s time

4.3 Customer Profile

As the Company intends to operate among several different investment and operating units, it is hard to characterize any specific type of tenant that will occupy the Company’s Office Share property. However, Management will enact strict tenant quality and credit review procedures to ensure the Company’s revenues will not be interrupted by tenant default.

4.4 Competitive Analysis

Since real estate is effectually one of the most free market oriented businesses in the country, competition can not be accurately categorized. Shared Office Building, Inc. anticipates that there will be a sizable amount of competition from both single owner investment firms to large construction companies that are seeking to gain from the unusually high real estate prices throughout the New York metropolitan area. The primary competitive advantage that the business will have is the extensive number of integrated amenities offered to its tenants.

5.0 Marketing Plan

Shared Office Building, Inc. intends to maintain an extensive marketing campaign that will ensure maximum visibility for the acquired units in its targeted market. Below is an overview of the marketing strategies and objectives of the Company.

5.1 Marketing Objectives

• Develop relationships with entrepreneurial communities within the Company’s targeted market.

• Establish relationships with other real estate brokers and agents within the targeted market.

• Develop an online presence by acquiring accounts for major online real estate portals.

5.2 Marketing Strategies

Office share property renter marketing will be the most difficult portion of the marketing strategy. This task will be accomplished through the business’s broad marketing campaign throughout its targeted market. Primarily, Mr. Doe intends to use local real estate brokerage firms to place tenants with the Company’s Shared Office Building. In addition to using a real estate broker, Mr. Doe intends to develop his own marketing strategies that will further increase the visibility of the business’s Office Share units. This is especially important with the current real estate market environment. Shared Office Building, Inc. will also use an internet based strategy. This is very important as many people seeking real estate for rent use the Internet to conduct their preliminary searches. Mr. Doe will register Company and its initial Shared Office Building and subsequent office share complex properties with these online portals so that potential renters can easily reach the business. The Company will also develop its own online website. The Company will maintain a sizable amount of print and traditional advertising methods within local markets to promote the property that the Company is renting.

5.3 Pricing

In this section, describe the pricing of your services and products. You should provide as much information as possible about your pricing as possible in this section. However, if you have hundreds of items, condense your product list categorically. This section of the business plan should not span more than 1 page.

6.0 Organizational Plan and Personnel Summary

6.1 Corporate Organization

6.2 Organizational Budget

6.3 Management Biographies

In this section of the business plan, you should write a two to four paragraph biography about your work experience, your education, and your skill set. For each owner or key employee, you should provide a brief biography in this section.

7.0 Financial Plan

7.1 Underlying Assumptions

• Shared Office Building will have an annual revenue growth rate of 6% per year.

• The Owner will acquire $1,000,000 of investor funds to develop the business.

• The Company will not seek debt financing in the first three years of operations.

7.2 Sensitivity Analysis

The Company’s revenues can change depending on the general economic climate of the real estate industry. In times of economic recession, the Company may have issues with its top line income and rental income may decrease. However, the highly recurring nature of the Shared Office Building’s rental income streams will ensure that the business is able to maintain profitability and a positive cash flow at all times.

7.3 Source of Funds

7.4 General Assumptions

7.5 Profit and Loss Statements 

7.6 Cash Flow Analysis

7.7 Balance Sheet

7.8 General Assumptions

7.9 Business Ratios

Expanded Profit and Loss Statements

Expanded Cash Flow Analysis

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Amazing Architecture

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Zemelny Office Building in Moscow by UNK architects

UNK architects : The most northern building with a green facade in the world.   The  Zemelny  business center is located close to the Moscow subway station named  Ulitsa 1905 Goda . The building is surrounded by XX-century industrial architecture, three kilometers away from the Moscow City business district.  Zemelny   has become a ‘green’ alternative to it.

The tower with a total area of 39000 m2 stands on a three-floor stylobate. Its facade is wrapped in a fishnet-like diagonal metal shell. As a precedent for the elevation, the UNK team used hyperboloid structures designed by Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov, the author of the Shukhov Radio Tower in Moscow .

The new office building will become an ideal place for those who value the functionality of the workspace and its harmony with the surrounding nature. 

UNK architects wanted the building to remind of a private house that is though located within the city boundaries. Its architecture features a lot of glass framed by the delicate snow-white metal outline. There is Virginia creeper (flowering vine in the grape family) planted on the balconies. Every season it will transform the tower's visual comprehension: paint the facade with bright green in summer, add a red splash to it in autumn and fully expose it in winter after the leaf fall. The external metal lace shell has an uneven rhythm thus imposing the effect of an ‘artificial perspective’. It visually thinns the building and makes it more elegant. 

The main volume of the building has the shape of an isosceles triangle. Elevator lobbies and egress stairs are located in its central part. Every floor is divided into six independent spatial blocks. The site is fenced and has an individual recreation area. The underground level accommodates a parking lot with 370 spaces and is equipped with charging units for electric cars.

The triangle plan helps to achieve a very high building area efficiency factor. The major challenge during the construction was to erect a building that occupies most of the site. To solve it our team used the top-down construction method, where underground levels grow down from the street level. 

Zemelny is located on a three-story stylobate that accommodates infrastructure, event halls, a café, and multiple shops – all those can be used both by the offices’ tenants and residents. Through the use of vertical planting, the building provides another green area to the citizens. Zemelny's infrastructure is public and available to everyone which turns it into a new point of attraction of the district.

In the evening   Zemelny  is decorated with light that is being poured along hyperploid structures featuring the lacy external envelope. 

Over time the Virginia creeper vines that are planted in tubs behind the transparent facade structures will make their way around the building's envelope and become an additional source of oxygen for the city. The unique architecture of the building stimulates new development for this industrial area and provides additional objects of urban infrastructure for the residents.

By Naser Nader Ibrahim

• Office Building
• Commercial Architecture
• Zemelny Office Building
• Zemel'nyi Business-Center
• UNK architects
• Dmitry Chebanenko
• Yuliy Borisov
• UNK Architects
• Zemelny Business Cente

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Moscow-City – The Moscow International Business Center

• 3 years ago

Moscow-City is an iconic location for life and work in Russia’s capital. Enormous skyscrapers, business centers, the best restaurants and retail spaces – all this is concentrated in one place. The ultramodern Moscow-City towers are truly striking in their outward appearance, and the layout of the apartments inside and the fantastic views that can be seen from the higher floors are nothing short of impressive.

This skyscraper compound, often referred to as Moskva-City, is the Russian take on Manhattan, where businessmen strike multi-million dollar deals daily while ordinary life goes on next door. Its state of the art spaces offer the ultimate convenience. The infrastructure of this business district is so well-developed that anyone can find something interesting for themselves here: from residential apartments to boutiques, clubs, exhibitions and more.

When the foundations for the Moscow-City skyscrapers were laid, a special kind of concrete was used, the properties of which are amplified by many times compared to standard concrete. Even in the event of a plane crashing into one of the buildings, the structural integrity of the towers will be preserved.

The architects of the Moscow-City Business Center have created a unique locality that has integrated into itself the hub of the capital’s business life and a whole ensemble of historical monuments. Anyone can admire the beauty of these skyscrapers from within or without the compound. There are also a number of apartments for sale or rent available in the MIBC itself. But first, let’s have a look at some more interesting facts about the financial core of Russia’s capital.

• 1 How It All Began
• 2.1 Moscow-City Central Core
• 2.2 Tower 2000
• 2.3 Evolution Tower
• 2.4 Imperia Tower
• 2.5 Moscow Tower and St. Petersburg Tower
• 2.6 Steel Peak Tower
• 2.7 Federation Tower
• 2.8 Mercury City Tower
• 2.9 OKO Tower Complex
• 3.1 Afimall City Shopping Center
• 3.2 Bagration Bridge
• 3.3 Expocentre Fairgrounds
• 4 Renting and Buying Real Estate in Moscow-City

How It All Began

The history of Moscow-City goes all the way back to 1992. The government of Moscow at the time wanted to bring into existence its own skyscrapers like the ones in London or New York. And the idea caught on. In 1992 the project for the construction of the huge “Moscow-City” MIBC compound was enthusiastically approved, kick-starting the painstaking preparatory works. The original intention was that the skyscrapers would only house office space. However, as time went on, the towers began to welcome in ordinary residents who wanted to live on the territory of this business and finance hub.

Moscow-City is undoubtedly a city within a city. Its grandeur is mind-boggling. It is perfect in every way: from location to infrastructure. And today, anyone can get a feel of the atmosphere of the “capital city” of Russia’s business world – many of the apartments in Moscow-City are available for rent. Any citizen of Russia and even nationals of other countries can make use of these offers.

What It’s Like in 2021

Today Moscow-City is not just a magnificent and fascinating sight, but also a real hub for the work, life and leisure of thousands. Its infrastructure is organized in such a way that there is no need to leave the territory of the “city within a city” at all. This business district contains everything one may need for work and recreation. And if one does decide to venture out into the larger metropolis, the MIBC’s three subway stations make this remarkably simple to do.

Moscow-City stands on the Presnenskaya Embankment . Each of the buildings in the district has a name, which simplifies its identification. Some of the buildings form complexes that are united under one name, such as the Neva Towers and the Naberezhnaya Tower complex of two skyscrapers and one high rise. There are a total of 16 towers in the MIBC, of which the most popular are:

• Moscow-City Central Core;
• Tower 2000;
• Evolution Tower;
• Imperia Tower;
• City of Capitals (Moscow Tower and St. Petersburg Tower);
• Steel Peak Tower;
• Federation Tower;
• Mercury City Tower;
• OKO Tower Complex.

Moscow-City Central Core

This is the most complex building within the MIBC compound. Its total floor area is a whopping 1 476 378 sqft (450 000 m²). It consists of two massive parts, each of which boasts a truly impressive infrastructure. The underground part includes 3 Moscow Metro stations, a parking lot for automobiles and a shopping mall. The aboveground part houses a concert hall and a hotel.

Tower 2000 is a skyscraper having 34 stories. Its total floor area is 200 318 sqft (61 057 m²), most of which is office space. The key feature of this skyscraper is its direct connection to the Bagration Bridge, which has its own shopping arcade. The tower has everything one may need while working here, including a large parking lot and several restaurants.

Evolution Tower

This elegant structure is 836 feet (255 m) high – that’s a whole 54 stories! The total floor area here is 554 462 sqft (169 000 m²). The Evolution Tower’s key feature is that it has its own Wedding Hall. This skyscraper houses large office spaces, a parking lot and several restaurants.

Imperia Tower

MIBC’s Imperia Tower is the undeniable focal point of the MIBC’s business life. Its height is 784 feet (239 m), which means one can hold conferences and resolve key business matters on the 59 th floor! And that really is amazing! The tower has everything: offices, hotels, restaurants and parking lots. But if you want a truly unforgettable experience, visit the viewing platform! It is situated on the 58 th floor and a simply astounding view of Moscow can be seen from it.

Moscow Tower and St. Petersburg Tower

The Moscow and St. Petersburg Towers are the chief representatives of the MIBC. The Moscow Tower has 76 stories and is 990 feet (302 m) high, while the St. Petersburg Tower has 65 stories and stands 843 feet (257 m) tall. Both towers offer fantastic views of the capital city.

Most of the floors of these two skyscrapers are taken up by luxurious sky apartments. There are also several recreational and entertainment centers, office spaces, restaurants, etc.

Steel Peak Tower

Also known as the Eurasia Tower of Moscow-City, this supertall skyscraper has a total of 680 912 sqft (207 542 m²) of floor space. Most of this is taken up by offices, and the rest – by residential quarters (around 65 616 sqft or 20 000 m²). The tower also houses a number of the greatest restaurants, studios and shopping centers.

Federation Tower

The Federation Tower is a complex of two skyscrapers, known as Tower East and Tower West. Tower East is the second highest building in Europe (the first is a skyscraper recently erected in the city of St. Petersburg). Its height is a colossal 1 223 feet (373 m) and that makes 95 stories! Tower West, on the other hand, is noticeably shorter at 794 feet (242 m).

The Federation Tower is a multifunctional complex.

Mercury City Tower

The Mercury City Tower skyscraper is widely known as one of the tallest buildings in Europe. Its height is 1 112 feet (339 m) and it has 75 stories. It is multifunctional by concept, holding within its walls shopping centers, offices and all kinds of other spaces. It is also possible to rent apartments here.

OKO Tower Complex

The OKO Tower Complex consists of two towers – the North Tower (49 stories and 803 ft or 245 m in height) and the South Tower (85 stories and 1 155 ft or 352 m in height).

Each of the MIBC’s tower complexes has its own recreational and entertainment areas, restaurants and parking lots. The top floors of most of these buildings contain luxurious fully-furnished apartments. At night, the towers shine with bright lights, while inside them the panoramic windows reveal astounding views of Moscow. This breathtaking view of the capital of Russia is why visiting Moscow-City is a must!

What Not to Miss

There are many interesting landmarks within the Moscow-City compound, but three of them are truly deserving of special attention:

• The Afimall City Shopping Center;
• The Bagration Bridge with two galleries and a shopping arcade;
• The Expocentre Fairgrounds.

Afimall City Shopping Center

The Afimall City Shopping and Entertainment Center is located in Moscow-City’s Central Core. It is divided into 4 zones, each with its own theme – one for every season of the year. The shopping center houses the biggest indoor fountain found worldwide. The height of this watery wonder is 118 feet or 36 meters.

The shopping and entertainment center contains everything one might expect from one of the largest centers of its kind:

• Retail brand stores;
• Exhibitions;
• Game rooms;
• and Restaurants.

The main recreational space is roofed with a giant transparent dome, which is an impressive sight to behold.

Bagration Bridge

Bagration Bridge with its upper and lower galleries has a shopping center all of its own and was the first structure to be built as part of the Moscow-City business district. Its lower gallery is a shopping arcade and its upper gallery is an open-air viewing platform with a spectacular view of the MIBC and the Moskva River. The hall of the bridge houses the 23 foot tall sculpture called “Tree of Life”. Having gone through the bridge via either one of its two galleries, a pedestrian would find themselves standing right on the Kutuzovsky Prospekt.

Expocentre Fairgrounds

The Expocentre Fairgrounds exhibition venue is located at the very heart of the capital. The first exhibition held at the Expocentre happened all the way back in 1959, much earlier than the MIBC was erected. Today it is the venue of many interesting events.

Exhibitions with very diverse themes are regularly held at this complex. An up-to-date schedule can be found on the official webpage of the Expocentre. The events can be free or fixed-price entry, depending on their type.

Renting and Buying Real Estate in Moscow-City

Moscow-City is not only a work and business hub, but also a residential neighborhood. Any citizen of Russia can rent or buy apartments or elite sky lounges here. The variety of residential real estate available inside the skyscrapers is impressive, including options for any pocket. The following buildings in the MIBC contain residential blocks:

This skyscraper has a mirror glass façade which reflects the passing clouds. Just imagine how beautiful that looks! Anyone can buy an apartment in the Federation Tower. Such properties are not only a good investment, but also a mark of prestige. The average price of residential real estate here is 45 million rubles for an apartment with a total floor area of 334 sqft (102 m²). The average price of a square meter (3.28 square feet) is in the range of 650 to 700 thousand rubles. There are two- and three-room apartments available in the Federation Tower, each with its own loggia. As for rent, the minimum price of one month’s stay in a three-room apartment in this skyscraper is 300 000 rubles per month.

The Mercury City Tower skyscraper welcomes citizens from all parts of Russia. This building is no less tall than the world-famous Dubai skyscrapers. Living in its apartments is a delight. The minimum cost of an apartment in the Mercury City Tower is 75 million rubles. The average price of a square meter (3.28 square feet) is 800 thousand rubles. And for those looking for a lower price point, some of the properties are also available for rent – in this case you will pay a minimum of 250 thousand rubles per month.

The Imperia Tower is a key cluster of interesting offers. The best options for buying and renting apartments within the MIBC can all be found in this skyscraper. The lowest price of a residential apartment here is 40 million rubles. A square meter (3.28 square feet) in a luxurious apartment in the Imperia Tower currently costs 600 thousand rubles, while the price range of the listings available for rent in this skyscraper is from 350 thousand all the way up to 1 million rubles per month.

This complex, standing on a faceted or “crystal” base, is an architectural engineering project boasting spectacular design. Behind its impressive façades is an abundance of penthouses and apartments having floor areas in the range of 262 sqft (80 m²) to 984 sqft (300 m²). The minimum price of an apartment in the OKO Tower Complex is 40 million rubles (the price of a square meter (3.28 square feet) is 500 thousand rubles). You can rent an apartment here starting from 400 thousand rubles per month.

City of Capitals

The City of Capitals is an exemplary architectural complex. Its sum appearance gives the impression of a huge city. Inside its walls are spacious apartments available for purchase and rent. This complex is considered to be especially prestigious. The prices of apartments here start from 50 million rubles, while the minimum cost of renting is 400 thousand rubles per month.

Please note! The price of real estate available for purchase or rent depends on: the tower, the floor, the total floor area, the furnishings and/or interior design, and other factors.

The key advantages of buying/purchasing real estate in Moscow-City are:

• Favorable location;
• Convenient transportation links;
• Well-developed infrastructure;
• High safety level;
• Efficient architecture;
• Panoramic windows.

Buying real estate in Moscow-City is very much a rational decision, most appealing to those who value the ultimate level of comfort. The residential apartments here boast impressive interior design solutions executed in the contemporary style.

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Our Rating of the Best Districts of Moscow for Living In

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3D floor plans help bring your 2D plans to life. Cedreo allows your clients to simultaneously view their new office in 3D as 2D drawings are updated. This makes it easy to adjust office plans to match your client’s taste and needs, while instantly seeing the changes reflected in the 3D visualization.

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Flexibility

Office space needs can easily change over the years. If this might be the case for your clients, it’s best to limit the number of permanent walls you include in your designs. Instead, make better use of temporary partitions or cubicle systems since they can easily be reconfigured as needed. You can also create a more flexible space by designing multi-use areas that work for a variety of purposes.

Be sure to include a variety of different lighting sources in your clients’ small office plans. Making good use of natural light helps reduce energy costs while also adding to workers’ sense of happiness. Then, combine natural lighting with daylight-colored task lighting to illuminate each person’s workspace and improve alertness.

An uncomfortable office chair or a desk that’s too small can make a workday seem to drag on forever. That’s why it’s important to choose office furniture that provides a comfortable and ergonomic place to work. Look for desks, chairs, and other office furniture that are versatile and easy to adjust based on each person’s height and body shape.

Space and Placement

As you work with your clients, consider how their employees will need to interact with each other. If their employees need to exchange ideas often with each other, consider designing a more open office layout. On the other hand, if certain employees need to concentrate for long periods on detailed tasks, it’s best to give them a more private workspace to avoid distractions.

Collaboration

More and more companies are prioritizing collaboration and interaction between their employees. That’s why it’s important to include areas that facilitate interaction and encourage creativity. This could include open floor plans, casual meeting areas, and even larger break rooms.

Make sure employees who need to concentrate on detailed tasks won’t be disturbed by noises from break rooms, telephones, and printers. You can do this with sound-absorbing furniture and partitions with acoustic insulation.

And if you’re designing a small home office floor plan, it’s best to position it away from living rooms and children’s play areas to minimize noise and promote concentration.

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Small Office Floor Plan FAQs

Below are answers to frequently asked questions about small office floor plans.

What’s the best way to maximize small office space?

The three best ways to maximize small office space is natural lighting, functional furniture pieces, and making it a flexible space. Adequate natural lighting helps to make your space feel bigger. Find furniture that is multi-purpose to make the space more flexible and functional.

Can I create 2D & 3D floor plans with Cedreo?

Yes! Cedreo’s dual-window view shows you your 3D design in real-time as you draw in 2D. Then you simply switch to the 3D view to add 3D furnishing, materials, and products.

How will I know if everything will fit in my small office space?

Cedreo allows you to add dimensions for everything…walls, doorways, windows, appliances, and furniture. Once you have the basic floor plan in place with dimensions, you can test to view what different-sized furniture will look like in the space.

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I thought having my own office meant I'd 'arrived,' but it was depressing. Here's why open-plan office layouts are best.

• Jennifer Moore has worked in financial services, tech, and SaaS for 20 years. 
• During that time, she's worked in cubicles, open plan offices, and has had her own office spaces.
• The open plan concept is her winner due to the natural light and varying spaces for work. 

This as-told-to essay is based on a transcribed conversation with Jennifer Moore, 43, from Salt Lake City, about her experience working in different office spaces. The following has been edited for length and clarity.

I was a summer intern with a small desk in a hallway when my career began in 2003.

There was another intern who had her own cubicle with high walls that kind of looked like a mini office. I really loved my makeshift workspace, but I'll be honest — I was jealous. It was like I was an afterthought.

I've spent 10 years in financial services , where I worked in everything from high-walled cubicles to open office floor plans to eventually having my very own office. I also spent 10 years in B2B tech and software-as-a-service companies , where there's nothing but open office plans.

Cubicles are good for deep work and privacy, but they can be isolating

I've found that the true cube farm — with four high walls and a doorway — can be really helpful for deep work and conducting short one-on-ones.

I think privacy is another pro. In 2006, when I was working at Wells Fargo , I received an email telling me someone I was very close to in high school had died. I remember having a very loud reaction. My co-workers heard me but didn't necessarily see me burst into tears. It was a blessing to have a bit more privacy at that moment.

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The cons of cubicles is that they were somewhat isolating. There was no sunlight. The executives and leaders all got these fantastic offices that had windows, so you could tell immediately who the head honchos were.

Having my own office was depressing and soul-crushing

Having your own office is associated with prestige and privacy, but my first experience of this was horrible.

In 2015, I thought I had arrived. I had officially made it into product management at a financial services company and was given my very own office with a door. I had a furniture budget and everything, but I was absolutely miserable.

There was no natural light, only dim fluorescent lights, so I'd try to get out in the sunlight every day. There wasn't any foot traffic passing by my area because it was in a weird corner. It was isolating — I could go an entire day and not see or talk to a soul if I wanted to.

It was really depressing and soul-crushing.

One thing I would say is, at the time, I was doing some physical therapy, and it was really nice to be able to shut the door and close the shade on my tiny window so I could do stretches in complete privacy.

I learned that the overall workplace environment is more important to me than whether I had achieved having my own office.

You can say you believe in teamwork and collaboration but if you haven't designed an office space that encourages this, people are going to struggle to embrace it daily.

I think open-office plans are the clear winner, as they allow for different types of work

After I left my previous company in December 2023, I decided to focus full-time on my own consulting business.

I work in a coworking space for a company I consult for. It has an open floor plan with several conference rooms, telephone booths, and seating areas.

I think open office plans are the clear winner in a modern workplace, but their weaknesses should be augmented by using aspects of cubicle design that allow for areas of privacy and for different types of work.

Managers still need privacy. In a place where I worked recently, an executive would regularly conduct all their one-on-ones in the open seating area, and several people commented how awkward it was to hear highly personal information being discussed on a daily basis.

In open-floor plans, you can find spaces for deep work, collaboration, and large and small meetings. They can have soundproof booths in a hallway for privacy. Cubicles take up so much real estate, making it hard to create these options.

Another pro of open floor plans is natural light. I've noticed that in newer buildings, everyone has access to sunlight, rather than just the senior and executive leaders in their offices.

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